Winter Street Park Plan, Adams, MA

Winter Street Park Community Development Department Adams, MA

Genevieve Lawlor & Ahron Lerman

The Conway School Graduate Program in Sustainable Landscape Planning and Design Spring 2011

Index

“To seize the opportunities inherent in the city’s natural environment, to see beyond short-term costs and benefits, to perceive the consequences of the myriad, seemingly unrelated actions that make up city life, and to coordinate thousands of incremental improvements, a fresh attitude to the city and the molding of its form is necessary.

Nature in the city must be cultivated, like a garden, rather than ignored or subdued.”

-Anne Whiston Spirn, The Granite Garden

Project Overview & Goals.......................................................1 The Region...............................................................................2 The Neighborhood...................................................................3 Industrial History....................................................................4 The Hoosic...............................................................................5 The Green................................................................................6 Existing Conditions.................................................................7 Analysis:

Access and Circulation.....................................................8 Legal.................................................................................9 Drainage..........................................................................10 Views...............................................................................11

Summary Analysis..........................................................12 Alternatives:

Alternative 1: Woonerf on Winter..................................13

Alternative 2: Riverfront................................................14

Alternative 3: Wintergreen.............................................15 Preferred Design....................................................................16 Design Details:

The Green.......................................................................17

Rain Gardens..................................................................18

River Walk......................................................................19 Signs................................................................................20

Plant Palette...............................................................21-23

Cost Estimates................................................................24 Design in Context..................................................................25

1. Enhance Winter Street’s Beauty and Character

2. Improve Street Safety

3. Create pedestrian and bike connections

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Connect to: • Downtown commercial areas • The Hoosic River • The Ashuwillticook Rail Trail

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Address problems that contribute to the street’s perceived blight Explore uses for the town-owned green

Define pedestrian and bicycle paths Upgrade the river fence to code

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PROJECT GOALS

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Winter Street is a safe and beautiful part of downtown Adams, for neighborhood residents and the entire town. The public park at Winter Street’s center is a popular social and recreational area between the two downtown commercial districts of Park and Summer Streets.

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

VISION

Project Overview and Goals

Winter Street in downtown Adams has suffered some neglect over the years. Basic infrastructure is crumbling and an under-used public green sits at its center. But Winter Street has great potential: it is situated between two commercial districts, within which a river and a bike trail run—and, as evidenced from two public meetings that were held as part of the Winter Street project, the street has many supporters who are invested in seeing things change for the better.

Winter Street Park

Project Overview and Goals

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The Region

Mt. Greylock State Reservation

Savoy Mountain State Forest Ashuwillticook Rail Trail Terminus at Visitor’s Center

Ashuwillticook Rail Trail

Winter Street

Winter Street

The Region

Adams, Massachusetts

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Channeled Hoosic River

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Downtown Adams

Downtown Adams Mt. Greylock

Adams is a town of about twenty-three square miles in northwest Berkshire County, Massachusetts—an area known for its picturesque small towns, four-season outdoor activities, farmland, cultural events, industrial history, and tourism industry.

The Hoosic River flows north through Adams in a valley flanked by the Taconic Range to the west, which includes the summit of Mt. Greylock, the tallest peak in southern New England. Mt. Greylock serves as a dramatic backdrop from most points throughout Adams, including downtown. The town’s recent wayfinding plan emphasized the value of Greylock as a key point in the town’s identity.

The Ashuwillticook Rail Trail, a former railroad corridor converted to a universally accessible recreation trail, begins eleven miles south of Adams and winds through wetlands and woodlands before reaching its terminus at the Berkshire Visitors Center, just a block west of Winter Street.

The Hoosic River is channeled in concrete chutes as much as fifteen feet deep through downtown; where the river flows freely just south of town, it is known for excellent trout fishing.

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

Unchanneled Hoosic River

Winter Street Park

Hoosic River

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Former Berkshire Mill Building

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A Summer Street cafe

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The Adams Free Library

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The former Berkshire Mill building’s vacant parking lot

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The Berkshire Visitors Center, as seen from the Ashuwillticook Rail Trail

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Adams Free Library

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Weber Street residences, just off Winter Street

The Winter Street Neighborhood

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Adams’ two commercial districts on Park Street and Summer Street are roughly 1500 feet apart—the same distance people are generally willing to walk for civic amenities, shops, and public transit. Winter Street’s green is the only open public green space between these commercial areas. The Town would like to explore how a redesigned Winter Street green could potentially serve as an important attraction or stopover, to support redevelopment on Park and Summer Streets.

A public square along the rail trail

A historic schoolhouse on Summer Street

Winter Street Park

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Armory Court

The entrance to Armory Court, a pedestrian gateway from Park Street to the Rail Trail

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Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

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genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Winter Street is a residential street surrounded by commercial, civic, recreational, and former industrial areas. For myriad reasons, many of which are discussed in this document, Winter Street seems disconnected from its larger neighborhood context. Town officials and many neighborhood residents and business owners agree that knitting Winter Street back into the fabric of downtown would be a benefit for everyone.

The Neighborhood

The Neighborhood

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1876

1894

Photo Credit: Adams Historical Society

Photo Credit: Adams Historical Society

In 1876, prior to the development of industrial textile mills in Adams, the Hoosic River meandered through the present-day Winter Street area via marshes and wetlands, which filtered water and naturally protected against floods.

By 1894, the Hoosic River floodplain had been engineered to allow space for industry lots. Winter Street did not yet exist, though its path is foreshadowed by new property boundaries.

Photo Credit: Adams Historical Society

1904

A 1904 map shows Winter Street and the Berkshire Cotton Manufacturing Company for the first time. Row house buildings for the mill workers were squeezed between the street and the river, and a footbridge was built so the workers could easily walk to work. Though convenient for industry, the houses and the mills were sited in what used to be the river’s natural floodplain less than thirty years prior.

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Approximate location of present-day Winter Street project area.

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

The former Berkshire Cotton Mills building flanks the Hoosic River across from Winter Street.

Winter Street Park

Industrial History

Like many New England river towns, Adams has a rich industrial history. Its downtown is still dotted with mill buildings that were once the backbone of the region’s textile manufacturing. Within view from most points on Winter Street is an impressive mill building that sits across the river; a footbridge that once shuttled workers to the mills remains as a pedestrian crossing. Below, historic maps suggest how Winter Street evolved with the development of Adams’ textile industry.

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Industrial History

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Connecticut

Photo Credit: Adams Historical Society

Photo Credit: Adams Historical Society

Hudson River

Due to the steep slopes of its 720-square-mile drainage area, the A September 1938 flood saw the highest discharge rate measured Hoosic is fast moving, and prone to flash floods. During the early on the Hoosic River, 5,500 cubic feet per second (cfs). In part of the 1900s, area forests were cleared for agriculture to help response, the Army Corps of Engineers constructed flood support the town’s population growth. SinceNew forests hold more control chutes to usher the river through town quickly and safely Jersey water than farmland does, flooding became more severe. Homes, New York Upper(Traister Bay/ 2004). The chutes were designed to withstand a 500-year businesses, and industry built right on the river were inevitablyAtlantic Ocean flood (one that has a 0.5% chance of happening each year) of over affected by these floods during the 1920s and 1930s.

9,200 cfs.

Since the project was completed in 1958, the flood control chutes have successfully protected the town from floods; in fact, the river’s highest discharge rate since then has been just 2,720 cfs— less than a third of its capacity (Traister 2004). Unfortunately, the channels have prevented public enjoyment of the river, and also compromised the river’s ecology by raising temperatures and rendering sections inhospitable to aquatic life.

Hoosic River Massachusetts

Adams, MA Rhode Island Connecticut

Hudson River

New Jersey

New York Upper Bay/ Atlantic Ocean

Winter Street Park

The Hoosic River’s water flows northwest to the Hudson River, and then south into the Atlantic Ocean. According to the Army Corps of Engineers, “the Hoosic River is one of the few ecosystems in Massachusetts still featuring a viable, selfsustaining population of wild trout.”

New York

Map credit: NationalAtlas.gov

Photo Credit: Adams Historical Society

Massachusetts has also recognized the Hoosic in its Urban Rivers program, which looks at rivers to “play a significant role in improving the livability of our cities.” Further, the Downtown Development Plan for the Town of Adams, prepared by Chan Krieger & Associates in 2003, notes that “residents and visitors would benefit from modifications to the flood chutes with increased views of the river, ability to interact with the river, and increased trees and vegetative cover” (Krieger 2003).

Public access to the river on Winter Street may contribute to economic development, water quality protection, and aquatic life support throughout the watershed.

Just south—and upstream—of downtown, the wild sections of the Hoosic support trout and other fish, attracting fishermen and other recreational users.

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Rhode Island

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Massachusetts

Adams, MA

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

Hoosic River New York

The Hoosic

The Hoosic

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The Green

In 1975, the northern of the two row houses burned down and left a 0.4 acre triangle of green space.

The green is maintained by the town as a lawn; there are no formal pathways, seating, or vegetation.

Some area residents expressed a desire for shaded seating while walking down Winter on their way to the supermarket or to get ice cream. “It’s not far to get groceries,” one area resident said, “but if it’s a nice day, I’d love to stop and sit for a few minutes.”

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genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

Photo Credit: Adams Historical Society

Winter Street Park

The row house apartments have no front yard, and their back yards’ narrow length means resident children have little space to play before approaching the river’s low fence. Instead, uneasy parents encourage children to play on the green, which has served as the neighborhood kids’ unofficial yard, ballfield, and playground. It is also used by some neighbors to walk their dogs.

The Green

A nearly half-acre wedge of town-owned green space sits at the center of Winter Street. Currently, it is maintained as a lawn. Although it is public, not many residents of Adams utilize the space.

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1 Winter Street varies in width, and is narrowest at the southern end. Roughly 800

feet of sidewalk run down the west side of the street; nearly 65% of that length is not universally accessible according to Americans with Disabilities Act standards because it is too narrow and uneven.

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2 The central green, a grassy triangle with minimal slope, is primarily used by Winter

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3 Two apartment buildings are clustered in the north, near the corner of Weber and

Winter Streets; a third directly abuts Winter Street, just south of the green.

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4 The Hoosic River runs parallel to Winter Street. It is bound by flood control chutes

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that extend thirteen feet below grade. A three-foot-tall chain-link fence sits atop the channel walls.

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5 A footbridge, forty-five feet long and six feet wide, with a concrete walk and three-

foot-high railings, crosses the Hoosic River at the southwest corner of the green.

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6 Three condemned buildings sit empty at the corner of Summer and Winter Streets,

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physically separating Winter Street from Summer Street, and creating a blight on the neighborhood.

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Existing Conditions

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Winter Street, a 1250-foot-long residential street located in a former industrial area of downtown Adams, runs roughly north to south, connecting the main thoroughfares of Hoosac and Summer Streets. At its center is a 0.4-acre triangle of public green. The channeled Hoosic River parallels Winter Street to the west; to the east are residential and commercial areas.

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Existing Conditions

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Hoosac Street

7 A London plane tree, several Norway maples, and an ash tree line the east side of

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hoosic river Hoosic River

Public Green

Winter Street

Summer Street

The center green’s openness contrasts with the dominance of the mill building.

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Row House

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Condemned Building

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The front doors of the row house apartments are just six feet from Winter Street and open out to the empty condemned buildings.

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Public Green

Winter Street Park

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the road. A stand of conifers grows just over a fence on private property, and casts shade on the street.

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Cars often speed south on Winter Street, slowing quickly while turning the nearly blind corner around the row house. In addition to the green, children play in the street in front of the row house. The majority of residents—including children—reported having nearly been hit by a car.

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The pedestrian footbridge remains from the town’s industrial history and still serves as an important connector from the street to parts of downtown. The bridge’s railing is too low and not to code, and should be made safer.

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Approximately 65% of Winter Street’s 800 feet of sidewalks are in disrepair and not compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards, which call for an even, 5-foot-wide surface. The current sidewalk is neither.

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Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Pedestrian and vehicular circulation patterns overlap throughout the project site. Bikers and pedestrians—many of them neighborhood children—use the street as their primary access and circulation path. Conflict areas may be remedied through traffic calming techniques.

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Access and Circulation

Access and Circulation

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Winter Street leading up to its intersection with Summer Street is a steep 15%. Residents report that driving up this section is difficult and sometimes impossible in winter. The Fire Department agreed, reporting difficulty with certain trucks on the slope. The Police Department further reported that limited visibility around the condemned buildings presents a dangerous challenge in all seasons.

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Winter Street passes just six feet from the front doors of the row house apartments. Drivers passing through may feel as though they are driving through someone’s private front yard.

This impression may hinder public awareness of the green as a public resource.

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There are several key legal restrictions concerning the Hoosic River channel walls that must be taken into account when redesigning the Winter Street green. Abiding by these regulations will help ensure safety for residents without compromising the integrity of the walls.

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The Army Corps of Engineers maintains a 15-foot-wide by 8-foothigh “vegetation-free zone” outside the Hoosic River channel walls. It is against regulations to plant trees or other woody plants within this buffer, since their roots may impact the structural integrity of the walls.

Only perennial grasses are allowed.

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Army Corps “vegetation-free” buffer

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property parcel boundary town-owned green

A hole in a vegetation-covered fence reveals a small private pathway to Winter Street from the backs of Kearns Lane and Lehs Lane. Private parcels separate Winter and Summer Streets; by offering rights-of-way or helping improve vegetation, the parcel owners may enhance a Winter Street project.

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Public Green

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The height of the chain link fence atop the channel walls varies: in some places it is just three feet high. Massachusetts state code dictates the fence needs to be at least forty-two inches above the ground, though if the fence is forty-eight inches high, its vertical slats may be placed slightly farther apart. The fence’s height must be brought up to code along its entire length. This seems particularly important considering the nearly two dozen children currently living on Winter Street.

Winter Street Park

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Further, because of the neighborhood’s density, some initiatives—like connecting Winter Street to Summer Street—may depend on cooperation with private land owners.

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Legal

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Hoosac Street

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Several storm drains dump directly into the river. Rainwater warms as it runs off asphalt and contributes to raised river temperatures.

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Drains from Kearns and Lehs Lanes deposit stormwater, silt, and debris on the east side of Winter Street, contributing to the street’s image as a dirty, blighted place.

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Three storm drains next to each other at the intersection of Weber and Winter streets indicates heavy, concentrated flow. Slowed stormwater at this point could grow vegetation to filter out contaminants and improve river water quality.

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direction of water flow area of pooling

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Water draining down the slope from Summer Street pools in front of the first two row house apartments. Joked one resident, “I have lake and riverfront property every time it rains.” Another resident reported that a storm drain in this corner was accidentally paved over the last time the road was paved several years ago.

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storm drains

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Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

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the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

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Stormwater picks up pollutants and debris and runs through storm drains directly into the Hoosic River. Contaminants have a negative effect on water quality and aquatic life. Winter Street’s ailments include both water draining too quickly into the river and water not draining quickly enough and therefore pooling in front of residents’ front doors. A redesign of the street could educate the public about the impacts our cities have on water quality and display simple, innovative solutions.

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Winter Street Park

Drainage

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Hoosac Street

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Winter Street is often referred to as the “slums” or “ghetto” of Adams. Neighborhood residents agreed that this label was mostly due to a lack of care. “This street’s kind of neglected by the town,” one of the street’s residents lamented. Despite this, the street has some beautiful views on which to build.

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A single London plane tree anchors the entrance to Winter Street from Hoosac Street, but not much else frames the view.

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From the northern end of the street, a view of Mt. Greylock is framed by old brick mill buildings. The mountain has been highlighted in the town’s wayfinding plan to help build the town’s identity.

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genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Views

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Hoosac Street

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Public Green

The mill building dominates the view looking west from anywhere on Winter Street. A redesign may soften the sharpness of the building and make the view more appealing.

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undesirable view

enjoyable view

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Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

Residents of the row house on Winter Street look out their front doors at the back of vacant buildings on Summer Street. The buildings have been condemned for as long as any of the residents can remember. Residents don’t value this view, nor do the buildings contribute positively to the street’s image.

Winter Street Park

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The Hoosic River parallels Winter Street, but flows at the bottom of 13-feet-deep concrete chutes. It is not always visible, except from the footbridge. To many, the river is merely a hazard in which balls and toys sometimes get lost. Making current views more enjoyable and beautiful may bring the river’s recreational value to the public’s attention.

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In addition to the green, children are frequently in the street playing or riding their bicycles. Vehicles using the street as a cut-through from Hoosac to Summer Street zip down the road, and quickly slow down while rounding the corner at the north end of the row house apartments to avoid hitting the kids. Slowing or discouraging through-traffic may help make Winter Street a nicer place on which to live, walk, or bike. New trees can be planted and, with the existing Norway maples, may provide shaded places to sit. New street trees must be planted outside the Army Corps 15’ “vegetation-free” buffer, though.

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Approaching Summer Street, Winter Street has a steep 15% slope, which directs stormwater toward the southeast corner of the row house, where it pools and leaves debris. The turn is difficult to negotiate in the winter. Condemned buildings at the corner also block visibility for vehicles exiting Winter Street, and contribute to the street’s blighted reputation. Making this corner cleaner, easier to negotiate, and safer may make the street nicer for residents to live on, and improve the street’s reputation.

undesirable view

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The oft-ignored Hoosic River parallels the street, but flows within a thirteen-foottall concrete channel. Atop the walls is a not well-maintained chain-link fence sometimes nearly a foot below code. Improving the fence and creating designated viewing areas could be an opportunity to partner with the Berkshire Visitor’s Center to educate the public about the river and how its story intertwines with the town’s industrial past.

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poor drainage

Winter Street Park

The mixed-use area surrounding Winter Street includes commercial, residential, institutional, and transitional zones of use, indicating the wide variety of stakeholders interested in making Winter Street a safe and beautiful part of the neighborhood. Kearns Lane and Lehs Lane are two culs-de-sac that stop just short of connecting to Winter Street. A formalized footpath through a conifer stand could provide a shaded pedestrian connection to the Summer Street commercial and residential area via Lehs Lane.

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Mt. Greylock can be seen from the northern third of Winter Street over former industrial buildings downtown. A large London plane tree casts shade and gives the street a pleasant residential feel. However, the sidewalk is mostly broken, diverting pedestrian access away from the green and the footbridge down the street.

Three storm drains at the intersection of Weber and Winter Street may provide an opportunity to grow more street vegetation while improving river water quality by creating an infiltration basin and rain garden.

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Summary Analysis

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the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

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There are many opportunities to address some basic issues confronting Winter Street residents, like poor drainage and undesired views, while making the street safe and beautiful for everyone in town.

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

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Summary Analysis

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Hoosac Street

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Con: • River not highlighted

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View to Mt. Greylock

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Wo o n e r f A r e a w / Va r i e d Paving

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the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

Woonerf on Winter Woonerf is the Dutch name for a “living street” in which the needs of car drivers are secondary to the needs of users of the street as a whole. It is a shared space designed to be used by pedestrians, playing children, bicyclists, and low-speed motor vehicles, becoming a public place for people instead of a single-purpose conduit for automobiles. In this alternative, the border between the street and the green is blended, and together they become the center of social and recreational activity.

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Pros: • Existing shared use of the street becomes safer • Increased shade and play spaces

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Hoosac Street

Alternative 1

“Squeeze” w/Benches

shared pedestrian, bike, and vehicle space pedestrian traffic vehicle traffic

gateways to woonerf section

Pedestrians walking towards Summer Street via the footbridge find that where Spring Street

Infiltration Basins

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Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

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Winter Street Park

Pedestrian Link to A s h u w i l l t i c o o k R a i l Tr a i l

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Further on, vegetated infiltration basins in front of the row house collect rain, which overflows from one basin to the next.

In a heavy storm, stormwater overflows into the existing drain just past the north end of the house. The native grasses and shrubs are a nice view as one continues up to Summer Street. No one misses the condemned buildings that used to blight the corner.

Play Area

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Continuing further south, the curb is removed, blurring the line between the green and the street. Vegetation and the varied paving make a driver feel as though s/he is moving through a courtyard rather than the speedy cut-through the street used to be.

the path crosses Winter Street, the road has been narrowed to just 14 feet, the minimum width for emergency vehicles to pass. Benches and planters at this “squeeze” further blend mixed uses into the streetscape, signifying that this street is not just for cars.

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The woonerf design begins where Weber meets Winter Street with an infiltration basin that helps slow and filter stormwater, and calms traffic by narrowing the street where it is currently widest. The entry to the woonerf is also marked by a change in pavement as the road curves around the two mature maple trees. Benches in the maples’ shade extend the street’s social spaces and further slow traffic.

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Riverfront explores a scenario that Adams and other towns in the Hoosic River Watershed have investigated in the past, or are currently investigating (such as North Adams): namely, the reintegration of the Hoosic River into downtown neighborhoods. This alternative imagines a future wherein sections of the channel walls are disassembled and the river resumes a meandering path, bordered by riparian vegetation.

Cons: • Significant legal and economic hurdles • Less play space • No through-access for emergency vehicles

Road Closed

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Riparian vegetation Pedestrian Pathway to A s h u w i l l t i c o o k R a i l Tr a i l

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KEY

NTS

pedestrian path

vehicle path

A’ A

Public/private parking Pedestrian path to the A s h u w i l l t i c o o k R a i l Tr a i l

We s t R i v e r Wa l k

East R i v e r Wa l k

Floodplain park

The riverfront design creates a downtown attraction accessible from the Rail Trail and Summer Street.

Summer Street

Spring Street

Staircase 0’

35’

70’

140’

210’

Winter Street Park

Existing footbridge

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

r S tre et

A’

me

Paving in front of the row house apartments is removed and a front yard for the residents is created. Parking can be moved to a lot built in the footprint of the three condemned buildings, accessible via Summer Street. A terraced stairway and accessible ramp replaces the road where Winter met Summer. The terraces slow and infiltrate stormwater while still allowing pedestrian connection.

Sum

An accessible river walk meanders above the water’s edge, while a central platform offers a place to sit or for social gatherings. Visitors to the park can learn about the Hoosic River’s history at educational kiosks. The terraces also help slow and filter stormwater before it enters the river.

A second footbridge at the northern end of the park enables a looped river walk on both sides of the river—one side still channeled and one restored.

Alternative 2

Central Gathering Platform

Riverfront

E a s t R i v e r Wa l k

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

Riverfront

By closing Winter Street below its intersection with Weber Street, and removing the east side of the channel walls, a floodplain park is created. Rocks help stabilize the terraced river’s edge, which retains the wall’s flood control capacity, and provide places to sit and enjoy the water’s edge.

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Pros: • Improves water quality • Greater interaction with river • Eliminates through-traffic • Unique downtown attraction

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Alternative 2

14/25

Closing the street to through-traffic and expanding the Winter Street green creates a half-acre neighborhood park with a playground, shaded seating areas, lawn, and cantilevered focal areas extending over the river. The centralized footbridge moves park access away from the row house, further emphasizing the park as a public space.

Cons: • Overhangs and new bridge require Army Corps approval • Hinges on relationship to mill building

Wintergreen

We b e r S t reet

Central Footbridge

Cantilevered Focal Areas

Ke

arn

Alternative 3

E m e r g e n c y Ve h i c l e Access via Grass Paving

Rain Garden

s L an e

Pedestrian Pathway to Summer Street

Leh

s la

t

ng

ee

rki

Str

Pa

ne

mm Su

pedestrian path

vehicle path

Spring Street

Rain Garden 0’

35’

70’

140’

210’

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

KEY

Winter Street Park

Altering the road by pulling it away from the row house makes the intersection between Summer and Winter more gradual and allows for a small rain garden near the southern end of the building to absorb stormwater.

Resident Parking

e

Parking on the south end of the road remains as is, though a small turnaround where the park begins allows vehicles to exit the road the way they came in.

C a r Tu r n a r o u n d Playground

in A ven u

Moving the footbridge to a central location emphasizes the park as a public space, bringing foot traffic to the park’s middle.

The success of the Winter Street park as a downtown attraction hinges on the redevelopment of the mill building for mixed business and residential use. The revitalized area could include a loop trail from the Ashuwillticook Rail Trail and the Berkshire Visitor’s Center, around the redeveloped building, over to the Winter Street Green, and then back.

E m e r g e n c y Ve h i c l e Access via Grass Paving

Gav

Cantilevered viewing areas extend out over the river, expanding the park’s focus to the river. A small playground nearby lets children play and run around safely.

er

Pedestrian Pathway to A s h u w i l l t i c o o k R a i l Tr a i l

The central green closes the central portion of Winter Street to throughtraffic, but still allows emergency vehicle access through the use of grass paving.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

Wintergreen

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Pros: • Emphasizes the green as a public space • Greater interaction with river • Eliminates through-traffic

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Hoosac Street

Alternative 3

15/25

Preferred Design

Footpath to Summer Street

Kea r

ns

Lan

e

Seating River Walk Perennial Grasses

Leh

sL

Vegetated Bank Stamped Concrete

Open Green Path to Ashuwillticook Rail Trail

A

ane

A’

Widened Footbridge

Winter Street Park

T he R i ver A new fence makes access to the park and views to the river safer and more enjoyable.

The path along the river meanders, in contrast to the linear channeled Hoosic, around beds of native perennial grasses. The footbridge is widened to fifteen feet, becoming a two-way pedestrian thoroughfare and a place to linger and chat with a neighbor.

Street Trees

Rain Garden

The Winter Street Park

Street Trees and Sidewalk

Winter Street

Resident Parking A’

0’

35’

70’

140’

210’

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

Framed by a shady meandering path along the channel walls to the west, and street trees to the east, roughly a quarter-acre of green remains as open space for free play, picnicking, and potentially a future playground made of natural materials.

River Walk A Section A-A’ NTS

Weber Stre et

T he Gre en Winter Street’s green becomes a central gathering spot for the neighborhood, with clear pedestrian paths and places for strolling, sitting, and playing.

me r St ree t

In front of the row house apartments, Winter Street shifts slightly east, which adds four feet of width for a rain garden of wildflowers, grasses, and shrubs that intercepts, filters, and moves stormwater away from the house. An existing storm drain just past the row house’s northeast corner accepts heavy storm overflow via an underground pipe. The addition of the

Rain Garden

Sum

The central stretch of Winter Street is framed by newly planted shrubs on the east bank and street trees that shade a repaired sidewalk. A road surface change to stamped concrete slows drivers as they enter the row house residential area.

Demolishing the condemned buildings on the corner increases visibility to Summer Street.

et tre rS nte Wi

At the intersection of Weber and Winter, a rain garden slows and infiltrates stormwater.

In heavy rains, the existing storm drains can accept overflow. Winter Street bends around the garden, which slows traffic heading south towards the park.

rain garden does not reduce existing parking for the row house.

Vegetated Strip

r ive

Th e Stre e t The entire length of Winter Street becomes a consistent eighteen feet in width (the current average width), which allows nearly 350 linear feet of perennial grasses to be planted along the west side of Winter Street, between Hoosac and Weber Streets.

cR osi Ho

The preferred design was developed in response to the project goals, site analyses, and public feedback to the three alternatives. At two public meetings, participants consistently expressed a desire for safety, comfortable use of the green, and interaction with the river. Design details are on the following sheets.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

Consistent 18’ Street Width

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Preferred Design

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Hoosac Street

16/25

Crushed Gravel Footpath to Summer Street Photo Source: http://www.abekleinfeld.com/

Street Tree Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba • • Seating

•

Street Trees Porous Concrete River Walk

•

Yellow fall foliage Excellent city tree: heat tolerant; tolerates road salt spray, air pollution, full sun and partial shade; free of pests Plant male trees to avoid messy, stinky fruits from females Transplants easily

Native Shrub Staghorn Sumac Rhus typhina • • • •

Red fall foliage Masses well on banks Cone of deep, red, velvety fruits provides food for wildlife into the winter Transplants easily; adapted to many soil types

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

Stamped Concrete Crosswalk

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

A row of trees separates the green and the west side of Winter Street and a row of native shrubs lines the east side of the street. A suggested street tree and native shrub are profiled on the right. Additional vegetation is listed in the plant palette.

Design Details: The Green

Design Details: The Green

Bank of Native Shrubs

Upgraded Fence

Tree Planting Detail

Shrub Planting on a Slope Detail

Stamped Concrete

guy rope (3), white flag on each to increase visibility set tree at original grade mulch: pine bark or wood chips: 3” min. depth and 3” away from root flare soil saucer: use prepared soil, 6” min.

Future Playground

Open Green

wooden deadmen (3) remove at least top third of burlap prepared subsoil to form pedestal to prevent settling

Widened Footbridge

Natural playground descriptions, inspirations, and resources: GoEarthscapes.com NaturalPlaygrounds.com PlaygroundDesigns.blogspot.com

remove at least top third of burlap corner of root system at line of original grade firmly compacted saucer gently compacted topsoil mixture: 12” all around ball, min. tamped admixture backfill

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

Perennial Grasses

Winter Street Park

rubber hose at bark

17/25

Rain gardens have enhanced the streetscape.

Photo by Kevin Robert Perry

Native plants soak up and purify stormwater.

Photo by Kevin Robert Perry

Rain gardens fed by stormwater entering through curb cuts on NE Siskiyou Green Street in Portland, Oregon, infiltrate an entire average year’s worth of stormwater as they grow native grasses and ferns. Residents take pride in the project and help weed the beds and remove trash. A small sign teaches residents and visitors about stormwater management.

The Green Street design won a General Design Honor Award from the American Society of Landscape Architects in 2007. The project was built for under $20,000 in 2003.

Portland now has a waiting list for similar projects on residential streets.

A rain garden runs the length of the row house apartments, intercepting stormwater running down from Summer Street. Walkways cross the 6”-7” deep basin from each set of two apartments to Winter Street. The 3-foot-wide gardens also buffer the widened sidewalk and row house apartments from vehicles.

Rain Garden Construction Detail

depth of basin depends on inflow quantity

mixed planting of shrubs and perennial grasses

Rain Garden Wildflower New England Aster Aster novae-angliae

mulch amended topsoil

• Native to New England • Purple flowers blooming in late summer

geotextile fabric optional sidewalk

street

6” perforated drain tile, bedded in gravel, ties into existing storm drain

attract butterflies • Direct seed 1/4 to 1/8 inch deep in fall

Photo Credit: kgNaturePhotography.com

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

Row House

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Rain Garden

Urban rain gardens can help control stormwater that flows through Winter Street by using it to grow beautiful streetside vegetation. The plants also filter out contaminants that are currently polluting the Hoosic River.

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

Design Details: Rain Gardens

Winter Street

Winter Street Park

Design Details: Rain Gardens

18/25

The Canal Walk in Holyoke, Massachusetts, features a simple black steel fence, which allows pedestrians to safely walk near and view the river.

Porous concrete paving is more expensive than standard concrete, but lasts longer. Nearby vegetation benefits from rain soaking through the surface and infiltrates the soil, and pedestrians do not have to skip around puddles.

Fence Construction Detail

Porous Concrete Detail

2”x 2” metal post, typ.

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

of Fo otbr i d g e a n e Vi e w d Ri y E ver d’s r i Wa B lk

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Materials for the preferred design are influenced by comparable nearby urban parks, and use environmentally responsible materials.

Design Details: River Walk

Design Details: River Walk

2.5” porous concrete surface course 2” crushed stone aggregate

1 3/4” x 1/2” metal rails

steel river fence

finish grade

3 1/2 “ diameter cored hole

existing concrete wall

prepared subgrade

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

river walk/ park sign

Winter Street Park

6” aggregate subbase

porous concrete

19/25

f Fo otbr i d g e a n d Vi e w o Rive rW alk

Signs identifying Winter Street should conform to existing downtown wayfinding elements, like the Ashuwillticook Rail Trail sign on Park Street, or to sign designs specified in the town’s wayfinding plan, seen below.

Winter Street Neighborhood Sign

Winter Street Park Sign

silhouette cut-out of footbridge

Adams Winter Street

historical snapshot of Winter Street

Adams

River Walk

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

Bi

Eye r d’s

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Some materials for the preferred design were influenced by material standards found elsewhere in downtown Adams.

Design Details: Signs

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Design Details: Signs

Winter Street Park

historical photo

porous concrete

steel river fence

A town wayfinding plan included examples of signs that fit into the preferred design, particularly for the river walk and to identify the Winter Street neighborhood.

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

steel post

Winter Street Park

river walk/ park sign

20/25

type

ht (ft.)

width (ft.)

color

comments

cultural notes

purchase source

cost estimate

sidewalk border & riverwalk, next to channel walls These beautiful grasses and wildflowers grow easily in an urban environment. They tolerate compacted soils, urban pollution and disturbance, and a variety of soil quality, moisture, and pH levels. Nitrogen fixers help build soil nutrients to reduce need for outside fertilizers. yarrow

Achillea millefolium

wildflower

1’-3’

white & pink flowers throughout spring and summer

direct seed

American Meadows

$36.95/lb

chicory

Cichorium intybus

wildflower

3’-4’

beautiful blue flowers, July-October

direct seed

American Meadows

$24.95/lb

purple lovegrass

Eragrostis spectabilis

wildflower

1.5’-2’

plumes of bronze-red in late summer

container-grown

Project Native

$9.95/gallon $10.44/lb

green & yellow

attracts birds

direct seed

Sheffield’s Seed Company

white flowers

common daisy

direct seed

American Meadows

$32.95/lb

yellow flowers, June-October

nitrogen fixer

direct seed

Stock Seed Farms

$9.50/lb

1’-3’

yellow flowers

not picky about soil conditions; can be fickle, but sets lots of seed

container-grown

Project Native

$8.95/gallon

wildflower

1’-3’

white flowers August-October

“a remarkably tough native species that is strikingly beautiful in flower.” (Del Tredici 2010, 166)

best propagation by division of mature plants-seed germination rate low

Prairie Moon Nursery

$2.45/bare root plant

Tanacetum vulgare

wildflower

2’-4’

yellow flowers, July-September

Horizon Herbs

$2.95/packet

alsike clover

Trifolium hybridum

groundcover

1’-2’

pale pink or whitish flowers, April-October

nitrogen fixer

direct seed

Wood Prairie Farm

$29.95/5 lbs

white clover

Trifolium repens

groundcover

.5’

mat-forming

white flowers, throughout summer

nitrogen fixer

direct seed

Stock Seed Farms

$3.75/lb

hairy vetch

Vicia villosa

herbaceous annual

1’-3’

climbs or spreads on the ground

purple flowers, June-August

annual that produces readily from seed; nitrogen fixer

direct seed in the fall

High Mowing Organic Seeds

$9.75/lb

common blue violet

Viola papilionacea

herbaceous perennial

.5’

should be allowed to set seed

Prairie Moon Nursery

$20/quarter-ounce (5,750 seeds)

attracts numerous butterflies

New England Wetland Plants

$.85 (50-300) or $1.05 (3501500)/2” plugs

striking in appearance

New England Wetland Plants

$.83 (50-300) or $1.05 (3501500)/2” plugs

New England Wetland Plants

$.83 (50-300) or $1.05 (3501500)/2” plugs

common rush of bogs and hummocks

New England Wetland Plants

$.83 (50-300) or $1.05 (3501500)/2” plugs

New England Wetland Plants

$.83 (50-300) or $1.05 (3501500)/2” plugs

red fescue

Festuca rubra

grass

oxeye daisy

Leucanthemum vulgare

wildflower

1.5’-2.5’

birdsfoot trefoil

Lotus corniculatus

wildflower

.5’-1.5’

black-eyed Susan

Rudbeckia hirta

wildflower

white heath aster

Symphyotrichum pilosum

tansy

1’-3’ clumps

purple flowers, April-June

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

botanical name

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

common name

Design Details: Plant Palette

Design Details: Plant Palette

rain gardens These low maintenence plants grow well in wet environments and can tolerate road salt spray. They are also beautiful, resilient plants; several plants attract many species of birds and butterflies.

fringed sedge

blue flag iris

Canadian rush

Aster novae-angliae

Carex crinita

Iris versicolor

Juncus canadensis

wildflower

grass

wildflower

grass

2’-4’

dark purple flowers in later summer

3’

green

1.5’-4’

blue-violet flowers in early spring

2’

likes wet conditions; salt tolerant

cardinal flower

Lobelia cardinalis

wildflower

2’-4’

crimson red flowers in late summer

favorite of hummingbirds

sensitive fern

Onoclea sensibilis

fern

1’-3’

light green

decorative, beady appearance

Project Native

$9.95/2 quarts

Pycnanthemum muticum

herbaceous perennial

2’-4’

lavender to white flowers in mid-late summer

fragrance of mint and oregano

Project Native

$10.95/gallon

mountain mint

likes wet conditions; can be overcrowded

top of swale:

summersweet

Clethra alnifolia

shrub

3’-8’

4’-6’

new growth bronze; leaves green; pale gold in fall

fragrant showy summer flowers

responds well to pruning; tolerant of salt spray; transplant balled & burlapped or as a container-grown plant into moist soil

Project Native

$15.95/plant

fragrant yellow flowers in spring; attracts birds and butterflies; native

difficult to transplant--use container-grown plants; somewhat slow to reestablish

Project Native

$18.95/plant

container-grown, easy to transplant

Project Native

$12.95/plant

spicebush

Lindera benzoin

shrub

8’-15’

6’-15’

yellow & gold in fall

steeplebush

Spiraea tomentosa

small shrub

2’-5’

2’-5’

pink flowers in mid-summer

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

New England aster

Winter Street Park

bottom of swale:

21/25

width (ft.)

color

comments

cultural notes

purchase source

cost estimate

turf lawn The existing lawn should continue to be grown. However, as traffic increases, wear and tear may degrade the quality and health of the lawn. The following includes a Project Native lawn mix of resilient and attractive grasses to reseed entire areas or to phase into bare spots. When reseeding, an area should be roped off for an entire growing season to allow the grasses to take hold. The grasses with have a much higher success rate this way. sheep fescue

Festuca ovina

grass

red fescue

Festuca rubra

grass

1’-3’

hairy vetch

Vicia villosa

herbaceous annual

1’-3’

climbs or spreads on the ground

direct seed

Stock Seed Farms

$8.80/2lb

green & yellow

attracts birds

direct seed

Sheffield’s Seed Company

$10.44/lb

purple flowers, june through august

annual that produces readily from seed; nitrogen fixer

direct seed in the fall

High Mowing Organic Seeds

$9.75/lb

includes: broom grass, creeping red fescue, chewing’s fescue, hard fescue, rough bentgrass

direct seed

Project Native

$180/20 lbs

“a necessary tree under difficult conditions” (Dirr 2009)

EXISTING; many specimens growing on scrubby bank; transplant and prune select trees

n/a

n/a

yellow in fall

“excellent city tree for public areas” (Dirr 2009)

transplants easily in moderately moist soil; plant male trees--female fruits are messy

Weston Nurseries

$279/4-5’ balled & burlapped

yellow to red in fall

“very handsome street tree…definitely should be used more extensively.” (Dirr 2009)

best moved balled & burlapped in early spring

Split Rail Nursery

2” caliper

specimens grown from southern seed may not be cold hardy to Adams--source from as nearby as possible; transplant balled & burlapped or container grown as a young tree into moist soils; does well in many soil types except permanently wet ones; suffers from extreme stresses

Weston Nurseries

$325/2-2.5” caliper

Weston Nurseries

$295/2-2.5” caliper

Project Native Seed Mix street trees Street trees were chosen for their durability in an urban environment and for their simple care requirements.

box elder

Acer negundo

tree

ginkgo

Ginkgo biloba “Jade Butterflies’

dwarf tree

30’-50’

30’

30’

15’-20’

river walk trees River walk trees were chosen for their beauty and their tolerance for a variety of soil conditions. trident maple

Acer buergerianum

tree

20’-30’

20’-30’

eastern redbud

Cercis canadensis

tree

20’-30’

25’-35’

reddish purple buds open to pink flowers in early spring

“a breath of fresh air after a long winter” and “one of our most beautiful native trees” (Dirr 2009)

flowering dogwood

Cornus florida

small tree

12’-20’

8’-15’

ivory blooms in spring; red, orange & purple in fall

native; part shade

yellow & gold in fall

berries attract birds and butterflies; gorgeous spring flowers

transplant balled & burlapped or container grown plants into moist soil

Project Native

$19.95/plant

brilliant foliage; easy to care for native shrub

finely fibrous root system--transplants well; effective massed: “almost a sea of red in fall and winter” (Dirr 2009)

Project Native

$15.95/plant

Broken Arrow Nursery

$25/2 gal

Native shrubs interplanted among the above trees along the river walk add interest and beauty. shadblow serviceberry

Amelanchier canadensis

large shrub

10’-20’

5’-10’

chokecherry

Aronia arbutifolia

shrub

3’-8’

3’-6’; suckers & spreads

New Jersey tea

Ceanothus americanus

shrub

3’-4’

3’-5’

white flowers in spring; dark red fruit late in summer creamy white flowers in summer

Winter Street Park

shrubs

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

ht (ft.)

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

type

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

botanical name

Design Details: Plant Palette

common name

Design Details: Plant Palette

22/25

color

comments

cultural notes

purchase source

cost estimate

scrubby bank The east side of the road is privately-owned, but currently brush cut by the town to keep suckering trees away from overhead utility lines. The native plants listed below are low-maintenance alternatives to help beautify the road, stabilize the bank, and provide wildlife forage and habitat. “a good choice for a native plant ...due to its short height, long bloom time, versatile sun and soil needs, and brilliant classic white flowers.”

can spread aggressively; potential success growing under Norway Maples

Project Native

$9.95/quart

fragrant blooms

may tolerate Norway Maple understory

Project Native

$20.95/tree

bright red fall color

attracts over 35 species of birds

potential success growing under Norway Maples

Project Native

$10.95/gallon

deep red/maroon in fall

quick growing; red berries attract birds all winter

Project Native

$11.95/plant

Canada anemone

Anemone canadensis

wildflower

1’

spreading

sweetfern

Comptonia perigrina

small shrub

4’-8’

4’-8’

deep leathery green

witchhazel

Hamamellis virginiana

large shrub

10’-20’

8’-15’

golden yellow flowers in late fall

Virginia creeper

Parthenocissus quinquefolia

creeping vine

staghorn sumac

Rhus typhina

tall shrub

30’

suckers & spreads

8’-18’

8’-15’

classic white flowers in mid-spring

Sources: Del Tredici, Peter, Wild Urban Plants of the Northeast. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2010 Dirr, Michael A., Manual of Woody Landscape Plants: Their Identification, Ornamental Characteristics, Culture, Propagation and Uses, Sixth Edition. Champaign, IL: Stipes Publishing, 2009

Canada anemone

Eastern redbud

Canadian rush Photo Credit: kgNaturePhotography.com

Steeplebush Photo Credit: kgNaturePhotography.com

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

width (ft.)

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

ht (ft.)

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

type

Design Details: Plant Palette

botanical name

Winter Street Park

common name

Design Detail: Plant Palette

23/25

cubic yard square foot square foot square foot

fencing demoli'on fence

lump sum linear foot

landscaping trees shrubs grass seed rain garden

each each pound of seed linear foot

park furniture bike rack trash & recycling receptacle water fountain benches

unit cost

quan-ty

subtotal

descrip-on

$23.00 $8.00 $8.00 $11.00

80 4000 6400 630

$1,840.00 $32,000.00 $51,200.00 $6,930.00

includes disposal costs half the length of Winter Street along the river, from the footbridge to the intersec'on of Hoosac and Winter the same as the Rail Trail crosswalk on Park Street

$4,000.00 $40.00

1200

$4,000.00 $48,000.00

includes disposal costs there may be opportunity to reduce costs by using exis'ng 4' tall poles

$300.00 $20.00 $400.00 $12.00

20 75 1 1920

$6,000.00 $1,500.00 $400.00 $23,040.00

each each each each

$1,500.00 $1,500.00 $1,500.00 $1,000.00

1 3 1 5

$1,500.00 $1,500.00 $1,500.00 $1,000.00

ligh-ng pedestrian lights

lump sum

$3,000.00

1

$3,000.00

signs wayfinding sign

lump sum

$3,000.00

1

$3,000.00

Subtotal Con-ngency Cost (10%) Mobilliza-on Fees (20%) Design & Administra-on Fees (15%) Total

see plant paleOe for more a detailed breakdown of plant cost es'mates

$186,410.00 $18,641.00 $37,282.00 $27,961.50 $270,294.50

includes plants and seeds

notes

similar to style found elsewhere in town, see sheet 20

Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

unit

Winter Street Park

item paved surfaces demoli'on sidewalks: porous concrete riverwalk: porous concrete stamped concrete

genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

Items not priced individually are not detailed in the plan, but their inclusion in the park is anticipated.

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

Cost estimates provided below are rough gauges of the cost of the Winter Street park. It is encouraged to source materials as locally as available and to reuse materials whenever possible.

Design Details: Cost Estimate

Design Details: Cost Estimate

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Not for constr uc tion.

This drawing is part of a student project and is not b a s e d o n a l e g a l s u r v e y.

Design in Context

Hoosac Street

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Lane

Mill Building

Sum

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Park S tre

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Library

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genevieve lawlor & ahron lerman

c osi Ho

Visitors Center

Design in Context

A river walk features the Hoosic in a new light, while ecological stormwater management techniques begin to address the problems of polluted runoff directly entering the river.

the conway school | conway, massachusetts | spring 2011

A park on Winter Street, with dedicated pedestrian connections to outlying areas, integrates the street into Adams’ downtown neighborhood and makes the street safer and more beautiful for residents and visitors.

Lane

Town Hall

Above: The map suggests how formalized pathways might extend from the park on Winter Street to the commercial area of Summer Street to the east, and west to the Ashuwillticook Rail Trail.

Sum

me r St ree t

Right: The preferred design overlayed on an aerial photo of the site.

Town of Adams Community Development Department Adams, Massachusetts 01220

Open Green

Winter Street Park

Hoosic River

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