Mensahe Mula sa Pangkalahatang Patnugot Mga Katipunero at Mambabasa, Isa na namang semestre ang nagdaan at nagagalak kaming ihandog sa inyo ang ika-39 na isyu ng Katipunan Magazin na may kabuuang tema na Pagmamahal sa Bayan. Pagpaparangal sa ating pambansang bayaning si Gat Jose Rizal ang kabuuang laman ng espesyal na isyung ito. Kinikilala at pinahahalagahan ng Programang Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinas si Gat Jose Rizal pati na ang kaniyang mga gawa. Bilang pambansang bayani ng Pilipinas, nagbibigay ng inspirasyon si Gat Jose Rizal sa atin upang mahalin ang Inang Bayan at daigin ang mga pwersang nag-aalis ng ating kalayaan at karapatan. Ginamit niya ang kaniyang dunong at naibuwis ang kaniyang buhay upang maging daan sa kalayaang matagal nang hindi natatamo ng buong salinlahi. Hinangad niyang mabigyan nang magandang edukasyon tayong mga Pilipino upang maipagtanggol natin ang ating karapatan at mabigyan ng kalayaang manirahan ng mapayapa sa ating bayan. Kaya, mahalaga lamang na parangalan siya sa kaniyang mga gawa. Taos-pusong pinasasalamatan ng mga bumubuo ng patnugutan ang mga estudyante ng Programang Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinas sa kanilang pakikibahagi at pagsusulat ng mga akda upang mabuo ang ating Magazin at mailathala. Sa mga patnugot ng klase, maraming salamat sa pagtanggap ng dagdag na responsibilidad. Nawa’y maging kapaki-pakinabang ang inyong karanasan sa paggawa. Sa ating mga guro na lubos na sumusubaybay, tumutulong at naglilinang ng kakayahan ng mga estudyante, maraming salamat sa inyo. At higit sa lahat, sa aking mga kapwa-patnugot na nagbuhos ng kanilang mahahalagang oras at kakayahan sa pagbuo ng Katipunan Magazin, maraming-maraming salamat sa inyo at narito na ang bunga ng ating pagsisikap. Sa inyo mga mambabasa, nawa’y magsilbing inspirasyon itong Magazin at mapagpulutan ninyo ng aral. Maligayang Pasko at Manigong Bagong Taon!
~Karl Christian Alcover~
Taos-pusong nagpapasalamat ang Katipunan Magazin sa:
Student Activities and Program Fee Board
MGA NILALAMAN Editoryal, 3 Lathalain, 4 FIL 401, 6 FIL 301-01, 9 FIL 301-02, 13 FIL 202, 15 FIL 201-01, 18 FIL 201-02, 21 FIL 102, 24 FIL 101-01, 26 FIL 101-02, 29 FIL 101-03, 32 IP 431, 34 IP 396, 39 IP 368B-01, 42 IP 368B-02, 47 IP 273E, 55 Pasasalamat, 61
Mensahe Mula sa Supremo ng Katipunan Kumusta Mga Minamahal Kong Katipunero, Una sa lahat, binabati ko kayo para sa matagumpay na semestre! Nais ko kayong pasalamatan para sa inyong mga hindi matatawarang pagpapakasakit at paggawa ng inyong mga tungkulin. Hindi sana natin natapos ang mga gawain kung hindi dahil sa inyong dedikasyon. Hangad ko na maging mas maganda at mas maayos ang mga bagay-bagay sa ating samahan noong mag-umpisa ako sa aking panunungkulan. Ngayon, unti-unti nang nagaganap gaya ng aking pinangarap. Ngayong semestre, ipinagdiriwang natin ang ika-150 na anibersaryo ng kapanganakan ni Dr. Jose Rizal at gaya ng alam ninyo, tagapagtaguyod para sa ikabubuti ng kanyang kapwa si Dr. Jose Rizal. Dalangin kong ipagpatuloy ng bawat isa sa inyo ang mga nasimulan niya. Ipagpatuloy na ipaglaban kung ano ang tama at huwag matakot na isiwalat ang nalalaman. "Kung papipiliin ako sa lalaking matalinong-matalino ngunit walang puso at lalaking punung-puno ang puso ng pagibig ngunit walang talino, pipiliin ko ang huli.” ~Teddy Charles Barbosa ~
Paliwanag sa Pabalat
Ginugunita ngayong taong ito ang ika-150 na kaarawan ni Dr. Jose Rizal. Bilang pagbibigay pugay sa kaarawan ni Dr. Jose Rizal, minarapat kong ilagay ang kanyang larawan sa harap ng magazin. Nasa likuran naman ng larawan ni Dr. Jose Rizal ang araw at mga islang bumubuo sa Pilipinas na siyang nagpapakita ng damdaming makabayan at pagmamahal sa Inang Bayan. Sumisimbolo rin ng pagmamahal sa bansa ang mga kulay na pinili kong gamitin dahil ito ang mga kulay ng watawat. ~Annalynn Macabantad~
EDITORYAL
Kaunlaran: Edukasyon pa rin ang Kailangan ni Karl Christian Alcover “Ang kabataan ang pag-asa ng bayan” na yata ang pinakakilalang sinipi mula sa mga isinulat ni Dr. Jose Rizal. Ang pagkahilig ni Rizal sa edukasyon ang siyang nagtulak sa kaniya upang gisingin ang natutulog na kamalayan ng mga Filipino noon. Kung papansinin, nakatuon sa edukasyon ang kaniyang buhay mula pa sa kaniyang murang edad. Noon pa man, nakita na niya ang kahalagahan ng edukasyon sa kabataan. Kung nabuhay man si Rizal ng matagal, marahil ay higit niyang pinagtuunan ang edukasyon ng mga kabataan. Gayunpaman, ang kasabihang ito ni Rizal marahil ay naiwan na lamang sa libro at kasaysayan. Tila hindi kailanman natutunan ng mga Pilipinong may kakayahang pagalingin ang lumpong bayan ang ibig iparating ni Rizal sa bayan. Lalong bumababa ang antas ng edukasyon sa Pilipinas. Hindi maikakailang pagdating sa edukasyon, unti-unti nang napag-iiwanan ang Pilipinas. Ayon sa Global Competitiveness Report para sa taong 2010-2011 ng World Economic Forum, ikapito ang antas ng edukasyon ng Pilipinas, na sinundan naman ng Cambodia sa walong bansang sinuri sa Southeast Asia. Naniniwala ang mga eksperto na ang pangunahing dahilan nito ay ang kakapusan sa badyet. Milyunmilyong kabataan sa Pilipinas ang umaasa sa mga pampublikong paaralang pinatatakbo mula sa alokasyon ng gobyerno taon-taon. Ang mababang antas na ito ay gawa nang maliit na pagpapahalaga ng gobyerno at ang pagnanakaw ng pondo. Bilang resulta, lumiliit ang bilang ng mga guro sa bansa dahil na rin sa kakarampot na sahod ng mga pampublikong guro. Marami sa kanila ang nangingibang-bansa dahil nawawalan ng pag-asang umunlad sa ilalim ng pamamahalang puno ng korupsyon at katiwalian. Mas pinipili na ng karamihan na magsilbi sa dayuhang gobyerno upang matutustusan ang kakulangan ng sariling gobyerno. Karagdagan pa, walang sapat na mga libro at iba pang kagamitan Taglagas 2011
ang naibibigay sa libu-libong paaralan sa bansa. Ang problemang ito ng Pilipinas ay palubha ng palubha lalo pa’t lumalaki ang populasyon. Hindi lamang ang kasalukuyang henerasyon ang naaapektuhan ng kakulangan ng sapat na edukasyon, higit sa lahat ang mga henerasyon sa hinaharap. Kung gayon, masasabing ang kakulangan ng pagpapahalaga sa edukasyon ay kakulangan din sa pagpapahalaga sa ating pambansang bayani. Totoo, ipinagdiriwang natin ang kaarawan at kamatayan ni Dr. Jose Rizal ngunit nagkukulang tayo sa pagpapahalaga sa kaniyang mga ipinaglaban at paniniwala. Dakila ngang maituturing si Rizal na nakipaglaban para sa reporma at edukasyon sa kabila nang malulupit na pamamahala ng mga Kastila. Dahil sa kaniyang mga gawa, naiahon ang buong salinlahi mula sa kahirapang dulot ng mga mapanupil na mga mananakop. Ngunit bakit tayo, gayong lubos na malaya, ay hindi magawa-gawang paglabanan ang nagpapahirap sa bayan? Tayo sa kasalukuyan, na may higit na kakayahang baguhin ang mga maling nakikita sa bayan, na walang dayuhang pumipigil na umunlad, ang siya pang hindi makaahon-ahon sa kahirapang tayo mismo ang gumawa. Matuto tayo mula sa ating pambansang bayani. Matibay ang kaniyang paniniwala sa magagandang bunga ng edukasyon. Kailangang mamuhunan sa edukasyon upang maging matibay ang pundasyon ng mga susunod pang henerasyon. Huwag nating hayaang ang mga problema noon, daang taon na ang nakalilipas, ay magiging problema pa rin natin sa hinaharap. Tulungan natin sa pamamagitan ng edukasyon ang bagong henerasyon na hindi sila magaya sa kasalukuyang tiwaling mga lider. Ayon nga kay Rizal, “All our efforts tend to educate our people: education, education, education of our people – education and enlightenment.” Kailan pa ba natin tutuparin ang kahilingan ni Rizal? Siya ay 150 taong gulang na ngunit ang kalagayan ng bansa ay bata pa rin. Katipunan Magazin 3
LATHALAIN Diskusyon sa Pelikulang Dekada ’70 Diana Maramag Isang matagumpay na paglalahad ang ginawa ng mga estudyante mula sa dalawang section ng IP 368B ng kanilang mga pagsusuri sa pelikulang Dekada ’70. Ginanap ito noong ika-27 ng Oktubre 2011 sa Center for Korean Studies Auditorium ng Unibersidad ng Hawaii sa Manoa. Ang proyektong ito na pinamagatang “Voices of a Decade: Critical Perspectives on the Dekada ’70” ay inilaan ng Department of Indo-Pacific Languages and Literature, katuwang nito ang pamunuan ng Katipunan Club upang maipakita ang galing at kakayahang sumuri ng pelikula ng mga estudyante. Ang mga presentasyon ay naghandog ng iba’t ibang paraan ng pagsusuri sa mga panlipunang suliraning ibinangon ng pelikula noong dekada 1970 sa ilalim ng Martial Law ni diktadurang Ferdinand Marcos. Tinalakay ng mga estudyante ang mga isyu ng kasaysayan, papel ng kasarian sa lipunan, at ang pakikibaka ng mga kabataan sa panahon ng Martial Law. Ang mga presentasyon ay naglahad din ng mga katunayang nagpapatunay sa mga karahasang dulot nang pamamahala ng militar sa buong bansa. Higit sa lahat, nagtuon ng pansin ang mga mag-aaral sa mensaheng hatid ng pelikula: ang epekto ng Martial Law sa isang tipikal na pamilya noong dekada 1970. Ang pagpapahalagang ito sa kasaysayan at pelikula ng mga estudyante sa IP368B ay tunay na nagpapahiwatig nang kanilang malalim na kaunawaan sa mga suliraning binanggit.
4 Katipunan Magazin
Ang Pagbibisita sa Farrington High School Jay Kaistner Bautista Noong ika-28 ng Oktubre, nagtungo ang mga mag-aaral sa FIL 401 at iba pang Katipunero sa Farrington High School (FHS). Ang grupo ay pinangunahan nina Kuya Jovanie at Tita Ruth Mabanglo. Layunin ng grupo na mabigyan ng sapat na kaalaman ang mga mag-aaral sa FHS tungkol sa ating unibersidad- kung paano sila makapapasok, kung ano ang mga iba’t ibang oportunidad na naghihintay sa kanila dito, at upang ipakilala sa kanila ang ipinagmamalaki nating Filipino Program at ang Katipunan Club dito sa Unibersidad ng Hawaii sa Manoa (UHM). Ibinahagi namin sa kanila ang mga iba’t ibang akitibidades na ating ginagawa sa Katipunan Club gaya ng mga Piknik, Songfest, at Dramafest. Nagbahagi din sina Tita Ruth at Kuya Jovanie ng isang mensaheng magsisilbing inspirasyon para sa kanila na ang pagaaral ay importante, may pera man o wala. Sambit nila na hindi dapat magiging hadlang ang kawalan ng pera. Tumagal ang sesyon ng tatlong oras at upang mapanatiling alerto at masiguradong sila ay nakikinig, meron kaming mga inihandang katanungan para sa kanila tungkol sa aming mga iprinesenta at makakakuha sila ng premyo kung masasagot nila ito ng tama. Lahat ay nag-uunahan sa pagsagot patunay lamang na sila ay interesado sa aming mga ibinahaging impormasyon at hindi lang sa premyo. Kaya sa palagay ko, ito ay mainam na paraan para matulungan ang mga estudyanteng gustong magkolehiyo dito sa UH. Siyempre hindi magtatapos ang aming pagbisita sa FHS nang walang miryenda. Nagdala
Taglagas 2011
LATHALAIN ang grupo ng mga pagkaing galing sa Golden Coinpansit bihon, pork lumpia, at maiinom. Bilang pagwawakas, naging maayos naman ang aming pagbisita at inaasahan kong sa mga susunod na taon ay makakahalubilo na natin sila bilang mga bagong Katipuneros
Mini Conference in Filipino Joyce Camille Ramano Noong hapon ng ika-9 ng Disyembre 2011 ay ginanap ang “Mini Conference in Filipino.” Sa pagpupulong na ito ay tinalakay ng mga estudyante ng Filipino 301 at 401 ang iba’t ibang mga paksa ukol sa Pilipinas gaya ng kolonyalismo, nasyunalismo, edukasyon, ekonomiya, at lipunan. Dahil ang semestreng ito ay nakaukol sa pagdiwang ng buhay ni Dr. Jose Rizal, ilan sa mga estudyante ay tinalakay ang kahalagahan ng edukasyon ukol sa mga turo ni Rizal. Ang pakikipaglaban at pagpupunyagi ay isa rin sa mga paksa sa pagpupulong dahil si Rizal ay nabuhay sa panahon ng pang-aapi ng mga Kastila. Mahabang panahon ding nasa pamamahala ng mga dayuhan, Kastila, Amerikano, at Hapon, ang mga Pilipino kaya ang ibang estudyante ay tinalakay ang at iba’t ibang mukha ng kolonyalismo noon at ngayon. Nang makamit ng mga Pilipino ang kanilang kalayaan, ang Pilipinas ay nagkaroon ng sariling lipunan na malaki ang kaugnayan sa ekonomiya ng bansa. Bagaman tayo ay nakatira sa Estados Unidos, kailangan pa rin nating pag-aralan ang kasaysayan at kultura ng mga Pilipino upang maintindihan natin ang ating sarili, pamilya, at komunidad. Kapag lubos na nating naiintindihan ang mga kadahilanan na humubog sa mga paniniwala ng mga Pilipino at ang mga pagsubok na napagdaanan o pinagdadaanan ng ating mga kapwa Pilipino, maaari nating gamitin ang mga kaaalaman na ito para tumulong sa pag-unlad ng Pilipinas. Taglagas 2011
Songfest 2011 Philip Sarmiento Tuwing tagsibol, ipininagdiriwang ng programang Filipino at Panitikang Pilipino ang Songfest o paligsahan sa pag-awit. Ipinapakita nang nasabing paligsahan ang husay ng mga mag-aaral ng programa sa paggamit ng wikang Filipino sa pamamagitan ng pagkanta ng mga awiting nauugnay sa isang partikular na tema. Sa semestreng ito, napili ng programa na bigyang papuri Dr. Jose Rizal, ang pambasang bayani ng Pilipinas. Gaya ng nagdaang mga semestre, matagumpay na naidaos noong ika-3 ng Disyembre 2011 sa Art Auditorium ng Unibersidad ng Hawaii sa Manoa ang patimpalak. Sa halos apat na oras na itinagal ng patimpalak, mahusay na inawit (at sinayaw) ng mga magaaral ng programa ang mga awiting nagsasalaysay sa buhay ng mga Pilipino noon at ngayon. Kitang-kita na pinaghandaan at ibinuhos ng mga mag-aaral ang kanilang oras para maging kaaya-aya ang kanilang pagpapakitang gilas sa pag-awit (at pag-arte). Ngunit dahil isa nga itong patimpalak, isang grupo lang sa bawat antas ang pwedeng manalo. Sa 100 level, nakuha ng grupong Champorado ang unang premyo. Ang grupong Hoy Pakinggan naman ang nakakuha ng unang premyo sa 200 level. Ihinarap din sa okasyon ang mga estudyanteng nagmemedyor at minor sa Filipino Language and Philippine Literature na nakakuha ng skolarship mula sa taong sumusuporta sa programa. Ang mga estudyanteng nakakuha ng skolarship ay sina Joyce Camille Ramano (major), Jaime Ray Abad (minor), Alvin Namnama (minor), at Ryan John Mercado (minor).
Katipunan Magazin 5
FIL 401
Samu’t Saring mga Kwento ng mga Pilipino sa Estados Unidos Patnugot ng Klase: Joyce Camille Ramano Guro: Tita Ruth Mabanglo Makaraan ang ilang semestre sa programang Filipino, ang mga estudyante ng Filipino 401 ay napag-aralan ang wika at kultura ng Pilipinas. Sa mga sumusunod na mga artikulo, inilarawan nila ang mga karanasan at pagsubok na napagdaanan ng mga Pilipino sa Estados Unidos.
Ang Baguhang Estudyante Ni Jay Kaistner Bautista Paraiso kung ituring ng nakararami - maganda ang mga tanawin, maganda ang klima, at maganda ang pagtuturingan ng mga tao kahit iba’t iba man ang lahi - ito ang Hawaii. Lupain din ito ng malalaya – ang boses ng mga mamamayan ay pinahahalagahan dahil marami silang karapatan. Ngunit bakit parang hindi yata ito pangkalahatan lalong-lalo na para sa mga kabataan na galing sa labas ng Estados Unidos, kabilang na ang Pilipinas, na pumapasok sa paaralan? Labing-limang anyos ako noong taong 2006 ng dumating ako sa Hawaii kasama ang aking pamilya. Magandang estado sa buhay ang hangad naming lahat. Kasama sa hangaring ito ay ang makapagtapos ako at ang kapatid kong bunso sa pag-aaral. Taglagas noong 2006 ng ako ay unang pumasok sa paaralan dito sa Amerika. Sa katunayan, may diploma na ako sa mataas na paaralan sa Pilipinas ngunit hindi ako pinayagan na magkolehiyo dito dahil masyado pa raw akong bata kaya nilagay nila ako sa ika-labing-isang antas sa paaralan (ikatlong antas sa mataas na paaralan sa Pilipinas). Laking gulat ko na lang nang tinignan ko ang mga klase na kinailangan kong kunin noong semestreng iyon – Algebra II, Ingles (English as a Second Language), at Hawaiian history (ESL). Para sa akin at pati na rin sa sistema ng edukasyon sa Pilipinas, isang napakalaking insulto para ipakuha ulit sa akin ang Algebra II. Kinuha ko ang Algebra II noong ako ay nasa ikalawang taon sa mataas na paaralan sa Pilipinas (taong 2004) at nakakuha ako ng mataas na marka. Paliwanag ng aking tagapayo na sa aking report card galing sa Pilipinas ay hindi daw nakalagay ang Algebra I o Algebra II; Algebra lang daw ang nakasaad. Wala akong nagawa kung hindi kunin na lang iyon. Para sa mga kaklase kong nasa ESL naman, bagaman iyon ay isang magandang paraan para makilala at makihalubilo ang iba
6 Katipunan Magazin
pang mga estudyante na galing sa ibang bansa, parang may diskriminasyon pa rin. Para sa akin ay hindi nahahasa ang aming pag-iisip sa paraan ng kanilang pagtuturo at dahil na rin ito sa kakulangan ng kompetisyon dahil iilan lang kami sa klase. Ganun na lang ba kabulok ang edukasyon sa Pilipinas sa mata ng ibang tao? Makatwiran bang maliitin ang kakayahan ng isang baguhang estudyante sa ibang lupain? Sa aking palagay, kung nakuha na ng isang estudyante mula sa ibang bansa ang isang klase at sa tingin niya ay sariwa pa sa kaniyang pag-iisip ang kaalaman ukol sa klaseng ito, dapat ay pakuhanin sila ng isang pagsusuri gaya ng placement test gaya ng ginagawa sa mga kolehiyo at hindi lang sila basta-basta nilalagay at ipinapakuha ulit ng klaseng nakuha na nila. Diskriminasyon Ni Diana Maramag Simula’t sapul, ramdam na ng mga Pilipino ang diskiriminasyon sa trabaho sa Hawaii. Nagsimula ito noong kasagsagan ng mga plantasyon ng asukal, noong nangangailangan ng murang manggagawa ang mga malalaking kumpanya. Mas gusto ng mga kumpanya ang mga manggagawang Pilipino dahil daw matiyaga at masisipag sila. Ngunit may “hidden agenda” ang mga kumpanyang ito. Ang tunay na dahilan kung bakit mas nais nila ang mga Pilipino ay dahil “uneducated” sila kaya hindi sila makasali sa mga unyon o kahit anumang pag-aalsa. Karamihan ng mga lumipat sa Hawaii ay mga tagaprobinsiya na hindi nakapag-aral, hindi marunong sumulat at bumasa, at lalong walang kakayahang ipagtanggol ang kanilang sarili mula sa diskriminasyon. Kaya naman sinasamantala ng mga Amerikano ang pagkamangmang ng mga Pilipino upang mas mababa ang kanilang pasweldo. Hanggang sa kasalukuyang panahon, ramdam ko pa rin ang diskriminasyon laban sa mga Pilipino dito sa Amerika. Ang mga karaniwang trabaho ng mga Pilipino sa Hawaii ay tagapagpapanatili o tagapaglinis, tagagupit ng damo, nagtratrabaho sa fastfood o mga Certified Nurse Aid -mga trabahong itinuturing na mababa ang halaga. Dahil sa mga trabahong ito at mga naunang Pilipinong imigrante dito sa Hawaii, bumaba na rin ang tingin ng mga Amerikano sa lahat ng Pilipino. Napakalaganap pa rin ng diskriminasyon sa mga Pilipino dito sa Hawaii sa kabila ng mga batas na naipatupad laban sa diskriminasyon. Isang halimbawa ng
Taglagas 2011
FIL 401
diskriminasyon na nakikita ko ay sa mga fastfood sa Amerika. Ang mga nakakatanda nating kababayan ay karaniwang tagalinis ng lamesa o taga-tapon ng mga basura. Bihira lang silang makita bilang cashier dahil hindi raw sila masyadong magaling mag-Ingles o mahina raw sila sa matematika. Kadalasan ay mas mababa ang sweldo ng mga Pilipino kaysa sa ibang lahi gaya ng mga Hapon at Amerikano. Ngunit kahit na marunong kang magsalita ng Ingles at matalino ka, makakaranas din ang isang Pinoy ng diskriminasyon dahil sa kanyang accent. Ayon sa artikulong “Carino v. University of Oklahoma Board of Regents” (750 F.2d 815 [10th Cir 1984]), “the court found that a Filipino man was unlawfully demoted because of his Filipino accent. Regardless of their legality, these language rules serve to remind immigrants of their secondary status and may contribute to employment outcomes that foster work stress.” Mantakin mo edukado na si Carino, isang miyembro ng US Navy at tagapamahala ng dental laboratory sa University of Oklahoma College of Dentistry, pero nakaranas pa rin siya ng diskriminasyon. Mangmang ka man o matalino, basta ikaw ay Pilipino, tiyak na ikaw ay makakaranas ng diskriminasyon. Saanman tayo magpunta, bitbit na natin ang impresyon ng nakaraan. Sa palagay ko, kailangan nating ibahin ang nakaraan. Upang magawa ito, dapat ay umunlad tayo sa pamamagitan ng pagkamit ng edukasyon at taas noong ipakita sa buong mundo na nagkakaisa tayo. BAKIT GANUN?: Mga Tanaw ng Bagong Salta sa Hawaii Ni Julius Ray Paulo Ika-labing dalawa ng Enero, labing apat na taon na ang nakaraan, nang napadpad ang isang batang taga-bundok sa kaharian ng hula. “Ano itong mga sinasabit ninyo sa leeg ko?” ani niya. Hindi siya sanay sa mga lei na binibigay sa mga bagong dating. Ang alam niya lang na kuwintas na bulaklak ay gawa sa sampaguita at ginagamit lamang ito bilang alay sa altar. Ngunit kahit ganoon ay masaya pa rin siya dahil muli na niyang nakapiling ang kanyang pamilya. Pagkaraan ng ilang linggo, pumasok siya sa isang bagong paaralan. “Pwede ba talagang ganito ang suot ko?” tanong niya. Ang suot niya ay t-shirt at shorts lamang. Nasanay na siya sa puting uniporme na may logo ng kaniyang dating eskuwelahan. At nang siya ay nagmasidmasid, labis siyang nagtaka sa mga suot ng kapwa niyang mag-aaral. Sa halip na medyas at sapatos, naka-tsinelas lamang ang mga ito. At ang mga iba pa ay nakayapak lamang kahit sa paglalakad mula sa silid-aralan patungong kubeta. Pagdating ng tanghali, walang umuuwi sa kanikanilang tahanan. Lahat ng mga mag-aaral ay pumupunta lamang sa kapiterya. Nagulat pa ang bata nang makita niyang nakayapak pa rin ang iba niyang mga kaklase! “Ganun ba talaga dito?” tanong niya sa sarili habang nakapila sa kainan. Nang maabot na niya ang dulo, labis siyang nadismaya. “Nasaan na ang kanin?? At bakit gatas ang inumin?!” Hindi
Taglagas 2011
pa rin siya sanay sa pagkaing banyaga na sa araw na iyon ay taco, tater tots, mga dalandan, at gatas na tsokolate. Kinahapunan lang ay inalok siya ng kanyang tiyuhin ng poke at iba pang pupu na hindi niya kinayang kainin. “Poke at pupu? Nakakasuka naman yung tawag diyan! Bakit niyo ako pinapakain ng eng-eng ng babae at ebak?” sabi ng nandidiring bata. At nang araw na iyon sa kapiterya, hindi pa rin siya makakain. Buti na lang at may nagsabi nang “Eh, I like your tots” sa kanya at hindi nasayang ang kanyang pagkain kahit na hindi naintindihan ng bata ang sinabi ng kaklase. Isa pa ang wika sa mga nakapagpabagabag sa kanya. Marunong siyang mag-Ingles ngunit hindi niya maintindihan ang mga pinagsasasabi ng mga nakapalibot sa kanya. Kung isasalin ang “Maraming mansanas doon,” hindi nila sinasabi na “There are many apples there.” Sa halip, “Get choke apples ovah der” ang sinasabi nila. “Choke? Bakit nila sasakalin ang mansanas?” tanong ng bata. “At bakit lickens ang tawag nila kung binubugbog sila? Hindi ba “dilaan? iyon? At paano naging grindz ang pagkain? At hindi ba soccer player ng Brasil si Pele? Paano siya naging diyosa?” Litong-lito ang bata sa kanyang kapaligiran. Walang makapagbigay ng sagot sa mga tanong niya. Napakaiba talaga ng Hawaii kumpara sa kanyang pinagmulan. Walang gana sa pag-aaral ang karamihan sa mga batang kaedad niya. Kakaiba ang kanilang pananalita ng Ingles. Pati na rin sa agahan at tanghalian ay iba ang kanilang kinakain. Damangdama ng bata ang culture shock na dulot nang pagdayo sa banyagang lupain. Ngunit naging maayos naman ang paglaki ng bata. Natuto siyang makisama at makitungo sa ugaling lokal. At naging mabuti ang kanyang kinahinatnan. Paano ko ito alam? Dahil ang batang iyon ay ako. Hip-hop at ang mga Pilipino sa Estados Unidos Ni Joyce Camille Ramano Ating maaaninag na ang mga Pilipino ay likas na mahilig sa sining dahil ang mga programa sa telebisyon ay puno ng mga sayawan at kantahan at tayo ay mahilig mag-karaoke. Dahil sa ating hilig sa pagkanta, natural lamang na ang kagamitan ng sining ay pinalawak ng mga Pilipino upang mas maging makabuluhan ito. Ang mga Pilipino sa Estados Unidos ay ginagamit ang hip-hop upang ipahayag ang kanilang mga paghihirap at mga tagumpay bilang isang komunidad. Layunin nila na imulat ang mga mata ng mga Pilipino sa Estados Unidos at buhayin ang kanilang diwa ng nasyunalismo. Isa sa mga tanyag na artista ng hiphop ay si Allan Pineda Lindo Jr. o Apl.de.ap ng Black Eyed Peas. Inilunsad ni Apl.de.ap ang “We Can Be Anything,” isang kampanya para sa pagtataguyod ng kalidad na edukasyon sa Pilipinas. Layunin ng kampanyang ito na makalikom ng donasyon na magagamit para sa pagpapatayo ng mga silid-aralan sa mga paaralan sa Pilipinas. Ang kampanyang ito ay isinulong kasabay ng kantang “We Can Be Anything” na nagsasaad, “Get an education, change you situation. Get your
Katipunan Magazin 7
FIL 401
graduation, earn your occupation.” Naniniwala ang artista na ang edukasyon ay magbubukas ng maramig pintuan tungo sa kaunlaran. Sa paggamit ng kanyang musika para sa pagpapalaganap ng kanyang mga ideolohiya, naibabahagi niya sa mga Pilipino sa Estados Unidos ang mga isyu ukol sa kakulangan ng mga paaralan sa Pilipinas at naiimpluwensiyahan niya ang kanilang mga paniniwala. Sa kabilang dako, si Rocky Rivera ay isang Pilipinang emcee na kilala sa kanyang mga awitin na naglalawarawan ng kasaysayan at mga hamok sa buhay ng mga Pilipino sa Estados Unidos. Si Rocky Rivera ay nagsimula bilang isang manunulat ngunit hindi siya makapagsulat ukol sa representasyon ng mga Pinay sa hiphop dahil sa kakulangan nila sa industriya kaya pinasok niya ang industriyang ito. Sa awiting “Heart,” isinalaysay ni Rocky ang kwento ng kagitingan ng mga babae sa kasaysayan ng Amerika. Inilahad niya ang kwento ni Gabriella Silang na nagpatuloy ng pakikibaka nang namatay ang kanyang asawang si Diego Silang sa isang himagsikan. Si Gabriella Silang ay isang simbolo ng kagitingan at lakas ng mga Pilipina kaya sa pag-awit ukol sa kagitingan ni Gabriella Silang, pinapalakas niya ang loob ng mga Pilipina upang sundin nila ang kanilang mga mithiin. Bagaman ang layunin ng mga Pilipino sa paglipat sa Estados Unidos ay umunlad sa buhay, sila ay nagmamalasakit pa rin sa kanilang mga kapwa Pilipino sa Estados Unidos at sa Pilipinas kaya ginagawa nila ang kung anuman ang makakaya nilang itulong sa pagsasaayos ng kapakanan ng mga Pilipino. Dahil sa likas na hilig ng mga Pilipino sa sining, ang karamihan sa kanila ay ginagamit ang kanilang musika sa pagpapalaganap ng kaalaman ukol sa komunidad ng mga Pilipino sa Estados Unidos upang malutasan ang mga suliranin para umunlad ang komunidad. Saloobin ng mga Bagong Saltang Kabataan Ukol sa Kolehiyo Ni Philip Cezar Sarmiento Galing ako sa isang pamilya na pinahahalagahan ang edukasyon. Sinabi sa akin ng aking mga magulang na wala silang yamang maipamamana sa akin kung hindi ang isang magandang edukasyon. Ginawa ko ang lahat upang matupad ang ninaais ng aking mga magulang. Nagtapos ako ng elementarya at hayskul sa mga kalidad na eskwelahan sa Pilipinas at maging dito sa Hawaii. At ngayon, maligaya ako na malapit ko nang matapos ang aking artium. Hindi man halata, mahilig talaga ako sa pag-aaral. Nalilibang ako kapag ako ay nagsusulat at nagbabasa ng kung anu-ano. Sana, ganoon din ang saluobin ng mga bagong saltang kabataan mula sa Pilipinas. Hindi maikakaila na maraming imigranteng Pilipino mula sa Pilipinas ang dumadating dito sa Hawaii taun-taon upang makapagsimula ng bagong buhay. Malaking porsyento sa mga dumadating ay mga kabataang katulad ko. Oo, nagaaral sila sa elementarya at hayskul dahil kailangan nilang gawin iyon. Isa kasi ito sa mga batas dito sa Estados Unidos, hindi lang sa Hawaii, na makapagtapos ang lahat ng kabataan
8 Katipunan Magazin
ng kahit hayskul man lang. Pero pagkatapos ng hayskul, napansin ko na hindi na sila tumutungo sa kolehiyo. Ang ilan sa mga dahilan nila ay: wala silang pera, hindi sila bihasa sa wikang Ingles, at pakiramdam nila ay mahirap ang buhay kolehiyo dito sa Amerika. Magastos ang kolehiyo; Ito ang pangunahing dahilan kung bakit ayaw magkolehiyo ng mga bagong saltang kabataan. Hindi biro ang gastos. Malaking pera ang kailangang gastusin para sa kolehiyo at dahil dito ay marami ang nawawalan ng loob na magkolehiyo. Pero sa aking palagay, hindi naman hadlang ang pera kung ang isang tao ay buo ang loob na makatapos ng pag-aaral dahil marami namang paraan upang ito ay matustusan. Unang-una, pwede namang humingi ng tulong mula sa gobyerno sa pamamagitan ng financial aid. Mayroon ding mga iskolarsyips. Sa katunayan, napakaraming libreng pera para matustusan ang gastos sa kolehiyo. Ang problema lang ay walang naghahanap. Ang pangalawang dahilan kung bakit hindi tumutungo sa kolehiyo ang karamihan ng mga bagong saltang kabataan ay nararamdaman nilang hindi sila bihasa sa wikang Ingles. Maraming imigrante ang galing sa mga probinsya sa Pilipinas at hindi naman talaga sila nag-Iingles (gaya ng mga tao sa mayayamang parte ng Maynila). Oo, siguro naman ay marunong silang magsalita ng ingles pero siguro ay basic lang. At dahil alam nilang Ingles ang wika na gamit sa patuturo, pagsasalita, at pagsusulat sa kolehiyo, baka nawawalan sila ng loob na magkolehiyo dahil nga hindi sapat ang kanilang kakayahang maipahayag ang kanilang sarili sa wikang Ingles. Sa aking palagay, hindi rin ito hadlang upang hindi sila magkolehiyo dahil marami rin namang paraan upang maging mas bihasa sila sa Ingles. Marami ding bagong saltang Hapon, Intsik at Koreano na sa tingin ko ay mas mababa pa ang nalalaman sa nasabing wika ngunit porsigido silang makatapos ng kanilang pag-aaral. Ang pangatlo at huling dahilan kung bakit ayaw magkolehiyo ng mga bagong saltang kabaataan ay may paniniwala sila na mahirap ang kolehiyo. Hindi nga naman biro ang kumuha ng apat hanggang anim na kurso arawaraw. Aaminin ko, ako man ay nahihirapan lalo na at napakaraming mga takda. Pero lahat naman sa mundong ito ay talagang mahirap gawin. Pero kailangan pa ring gawin dahil ito naman ay para sa ikabubuti ng sarili o nang lahat. Mahirap ang kolehiyo pero sino ba naman ang may sabing hindi pwedeng humingi ng tulong? Kaya nga nandiyan ang ating mga butihing guro, hindi ba? Tunay ngang isang malaking hamon ang pagkokolehiyo para sa mga bagong saltang kabataan dahil sa mga dahilang nailahad. Hindi ko sinasabing masama kung pipiliin nilang huwag magkolehiyo. Kung ikaliligaya nila iyon, bakit ko naman sila tututulan? Gayunpaman, ang kolehiyo ay isang magandang oportunidad upang matutunan ang mga karunungan na hindi maaring makuha kung saansaan. Kapag nakamit ang inaasam na degree, tiyak na maraming pintong magbubukas para sa magandang hinaharap. Ika nga ng mga iskolar, “nothing beats formal education.”
Taglagas 2011
FIL 301—01
Pagiging Pilipino Patnugot ng Klase: Nozomi Tanaka at Joneal Altura Guro: Kuya Jovanie De La Cruz Alam mo ba ang kasaysayan ng Pambansang Awit ng Pilipinas at kung paano nito inilalahad ang pagsusumikap ng mga Pilipino upang makamit ang kalayaan? Ano ba ang isyung regionalismo sa Pilipinas? Bakit mayroong mga Alamat at ano ang ipinapakita nito sa kulturang mayroon ang mga Pilipino? Nag-aral ang mga Katipunero sa FIL 301 Seksyon 1 tungkol sa kasaysayan ng sinaunang Pilipinas at modernong Pilipinas itong semestre. Tinalakay din namin ang tungkol sa identidad at kaakohan ng mga Pilipino. Makikita dito sa mga artikulong aming isinulat bilang mag-aaral ng Filipino ang mga kaalamang aming natutunan.
Nozomi Tanaka Noong 1898, ikinomisyon si Julian Reyes Felipe ni Heneral Emilio Aguinaldo, unang Presidente ng Pilipinas, na likhain ni Julian ang isang pambansang martsa. Kaya walang titik o letra ang Pambansang Awit sa simula. Noong 1899, isinulat ni Jose Palma y Velasquez ang unang titik ng Pambansang Awit ng Pilipinas, pero ginamit niya ang Espanyol. Nagkaroon ng bersyon sa wikang Ingles nang masakop ng mga Amerikano ang Pilipinas. Noong 1943, nang masakop ng mga Hapon ang Pilipinas, gumawa sina Ildefonso Santos at Julian Cruz Balmaceda ng bersyong Tagalog. Hanggang hindi ko nabasa ang artikulo sa Bahaghari, hindi ko nalaman ang martsa ng komposisyon ng Pambansang Awit. Gusto ko ang Pambansang Awit ng Pilipinas dahil malakas at matapang ang komposisyon. Hinihikayat ako kailanman na makinig sa Pambansang Awit ng Pilipinas, sapagka’t ang wakas ay tungkol sa kalayaan ng bansa. Hindi ko alam na nagkaroon ng bersyong Espanyol at Ingles. Talagang nakakakumbinsi ang artikulo. Ibinigay nito sa akin ang bagong pananaw tungkol sa kasaysayan ng Pilipino, ngunit hindi ako sumasang-ayon sa talakayan sa klase dahil sa dalawang kadahilanan. Una, hindi ko iniisip na nilikha ng kolonisasyon ang kultura ng Pilipinas. Totoo na nagkaroon ng impluwensiya ng Espanya at Amerika, pero ang kultura at identidad ng Pilipino ay orihinal. Halimbawa, katulad ng Pilipinas, mayroong impluwensiya ng Espanya at Amerika sa Mehiko. May katulad sa pagkain, pagdiriwang, at relihyon (Katoliko) sa dalawang bansa. Ngunit mga ibang bansa ang Pilipinas at Mehiko. Ito’y dahil mayroon nang kultura, tradisyon, identidad, at kasaysayan ang Pilipinas bago dumating ang mga Espanyol sa Pilipinas. Ang batayan ng kultura ay kultura ng Pilipinas, at kinuha ng mga Pilipino ang kultura ng Amerika at Espanyol upang lumikha ng bagong kultura, identidad, at tradisyon. Ikalawa, ayon sa artikulo, ang pangunahing layunin ng isang pambansang awit ay “pagkakaisa ng mga Pilipino at ang kanilang pagiging isang bansa sa
Taglagas 2011
pamamagitan ng iisang awit,” pero hindi ako sang-ayon dito. Hindi wika ng Pilipinas ang Espanyol at Ingel na siyang mga wikang ginamit sa orihinal na komposisyon. Bagaman may maraming salin ang Pambansang Awit, nagkakaisa ang mga Pilipino at nagiging isang bansa. Mula sa kanilang pambansang awit ibinabahagi nila ang kasaysayan ng mga labanan nangyari para sa kalayaan at dumanas sila ng hirap nang sabay-sabay.
Raquel Sarah Raneses at Joneal Anthony Altura Ang Lupang Hinirang ay kasaysayan ng mga ninuno natin – ang kagitingan at katapangan na ipinanglaban sa mga mananakop at mang-aapi upang makamtan ang kalayaan ng ating bayan, ang Pilipinas. Ito ay madamdaming kuwento ng pagnanais na makalaya sa kamay ng mga banyaga o mangaapi. Dahil sa hirap ng buhay sa kawalan ng katarungan at hindi pantay patay na pamamalakad sa kabuhayan lumaban ang ating mga bayani. Sa pamamagitan ng paniniwala, paninindigan at lakas, ang mga tao ay nagkaisa. Sa pamamgitan ng tiyaga, pagsisikap, sipag, ang paghihirap ay napalitan ng kalayaan at kaligayahan ng bawat mamamayan. Ang Lupang Hinirang ay habang buhay na simbolo ng pagunlad, ang pakikipagdigma dahil sa bayan at ang kagitingan ng mag ninino natin. Naniniwala ako sa nilalaman o minsahe ng Lupang Hinirang, dahil ang bawat isa sa atin ay may kakaibang kahulugan sa mga karanasan na ating minana sa ating mga ninuno. Ito ay nagbibigay sa atin ng sense of identity kung saan tayo galing o pinanggalingan. Ipinagmamalaki ko at niririspeto ko na nandito ako sa Amerika pero ang minana ko bilang Pilipino ay buong puso ipinagmamalaki at dinadala saan man ako pumunta. Hindi ko maipagkakaila sa kulay ng balat at hugis ng mukha ko na ako ay Pilipino at ito ay ipinangmamalaki ko. Bilang Filipino American, may dalawa akong pambansang awit: ang Lupang Hinirang at ang Star-spangled Banner. Bawat isa ay nagsasaad ng pagiging makabayan. Ngunit ang malapit sa puso ko ay ang Lupang Hinirang dahil dito ako ipinanganak, ang mga ninuno ko ay galing dito at
Katipunan Magazin 9
FIL 301—01 maaaring isa sila sa mga nakipaglaban sa atin kalayaan. Kahit American citizen ako, ang karanasan ko at kaugalian ay Pilipino. Nagpapasalamat ako sa mga oportunidad na ibinigay sa akin ng Amekika pero ang puso ko ay sa ating sariling bayang Pilipinas.
Jasmine Alkhaldi at Mercado, Ryan John Ang sulatin na ito ay tungkol sa ating pambansang awit na kung tawagin ay Ang Lupang Hinirang. Ito ay linikha ni Julian Reyes Felipe. Ang komposisyon na ito ay unang narinig sa proklamasyon ng kalayaang Pilipino at deklrasyon ng unang Republika ng Pilipinas kasabay ng pagwawagayway ng bandilang Pilipino sa Kawit, Cavite, noong Hunyo 12, 1988 sa tugtog ng Banda Francisco de Malabon. Para sa akin ang ating Pambansang Awit ay may magandang mensahe at ako ay talagang sumasang-ayon sa mga nakasulat dito. Sa teksto na “Duyan ka ng magiting, sa manlulupig, di ka pasisiil” Ang Pilipinas ay isang lugar na may maraming matitibay at matatapang na tao, hindi tayo magpapatalo sa kung sinu-sino mang gustong sumakop sa ating bayan. Sa teksto rin nakalagay kung paano mahal na mahal ng mga Pilipino ang ating bansa at gagawin nila ang kahit ano para lang sa bansa. “Aming ligaya na ‘pag may mang-aapi’, ang mamatay ng dahil sayo”, talagang tunay nga namang magigiting ang mga Pilipino dahil handa silang mamatay para sa kanilang bansa. Tuwing kinakanta ko o iniisip ko ang Lupang Hinirang naiisip ko ang mga sakripisyo ng mga bayani natin noon at ang mga rebolusyon na nangyari na nagpatibay sa ating bansa. Naiisip ko din na marami talagang pinagdaanan ang ating bansa at ang mga kababayan natin noon upang makamit ang kalayaan na ating inaasam. Kapag naririnig ko ang Pambansang Awit ako ay natutuwa dahil din nakamit natin ang tagumpay na matagal na nating ipinaglalabanan at inaasam. Sa kanta sinasabi na talagang matatapang ang mga Pilipino, at sinasabi din kung gaano kaganda ang Pilipinas at magigiting ang mga tao doon. Ang panananaw ng mga Pilipino sa buhay ay magkaroon ng isang malaya at mapayapang bansa para sa mga mamamayan ngayon at sa panahong darating. Talagang kakaiba ang kasaysayan ng mga Pilipino. Ang mga katangian ng mga Pilipino tulad ng pagiging mapagmahal sa bansa ang siyang nangingibabaw sa bansa natin kumpara sa iba pang mga bansa. Tungkol sa ating Pambansang Awit, wala akong mga mungkahi. Para sa akin, ang lahat ng mga salita sa Lupang Hinirang ay totoo dahil dito makikita ang mga nakamit na hirap at tagumpay ng mga Pilipino. Para sa akin isa sa mga magagandang pambansang awit ang 10 Katipunan Magazin
Lupang Hinirang hindi lang dahil sa palo ng tugtog pati na rin dahil sa mga salita ng lyrics na talaga namang ipinapahayag ang kahulugan ng pagiging isang tunay, magiting, at mapagmahal na Pilipino.
Annalynn Macabantad at Nescia Pearl Ponce Ang pamagat ng Pambansang Awit ng Pilipinas ngayon ay Lupang Hinirang. Wala pang mga lirika sa awit noong nilikha ang Pambansang Awit ni Julian Reyes Felipe. Natapos ang pambansang martsa si Julian Felipe noong Hunyo 11, 1898. Tinawag niya itong pambansang martsa Marcha Nacional Filipino. Pagkatapos, si Jose Palma ay sumulat ng lirika para sa pambansang awit. May Espanyol at Ingles na mga bersyon. Noong 1943, insinalin ang pambansang awit sa Tagalog. Itong salin ang Lupang Hinirang ngayon. Sumasang-ayon ako sa sinabi ng artikulo kasi kasaysayan ng Pilipinas ang Pambansang Awit. Sinabi ng artikulo na Espanyol ang unang bersyon. Kahit sumasangayon ako sa karamihan na artikulo, sa palagay ko, hindi kailangan ng Pambansang Awit sa Ingles. Itong awit ay para sa Pilipinas, kaya, hindi kailangan ng Ingles na bersyon. Sa palagay ko, mas mahalaga ang Filipino o Tagalog na bersyon kasi pambansang wika ng Pilipinas ang Tagalog. Habang binabasa ko ang artikulo, nadama ko ang kahulugan ng pagmamalaki kasi ang Pambansang Awit ay tungkol sa mga bayani, giyera, at Pilipinas. Naisip ko ang mga paghihirap ng mga Pilipino. Mahirap ang buhay sa Pilipinas at maraming giyera at rebolusyon sa Pilipinas noon. Mas proud ako tuwing inaawit ang Lupang Hinirang kaysa sa Star Spangled Banner. Mas malapit sa puso ko ang Lupang Hinirang kasi mula sa Pilipinas ang pamilya ko at sa Tagalog ang Lupang Hinirang. Habang binabasa ko ang artikulo, iniisip ko kung saan ako nagmula. Ipinagmamalaki ko na Pilipino ako.
Kathleen-Leigh Balayan at Rommel Vargas Si Julian Reyes Felipe ang unang lumikha ng komposisyong Pambansang Awit dahil ikinomisyon siya ni Heneral Emilio Aguinaldo noong Hunyo 11, 1898. Ang pamagat nitong kantang ito ay Marcha Magdalo pero pinalitan ito at tinawag na Marcha Nacional Filipino. Itong kantang ito ay ginamit kasabay ng pagpapahayag ng kalayaan at deklarasyon ng unang Republika ng Pilipinas sa Kawit Cavite, noong Hunyo 12, 1898. Si Jose Palma y Velasquez naman ay ang unang nagbigay ng titik ng pambansang awit sa wikang Espanyol. Ang pangatlong bersyon ng ating Pambansang Awit ay sa wikang Ingles. Sina Paz Marquez Benitez, Camilo Osias, at Taglagas 2011
FIL 301—01 M.A. Lara ang nagsalin sa Ingles ng kanta. Itong bersyong ito ay nanalo sa isang pandaigdigang paligsahan sa Boston noong 1918. Ang kasalukuyang bersyong Pilipino ay hindi nagawa hanggang 1943 na ginawa nila Ildefonso Santos at Julian Cruz Balmaceda. Ang masasabi namin ay bakit pa tayo naghintay ng 1943 bago magkaroon nang Pambansang Awit sa ating wika. Maganda naman ang ating wika, pero bakit kailangan pang dumaan sa Espanyol at mas lalo pa pagkatops ng isang Ingles na bersyon. Iyon siguro ang mas masakit, ang pagkakaroon ng isang Pambansang Awit na hindi nating wika. At ang ating debate kung ano ang mas magandang sabihin, Ang pumatay nang dahil sa ‘yo o Ang mamatay nang dahil sa ‘yo. Gaya nang sinabi namin noon sa klase, kung sabihing “ang pumatay nang dahil sa ‘yo,” parang sinasabi mo na ang klase ng ugali mo ay parang marahas at gusto mong pumatay dahil so isang layunin. Ang likas na pagkataong Pilipino ay hindi marahas, hindi gaya nang sinasabi ng mga Kastila at mga Amerikano, kaya mas magandang pakinggan kung ang huling linya ay ang mamatay nang dahil sa ‘yo. Huwag na tayong pumatay kung hindi naman kailangan.
Mike Aldrine Poscablo at Jamie Ray Abad Ang pambanssang awit ay napakahalaga sa bawat bansa sa buong mundo. Isa itong makabayang kanta na ipinapakita ang kasaysayan, ang tradisyon at ang mga labanan na naranasan. Isa rin itong kakanyahan ng mga Filipino kahit nasaan sa mundo. Ang pambansang awit ay sumasalamin sa kaakunan para sa lahat ng mamamayang naniniwala sa kahalagahan nito. Habang may pambansang kaganapan, kagaya ng Olympics ito ay kinakanta para alam ng mga tao na kung sino ang nakikipagpaligsahan. Ito ay importante rin para sa pagkakaisa ng mga tao sa bansa. Sa tingin ko, ang pambansang awit ay totoong parang kakanyahan ng mga Filipino. Kapag ako mismo ang kumakanta o nakikinig ng ating pambansang awit nararamdaman ko ang puri para sa ating bansa. At ito ay dahil sa mga larawan na binabanggit sa pambansang awit, kagaya ng mga pagdurusa at labanan na nagyari para lamang sa kalayaan ng bansa. At “sa dagat at bundok sa simoy at sa langit mong bughaw,” parang ipinipintura sa aking ulo ang aking pagkakabata sa Pilipinas. Kapag ito ay aking naririnig o binbabasa, natatandaan ko ang mga paligid sa aming baryo, ang mga bukid at bundok, mga daloy at mga puno at halaman, ang mga hayop at ang kagandahan ng paglubog ng araw. Pero ang pinakaimportanteng natatandaan ko ay lahat ng mga tao sa aming bayan: mga pamilya’t kaibigan, ang pagkatao at ugali ng bawat isa. Taglagas 2011
Kahit gaano man kalayo, nasa isip at damdamani ko pa rin ang aking tinubuang-bayan. Napakaganda ang awit ng Lupang Hinirang, habang pinapakinggan ko ito, naiintindihan ko ang dahilan na kung bakit napakalaki ang pagpupuri ng mga Pilipino sa bansang Pilipinas. Nakatatak ito sa aking puso magpakailanman, mula noong bata pa ako, habang inaawit bago magsimula ang eskuwela. Araw-araw, nakapila kaming lahat na estudyante sa labas. Napakalinis at deretso ang linya parang sundalo na nakatayo sa harap ng bandila, at kung kahit man bata pa kaming lahat, talagang nakikita na namin kong gaano kahalaga ang pambansang awit. Sa tingin ko ito ay para igalang at ipagmalaki naming lahat ang awit na Lupang Hinirang. Ipinagmamalaki ko ang ating pambansang awit, kahit gaano man kalayo ang pinuntahan ko. Nasa puso’t damdamin ko pa rin ang kahulugan ng himig at awit ng Lupang Hinirang. Higit sa lahat, ang pambansang awit ay pinaka importante sa buong mundo. Ito ay naging kakanyahan sa bawat isang tao kung sino man o saan nanggaling. Para alam ng buong mundo kung gaano kalaki ang pagmamahal ng isang tao sa kanyang bansa. Dito rin ipinapakilala ang identidad ng tao, kagaya ng pambansang awit na ipinapakita na ang mga Filipino ay taong hindi sumusuko at hindi tumatalikod para sa kalayaan ng ating bansa.
Joan Ramos Ang reaction paper ko ay tungkol sa pahapyaw na kasaysayan ng Pilipinas. Mula sa paksang ito ay napagaralan ko kung paano nabuo at kung sino-sino ang mga nagbahagi sa pagbuo ng pambansang awit ng Pilipinas na pinamagatang Lupang Hinirang. Tatalakayin ko rin ang aking sariling opinyon tungkol sa basahing ito. Ako ay sumasang-ayon sa pagsalin ng pambansang awit sa iba’t-ibang wika sa Pilipinas dahil hindi lahat ng mamamayang Pilipino ay nakakaintindi at nakakapagsalita ng Filipino. Pero ito ay nararapat lamang gawin kung ito ay para maintindihan ng ibang Pilipino ang ibig sabihin ng binibigkas nilang lirik mula sa pambansang awit ng Pilipinas. Habang binabasa ko ang “Kasaysayan ng Pambansang Awit,” napansin ko na ang pagbuo nito ay hindi madali at dumaan sa mahabang proseso. Natuklasan ko rin na ang unang lirik ng Lupang Hinirang ay Espanyol. Isinalin din ito sa Ingles bago ito isinalin sa Filipino. Nagulat ako noong nalaman ko to dahil inakala ko na agad isinalin ang Lupang Hinirang sa Filipino dahil ito ang pambansang wika ng mga Pilipino at ito ay para sa Pilipinas. Ang paglabas naman ng maraming bersyon ng Lupang Hinirang noong panahon ng martial ay hindi kanaisnais dahil sa ginamitan nila ito ng mga hindi Katipunan Magazin 11
FIL 301—01 magagandang lirik para lang patutsadahan ang regimeng Marcos. Mas maganda sana kung hindi na nila idinamay pa ang pambansang awit at dahil sa ginawa nilang ito parang nawalan na rin sila ng respeto sa Lupang Hinirang na nagsisimbolo ng Pilipinas at ng mga Pilipino. Base dito sa artikulong binasa ko ipinapahiwatig nito na ang mga Pilipino ay mautak dahil naisip nilang gawing inspirasyon ang mga angking kalikasan ng Pilipinas at ang mga pinagdaan g hirap ng mga Pilipino para mabuo ang lirik ng pambansang awit ng Pilipinas. Ang pagsalin ng Lupang Hinirang sa iba’t ibang wikang banyaga ay nangangahulugan lamang na ang pambansang awit ay hindi original at purong Pilipino. Sapagkat para sa akin ang identidad ng mga Pilipino ay may halong banyaga. Sa ibang banda, hindi man galing sa purong Pilipino ang identidad ng mga Pilipino ay hindi rin naman ako tutol sa pagkakaroon ng kaisipang kolonyal ng mga Pilipino dahil may naging magandang epekto ito sa Pilipinas. Dahil sa pagsakop ng mga Espanyol sa Pilipinas ay nagkaroon ng relihiyong Catholic ang Pilipinas ngunit hinaluan din ito ng unang paniniwala ng mga Pilipino bago sakupin ang Pilipinas. Ang wikang Pilipino ay may halo din salitang Espanyol pero ito ay naging parte na rin ng pagiging Pilipino. Ang pamamahala din ng mga Amerikano sa Pilipinas ay nakatulong sa bansa dahil sa natuto ang mga mamamayang Pilipino na magsalita ng Ingles na ngayon ay ginagamit sa buong mundo para magkaintindihan ang mga iba’t ibang lahi.
Roelle Torres, Christine Marie Flores, at Teddy Charles Barbosa
pinagkakaiba ng artikulo ang pagiging Katoliko at pagiging Pilipino. Sa artikulo, sinabi na hindi sina Adan at Eba ang unang tao at hindi kasangkot ang Diyos ng Kristyano sa paglikha ng mundo. Ngayon, parang Katoliko ang karamihan ng mga Pilipino, pero hindi naman iyon ang unang relihyon natin. Ang tradisyonal na relihyon natin ay may maraming bathala sa kalikasan. Pangalawa, ang kawayan ay simbolo ng tradisyon din sa mga Pilipino. Kasi ayon sa istorya, galing ang mga Pilipino sa kawayan , kaya may ispesyal na relasyon tayo sa kawayan. Marami ring bagay na puwedeng gamitin ang kawayan: sa lutuan, sa pagtatayo ng bahay, at iba’t iba pa. Parang simbolo ng mas matandang kapatid ang kawayan sa mga Pilipino at simbolo rin siya sa relasyon sa kalikasan. Noong binabasa ko ito, hindi naman ako masyandong naapektado. Naniniwala ako sa Kristyanong bersyon ng paglikha ng mundo kasi Kristyano ako. Ang tanging nakuha ko sa istoryang ito ay ang mga paniniwala ng aking lahi. Hindi ako sumasangayon sa itong istorya dahil iba siya sa mga sarili kong paniniwala. Hindi ako sumasangayon sa katotohanan ng alamat, pero sumasayang ayon ako na ipinapakita ang totoong tradisyonal na bagay sa Pilipino. Sa ngayong panahon, parang kolonyal ang identidad ng Pilipinas. Ang opisyal na relihyon natin ay galing sa Espanya, ang mga gusali natin ay desenyo ng mga dayuhan, at iba pa. Hindi naman masama na magmoderno ang Pilipinas. Ako rin, hindi naman ako naniniwala sa mga bathala natin at hindi ako nakatira sa bahay kubo. Pero masama kung makakalimutan natin ang tradisyon at ang mga ugat ng pagiging Pilipino. Samakatwid, hindi ako naniniwala sa bersyong ito sa unang babae at lalaki. Pero sa palagay ko, maganda siyang pagguhit ng ano ang ibig sabihin ng pagiging Pilipino. At kung kailangang magmoderno, sana hindi makalimutan ang ugat at identidad natin kasi ito ang dahilan kung bakit tayo iba sa mga ibang mga lahi.
Ang sulatin ko ay tungkol sa dalawang artikulo tungkol sa alamat ng unang babae at lalaki. Sa istorya, mayroong ibon na gustong magkaroon ang mundo ng madadapuan kasi pagod na pagod siyang lumipad. Kaya, pinagaway niya ang langit at dagat at sa katapusan ng away, ang mga hinagis ng langit na bato at pulo ay naging lupa. Natuwa ang ibon at nagpahinga siya sa dalampasigan, pero natama siya sa paa ng isang kawayan na ipinapadpad ng alon. Kaya, itinuka niya ang kawayan at lumabas ang unang babae at lalaki, sina Sikalak at Sikabay. Gusto ng lalaki na magkasal at magkaroon ng anak, pero hindi gusto ng babae iyon kasi parang kapatid sila at mali iyang gawin. Kaya, ikinunsulta nila ang mga bathala at ang mga hayop kung magagalit ba ang bathala kung magkakasal sila. Sa wakas, ikinumbisado ang babae at nagpakasal sila. Sa palagay ko, ang buong artikulo ay pinapakita ang mga bagay na pagiging tradisyonal na Pilipino. Una, 12 Katipunan Magazin
Taglagas 2011
FIL 301—02
Mga Babaylan at OFW Patnugot ng Klase: Alvin Namnama Guro: Tita Ruth Mabanglo TA: Jayson Parba Sa FIl 301 section 2, napag-aralan ng klase ang tungkol sa mga babaylan at mga OFW. Sa artikulo ni Marie Antonette Ramos, ipinaliwanag niya ang kahalagahan at kung paano nawala ang mga babaylan. Tinalakay din ng klase ang mga OFW o mga tinaguriang bagong bayani. Ipaliliwanag nina April Joyce Labrador at Alvin Namnama sa kanilang artikulo ang importansiya at tulong na naibigay ng mga OFW sa Pilipinas at sa kanilang pamilya. Babaylan Noon at Ngayon ni Marie Antonette Ramos Habang itinutulak ng mga kababaihan ang pagkakapantay-pantay nila sa mga kalalakihan, ang mga paksa na pumapalibot sa papel na ginagampanan ng mga kababaihan sa lipunan ay nagbabago. At ang suliranin sa kung sino ang may karapatan na magdesisyon o humusga ay naging sentro na rin ng talakayan. Hindi isang lihim na tayo ay nakatira sa isang mundo kung saan mas dominante ang mga kalalakihan at kung saan ang mga kababaihan ay kadalasang inaasahang magpailalim sa mga tuntunin na inilalatag ng mga lalake. Nuon, ang sistema ng Pilipinas ay hindi ganap na makalalaki. Bago dumating ang Kristyanismo, ang mga kababaihan ay may mataas na katayuan sa lipunan bilang mga babaylan. Ang babaylan ay maihahalintulad sa isang babaeng pari. “Sang-ayon sa monograp na sinulat ni Zeus Salazar (Ang Babaylan sa Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas, Bakas, 1999), tatlo ang pangunahing personahe sa lumang lipunang Pilipino bago dumating ang mga Espanyol. Una ang datu, kasunod niya ang panday, at ang pangatlo ang babaylan, [siya ay] pinakasentral, sapagkat siya ang namamahala ng mga pangangailangang pangritwal (relihiyon), pangmedisina (panggagamot), at pangkultura” (Mabanglo, 2010, pp. 2223). Ang babaylan din ang tagapamagitan ng mundo ng araw, mundo ng mga tao, at mundo ng mga patay at ninuno. Noong mga panahong iyon, ang mga tao ay naniniwala na ang tatlong mundo na ito ay dapat magdugtong upang magkaroon ng magandang tanim at masaganang ani. Dahil dito, ang mga tao ay humingi ng payo sa mga babylan kung kailan at saan magandang magtanim, mag-ani, at mangaso. Kahit tungkol sa digmaan ay maraming alam ang babaylan, kayat humihingi pati ang mga datu ng payo sa kanila. Noong dumating ang mga Espanyol, nagbago ang lahat para sa mga babaylan. Nainggit ang mga pari sa kanila dahil pareho ang papel na kanilang ginagampanan. Ayaw din ng mga babaylan sa mga pari dahil alam nila na matatanggal ang kapangyarihan nila kapag tinanggap nila ang Kristyanismo. Sa katapusan, nasira ang mga babaylan dahil sa mga pari. Sinabi ng mga pari sa mga tao na ang mga babaylan ay mga mangkukulam at mga masamang espiritu. Naniwala ang mga tao sa mga pari at nawala ang mataas na katayuan ng mga babaylan sa lipunan. Naging tagapag-alaga
Taglagas 2011
(L-R) Jayson Parba, April Joyce Labrador, Marie Ramos, Dr. Mabanglo, Alvin Namnama
sa simbahan ang mga babaylan. May mga kuwento rin na naging alipin ng mga pari ang mga babaylan. Hindi lang Kristiyanismo ang dahilan ng pagbagsak ng mga babaylan. Ang teknolohiya ay isang ring malaking rason kung bakit nagbago ang lahat. Dahil sa modernong medisina hindi na kailangang pumunta ng mga taong maysakit sa babaylan upang magamot. Lahat ng mga alam ng mga babaylan ay maaaring mabasa na sa mga libro. Sa ibang salita, nawala ang kahalagahan ng mga babaylan dahil sa pagbabago ng panahon. Ayon sa ilang aklat, mayroong mga babaylan sa paligid-ligid lang at hindi lang natin napapansin. Mataas ang tingin ng mga tao sa kanila noon pero dahil sa persekusyon o pang-aapi na tinanggap nila mula sa lipunan matapos dumating ang Kristiyanismo, pinili na lamang nilang manahimik. Maaaring nagtatago lamang sila bilang manghuhula, ale sa simbahan, o miyembro ng mga organisasyong panlipunan. Importanteng malaman natin ang kasaysayan ng mga babaylan dahil sila ay malaking bahagi ng ating kultura. Ang mga kwentong tulad nito ay maaaring magsilbing paalala na minsan sa ating kasaysayan, ang respeto at kapangyarihan ay pantay na pribilehiyo ng mga kalalakihan at kababaihan; at hindi laging naging makalalaki ang sistemang panlipunan ng Pilipinas.
Katipunan Magazin 13
FIL 301—02
Si Jose Rizal at ang mga OFWs ni April Joyce Labrador
Mga Bayani sa Gitna ng Kawalan ni Alvin Namnama
Kung buhay pa si Jose Rizal ngayon at nakikita niya kung ano ang nangyayari sa Pilipinas, ano kaya ang sasabihin niya? Ang Pilipinas ay nagiging pala-asa dahil ang nasabing bansa ay umaasa sa mga remittances na ipinapadala ng Overseas Filipino Workers o mga OFWs. Dahil walang sapat na trabahong pwedeng pasukan sa Pilipinas, maraming mamamayang Pilipino ay naghihirap at namumuhay sa ilalim ng “poverty level.” At dahil dito, napipilitan silang umalis upang magtrabaho sa ibang panig ng mundo. Kung nabubuhay pa si Rizal, sasabihin niya siguro na kailangan ng pagbabago ang Pilipinas upang masuportahan nito ang kanyang sariling mamamayan upang hindi na nila kailangang umalis ng bansa. Sa bidyong “Juana Change” na makikita sa Youtube, ipinakita ang mga daing ng maraming mga OFWs. Ang mga OFWs ay masisipag na mga Pilipino na handang harapin ang mga mabibigat na pagsubok ng buhay. Pumupunta sila sa malalayong lugar upang mapabuti ang lagay ng kanilang mga pamilya. Sabi ni Juana, “Mahirap mamuhay bilang isang OFW.” Para sa akin, mahirap talagang magtrabaho sa ibang bansa dahil sa kaibahan ng kultura. Kailangan mong makibagay sa lahat ng taong nakapaligid sa iyo. Kailangan mo ring tatagan ang iyong loob lalo na sa mga panahong nakakaranas ka ng pangungulila sa iyong mga pamilya. Ito ay masakit dahil nagtatrabaho ka para sa pamilya mong hindi mo naman nakikita at nakakasama. Minsan, nahihiwalay ang mga OFWs ng maraming taon sa kani-kanilang mga pamilya bago pa nila muling madama ang kanilang pagmamahal. Dahil sa kanilang pagsasakripisyo, hindi maikakailang ang mga OFWs ay ang mga bayani ng makabagong panahon. Ang kabutihan ng kanilang pamilya ang kanilang palaging iniisip, at ito ay kanilang ginagawa hindi para sa katanyagan o karangalan. Hangga’t alam nila na sila ay nakakatulong sa kanilang pamilya, patuloy nilang linalabanan ang mga hamon ng buhay ng bukas ang kalooban. Kung buhay lang sana si Rizal ngayon, alam kong hahamunin niya ang pamahalaang Pilipinas na gawing prayoridad ang pagbibigay ng trabaho sa mga mamamayang Pilipino. Sana ay magsilbing hamon sa bansa ang mga sumusunod na salitang nanggaling sa huling bahagi ng bidyong “Juana Change,” “Kawawa ang bansang walang bayani, pero mas nakakaawa ang bansang nangangailangan ng bayani.”
May iba’t ibang uri ng mga bayani. May mga nagsusulat kagaya ni Jose Rizal, mga nakigiyera katulad ni Emilio Aguinaldo, at may mga tumulong sa mga nasaktan na mga Pilipinong sundalo katulad ni Melchora Aquino. Ang tatalakayin ko ay tungkol sa mga makabagong bayani na ang layunin ay makatulong sa kanilang pamilya—ang mga Overseas Filipino Workers. Ang mga Overseas Filipino Workers o mas kilalang OFWs ay ang mga Filipinong nagtatrabaho sa ibat-ibang bansa. Sila ay nagiging kasambahay, guro, entertainer, at kung anu- ano pa, depende sa trabahong pwede nilang mapapasukan. Ang mga mayayamang bansa, gaya ng Dubai, America, Italy, United Kingdom, at Japan ang karaniwanng nangangailangan ng mga OFW. Mahina ang ekonomiya ng Pilipinas, kaya maraming Pilipino ang nagnanais na makapagtrabaho sa ibang bansa. Limitado kasi ang trabaho o hindi sapat ang kinikitang pera sa Pilipinas. May kalakihan ang kinikita nilang pera sa ibang bansa, at parte ng kinikita nila ay ipinapadila nila sa kanilang mga pamilya. At ang perang ipinapadala nila sa Pilipinas ay nagpapaangat sa ekonomiya ng Pilipinas. Sa ibang banda, kahit na maganda ang hatid ng mga OFW sa ating ekonomiya, mayroon naman itong masasamang naidudulot. Una, nababawasan ang mga skilled workers sa Pilipinas. Hindi maikakailang nakakaapekto rin ito sa produksyon ng mga industriya ng ating bansa. Pangalawa, maraming mga batang Pilipino ang lumalaking wala ang isa sa kanilang mga magulang na pwedeng maging dahilan ng kanilang pagrerebelde. Marami ring pamilyang Pilipino ang nawawasak dahil sa kalagayang ito. Hindi ring maiiwasang malungkot ang mga OFW dahil nawawalay sila sa kanilang mga pamilya. Halimbawa, kapag may sakit ang anak ng isang OFW sa Pilipinas, hindi siya maaaring umuwi. Ang isa pang halimbawa ay ang pag-aalaga ng isang OFW sa anak ng iba, pero hindi man lang niya maipapakita ang pagmamahal niya sa kanyang tunay na anak. Masakit ding pakinggan na may mga kaso kung saang may masamang nangyayari sa kanila. Halimbawa, maraming balitang minamaltrato sila ng kanilang mga amo, hindi pinapayagang makalabas, ginagahasa,, at ginugutom. Marami rin sa kanilang umuwing bangkay na. Ang mga OFW ay tinuturing na makabagong bayani dahil sa pagsasakripisyo nila para sa ikabubuti ng kanilang mga pamilya at ng ating bansa. Kinakaya ang lungkot at tinitiiis ang sakit para lang may maipadalang pera sa kanilang pamilya. Masakit man sa kanila, kailangan nilang kayanin ang kaunting sakripisyo. Hindi maikakailang bayani sa modernong panahon ang dapat ituring sa kanila, at sana darating ang araw na hindi na nila ito kailangang gawin.
14 Katipunan Magazin
Taglagas 2011
FIL 202
Mga Bayani Guro: Gng. Letty Pagkalinawan
Siya ang inspirasyon ng mga Pilipino nagnanais maging arkitekto gaya ko. Gusto kong maging tulad niya para makapagbigay rin ako ng mahalagang ambag sa ating lipunan.
Emilio Aguinaldo (Unang Presidente ng Pilipinas) Nina Tracey Liberato at Victoria Estira
Juan F. Nakpil (Tagapanguna ng Arkitektura) Ni Max Salinas Pinili kong sumulat ng artikulo tungkol kay Juan F. Nakpil dahil nakagawa siya ng maraming arkitektura sa bansang Pilipinas. Si Juan F. Nakpil (nabuhay mula taong 1899-1986) ay isang arkitektong Pilipino, guro at lider ng bayan. Noong taong 1973, pinangalanan siyang Pambansang Lider ng Arkitektura. Isa siya sa walong batang Beterano ng Rebolusyonaryong Pilipino, gaya nina Julio Nakpil at Gregoria De Jesus. Ang kanyang arkitektura ay nagpapakita ng mapanimdim na tradisyon at kulturang Pilipino. Siya ang nagdisenyo ng altar ng 1937 International Eucharistic Congress. Disenyo rin niya ang simbahan ng Quiapo noong 1930 sa pamamagitan ng pagdagdag ng isang simboryo at isang pang kampanaryo orihinal nitong disenyo. Iba pang mga pangunahing ginawa ni Juan F. Nakpil ay ang mga gusali ng Geronimo de los Reyes, Magsaysay, Rufino, Jose Rizal Teatro, Capitol Teatro, Captain Pepe, Manila Hinete Club, Philippine Village Hotel, Unibersidad ng Pilipinas, Pangangasiwa at Aklatan. Siya rin ang nagdisenyo ng muling ipinatayong bahay ni Jose Rizal sa Calamba. Ipinakita sa kanyang arkitektura na ang mga Pilipino ay may natatanging kakayahan sa pagdidisenyo. Taglagas 2011
Ipinanganak si Emilio Aguinaldo noong ika-23 ng Marso, 1869 at nagmula sa isang kilala at mayamang pamilya sa Cavite. Katulad ng kanyang tatay, naging alkalde rin siya sa bayan ng Kawit, Cavite. Naging lider siya ng Katipunan, isang lihim na samahang lumaban sa mga Kastila. Pinamunuan niya ang mga labanan laban sa mga sundalong Kastila at Amerikano. Dahil dito, ipinatapon siya sa malayong lugar. Dahil sa pagpirma niya sa Kasunduan sa Biac na Bato, natigil ang labanan sa mga Kastila at naiproklama ang Kalayaan ng Pilipinas sa kanyang bahay sa Kawit, Cavite noong ika-12 ng Hunyo, 1898. Siya ang naging unang pangulo ng Republika ng Pilipinas sa edad na 29. Dahil sa pagmamahal niya sa bayang Pilipinas, inialay niya kanyang buhay sa pakikipaglaban sa mga Kastila at Amerikano para makamit ang kalayaan ng Pilipinas. Namatay siya noong ika – 6 ng Pebrero, 1964.
Juliån Felipe (Ama ng Pambansang Awit) Nina Precious Arao, Stephany Makizuru, at Chriselle Toguchi Si Julian Felipe ay ipinanganak sa Lungsod ng Cavite, Pilipinas noong Enero 28, 1861 ng mag-asawang Justo Felipe at Victoria Reyes. Noon bata pa si Julian, mahilig na siyang tumugtog ng iba’t ibang tunog. Lalong nahasa ang talento niya sa pagtutugtog dahil kay Leandro Cosca. Nag-aral siya sa Binondo, Maynila at pagkatapos ay nagtrabaho kay Padre Pedro Catalan sa simbahan ng San Pedro Parish sa Cavite. Dito ay tinuruan siya ng pari kung paano tumugtog ng piano. Bukod sa mahusay na pagtugtog ng piyano, kilala rin siya bilang mahusay na kompositor. Siya ang sumulat ng mga awiting gaya ng Cintas y Flores, Aurorita Danga, Moteti al Santesismo,at Un Recuerdo. Katipunan Magazin 15
FIL 202 Dahil sa mga awiting ito, pinagkalooban siya ng karangalang diploma. Higit na nakilala si Julian Felipe dahil sa paglikha niya ng pambansang awit ng Pilipinas. Nalikha niya ang awiting ito dahil sa pakiusap ni Emilio Aguinaldo. Nais ni Emilio Aguinaldo na magkaroon ng awiting magpapakita ng kabayanihan at karangalan ng lahing Pilipino. Unang tinawag na Marcha Filipina Magdalo ang awit na ito at pagkatapos ay pinalitan ng Marcha Nacional Filipina. Unang inawit ito noong proklamasyon ng kalayaan ng Pilipinas noong ika-12 ng Hunyo, 1898, sa Kawit, Cavite. Si Jose Palma naman ang sumulat ng mga titik ng pambansang awit. Ang mga awitin ni Julian ang nagbibigay ng inspirasyon sa mga kompositor at musikero. Dahil sa himig at musikang binuo niya para sa pambansang awit ng Pilipinas, napagbigkis rin niya ang mga Pilipino bilang iisang lahi at bansa. At ito ang dahilan kung bakit binigyan siya ni Pangulong Aguinaldo ng titulong “Direktor ng Banda ng Unang Republika ng Pilipinas.”
Guillermo E. Tolentino (Ama ng Sining na Pilipino) Nina Kristine Duldulao at Jonathan Juan Ipinanganak si Guillermo Estrella Tolentino noong ika-24 ng Hulyo 1890 sa Malolos, Bulacan. Noong bata pa siya, natuto na siyang gumuhit dahil sa kanyang gurong si Ginang H.A. Bordner. Noong 1915, nagtapos siya ng kursong Sining sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas. Dahil sa likas na hilig sa sining, naglakbay siya sa iba’t ibang bansa gaya ng Estados Unidos at Europa. Nabigyan siya ng iskolarsyip ng isang mayamang Amerikanong taga-New York. Nagtamo siya ng mga karangalan sa sining ng iskultura sa Paaralan ng Beaux sa New York. Karamihan sa kanyang mga lahok sa mga internasyunal na ekhibisyon ay nagtamo ng mga parangal at papremyo. Sa edad na apatnapu’t dalawa, napangasawa niya ang isang labing-walong dalaga na si Paz Raymundo. Pinangalanan niya ang kanyang pitong anak ng mga ngalang may kaugnayan sa Pilipinas gaya ng: Liwanag (Nag), Lualhati (Nene), Dalisay (Duday), Soliman (Tingtong), Magligtas (Vambi), Marikit (Ikit), at Isagani (Sonny). Nagturo siya sa Unibersidad ng Pilipinas mula 1935; naging Direktor ng Sining mula 1952 hanggang 1955. Nagsilbi siyang tagapayo ng mga estudyante sa Iskultura gaya ni Napoleon V. Abueva, isang pambansang alagad ng sining. Higit din siyang nakilala dahil sa ginawa niyang iskultura ng bantayog ni Bonifacio sa Caloocan City. May walong gilid ang iskulturang ito na kumakatawan sa 8 probinsyang lumaban sa mga Kastila. Sa paligid 16 Katipunan Magazin
nito, may 23 mga taong naghihirap dahil sa pang-aapi ng Kastila. Natapos ang iskulturang ito noong 1933. Siya rin ay nag-disenyo ng selyo ng Pilipinas at medalya para sa Ramon Magsaysay Award. Naging Pambansang Alagad ng Sining sa Iskultura si Tolentino noong 1973. Namatay siya noong 1976.
Manny Pacquiao (Kampeong Boksingero sa Mundo) Nina Jimmichael Go at Joanne Macan Si Manny Pacquio na yata ang pinakabantog na Pilipino sa buong mundo dahil sa pagiging kampeon niya sa larangan ng boksing. Itinuturing siyang makabagong bayani ng mga Pilipino dahil sa mga karangalang ibinigay niya sa Pilipinas. Ipinagmamalaki siya ng mga Pilipino dahil sa pagiging kampeon niya sa walong dibisyon sa boksing. Sa kabila ng katanyagan at karangalang natanggap niya sa pagkakapanalo niya sa boksing, nananatili pa ring siyang mapagpakumbaba at matulungin sa kanyang kapwa Pilipino. Ibinabahagi niya ang kanyang napanalunan sa kanyang mga kababayan. Maraming tao sa kanyang lugar ang nabigyan niya ng tulong. Nakapagbigay rin siya ng mga tulong sa mga paaralan, klinika, at ospital sa kaniyang bayan. Kahit na maituturing na milyonaryong tao na si Manny, marunong pa rin siyang makisama sa mahihirap at mga ordinaryong tao. Masayahin, matulungin at mapagmahal sa kanyang kapwa, sa kanyang pamilya, at sa Diyos si Manny. Bawat laban niya, makikitang nagdarasal o nagsisimba muna siya. Matagumpay na tao si Manny dahil marunong siyang magtiyaga, may pagsisikap, at pagpapakumbaba. Isa siyang maituturing na bagong bayaning Pilipino na may pagmamahal sa kanyang kapwa at bayan.
Severino Reyes (Ama ng Manunulat ng Dulang Itinatanghal) Nina Troy Apostol at Agaton Pasion Jr. Ipinanganak si Severino Reyes noong Pebrero 11, 1861 bilang ikalimang anak nina Rufino Reyes at si Andrea Rivera. Isinilang siya sa Santa Cruz, Maynila. Ang kanyang maagang edukasyon ay nakuha niya sa institusyong pag-aari ni Catalino Sanchez. Nagtapos siya ng Batsilyer ng Sining sa Colegio de San Juan de Letran, at tumanggap ng Diploma sa Pilosopiya sa Unibersidad ng Santo Tomas. Kilala si Reyes bilang isang Pilipinong manunulat, mandudula at manunulat ng dulang itinatanghal noong unang ikadalawampung siglo. Dahil sa dami ng mga naisulat niyang sarswela, binigyan siya Taglagas 2011
FIL 202 ng titiulong "Ama ng Tagalog Zarzuela". Itinatag din niya ang kilalang magasin ng Liwayway noong 1922. Dito sa mga pahina ng Liwayway, nakilala siya sa kanyang panulat-sagisag na na "Lola Basyang", isang tauhan na ibinatay sa isang kapitbahay niya na ang pangalan ay Gervacia de Guzmán. Ang pamagat ng seryeng nilikha niya ay “Mga Kuwento ni Lola Basyang,” na naging pinakamalawak na basahin na tampok sa magasin. Dalubhasa si Reyes sa Tagalog at Espanyol, at mayroon din katamtamang kaalaman sa Latin, Griyego at Hebreo, at ilang mga diyalektong Pilipino. Dahil palabasa siya, nagagawa niyang makipag-usap sa mga taong may malalim na kaalaman sa relihiyon, pilosopiya, kasaysayan, panitikan, sining at sa mga agham. Noong 1902, itinatag siya ng isang kumpanyang teatro na pinangalanan niya itong “ Gran Compania de Zarzuela Tagala.” Ang zarzuela, o "sarsuwela" sa Tagalog, ay isang dula na may musika katulad sa isang opereta. Isinalin niya sa Tagalog ang mga sarswelang nakasulat sa Espanyol. Siya ang unang sumulat ng sarswelang Tagalog. Noong Hunyo 14, 1902, itinanghal ang dula ni Reyes na “Walang Sugat “(No Wound), na naglalarawan ng kalagayan ng mga Pilipino noong panahon ng rebolusyon. Nagsilbing pambansang inspirasyon ang dulang ito ng mga Pilipino dahil ipinakita rito ang pagkontra ng mga Pilipino sa imperyalismo at pananakop ng mga Amerikano. Nabilanggo si Reyes dahil sa dula na ito. Ang panahong ito ay itinuring na Gintong Panahon ng Sarswela sa Pilipinas. Namatay ni Severino Reyes sa sakit sa puso noong Setyembre 15, 1942 sa sakit sa puso.
Pedro Bukaneg (Ama ng mga Tulang Ilokano) Nina Kathrine Tatlonghari at Jaedee Kae Vergara Si Pedro Bukaneg ay isang importanteng bayani sa Pilipinas noong 1592 hanggang sa 1630. Akala ng mga tao may Itneg siya dahil sa pangalan niyang Pedro Bukaneg. Ang Bukaneg ay sinasabing pinaikli ng “Nabukaan nga Itneg”, ibig sabihin nito ay Christianized heathen. Siya ang itinuring na Ama ng Panitikang Ilokano. Pinalaki siya ng paring Agustiniano sa kumbento ng Bantay dahil natagpuan siya sa ilog na pinag-iwanan sa kanya ng mga magulang niya. Pinagaral at inalagaan siya ng mga pari para maging mabuting tao. Hanggang ngayon hindi nila alam kung sino ang kanyang mga magulang. Kahit bulag siya, marunong siya ng iba't ibang wika tulad ng latin, Iloko at Itneg (Tinggian). Dahil dito, sumikat si Pedro sa pagsulat ng mga tula at isinalin din niya ito sa Espanyol at Ilocano. Taglagas 2011
Si Pedro ang umakda ng kilalang epikong Ilokano na “Biag ni Lam-ang” na binubuo ng 294 na saknong. Kahanga-hanga at kapuri-puri si Pedro dahil kahit na bulag siya nagawa niyang makatuto ng iba’t ibang wika at makapagsulat ng mga tula at mga kuwento. Nakagawa rin siya ng diksyunaryo ng IlokanoEspanyol na maaaring gamitin ng mga estudyante sa kanilang pag-aaral. Bukod doon ay mahusay rin siyang umawit. Ang ipinakita niyang tiyaga at pagsisikap ay magandang halimbawa sa mga Pilipino. Ang mga nagawa niya para panitikang Ilokos ay maituturing ding kabayanihan at pagpapakita ng pagmamahal sa bayang Pilipinas.
Fernando Poe Jr. (Hari ng Pelikulang Pilipino) Nina Mark Pacada at Jefferson Roldan “Isang bala ka lang!” babala ng pulis sa mga duwag na kriminal. Sino ang nagsabi? Si Fernando Poe Jr., nagpanggap na Officer Berting sa pelikulang “Isang Bala Ka Lang.” Hari ng Aksyon at Hari ng Pelikulang Pilipino ang tawag kay Fernando Poe o kilala sa tawag ding “FPJ.” Ang artistang ito ay parang si John Wayne at Arnold Swarzenegger ng pelikulang Ingles. Ang “trademark” niya ay isuot ng diyaket na asul, mga mahabang “sideburn”, at malakas na suntok. Ang mga taong nanonood sa pelikula niya ay tuwang-tuwa. Ipinanganak si Fernando Poe Jr. sa Maynila noong 1939. Isa siyang mestisong Pilipino dahil Pilipino ang tatay niya at Amerikana naman ang nanay niya. Ang tatay niya na si Fernando Poe Sr. ay artista rin, pero namatay noong bata pa si FPJ. Dahil gusto ni FPJ makatulong sa kanyang pamilya, huminto siya ng pagaaral para magtrabaho. Nagsimula siya sa pelikula na isang “extra” at “stuntman.” Pagkatapos, inalok siya na maging “leading man.” Gumawa siya ng pelikula noong 1950 hanggang 2000, at gumawa siya ng mga halos tatlong daang pelikula. Gusto ng mga tao ang mga pelikula niya dahil laging puno ng mga aksyon. Laging bayani ng mahihirap at inaapi ang papel niya sa mga pelikula niya. Ipinapakita ng mga pelikula niya ang magagandang ugali ng mga Pilipino gaya ng pagiging mapagmahal matulungin, matapat, mapaglilingkod, matapangan, at makabayan. Sa pelikula, siya ang laging kalaban ng masasamang tao at kaibigan ng mabubuti. Palagi niyang isinasakripisyo ang kanyang buhay para maipagtanggol ang mga naaapi. Sa simula, maaring siya ang nasugatan, pero sa bandang huli, siya ang laging nagwawagi. Gaya ng sinabi niya sa kanyang pelikula: “Umpisahan mo, tatapusin ko.” Katipunan Magazin 17
FIL 201—01
Maligayang Ika-150 Kaarawan, Gat Jose Rizal! Patnugot ng Klase: Jerome Balbin at Danica Mallari Guro: Tita Irma Pena
Itong taong 2011, ipinagdiriwang natin ang ika-150 kaarawan ng dakilang bayani ng Pilipinas na si Dr. Jose P. Rizal. Si Rizal ay simbolo ng tunay na nasyonalismo at katapangan ng Pilipino. Dahil sa pagmamahal niya sa bayan, siya’y walang takot na nagsiwalat ng mga katiwalian ng mga Kastilang sumakop sa Pilipinas ng higit sa 450 taon. Dahil dito, maipagmamalaki natin siya saan mang lupain tayo manirahan. Bilang pagdangal, kami sa kurso ng Filipino 201 Seksyon 01 ay ipagdiriwang ang buhay ni Rizal sa aming klase sa Webster 113 sa huling araw ng semestre. Sa paghahanda nito, gumawa kami ng “listahan ng panauhin” o “guest list” para sa espesyal na salu-salo para sa ika-150 kaarawan ni Jose Rizal. Ang aming klase ay magtutulungan sa paghanda ng pagdiriwang na ito. Tinanong ng aming patnugot sa klase kung sinu-sino ang aming nais imbitahin, at anu-ano ang aming ihahanda. Ito ang napag-usapan at napag-kasunduan ng klase.
lipunan, naisip namin na siya ang makakatulong sa mga kabataang Pilipino. Sa pagpapakita at pagpapakilala kay Rizal ng mga mukha ng kahirapan sa buhay ng mga kalyeng bata, umaasa kaming makikita niya ang kalagayan ng kabataang Pilipino na malapit sa kaniyang puso. Gaya ng sabi ni Rizal “Ang kinabukasan ng ating bayan ay nasa kamay ng kabataan.” Sa Ingles, “The future of our country is in th hands of the youth.” Mabuhay ang kabataan! Maligayang kaarawan sa inyo!
Anthony Casim
Dr. Jose Rizal
Chelsey Solemaas at Kimberly Agonoy Sa pagdiriwang ng kaarawan ni Rizal, kukumbidahin namin ang mga pobreng “batang-kalye” na karaniwan nating nakikita sa mga lansangan ng Maynila. Ang mga ito’y hindi lang mga nasalanta noong mga nagdaang bagyo, kundi biktima ng mga problema sa pamilya: gutom, kapabayaan, at karahasan sa tahanan. Karaniwan, nakakatakas sila ng bahay sila (kung may bahay man sila) at nabubuhay sa pagpa-parttaym sa lansangan o saan mang kalye. Pitumpu’t limang porsiyento (75%) ng mga bata sa Pilipinas ay mga “kalyeng bata.” Dahil sa laki ng impluensya ni Rizal sa 18 Katipunan Magazin
Para sa pagdiriwang ng kaarawan ni Jose Rizal, sa halip na mag-imbita ng panauhin, nais kong magdala ng pagkain. Tuyo at pansit! Tuyo at pansit? Oo. Nabasa ko sa ilang mga artikulo tungkol kay Rizal na tuyo at pansit ang dalawa sa kanyang mga paboritong pagkain. Dahil sa tagal ng panahong ginugol niya sa paglalakbay sa ibang bansa at pag-e-exile, gusto kong makatikim siya ng lutong-bahay. Sa palagay ko, simpleng tao lang si Jose Rizal natuto siyang magtipid sa buhay. At isa pa, kaugalian ng mga Pilipino ang maghanda ng pansit sa mga salu-salo. Matanda man o bata, Pilipino man o Amerikano, ang pansit ay gusto ng lahat. Hanggang sa kasalukuyan, ang pansit ay akmang pagkain para sa kaganapang ito. Subalit hindi komplete ang piging kung walang lechon, kung kaya’t ipaglelechon din natin si Dr. Rizal dahil ito ang nagpapatunay na isang espesyal na salu-salo. Hindi pagkaing pang-araw-araw ang lechon. Maligayang Bati po, Ginoong Rizal. Taglagas 2011
FIL 201—01 Inah Golez Sa pagdiriwang ng kaarawan ni Dr. Jose Rizal, naisip kong kumbidahin ang aking ama. Pinili ko siya dahil katulad siya ni Rizal sa kaniyang pagiging matapang at maraming alam tungkol sa Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas. Marami silang mapag-uusapan, dahil ang tatay ko’y isang beteranong sundalo. Sundalo siya sa U.S. Army. Ipinanganak siya sa Victorias City, Negros Occidental, Pilipinas. Nang lumipat siya sa Amerika, sumali siya sa U.S. Army upang maitaguyod niya at masuportahan ang pamilya niya. Tulad ni Rizal, ang tatay ko’y maraming karanasan sa pamumuhay sa ibang bayan, at marunong makisalamuha sa mga sari-saring lahi ng mga tao sa Amerika. Kung ipinagmamalaki ni Rizal ang Bayang Pilipinas, ang tatay ko naman ay ipinagmamalaki ang kaniyang pamilya at bansang sinisilbihan. Ang tatay ko ay napakamapagbigay na tao at mapagmahal din sa sariling bayan. Makikilala ng mga tao sa Salu-salo ang hilig ng tatay kong makipag-usap sa mga tao tungkol sa mga usaping pambulitiko, gaya ni Jose Rizal. Magkakaintindihan sila ni Rizal. Siguradong magugustuhan siya ni Rizal. Mayroon sila ng maraming pag-usapan tulad ng mga isyu na hinaharap ng Pilipinas at Amerika. Ang tatay ko’y Sarhento sa U.S. Army at siya ang bayani ng aming Pamilya Golez. Gusto kong ivideo ang Salu-salo para sa kaarawan ni Dr. Jose Rizal, bilang Historian ng Katipunan Club. Maligayang kaarawan sa inyo, Dr. Jose Rizal!
Ilene Cabagbag at Yvette Butac Napili naming kumbidahin ang bagong sikat na mang-aawit na si Charice Pempengco upang makilala ni Rizal ang isa sa mga matagumpay na kabataan ng aming henerasyon. Siya ay kilalang mang-aawit sa Pilipinas at dito rin Amerika. Kinantahan niya ang Pangulo ng Pilipinas at ang mga iba pang presidente sa iba’t ibang mga bansa. Artista rin siya sa “Glee.” Si Oprah Winfrey ay tinuring siyang pinaka-mahuhusay na babaeng manganganta sa mundo. Si Charice ay magandang tularan ng mga kabataan na nagsimula sa simple at ordinaryong buhay, at nagtagumpay dahil sa magkahalong tiyaga at suwerte. Dalagita pa lang siya nang siya’y “nadiscover” sa YouTube. (Magugulat si Rizal sa progreso ng teknolohiya at sa nagagawa ng internet ngayon!) Ang tagumpay ni Charise ay nagpapatunay na ang pangarap mo ay matupad basta magtrabaho ka nang mabuti. Sa araw ng salu-salo, pakakantahin namin si Charice ng mga awiting Pilipino para kay Dr. Rizal. Makakapakinig si Rizal ng magandang boses ng kabataan sa pagkanta ni Charice. Matutuwa siya at maipagmamalaki namin siya sa ating Taglagas 2011
Bayani. Maligayang Kaarawan po, Dr. Rizal!
Justin Arquines at Christian Marquez Kung puwede akong magdala ng bisita dadalhin ko si Manny Pacquiao para makilala niya si Dr. Jose Rizal. Si Kung hindi man siya bayani, si Manny Pacquiao ay kasing popular ng isang bayani. Siya ang numero unong “pound-for-pound” na boksingero sa mundo. Isa siyang sumisikat na pulitiko at kilala rin siya sa pagiging mapagbigay na tao. Hindi lang mga mamamayan ng Pilipinas ang naimpluwensiyahan ni Pacquiao kundi pati na rin ang mga tao sa iba’t ibang bansa na humahanga sa kaniyang kakayahan.. Maraming matututunan si Pacquiao kay Rizal tungkol sa pagiging magaling na lider at sa pakikipagdebate ng mga isyu na hinaharap ng kanilang mga kababayan. Katulad ni Dr. Jose Rizal, si Manny Pacquiao ay nais maimpluensyahan ang mga kabataang Pilipino na sundin ang kanilang mga pangarap sa buhay. Ayon sa paniniwala ni Pacquiao, hindi tayo dapat makontento sa mababang pamumuhay kundi dapat tayong mangarap nang mataas. Dapat hangaring umunlad sa ating buhay. Hinihikayat ni Pacquiao sa lahat na maging mahusay sa lahat ng bagay katulad ng sports, musika, literatura, medisina, at iba pa. Siguradong hahangaan ni Rizal si Pacquiao hindi lamang sa kaniyang gilas ng pagboboksing, kundi sa kaniyang pagmamahal sa pamilya, sa kapwa-tao, at sa bayang Pilipinas. Maraming Salamat, Dr. Jose Rizal.
Jerome Balbin Para sa pagdiriwang ng kaarawan ni Dr Rizal, gusto kong dalhin ang aking paboritong pagkaing Pilipino na sigurado akong magugustuhan niya, sapagkat ito’y resipi ng aking lolo. Pansit at /Gisantes. Ang paraan ng pagluluto ng lolo ko ng guisantes ay napaka-dali at walang idinadagdag na sarsa sa kanyang pagluluto, ngunit ito’y napakasarap at madaling lutuin, Ang mga sangkap ay lamang-baboy, mga gisantes, sili, asin at paminta, at ilang sibuyas. Napakasimple ngunit napakalinamnam. Gayun din ang resipi ng pansit ni Lolo. Wala pa akong natitikman na kasing-sarap Ang ibang natikman ko ay sobrang alat o sobrang tabang. Ang kanyang mga sangkap na ginagamit ay napaka-daling iluto. Bagama’t simpling lutong-bahay at madali lamang lutuin ang mga ito, nagbabalik sa isipan ko ang mga simple at masasayang araw ng aking kabataan sa piling ng aking Lolo. Siguradong maiintindihan ni Dr . Rizal ang ibig kong sabihin. Maraming kuwento ang aking Lolo tungkol sa kaniyang buhay sa Pilipinas bago kami lumipat sa Amerika. Sana kapag Katipunan Magazin 19
FIL 201—01 nagkita kami ni Ginoong Rizal sa salu-salo, maikukuwento ko ang mga ito sa kaniya, --ang buhay ng Pilipino-Amerikano sa Hawai’i. Marami rin akong itatanong sa kaniya tungkol sa mga bagay na paborito niya. noong bata siya. Ano ang paborito niyang pagkain? Ano ang paborito niyang laro? Marami na tayong alam tungkol sa buhay niya bilang aktibista at manunulat, ngunit wala tayong alam masyado tungkol sa kaniyang kabataan, maliban sa isang tula na sinulat niya noong siya ay 8 taong gulang lamang. “Sa Aking Mga Kabata” kung saan linalarawan niya ang importansya ng pagbibigay ng halaga at pagmamahal sa wikang Pilipino.
Philippines Flag 1897
makikinig sa usapan ng kapwang kahanga-hangang lider na sina Cory Aquino at Jose Rizal. Maligayang ika-150 Kaarawan kay Dr. Jose Rizal!
Jordan Rull Kung pupunta ako sa pagtitipon ng kaarawan ni Dr. Jose Rizal, magdadala ako ng maraming pagkain, at isasama ko ang buong pamilya at mga kaibigan kong Pilipino sapagkat ipagdidiwang nating lahat ang buhay ni Dr. Jose Rizal. Sa palagay ko, dapat nating tamasahin ang lahat ng biyaya sa buhay. Bagama’t ang mga Kastila ay binaril si Dr. Rizal bago niya makita ang mga panghabang-buhay na epekto ng mga aksyon niya, nasa ating kamay ang pagunlad ng lipunan. Mahalaga sa kaniya ang edukasyon, kaya tayo’y pagbutihin natin ang pag-aaral upang mapabuti ang kabuhayan at lipunan. Mahalaga kay Rizal ang pag-aaral ng wika. Marunong siyang magsalita ng 36 na wikang banyaga. Kung ganoon ay pag-aralan nating mabuti ang wika ng ating mga ninuno. Huwag nating kalimutan na si Rizal ay namatay sa pagmamahal sa sariling bayan. Ito ang gusto kong malaman ng mga kapwa ko Pilipino sa pagdalo nila sa salu-salo ng ika-150 Kaarawan ni Dr. Jose Rizal. Mabuhay ang Pilipino sa buong mundo! Dr. Jose Rizal, sana’y maipagmalaki din ninyo kami.
Danica Mallari Si Cory Aquino ang gusto kong isama sa birthday party ni Jose Rizal. Si Maria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino ang unang babaeng presidente ng Pilipinas. Noong 1986, hinirang siya ng TIME Magazine na “Woman of the Year” (Babae ng Taon 1987) dahil sa siya ay naging isang bagong simbolo ng demokrasya. Siya ay pinakakilala sa kaniyang pamumuno ng People Power Revolution. Rebolusyon ito laban kay Pangulong Ferdinand Marcos. Dahil kay Cory Aquino, naibalik ang demokrasya sa mga Pilipino. Tulad ni Rizal, si Cory Aquino ay may layuning ibalik ang kapangyarihan ng pamahalan ng Pilipinas sa mga mamamayang Pilipino sa pamamagitan ng pagbabago ng Konstitusyon ng 1973, kung saan ay sapilitang ipinailalim ang buong bayan sa Batas Militar. Si Cory Aquino ay nagsulat ng isang bagong Saligang-Batas kung saan binago niya ang istraktura ng Sangay Executive. Ang bagong Saligang-Batas ay nagbigay-diin sa mga Karapatang Pantao o Human Rights, sa Sibil na Karapatan o Civil Rights, at sa Panlipunan Katarungan o Social Justice. Si Cory Aquino ay tunay na nagtatrabaho para sa kabutihan at kapakanan ng nakararami. Sa salu-salo, siguradong lahat kami ay 20 Katipunan Magazin
L-R Danica Malari, Mark Tiburcio, Jordan Rull, Chelsey Solemsaas, Inah Golez, Joshua Javier, Kimberly Agonoy, Christian Marquez, Ilene Cabagbag, Yvette Butac, and Justin Arquines. Taglagas 2011
FIL 201—02
MGA IBA-IBANG PARAAN UPANG MAIPAKITA ANG PAGMAMAHAL SA BAYAN Patnugot ng Klase: Rachel Paragas at Ariel Sagon Guro: Tita Imelda Gasmen Ang Pagmahal sa Iyong Bansa April De La Cueva, Jonelle Macapinlac at Jason McFarland Paano mo ipapakita ang iyong pagmamahal para sa iyong bansa? Maipapakita natin ang pagmamahal para sa bansa sa pamamagitan ng sipag at pagiging mabuting tao. Maipapakita natin sa lahat na masipag, mabait at mapagmahal sa mga tao. Napaka-importanteng maging mabait sa iyong mga kapit-bahay at tumulong sa lahat sa iyong komunidad. Mahalaga na maging magalang sa mga bisita ng iyong bansa dahil gusto mong ipakita sa kanila na mapangalaga ka rin sa mga taong galing sa ibang bansa. At ipinakikita mo rin ang pagiging hospitable. Kung mahal mo ang iyong bansa, kailangan ding handa kang magsakripisiyo para sa iyong bansa. Halimbawa ang magsilbi sa military, ang tumulong sa mga non-profit organization, o maging handang tumulong sa araw-araw sa mga taong nangangailangan ng tulong. Importanteng panatilihin ang paggamit sa iyong wikang pambansa at ang mga pambansang istorya at ipasa ang mga ito sa susunod na henerasyon. Kung mawawala ang iyong wika at mga istoryang pambansa, ay paunti-unting mawawala ang kahulugan ng iyong bansa. Ang pagmamahal sa iyong sarili at ang pagmamalaki sa iyong pinanggalingan ay pagmamahal sa iyong bansa. Ipagmalaki ang iyong bansa! Paano Ang Pagmamahal ng Bayan Ko? Larry Oliver Catungal Ako ay Filipino na ipinanganak sa London pero ipinagmamalaki ko na ako’y Filipino. Kahit na Ingles din ako, minamahal ko ang Inglatera at Pilipinas. Ngayon nakatira naman ako sa Honolulu, kasi ako’y estudyante sa Unibersidad ng Hawaii sa Manoa. Estados Unidos ang bagong bahay ko ngayon, pero ang pagtatanong ay ‘paano ang pagmamahal ng bayan ko’? Sa palagay ko, naiisip ko na dapat na magmahal tayo ng mga bayan na mas importante sa buhay natin. Napakamakahulugan ng Inglatera, Pilipinas at Estados Unidos ngayon sa akin. Taglagas 2011
Sa palagay ko, maaari nating alagaan ang bansa, halimbawa huwag tayong magkalat at maaaring magrecycle tayo. Ginagamit natin ang bansa para magtanim ng pagkain, halimbawa palay sa Pilipinas, mais sa Estados Unidos, at singkamas sa Inglatera. Maaaring alagaan at mahalin natin ang mga ibang tao, halimbawa ang ating pamilya, ang ating mga kapitbahay, ang ating mga kaibigan, at saka bagong tao. Sa palagay ko rin, dapat na magsaulo tayo ng pambansang awit ng ating bayan, kasi ang pambansang awit ay humahawak ng mga kultural na kahalagahan. Dapat na mag-aral at bumasa tayo tungkol sa kultura ng ating bayan, halimbawa, inaaral ko ng Filipino. Minamahal ko ang Inglatera, Pilipinas at Estados Unidos. Ang Pag-ibig sa Inyong Bansa Linda Nunes at Christopher Gaspar Para ipakita ang pag-ibig sa iyong bansa, kailangan mong pag-aralan ang kasaysayan ng iyong bansa. Paano sila nagpakita sa kanilang pag-ibig ng kanilang bansa at ano ang ilang bagay na nagawa na ang mga tao na may magandang intensyon ngunit mahirap ang resulta? Maalala ng mga nakaraan para mayroon mas mahusay ng hinaharap. Pag-aralan at matuto ka ng pambansang awit ng iyong bansa para ipakita mo ang paggalang at pagpuri para sa iyong bansa. Dapat may isang bayani na kumakatawan sa iyong bansa at isang magandang modelo upang ipinagmamalaki sa bansa mo na nagiging tahanan mo. Huwag lumikha ng giyera pero kung ang iyong bansa ay nagkakaproblema, kailangan mong gawin kung ano ang tama. Ipagtanggol mo ang iyong bansa pero tandaan na ang karahasan ay hindi ang kasagutan. Ang iba-ibang paraan para ipakita ang pag-ibig ng bansa ay ang makinig, magbasa, at manood ng mga kasalukuyang kaganapan. Maging proactive sa iyong bansa dahil kung alam mong ang iyong bansa ay hindi gumagawa ng mabuti, gawin kung ano ang maaari mo magawa para maging mahusay ang iyong bansa. At kung ikaw ay nasa pamumuno, gawin ang tama para sa iyong bansa at sa mga tao at hindi lamang sa iyong mga benepisyo. Ang lider ay dapat tandaan na siya ay hindi Katipunan Magazin 21
FIL 201—02
mas malaki kaysa sa kanyang mamamayan. Gayunman, dapat ding maintindihan na nagkakamali pa rin ang mga tao at hindi perpekto kahit na ang aming lider. Upang tunay na makakatulong sa ating bansa, kailangan kaming lahat ay magkaisa upang makatulong na bumuo at mapanatili ang kapurihan at karangalan ng ating bansa Ang Bansa Mo Shiela Mae Abayon Kung taga-Estados Unidos, taga-Pilipinas, o ibang lugar sa mundo, pinakaimportante na mahal mo pa rin ang iyong bansa. Ipagmalaki mo ang bansang pinanggalinan mo. Maraming paraan na maipakita na mahal mo ang bansa mo. Pwede kang maging makabayan sa paraan na magsundalo sa bansa o maglagay ng watawat sa bahay mo. Kailangang makilahok sa mga gawain sa komunidad sa paraan ng pagboto sa eleksyon at pagbayad ng buwis. Kailangan alam mo ang kasaysayan ng bansa at magbigay ng suporta sa mga pambansang palaro. Dumating kami ng pamilya ko noong taong 1990s galing sa Pilipinas. Kahit nakatira na kami sa US, patuloy pa rin kami sa pagmamahal sa aming bansa. Ang ama ko ay naglalagay ng watawat sa Pilipinas sa kanyang kotse. Ang nanay ko ay mahilig manood ng Filipino channel at saka manood ng bagong balita arawaraw sa Pilipinas. Nagsasalita pa rin kami ng Biyasa kaysa sa Ingles sa bahay namin. Masaya ang pamilya naming manood at magsuporta tuwing may laban si Manny Pacquiao. Ipagtanggol ang Ating Bansa Terrence Duarte Upang ipakita ang pag-ibig para sa ating mga bansa, maaaring ipagtanggol kung ano ang pinaniniwalaan natin sa iba't ibang paraan. Iginagalang ko ang aking bansa sa pamamagitan ng pagtulong sa kapwa kong tao. Ang aking pagserbisyo sa Air Force at iba pang mga organisasyon. Iginagalang ko at sinusunod ko ang mga patakaran na ibinibigay. Hindi ako nagkakalat ng basura sa daan at hindi ako sumisira ng gamit sa aking bansa. 22 Katipunan Magazin
Sinusunod ko ang mga utos ng aking presidente ng walang reklamo. Ako ay handang ibigay ang aking buhay para sa ikabubuti ng aking bansa. Tumulong sa Paglutas ng Problema Leischene Calingangan Pinapanindigan ko na sa tingin ko ay tama sa aking bansa. Kung wala ang mga tao ng bansa ay walang bansa. Ipinagtatanggol ko kung ano ang mga pinaniniwalaan ng mga tao. Ipagtatanggol ko ang taong walang tinig sa lipunan. Hindi ko kailangang pumunta sa labas na lugar at sumali sa mga digmaan. Maraming taong sinusubukan na malutas ang mga problema ng iba pang mga bansa pero dapat muna nating malutas ang ating sariling mga problema. Mayroong maraming ng panlipunang isyu na hindi malutas. Isama ng ilang mga isyu ng kahirapan at mga pagsubok lalo na sa mga minorities. Sa halip ng pagiging malilimutin sa mga problema ng bansa, dapat nating maging mas aktibo sa pakikilahok sa kapakanan ng mga tao na naninirahan sa loob nito. Malayo ang Buhay Sa Pilipinas Antonia Agbannawag at Ariel Sagon Maraming Pilipino ay nakatira dito sa Hawaii o Amerika. Ang layu-layo naman ng buhay at bahay natin sa ating bayan natin. Kahit na napakalayo natin sa Pilipinas, may mga iba-ibang paraan upang maipakita ang pagmamahal sa bayan. Dito sa Amerika, maraming mga tradisyon at kaugalian. Unang halimbawa ay ang pagbibigay ng pasalubong. Kung umuuwi tayo sa Pilipinas, binibili nating ang maraming uri ng masarap na masarap na pagkain gaya ng peanut brittle, pastillas, Boy Bawang, at iba-ibang kendi at meryenda. Ang mga pasalubong ay binibili para ibigay sa mga kapamilya at kaibigan dito sa Amerika. Ikalawang halimbawa ay maraming restawran at ang pagbili ng maraming Pilipinong pagkain; pero mas magaling ang pagkain sa mga bahay kaysa sa restawran. May magaling-galing na restawran dito sa America. Gustung-gusto natin ang pagkain sa Golden Coin, Jollibee, Max’s of Manila, at iba-ibang restarawn dito sa Taglagas 2011
FIL 201—02
Amerika. Ang mas interesante ay iyong maipakita ang pagmamahal sa mga pagkain galing sa bayan natin. Pinoy Ako! Rubinson Intong Jr. at Jam Nicole Cristobal
Sa palagay namin, isang paraan para ipahayag ng pag-ibig sa ating bansa ko ay ipinagmamalaki ko kung saan ako galing kahit saan ako pumunta. Kahit na galing ako sa dalawang bansa, ako pa rin ay magpakundangan na pare-pareho. Kahit na ang Pilipinas ay isang bansa ng kahirapan at matinding paghihirap, maaari kong sabihin na ang mga Pilipino ay masyadong mahuhusay, matatalino, matatapang, at natatangi. Ipakita namin ang aming pagkamakabayan sa pamamagitan ng pagpapahayag at pagtatanggol namin sa aming pinpaniniwalaan. Si Manny Pacquaio ay isang magandang halimbawa. Dapat ipagtanggol namin ang aming karapatan. Ipinagmamalaki na ako ay maging isang Fil-Am. Magtuturo ako sa mga tao ng kultura ng Pilipinas kasi gusto kong silang matuto sa kahanga-hangang bansa ko. Pati na rin ang pagpapakita ng pag-ibig, pagkabukaspalad, pagiging mababang-loob, at pagtugon sa mga
Taglagas 2011
nangangailangan ng tulong. Pag-ibig ko sa Pilipinas, ipinagmamalaki ko na ako ay Filipino. “Kung Filipino ka, ipakita sa mundo, kung ano ang kaya mo. Ibang-iba ang pinoy. ‘Wag kang matatakot, ipagmalaki mo. Pinoy ako, Pinoy Tayo!’ Magsalita nang Walang Takot Daniel Hironaka at Darlene Tomas Nakatira kami sa Hawaii sa Estados Unidos. Gusto natin sa Estados Unidos kasi maraming pagkakataon tayo dito. Ito ay ang sinasabing “American dream!” Dito sa Amerika, halimbawa, mayroon tayong kalayaan ng pananalita. Makakapagpahayag tayo ng mga idea natin sa labas na walang pagkatakot. Pwede tayong magsulat ng sulat sa kongreso para sa bill na hindi natin gusto. Pwede tayong sumalungat laban sa bagay na hindi tayo sumasang-ayon. Halimbawa, ang mga guro ay nagprotesta dahil sa mababang suweldo ilang taon na ang nakalipas. Walang klase para ng mga ilang linggo. Dahil dito, ang pamahalaan ay tumugon sa hiling ng mga guro. Ang pinakamahusay na pagpapahalaga ng Estados Unidos ay kalayaan, kaya minamahal namin ang aming bansa.
Katipunan Magazin 23
FIL 102
PILIPINO PA RIN KAMI KAHIT NASA AMERIKA Patnugot ng klase: Victor Vidal & Ariell Colis Guro: Gng. Letty Pagkalinawan Ipinanganak at lumaki nga kami sa Amerika pero sa puso at isip, mga Pilipino pa rin kami. Dahil dito, sinisikap naming mag-aral ng wikang Filipino, makilala ang kulturang Pilipino, at maisabuhay ang magagandang ugaling Pilipino. Mahal namin ang aming lahing pinagmulan. Ipinagmamalaki namin na Pilipino kami! may mga laro, pagkain, sayaw, at mga palabas na Pilipino. Lagi ring sinisikap ng aking pamilya na makapagbakasyon sa Pilipinas para maranasan ko ang buhay at kulturang Pilipino.
Gusto Kong Magsalita ng Filipino ni Ariell Colis
FIL 102-1: Top Row (L to R) – Shekinah Landicho, Irish Manayan, Victor Vidal, Jhenyn Aquino, Deezerie Pacris, Jennelyn Espejo, Victoria Hill, Letty Pagkalinawan, Mallory Fernandez Bottom Row (L to R) – Bri Lagat-Ramos, Melody Baldonado
Pilipino pa rin ako kahit nasa Amerika ni Jennelyn Espejo Habang lumalaki ako, laging sinasabi ng aking mga magulang na magsalita at mabuhay sa kulturang Pilipino. Bata pa ako ay tinuruan na ako ng aking mga magulang na magsalita ng Ilokano. Kahit mga simpleng salita sa Ilokano lamang ang nalalaman ko, sinusubukan ko pa ring makipagusap sa Ilokano sa aking pamilya at sa Pilipinas. Sinasabihan ako palagi ng aking mga magulang na tawagin ang aking mga nakatatandang pinsan ng “manang” at “manong” at tinuturo ko rin ito sa aking mga pamangkin at mga nakababatang pinsan. Nanonood din ako ng mga pelikula at drama sa Tagalog para makatuto ako ang mga bagong salita. Mas gusto ko ring kumain ng mga pagkaing Pilipino na niluluto ng aking ina kaysa sa mga pagkaing Amerikano gaya ng pizza at burgers. Gusto ko ring pumunta sa mga Filipino festival gaya ng laging ginagawa sa Maui kung saan
24 Katipunan Magazin
Ipinanganak ako sa Amerika. Hindi gusto ng aking mga magulang na matuto ako at ng aking mga kapatid ng wikang Filipino. Panganay ako sa aming magkakapatid. “Manang” ang tawag sa akin ng aking mga kapatid at “Ading” naman ang tawag ko sa kanila. May pananagutan akong alagaan ang aking mga kapatid. Tumutulong ako sa kanilang pag-aaral at nagluluto rin ako ng pagkain para sa kanila. Ang tiyo ko ay guro ng eskrima. Nanonood ako ng klase ng aking tiyo tuwing Linggo dahil natutuwa ako. Maraming Pilipino sa trabaho ko. Lagi silang nagsasalita sa Tagalog. Naiingit ako palagi dahil hindi ako marunong magsalita ng Tagalog. Kumuha ako ng klase sa Filipino sa UH Manoa kasi gusto kong matutong magsalita sa Filipino. Ngayon ay puwede na akong magpraktis na magsalita sa Filipino sa lola ko at sa mga katrabaho ko.
Pilipino Pa Rin Ako ni Melody Baldonado Ako ay ipinanganak sa Hawaii bilang isang Amerikanong mamamayan. Wala ako sa Pilipinas. Hindi ako nagsasalita o nakauunawa ng malalim na wikang Filipino. Gayunpaman, Pilipino pa rin ako. Naniniwala ako na ang isang tunay na Pilipino ay nag-aaral ng kultura at wikang Filipino. Magagamit ito para malaman at mapahalagahan ang lahing pinanggalingan niya. Halimbawa, ang pag-aaral ng wika sa pamamagitan ng pagkuha ng mga kurso sa paaralan o sa pamamagitan ng computer software. Natututunan din ang kultura sa pamamagitan ng pag-aaral ng mga festivals o sa mga aktibidades sa inyong komunidad. Ako, bilang Pilipino, inaalam ko ang pinanggalingan ko at ng aking pamilya. Kahit naririto ako sa Ameriko, Pilipino pa rin ako.
Taglagas 2011
FIL 102 Â Magagandang Ugaling Pilipino ni Mallory Fernandez Pinoy na Pinoy Ako ni Armando M. Langaman Kahit na ipinanganak ako rito sa Amerika, Pinoy na Pinoy pa rin ako. Nagsasalita ako ng Tagalog at Ilokano sa Bahay. Nagsasabit ako ng magandang parol tuwing Pasko. Ang parol ang pinakamagandang dekorasyon sa Pasko. Nagbabasa ako ng mga libro ng mga Pilipino gaya ng Noli Me Tangere at El Filibusterismo ni Jose Rizal. Nag-aaral din ako ng Filipino sa Unibersidad ng Hawaii. Sa palagay ko, magkasintalino sina Jose Rizal at Charles Dickens. At ngayon na magiging tatay na ako, tuturuan ko ang anak ko ng Ilocano at Tagalog. Sa palagay ko, importanteng matutunan ng ating mga kabataan ang ating kultura. PROUD na PROUD akong maging Pilipino!!!
Ipinagmamalaki Ko Na Naging Pilipino Ako ni Deezerie Pacris Ipinagmamalaki ko na naging Pilipino ako. Nagsasalita ako ng Filipino sa bahay at sa eskwelahan. Gusto ko ang mga pagkaing Pilipino gaya ng pansit, adobo, pork and peas at halo-halo. Mas masarap ang pagkaing Pilipino kaysa sa pagkaing Amerikano. Gusto ko ring kumanta ng mga awiting Pilipino. Gusto ko laging kumakanta ng mga awiting Pilipino sa karaoke. Nag-aaral ako ng Filipino sa eskwelahan. Nagsasayaw din ako ng mga sayaw na Pilipino. Gusto ko ang sayaw na Tinikling. Sumasali rin ako sa Filipino Club sa Universidad ng Hawaii sa Manoa. Nasisiyahan ako sa kulturang Pilipino.
Isang Karangalan na Maging Isang Pilipino ni Lisa-Marie Agni Ipinanganak sa isang pamilyang Pilipino. Tinuruan ako ng aking mga magulang na ang pamilya ang pinakaimportante sa lahat. Habang lumalaki ako, prayoridad ko ang maging matapat sa aking pamilya. Ang pakikinig sa aking mga magulang ay mahalagang bagay na natutuhan ko sa kanila. Isinasabuhay ko ang pagiging moral na tao at ginagawa ko ito bilang panganay na anak sa aming pamilya. Hindi ko hinahayaan ang ibang kultura na makasira sa aking nakasanayang kaugalian. Ang Panginoon ang aking laging gabay para maisabuhay at isapuso ang aking pagiging Pilipino. Ang iba pang kaugaliang Pilipino na aming isinasabuhay ay ang pagluluto ng pagkaing Pilipino at pagdiriwang ng pistang Pilipino. Isang karangalan na maging isang Pilipino!
Taglagas 2011
Ako ay ipinanganak sa Hawaii. Ang aking lola at lolo ay ipinanganak sa Pilipinas. Marami akong mahahalagang bagay na natutunan sa aking lola at lolo. Itinuro nila sa akin kung paano maging matapat, masipag sa trabaho at tumulong sa ibang tao. Itinuro rin nila na ang pamilya ay mahalaga. Maraming tao sa Amerika ang hindi marunong gumalang at walang pakundangan sa ibang tao. Para sa akin, mas matalino ang mga Pilipino kaysa sa mga Amerikano. Pinakamatulungin ang mga Pilipino dito sa Hawaii. Kaya sinisikap ko ring maging mabuting Pilipino ako kahit nasa Amerika ako.
Ang Tunay na Pilipino ni Shekinah Landicho Sa Amerika ako ipinanganak. Pero kahit Amerikana ako, Pilipino pa rin ako. Ang dugong Pilipino ang tumatakbo sa aking buong katawan. Alam ko kung paano pangangalagaan ang aking sarili at ang iba. Marunong akong magluto. Ang isang tunay na Pilipino ay marunong magluto ng masasarap na pagkain. Ang pagluluto ang paborito kong libangan. Tuwing mayroon akong bisita, lagi akong nagluluto para sa kanila. Hindi sila umaalis kung hindi busog ang kanilang tiyan. Laging masaya ang mga bisita ko kaya naman lagi silang bumabalik.
Pilipino Ako sa Amerika ni Irish Manayan Pilipino pa rin ako kahit nasa Amerika. Kahit nasa Amerika ako, maraming mahahalagang bagay ang itinuro sa akin ng nanay ko. Tinuruan niya akong maging magalang lalo na sa matatanda. Tinuruan din niya akong mahalin ang aking pamilya.
Ang Aking Pamilyang Pilipino ni Bri Lagat-Ramos Taga-Bisaya sa Pilipinas ang aking tatay at taga-Big Island sa Hawaii naman ang aking nanay. Ipinanganak ako sa Honolulu. Mayroon akong dalawang kapatid na babae at isang kapatid na lalaki. Ang mga nakatatanda kong kapatid ay ipinanganak sa Pilipinas. Marunong silang mag-Tagalog pero ako ay hindi. Nagsisikap akong matuto ng Tagalog at malaman ang kulturang Pilipino. Kahit lumaki ako sa Hawaii, mas gusto ko ang pagkaing Pilipino. Ang aking paboritong pagkain ay pork gisantes. Gusto kong magluto ang aking lola. Ang mahalagang itinuro ng pamilya ko sa akin ay dapat pamilya muna bago ang iba.
Katipunan Magazin 25
FIL 101—01 Ang Pinakamahalagang Tao sa Buhay Namin Patnugot ng Klase: Andrew Ikeda & Jen Duque Guro: Tita Imelda Gasmen
Pumili kami ng isang taong nagbibigay ng inspirasyon o nagsisilbing “role model” sa buhay namin. Marami sa amin ang sumulat tungkol sa mga nanay namin. Mahal na mahal namin sila. Sila ang mga personal na bayani namin parang mga Jose Rizal na bayani ng mga Filipino. ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Vivian Teshima: Ang Nanay Ko ni Kathren Bulaquena
Alma Abutin: Ang Nanay Ko ni April Abutin
Sa lahat ng mga tao sa aking buhay, ang nanay ko ang aking inspirasyon. Vivian Teshima ang pangalan niya. Ipinanganak siya sa Pilipinas noong ika-23 ng Oktubre 1969. Lumaki din siya doon kasama ang anim niyang mga kapatid. Nakatira siya ngayon sa Big Island, sa Kona. Kahit hindi siya nagtapos sa kolehiyo, masipag na masipag siya sa trabaho. Nagtatrabaho siya sa Safeway, restawran, at sa Four Seasons Hotel ngayon. Maraming tao ang nagsasabi na magkapatid kami kasi pandak at maliit ang nanay ko. Sa palagay ko iba siya at matalino rin. Puwede siyang magsalita ng anim na mga wika. Masyadong nakakatawa ang nanay ko pero may mahusay na pagpapahalaga rin siya. Marami siyang itinuro sa amin. Marami rin siyang sakripisyo sa pangangalaga sa amin. Siya ang tumolong sa akin kung sino ako ngayon. Mahal na mahal kita, ma! 26 Katipunan Magazin
Si Alma Abutin ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Siya ang nanay ko. Sa ikadalawampu’t siyam ng Nobyembre ang kaarawan niya. Limampu’t dalawang taong gulang na siya. Ipinanganak at lumaki siya sa Leyte, Pilipinas. Nakatira siya sa bahay namin sa Makakilo ngayon. May trabaho siya sa Child Development Center. Ang nanay ko ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko kasi siya ang nag-aalaga sa lahat ng mga anak niya. Masipag na masipag siya sa lahat ng pagtatrabaho niya. Medyo maliit at pandak siya pero malakas siya. Matalino rin siya. Mahusay siya sa pagluluto. Kanin ang paboritong pagkain niya. Gusto ko ang maasim pero malasang sinigang niya. Wala siyang pagkain na ayaw ko. Mahal na mahal ko siya! Taglagas 2011
FIL 101—01 Marie: Ang Nanay Ko ni Jean Dagupion Siya ang nanay ko. Marie ang palayaw niya. TagaLaguna siya sa Pilipinas. Ipinanganak at lumaki siya sa Laguna pero nakatira siya ngayon sa Maui, Hawaii. Limampu't limang taon siya. Nagtatrabaho siya sa Napili Surf. Brown ang paboritong kulay niya. Pansit palabok ang paborito niya. Siya ang bayani ko dahil sa mga mabuting itinuro niya sa akin. Itinuturing ko siyang matalik kong kaibigan. Sa palagay ko, maganda at matapang siya. Gusto kong sundin ang pagpapalaki niya sa akin at gagawin sa mga magiging anak ko.
Marilou Rodriguez: Ang Nanay Ko ni Joanna Rodriguez Si Marilou Rodriguez ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Siya ang nanay ko. Tax collector ang trabaho niya sa California State Board of Equalization. Ipinanganak siya sa Manila, Pilipinas. Lumaki at nakatira siya ngayon sa Long Beach, California. May apat siyang anak. Ako ang kanyang panganay na anak. Mabait, matalino, at nakakatawa ang nanay ko. Kapag malungkot ako, pinapasaya niya ako. Masaya siya palagi at matulungin siya kahit sa ibang tao. Alam kong palagi siyang nandiyan para sa akin. Mahal ko ang nanay ko. Siya ay aking ina at matalik na kaibigan ko.
Evangelina Ganir: Ang Nanay Ko – Kung Wala Siya, Wala ako ni Ronelyn Ganir Ang nanay ko ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Evangelina Ganir ang pangalan at apelyido ng ina ko. Vangie at Hiling ang mga palayaw niya. Apatnapu’t walong taon na siya. Ikadalawampu’t apat ng Abril ang kaarawan ng nanay ko. Ipinanganak at lumaki siya sa Pilipinas sa Ilocos Norte. Nakatira siya ngayon sa Maui sa Kahului. May limang kapatid ang nanay ko: apat na kapatid na lalake at isang kapatid na babae. Gitnang anak siya. Maganda pero pandak ang nanay ko. May trabaho siya. Sales associate ang trabaho niya sa Walmart sa Maui. Araw-araw ang trabaho ng nanay ko. Mula alas onse ng umaga hanggang alas otso ng gabi. Mapagpakumbaba ang nanay ko. Kuripot at konti ang mga gamit niya Pero masayang masaya pa rin siya. Maganda ang personalidad niya. Mabait, masipag, masaya at matalino ang inay ko. Siya ang matalik na Taglagas 2011
kaibigan ko. Siya ang bayani ko. Siya ang inspirasyon ko. Siya ang mahalagang tao sa buhay ko kasi kung wala siya, wala rin ako. Utang ko ang aking buhay sa kanya.
Missa: Ang Siyota Ko ni Jonathan Susa Melissa Liane Nakamura ang pangalan niya. Missa ang palayaw niya. Siya ang siyota ko. Taga Oahu siya, sa Mililani. Ipinanganak at lumaki siya sa Mililani pero nakatira siya ngayon sa Greenley, Colorado. Nag-iisa siyang anak nina Florence at Ray Nakamura. May isang kapatid ang tatay niya. Becky ang pangalan ng kapatid ng tatay niya. Labingsiyam na taong gulang siya. Graphic Design ang kinukuha niya. Unibersidad ng Northern Colorado ang eskuwela niya. Gusto ko si Melissa kasi maganda siya. Gusto ko rin siya kasi kalahating Pinay at kalahating Hapon siya. Sa palagay ko, mabait at matalino siya. Payat pero malakas din siya.
Priscila: Ang Nanay Ko ni Ruby Anne Agnes Ang nanay ko ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Priscila ang pangalan niya. Siya ay Tagalog. Ipinanganak at lumaki siya sa Bulacan sa Pilipinas pero nakatira ngayon sa Kapolei. Empleyado siya sa JW Marriott Ihilani Resort and Spa. Maliit pero malakas siya. Siya ay maalalahanin, masayahin, at maganda. Rosas ang paboritong niyang kulay. Sariwang lumpia ang paboritong Pilipinong ulam niya. Siya ay magaling na magluto ng leche flan at kare-kare. Tinutulungan niya ako sa mga takda ko sa Filipino. Siya ang bayani ko at mahal ko siya.
Fe Duque: Ang Nanay Ko ni Jennifer Duque Ang nanay ko ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Fe Duque ang pangalan niya. Ipinanganak siya sa Pangasinan, Pilipinas pero lumaki siya sa Baguio City. Nakatira siya ngayon sa Waimanalo, Hawaii. Tito at Lydia ang pangalan ng mga magulang niya. Siya ang gitnang anak sa pamilya. May siyam siyang kapatid. Dario ang pangalan ng asawa niya at may dalawang anak na sila. Limampu’t dalawang taong gulang siya. Gusto niyang maging taong-bahay. Sa palagay ko, mabait, masaya, at malakas siya. Lila ang paboritong kulay niya. Siya ay aking nars, kusinera, at retratista. Mahal na mahal ko ang nanay ko. Katipunan Magazin 27
FIL 101—01 Cathy: Ang Nanay Ko Jill Ikeda-Goo: Ang Nanay Ko ni Andrew Ikeda Pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko ang nanay ko. Jill ang pangalan niya. Ikeda-Goo ang apelyido niya. Lumaki siya sa Kailua Hawaii pero nakatira sa Honolulu ngayon. Human Resource ang trabaho niya at mahirap. Mapagmahal ang nanay ko at mabait. Pinalaki niya ako simula noong bata ako. Ang nanay ko ang lahat sa akin. Wala na akong tatay. Mahal ko ang nanay ko. Gagawin ko ang lahat para sa kanya. Maraming salamat po.
ni Florante Baptista Ang nanay ko ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Catalina ang pangalan niya. Baptista ang apelyido niya. Cathy ang palayaw niya. House Keeper sa Ko'Olina Ihilani Hotel ang trabaho niya. Pandak siya pero maganda siya. Ipinanganak siya sa Pilipinas. Lumaki siya sa Laoag City pero nakatira siya ngayon sa Waipahu. Marami siyang anak at ako ang paboritong anak niya. Tsokolate ang paboritong pagkain niya. Ayaw niya ng Jamba Juice pero gusto niya ng Starbucks.
Noisha: Ang Kapatid Ko Romel Gaspar: Ang Kapatid Ko
ni Nicole Carino
ni Joey Gaspar
Noisha ang pangalan ng pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Taga-Hawaii siya, sa Oahu. Ipinanganak siya sa Kapiolani Ospital sa Hawaii. Ikalabinsiyam ng Mayo ang kaarawan niya. Pitong taong gulang na siya. Pinakabunso kong kapatid na babae. Estudyante siya sa Royal School sa Hawaii, sa Honolulu. Mahalaga siya sa akin kasi bata pa siya at ako ang nag-aalaga sa kanya pag wala ang magulang namin. Masayang tao si Noisha. Nakakatuwa siya. Gusto niya ng maraming damit at sapatos na uso ngayon. Nakakainis minsan pero mahal na mahal ko pa rin siya. Ang bunsong kapatid ko ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko.
Ang bunsong kapatid kon na lalaki ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Romel Gaspar ang pangalan niya. Taga Hawaii siya sa Paauilo, Hawaii. Ipinanganak si Romel sa ospital sa Hilo. Lumaki siya sa Paauilo. Nakatira ngayon si Romel sa Paauilo, Hawaii. Isang napakabuting kaibigan at kapatid si Romel. Labindalawang taong gulang na siya. Estudyante si Romel sa Paauilo Elementary and Intermediate School. Matalino si Romel sa eskuwelahan. Mahalaga ang ikaapat ng Nobyembre kasi kaarawan ni Romel. Gusto ni Romel ng bagoong pero ayaw ko kasi bumabaho ang hininga niya. Gusto ko ang larong basketbol kasama si Romel kasi paboritong isport namin. Maaari kaming mag-usap tungkol sa anumang bagay.
Michael Bautista: Ang Siyota Ko ni Angelica Juanillo
Mariza Mariano: Ang Nanay Ko ni Allen Mariano Ang nanay ko ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Mariza Mariano ang pangalan at apelyido ng nanay ko. Apatnapu’t anim na taon na siya. Ikadalawampu’t tatlo ng Pebrero ang kaarawan ng ina ko. Ipinanganak at lumaki siya sa Pilipinas sa Solsona. Nakatira siya ngayon sa Oahu sa Salt Lake. Gitnang anak siya. May limang kapatid ang nanay ko: tatlong kapatid na lalake at dalawang kapatid na babae. Nars ang trabaho niya sa Avalon Care Center: mula alas singko ng umaga hanggang alas diyes y medya ng gabi. Bangus ang paborito niyang pagkain pero ayaw niya ng dinuguan kasi hindi masarap. Pandak, mabait at maganda siya.
28 Katipunan Magazin
Sa dinami ng tao, ang nanay, tatay, ate, o kuya ang pinakamahalagang sa buhay nila. Kahit na mahalaga sila, ang syota ko ang pinakamahalagang tao sa buhay ko. Michael Bautista ang pangalan niya. Dalawampu't limang taong gulang siya at magaling na estudyante sa Unibersidad ng Hawaii sa Manoa. Nasa ikalawang taon na siya sa nursing school. Walang trabaho si Michael. Nagdadalubhasa siya sa Mental Health ng Army Reserves. Mahusay, masipag at mapagbigay si Michael. Kahit na maliit siya, malaki ang puso niya. Palaging tumutulong siya sa pamilya at mga kaibigan niya. Palaging tumatawa at nakangiti, kahit na may problema siya. Wala akong duda na magiging isang mahusay na nars siya balang araw.
Taglagas 2011
FIL 101—02
Ang Mga Bayani Sa Buhay Namin
Patnugot ng Klase: Lee Fuentes Guro: Tita Imelda Gasmen Maraming iba-ibang klaseng bayani sa buhay natin. Pero sa klase namin, halos lahat ng mga bayani namin ay mga miyembro ng pamilya namin. Sila ang mga “role model” sa aming buhay noon at ngayon.
Filipino 101-2: First row (L to R): Tita Ime, Richelle Acoba, Kristina Karganilla, Denichel Ruiz, Lee Fuentes; Second row: Rodney Rabang, Gabrielle Lapinig, Chassity Abad, Monica Manuel, Michael Schweikert; Third row: Erwin Pastrana, Brandon, Simpliciano, Mallory Manier, Sigmund Sumulong
Ang Mga Magulang Ko ni Jason Abayon
Ang aking mga magulang ang bayani sa aking buhay. Ipinanganak ang tatay ko sa Pilipinas, sa Aklan. Ipinanganak rin ang nanay ko sa Pilipinas, sa Ilocos Sur. Matanda na ang aking mga magulang: animnapu’t isang taong gulang na ang tatay ko at limampu't pitong taong naman ang nanay ko. Matangkad at payat ang tatay ko habang maliit at medyo mataba naman ang nanay ko. Mabait ang mga magulang ko at marami silang kaibigan. Matulungin din sila at may takot sa Diyos. Nagtrabaho silang dalawa sa Kuwait noon. Dating X-ray Technician ang tatay ko at Nars naman ang aking nanay. Umuwi kami sa Pilipinas noong taong 1990 dahil sa Gulf War. Huminto ang nanay ko sa pagtratrabaho para alagaan kami at bumalik ang tatay ko sa Kuwait bilang isang OFW. Bayani ko ang aking mga magulang dahil hindi sila nagdadalawang isip na tulungan kami o pagalitan
Taglagas 2011
kung nagkamali kami. Sila rin ang nagpalaki sa amin at nagturo sa amin kung ano ang tama o mali.
Si Andre: Ang Tatay Ko ni Chassity Abad Ang tatay ko na si Andre ang bayani sa buhay ko. Ipinanganak siya sa Jamaica pero lumaki siya sa New York. Merong anim na miyembro sa aming pamilya. Kasama dito ang nanay ko na si Orvella at ang tatlo kong kapatid na sina Aliyah, Joseph, at Joshua. Masigasig ang tatay ko. Siya ay isang mahusay na coach ng softball sa akin. Siya ay nagbibigay ng magandang payo. Lagi niya akong pinapayuhan na magisip ng matino. Nais niya na maging mahusay ako kaya ayaw niya ang ugaling sumusuko. Siya ay may tiwala sa aking kakayahan kahit wala ng ibang naniniwala sa akin. Mahal na mahal niya ako at mahal na mahal ko rin siya kaya siya ang aking bayani.
Katipunan Magazin 29
FIL 101—02
Si Eva: Ang Malakas at Magandang Nanay Ko ni Richelle Acoba
Eva ang pangalan ng nanay ko, at “Mommy” at “Manang Eve” ang mga palayaw niya. Ipinanganak at lumaki siya sa Pilipinas at California. Ngayon ay nakatira na siya sa Wailuku, Maui. Meron siyang malaking pamilya; pangalawa siya ng labing-isang anak. Hermanda at Arsenio Jose Sr. ang mga pangalan ng mga magulang niya. Ika-siyam ng Nobyembre ang kaarawan niya. May trabaho siya sa Ka’anapali Beach Club Hotel na inspectress at dating housekeeper siya. Mahigpit ang nanay ko pero masipag siya, pandak, at mabait rin. Mainit na kanin, pinakbet, at pansit ang mga paborito niyang pagkain. Gusto niya ang mga pulang rosas at mga mahal na plorera. Ayaw niya ng maruming kuwarto o bahay at mga kuripot na tao. Ika-sampu ng Agosto, taong dalawampu sampu ang araw na masaya para sa nanay ko kasi may kidney transplant siya. Matapang at malakas ang nanay ko noong may naopera siya. Mahal na mahal ko ang nanay ko ng buong puso ko kasi matapang, malakas, at maganda siya.
Sina Will at Mila: Mga Magulang Ko ni Lee Fuentes Ang mga magulang ko ang mga bayani ko sa buhay ko. Jesus Fuentes ang pangalan ng tatay ko at Will ang palayaw niya. Milagrosa Fuentes ang pangalan naman ng nanay ko at Mila ang palayaw niya. Ipinanganak at lumaki sila sa Cebu. Nakatira sila ngayon sa Kalihi. Pintor ang trabaho ng tatay ko at kahera naman ang trabaho ng nanay ko. Mabait at masipag sila. Gusto nilang makapagtapos ako sa Unibersidad ng Hawaii. Sila ang aking role model at sumusuporta sa buhay ko. Kung wala silang suporta sa akin, hindi ko makakamit ang buhay ko ngayon.
Si Paula Deen: Punong Tagapagluto ni Mallory Manier Si Paula Deen ang bayani sa buhay ko. Bayani ko siya kasi punong tagapagluto siya. Mayaman siya. Masay at medyo matanda na si Paula. Animnapu’t apat na taon na siya. Gusto ko ang lutong prtong manok niya. Taga Georgia siya sa Albany. Nakatira siya ngayon sa Savannah, Georgia. May asawa si Paula, Michael Grover 30 Katipunan Magazin
ang pangalan niya. May dalawa silang anak na lalaki. Panganay si Jamie at bunso si Bobby.
Si Leslie: Ang Nanay Ko ni Kristina Karganilla Leslie ang pangalan ng nanay ko. Siya ang aking bayani. Ipinanganak ang nanay ko sa Pilipinas, pero nakatira siya sa Kapolei ngayon. Sa ikatatlumpu't-isa ng Oktubre ang kaarawan ni Leslie. Apatnapu't tatlong taon na siya. Siya ay isang nars. May tatlong anak ang nanay ko. William ang pangalan ng asawa niya. Pula ang kanyang paboritong kulay. Gusto ni Leslie ng halo-halo, lechon, ispageti, at prutas. Ayaw ng nanay ko ng bawang, balut, at serbesa. Matalino, maganda, at nakakatawa ang nanay ko.
Si Meriam G. Lapinig: Ang Nanay Ko ni Gabrielle G. Lapinig Si Meriam G. Lapinig ang aking bayani sa buhay. "Yamm" ang palayaw niya. Siya ang nanay ko. Limampung taong gulang na siya. Taga Pilipinas siya, pero nakatira na ngayon siya sa Hawaii. Ipinanganak siya sa Davao at lumaki siya sa Cebu City at Palawan. Si John ang asawa niya ng dalawampu't pitong taon. May dalawang anak siya: si Francis at ako. Sa palagay ko, may malaki at maingay na pamilya ang nanay ko. May siyam na miyembro ang pamilya ni Meriam: sina Frank (tatay), Alicia (nanay), Willie (kuya), Mercy (ate), Fred (kuya), Jerry (kuya), Divina (ate), Romel (pangwalong kapatid), at Daisy (bunso). Manedyer ang trabaho niya sa Coach at Victoria's Secret sa Honolulu Airport. Dalawampu't dalawang taon na siya sa trabaho niya sa DFS Galleria. Sa palagay ko, palabiro siya, pero malakas, masaya at may pusong bata siya. Gusto niyang makipag-usap sa mga kaibigan niya kasi magiliw siya. Kahit hindi perpekto ang nanay ko, siya ang bayani ko. Mahal na mahal ko ang nanay ko! :) Taglagas 2011
Ang Nanay Ko ni Monica Manuel
FIL 101—02
Ang Nanay ko ang bayani aking sa buhay. Ipinanganak at lumaki siya sa Ilocos Norte sa Pilipinas. Labimpitong taong gulang siya noong lumipat sa Hawaii. Nagtrabaho siya nang husto noong dumating siya bilang dayuhan. Gusto niyang magbigay ng magandang kinabukasan para sa pamilya niya. Nag-aral siya habang pinapalaki niya ang pamilya niya. Ngayon ay negosyo administrator ang trabaho niya sa Kulana Malama Center. Mahal ko ang aking nanay. Paminsan-minsan sira-ulo siya pero marunong at maaalahanin siya. Sinasabihan niya ako kung medyo sira-ulo ako minsan pero nauunawaan ko kasi alam kong nagmamalasakit lang siya. Siya ang nagluluto at nagbabayad sa mga kailangan namin ng kapatid kong babae. Siya ang bayani ko sa buhay. Siya ay nagtuturo sa akin tungkol sa pagiging mapagpasensiya at masipag sa eskwelahan.
Si Grace: Ang Nanay Ko ni Erwin Pastrana Ang nanay ko ang aking bayani sa buhay. Grace ang pangalan niya at Pastrana ang apelyido niya. Ging-ging ang palayaw niya. Ipinanganak at lumaki siya sa Bo.6, Marbel, Pilipinas. Nakatira siya sa Maui ngayon. Inspectress siya sa Maui Kaanapali Villas. Sa ika-isa ng Oktubre ang kaarawan niya. Siya ang ikalabindalawang anak sa labintatlong magkakapatid. May malaking puso siya. Mabait siya sa lahat. Masipag na masipag siya. Masaya, malakas at matalino siya. Gusto niya ang lahat na pagkain. Gusto niya ng coke at tubig kasi masarap pero ayaw niya ng serbesa at alak kasi mapait. Gusto niya sa simbahan pero ayaw niya sa bukid kasi mainit.
College. Tindero at diyanitor si Paul, sa Philmart Oriental and Fastfood. Accounting ang kinukuha niya pero gusto ni Paul ang pagluluto. Gusto niya ng maraming pagkain. Gusto naming pareho ni Paul ang adobo pero ayaw namin ng mga gulay. Si Paul ang kapatid kong lalaki, matalik na kaibigan, at bayani sa buhay ko.
Si Leilani: Ang Nanay Ko ni Mikey Schweikert II May bayani ka ba sa buhay? Sa buhay ko, mahalaga ang nanay ko. Leilani ang pangalan niya. Taga Waipahu, Hawaii siya. Ipinanganak siya sa Honolulu pero lumaki at nakatira ngayon siya sa Waipahu, Hawaii. Siya ay apatnapung taong gulang. Nag-aral siya sa Unibersidad ng Nebraska sa Omaha. Accountant siya sa Goodwill. Panganay siya at may dalawa siyang kapatid. May dalawa siyang anak na babae at dalawang anak na lalaki. Gusto niya ng Masaya ang nanay ko. maraming pagkain. Gusto niyang magluto at magbake lagi. Ayaw niya ng oliba kasi mapait. Gusto rin niya ng mga Korean drama. Hindi ko alam ang paboritong drama niya, pero Notting Hill ang paboritong pelikula niya.
Sina Sonny at Chona: Ang Mga Magulang Ko ni Sigmund Sumulong Ang mga magulang ko ang bayani sa buhay ko. Sonny ang pangalan ng tatay ko. Siya ay mabait at matalino. Limampu’t limang taong gulang na siya pero malakas parin. Ipinanganak siya sa Pilipinas pero nakatira na sa Kapolei ngayon. Marami siyang ginagawa para sa kaniyang pamilya. Chona ang pangalan ng nanay ko. Mahigpit pero nakakatawa siya. Ipinanganak rin siya sa Pilipinas. Research statistician ang trabaho niya. Mahirap ang trabaho niya. Lagi silang nadoon para sa akin.
Si Paul: Ang Kapatid Kong Lalaki ni Rodney Rabang Ang kapatid kong lalaki ang bayani sa buhay ko kasi matapang siya. Paul Rabang ang pangalan niya. Chris ang palayaw niya. Taga Maui siya, sa Kihei. Ipinanganak, lumaki, at nakatira siya sa Maui ngayon. Sa ikadalawampu ng Disyembre ang kaarawan ni Paul. Labing-siyam na siya. Masipag, magaling, at mabait siya. Estudyante si Paul sa Unibersidad ng Hawaii Maui Taglagas 2011
Katipunan Magazin 31
FIL 101—03
Ang Pinakamapagmahal Na Taong Nakilala Ko Patnugot: Erin O’Brien at Mark Rulona Guro: Tita Letty Pagkalinawan Likas na mapagmahal ang mga Pilipino. Ipinakikita nila ito sa pamamagitan ng pagiging matulungin, maunawain, mapagpasensya, maawain, at kusang-loob na paglilingkod sa kanilang mahal sa buhay at sa ibang tao. Sa mga artikulo namin, pinili namin ang pinakamapagmahal na tao sa aming buhay. Gusto ba ninyo silang makilala? Basahin ninyo ang aming mga artikulo. Ang Lola Ko Ryna Gallardo Ang lola ko ang pinakamapagmahal na taong nakilala ko sa aking buhay dahil inalagaan niya ako ng mabuti. Siya ay taga-Pilipinas. Siya rin ay mapagmalasakit sa kaniyang mga apo. Siya ang palaging nagbibigay sa amin ng pagkain at pera. Mahal na mahal niya kami at mahal na mahal din namin siya.
Ang Aking Ina Jonathan Clemente
Ang Aking Kasintahan Erin O’Brien Ang pinakamagiliw na tao sa aking buhay ay si Josh Coleman. Siya ang guwapo, matapat, at malikhain kong kasintahan. Sinusuportahan niya ako sa lahat ng aking mga ginagawa. Siya palagi ang unang nag-aalok ng tulong sa akin. Maalalahanin at masipag din siya. Siya ang matalik kong kaibigan at pinakamapagmahal na taong nakilala ko sa aking buhay.
Ang Aking Pag-ibig Shainamae Failano Ang kasintahan ko ang pinakamapagmahal na taong nakilala ko sa aking buhay. Brandon Simpliciano ang pangalan niya. Ang aking kasintahan ay nakakatawa, guwapo, at matalino. Siya rin ay estudyante sa Unibersidad ng Hawaii sa Manoa. Inhinyero ang kinukuha niya. Siya ay sumusuporta at tumutulong sa akin sa lahat ng aking mga ginagawa. Maraming salamat at mahal kita, hunnie.
Ang aking ina ay maganda at mabait. Ang pangalan niya ay Annabelle. Matulungin siya sa aking mga problema. Masipag siyang magbanat ng buto para matustusan ang aming mga pangangailangan. Hindi ko alam kung ano ang gagawin ko kung wala siya. Ginagawa niya ang lahat para sa aming magkakapatid. Mapalad ako kasi nagkaroon ako ng inang katulad niya.
Ang Mabuti Kong Kaibigan Jamie-Lyn Konayagi Magkaibigan kami ni Chassidy mula pa noong nasaika-pitong grado kami. Siya ang pinakamapagmahal na taong nakilala ko sa aking buhay. Masayahing tao si Chassidy at palagi siyang nagpapatawa. Siya rin ay mabait, matulungin, masigla, at mapagmahal sa kapwa. Kami ay dating magkasama sa Air Riflery team. Nag-aaral siya ngayon sa Colorado kaya ako ay nangungulila sa kanya.
“German Boy Ko” Giselle De La Gente Noong senior year ako sa High School, meron akong nakilalang estudyante na galing sa Germany. Alwin Pohl ang pangalan niya. Tahimik siya sa umpisa, pero noong tumagal ay naging maingay at madaladal na siya. Mabait at mapagmahal si Alwin kaya naging matalik ko siyang kaibigan. Malapit siya sa aking puso. Napapatawa niya ako palagi. Kapag kasama ko siya, ang araw ko ay masaya.
32 Katipunan Magazin
Taglagas 2011
FIL 101—03
Â
Bumalik na siya sa Germany pero nakapag-uusap pa rin kami  nang madalas.
at nagluluto ng aming pagkain araw-araw. Gusto niyang laging abala kaya lahat ng trabaho sa bahay ay ginagawa niya. Nagpapasalamat ako dahil naging lola ko siya. Mahal kita, Lola!
Ang Aking Lola Tyler Francisco Ang aking lola ang pinakamagiliw na tao sa aking buhay. Mahal na mahal ko ang aking lola at iginagalang ko siya mula sa aking pagkabata. Ang aking lola ay mapagmahal at palaging tumutulong sa ibang tao. Siya ay malakas at palaging naghahanap ng gawain sa bahay. Nagtatrabaho siya nang husto para suportahan ang kaniyang pamilya. Isa siyang magandang inspirasyon sa akin para maging mabuting tao.
Ang Aking Lola Eddy Herrera Ang aking lola ang pinakamapagmahal na tao sa buhay ko. Dahil sa kaniya, nakapasok ako ng paaralan para tuparin ang aking pangarap na maging musikero. Siya ang nagturo ng magandang asal sa akin simula pa sa pagkabata. Tinuruan din niya ako na huwag susuko sa mga kabiguan sa buhay. Tuwing kailangan ko ng tulong sa anumang bagay, palagi siyang handa para tulungan ako. Maraming salamat po sa inyo, Lola.
Mama Mark Rulona Ang pinakamapagmahal na taong nakilala ko sa aking buhay ay ang aking ina. Noong ako ay bata pa, siya ang kumakarga at nagpapatulog sa akin habang ang tatay ko ay nasa trabaho. Pag-aari niya ang isang negosyong nag-aalaga sa mga bata. Sa bahay ako nag-aral ng kindergarten at ang aking ina ang naging aking guro. Pinagagalitan niya ako kapag may mali akong ginawa. Alam kong ginagawa niya iyon dahil mahal niya ako at nagmamalasakit siya sa akin. Matalino at masipag na babae ang nanay ko. Lagi niyang ginagawang mahusay ang lahat ng kanyang gawain. Natutuwa ako dahil siya ang naging ina ko at wala na akong mahihiling pa. Umaasa ako na makakasama ko pa siya sa mahabang panahon.
Ang Kapatid Kong Si Nicole Jonathan Rombaoa Ang kapatid kong si Ate Nicole ang pinakamapagmahal na tao sa aking buhay. Dahil dadalawa lang kaming magkapatid, itinuturing ko siyang pinakamatalik kong kaibigan. Mahusay sumayaw ang kapatid ko. Limang taong gulang pa lamang siya nang nag-umpisa siyang sumayaw. Lagi niya akong isinasama sa mga praktis niya. Pareho kaming mahilig maglaro ng video games at palagi akong nananalo sa kaniya. Mula noong High School ay nagtatrabaho na si Ate Nicole sa Zippys. Pagkatapos ng trabaho niya ay pumapasok siya sa kanyang dance class. Hindi ko alam kung paano niya nakayanan iyon kaya naman hinahangaan ko siya. Ngayong kolehiyo na rin siya, nagagawa pa rin niyang magtrabaho at sumayaw. Bukod doon ay may panahon pa rin siya sa akin gaya ng paglalaro namin ng video games at pagtulong sa aking homework.
Ang Nanay Ko Chriselle Ann Galapon Ang nanay ko ang pinakamapagmahal na taong nakilala ko sa buhay ko. Elsa ang pangalan niya. Tatlo ang mga anak niya: ang kuya ko, ako, at ang bunso naming kapatid. Mabuti siyang nanay. Matalino at masipag din siya. Magaling magluto ang nanay ko. Palaging masasarap ang niluluto niya. Gusto kong maging guro gaya ng aking nanay. Mahal ko ang nanay ko. Siya ang aking idolo.
Mom Ko Lawrence Castillo Mary Ann ang pangalan ng nanay ko. Mom ang tawag sa kaniya. Doktora ng mga bata at guro ng Medical Assisting ang trabaho ng nanay ko. Siya ay mapagmahal at mabait na ina. Maganda siya, masipag at matulungin. Mahilig siyang tumugtog ng piano. Bukod dito, mahilig din siyang matulog at kumain. Mahal na mahal ko siya.
Erlinda Rosete Jaris Komuro Rosete Si Erlinda Rosete ay ang pinakamapagmahal na taong nakilala ko sa aking buhay. Siya ang mahal kong lola. Kahit may sakit siya, ginagawa pa rin niya ang kaniyang mga gawain sa bahay at sa kanyang pamilya kaya naman palaging malinis ang aming bahay. Sobra-sobra ang ibinibigay niyang pagmamahal at pag-aalaga sa kanyang pamilya at sa ibang tao. Siya ang nag-alaga sa akin simula noong ipinanganak ako. Bukod sa paglilinis ng bahay, naglalaba rin siya ng mga damit
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Ilaw ng Buhay Ko Jovan Sorrells Ang pinakamapagmahal na taong nakilala ko sa buhay ko ay ang aking ina. Clarice ang pangalan niya. Ang Ina ko ang ilaw ng buhay ko. Siya ay maganda, marunong, at mabait. Estudyante rin siya ngayon at gusto niyang maging manunulat. Siya ang ating ehemplo.
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IP 431 The Characters of Noli Me Tangere Patnugot ng Klase: Aizza Acojido at Karl Christian Alcover Guro: Dr. Pia Arboleda Mga Katipunero, ating alamin ang mga mahahalagang tauhan sa nobela ng dakilang bayaning si Dr. Jose Rizal. Ang klase ng IP 431 (Rizal’s Literary Works in Translation) ay taos-pusong nagagalak sa paghahatid sa inyo ng malikhaing paglalarawan ukol sa mga piling tauhan. Crisostomo Ibarra By Kourtney G. Baltazar In a small quiet town punctuated by a church and various Spanish style homes, woven together by cobble stone streets, lives Ibarra. It is a town whose crisp morning air is always warmed by the aroma of fresh baked bread or hot stew cooking somewhere in the distance. The sound of people walking through the square and the beat of horse hooves trotting on the cobble stone as they pull along their carriages fill the air. On any given day in this town, Ibarra could be found in his room writing. Pen in hand and bottle full of ink, he spills onto the pages his hopes and dreams. Having spent time abroad traveling and going to school, he has many experiences to write about. These experiences behind those works are the reason his fingers are often lightly stained a shade of black, the color of his pen’s ink. His room is plain, adorned with just a bed to rest his head when he is not out on the town or writing, a desk that hold his works, bottle of ink and pen. His footsteps echo loudly through the house when he sometimes paces the hollow wooden floor of his room, brainstorming his next novel or poem. The wooden ledge and the flowers that line the window sill frame Ibarra’s beautiful view of the town. It is quite a contrast to the views he was used to while living in Europe. Ibarra is handsome in his black suit, its style typical of most men in the 19th century. The shirt’s high cut, stiff collar conceals his neck and the suit’s small angled lapels frame his long, slim face. His features are striking against the clean suit—his slanted, deep set eyes; dark, prominent eyebrows, fairly full lips. His nose is sort of sharp but wide, perhaps hinting towards his mix of Filipino and Spanish descent. None of these, however, can outdo his mustache that thinly traces his upper lip or the dark wave of hair, always parted on the left, that graces his forehead—both his trademarks. The space between his eyebrows are furrowed and slightly wrinkled, not from stress or anger as Ibarra is known to not lose his temper quickly but rather be tactful and diplomatic. His face is aged as a result from his time spent in the colder climates abroad and the experiences that it brought him through. His smile is restrained but charming and causes his eyes to wrinkle, something that his sweetheart Maria Clara can attest to. When he walks, Ibarra takes strong, purposeful steps, his stride effectively demonstrating a man who is cultured and educated. The same could be inferred when you are able to experience the charm and wit with
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which he speaks. In the presence of others he is mindful of being polite and courteous, and never fails to deliver a handshake or a kiss to deserving hands. Juan Crisostomo Ibarra y Magsalin, or simply Ibarra as he is called, is the very definition of an enigma. Is he a revolutionary or subversive? or both? His life and work and the motives behind it all have sparked debates that continue to this day. Ibarra has a vision of what his country should be and his actions work to make that vision a reality. Maria Clara By Karl Christian Alcover Under her aunt’s care, the well-mannered girl has grown into beautiful woman with nearly blonde hair curling above the large, black innocent eyes with lashes long and curved, like the petals of a flower smiling for attraction. Her nose is pointed and straight, drawing attention to her sweet pink lips. Kind words come out from her mouth like a chirp of a merry bird in a beautiful summer morning. Her skin is fair and fine, like the skin of an onion and white as cotton. You would see her in processions dressed her perfect-figured body, like a princess, in a long white garment buttoned with pieces of gold and silver, and a pair of ribbon-tied doves in her soft and sensitive hands. Her features are the finest and most beautiful gift of the Virgin and saints of Obando to a married couple. Her tenderness is, however, filled with so much longing for a man’s endearment. Her heart has longed many years for the affection of a long gone childhood friend. Her lonely soul has waited for this man she had been keeping deep inside her heart. The longing has gone on too long that it has gotten stronger and stronger as years pass. The feeling of longing is so striking that even her, living in a very stern environment, who was trained by nuns for years to keep her demeanor self-effacing and demure, could no longer handle it-- That she would drop her sewing from her hands by just hearing the sound of this man’s carriage; that her body would freeze. She would press her heart beating so fast for excitement upon hearing his footsteps, that she would become pale at the very moment the man opens his mouth to greet her. That she would kiss all the saints for bringing back the man her heart screamed for years. That she would let herself sin by leaving the church early because she was afraid not be home during her man’s visit. Her heart would flood with happiness with every good word from the man. And
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IP 431 when she talks to him, she would lose her demure; that she would tell him she had nothing in her mind but him; that she would ask him if he also had also thought of her all those times when they were apart; that she would tap him in his arms in the eagerness to touch him; that she would weep after the man said his farewells; that she would pray for the saints just to see him again; that she would hunger herself to be with this man; that she would die if he died. Maria Clara’s Aunt Isabel By Aizza Acojido The long, paved street is crowded with busy people swiftly walking to reach the old church in the middle of the prosperous town of San Diego. The rich people ride their beautiful kalesa which stops at the brick sidewalk filled with blooming red and white roses, orange daisies, and white sampaguitas. As they open the old, squeaky door, the people roll their small eyes to search for nice seats. The large church is nearly full with rich and poor Indios who are patiently waiting for the fat, tall priest who always has a frown on his face to start the one-hour mass. The spectacular altar is decorated with intricate mini statues of San Diego, Virgen Maria and JesuCristo. As the people pass through the narrow space separating the seats, they could not resist staring at the most beautiful, charming, demure and graceful Maria Clara. Her very pale right hand is holding a cream-colored hand fan printed with purple lilies and black-orange monarch butterflies. Her curly, long, unbound hair frames her small face. Her slim left hand touches the middle-aged woman kneeling beside her. The woman is holding a white rosary and utters silent prayers like other religious devotees. She is a small woman, smaller than Maria Clara. There are numerous grey hairs visible in her old-fashioned bun. Her brown face bears no makeup and shows freckles which prove her age. Her eyes are as dark as night but her smile shines like the dawn. Her red-stringed necklace has two small, laminated pictures of Virgen Maria and JesuCristo glued back-to-back to form a pendant. She is wearing an old, cream-colored kimona and an ankle-length, brown saya. Her saya has three embroidered white roses at the back and its embroidered edges gracefully sway whenever the old woman moves. Her long saya covers her knees turned dark by long hours of kneeling at church. Right after the extended mass, the impatient Maria Clara asks to go home. The woman refuses but Maria Clara whiningly insists. The very pious Aunt Isabel places her rosary in her pocket, stands up on her weakened knees, fixes her long saya, walks slowly to the squeaky door and quietly follows the very excited Maria Clara on her way home. Padre Damaso By Jane Frances Lomboy Inside the beautiful, beige-colored Catholic Church, with arch-shaped, wooden, double doors are rows and rows
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of old, worn down brown pews. The walls are decorated with picture frames, each resembling a station of the cross of the Passion of the Christ. With a walkway in the middle of this beautiful church, a bearish-looking Franciscan friar kneels, with both knees on a step going up to the altar with his palms together. He is partly bald, with thin hair on the back of his head. He holds a stern, concentrated look on his slightly wrinkled and saggy face while his lips move continuously. He has big, brown eyes, a long, slightly flat nose, and pale cheeks. He wears a long, mud brown, long sleeved garment that covers from his barely visible neck all the way down to his shoes. As he prays, he looks up at the altar where a human-sized, wooden cross stands behind the shiny wooden altar table covered with a white, satin cloth. He does the sign of the cross with his right hand using his fat index and middle fingers, and bringing his right knee up, uses his right foot to stand up. He sighs deeply as he thinks about the indios who have turned away from the church. He scoffs at their ignorance and with many of them not following the church rules, his mind is set that they will go to hell if their behavior continues. With this, he begins to slowly pace back and forth in front of the altar, smirking while doing so, and says to himself with a slightly low, but clear voice, “My sermon tomorrow will make them see how much they have sinned against God and the Church.” He begins to think about his hatred towards the deceased Don Rafael Ibarra, as well as his well-educated son, Juan Crisostomo Ibarra, who will be there to listen to his sermon with the beautiful Maria Clara. The thought of the young, poised Ibarra with his beloved goddaughter brings an even greater distasteful, disgusting feeling upon him. He stops pacing back and forth, his face which was at a smirk, now lost its enthusiasm for his sermon, turns to a pout; his forehead and thick, dark eyebrows scrunched together, his lips pursed as though keeping from saying something hateful, his whole face even more wrinkled than when he was praying. Although this friar is very cruel and horrible to most indios, he cares greatly for his beloved goddaughter and will not have that arrogant Ibarra as her husband! This hateful and cruel, yet respectable friar soon forgets about his sermon and instead thinks of cruel, demeaning, and unforgiving ways to have the young Ibarra out of the picture, out of his and his goddaughter’s life. He smiles sheepishly at his thoughts, thinking how great it would be for Ibarra to not exist. He then thinks of Maria Clara’s future without Ibarra and his face turns into an evil, distrusting smile. Kapitan Tiyago By Eric C. Malimban Kapitan Tiyago is a smart individual who stands tall with broad shoulders; always walks with his chest out and shoulders thrown back as if he were in a military drill. His suit is a nice dark navy blue, with gold-fringes hanging from his shoulders, real Spanish gold buttons, and he has medals for days on his suit showing his proud position within society. On his brown belt Tiyago has his Spanish saber, on
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IP 431 his feet are the finest leather boots that money could buy, he always has the finest corbatas made with Chinese silk purchased within Manila’s Chinatown, and always has his clothing freshly ironed. His hat had a pointed spear at the top, and it is a bowl shaped top hat to protect his head from the scorching Philippine sun. Tiyago is a light skinned mestizo, Tiyago’s smoothed-skinned face is not a translation of his age, and he has dark deep brown eyes. Tiyago’s long black thick-slicked backed hair always glistens in the sun, his teeth are pearly white and are as straight as could be, and he has a thick neatly groomed mustache. His pants are fitted to his long, slender legs, and his pockets are largely knitted to hold the huge stacks of money that he has in his procession. Tiyago has a unique personality due to his upbringing, he obtained a lot of knowledge from the street, but he received his formal education from the Spanish Catholic Church. He is a polite man that always spoke his mind, and due to his humble beginnings he has a big giving heart. His home is a Spanish style ranch house that was home to all individuals in search of a room; Kapitan Tiyago shuts the doors of his mansion to no one in the Philippines. Sisa By Stella M. Bugarin Deep within the forest lives a beautiful young woman. To get to her house you must follow a dirt road path leading you into rows of lush evergreens and hundred year old trees that whisper as the wind blows. The sweet aroma of the tinapa frying on a wood burning stove signifies that you are getting nearer to her house. Her bahay kubo is located just before the river bank where she washes clothes. As you get closer to the house, you can see her little vegetable garden and when you enter her home you can feel the warmth by the woods burning in the fireplace that is also used for cooking. In the middle of a room is a table set for three. The woman with milky fair skin shows a deep trace of sadness on her face. Her long black wavy hair flows freely like the Cagayan river. Her eyes are dark of color like the black pearl from the Mindanao trench. Her face appears to be puffy with dark circles around her eyes from crying all night and lack of sleep. Her cheeks are rosy from the heat as she fries the tinapa so gracefully as if that is that only food she has to eat. She was once the daughter of a prominent family. She married her first love who later abused and left her for his gambling addiction. She bore him two sons. She later moved to the house in the woods with her two sons because she can no longer afford the luxury of living in town. Her two boys became sextons of the church to help her with their expenses. As she washes her clothes on the river bank, you can notice her disfigured wrinkled hands from doing hard manual labor. Her mind is so deep within her thoughts worrying about her two sons that she sees once a week and her body seems lifeless like a zombie.
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One evening she anxiously waits for her sons. It is getting late and they were nowhere to be seen. She is like a mad woman pacing the floor with her bare feet, her hair mangled, her body shivering and her mind disoriented. She is afraid something must have happened to them. She opens the door hoping her sons would be running home yelling, “Mama, we’re home.” but no one comes. People would make fun and mimic her as she freely roamed the town street as a crazed woman. Her clothes were dirty, speckled with mud. The right sleeve of her dress was torn at the seam from running into the bushes as she hid from the civil guards. Her hair tangled and her face have aged and wrinkled from the stress of losing her sons. One evening she saw a figure following her. She ran so fast into the woods and never looked back. She stopped for a while to catch her breath and at that very moment someone appeared right before her eyes. She was startled and went into shock. She fainted and fell and drew her last breath. She died in the arms of her own son. Basilio By Teddy Charles N. Barbosa This little lad was a big kid. At 10 years of age, his mind was rivaled with a 35 year old man's. He worked for a douche bag at the town's church. His task was to pull that rope at the precise time every time. His work would let the town know what time it is at night. He was a selfless individual with the biggest heart. His heart was as big as Ibarra's bank account. At 10 years old, his physical structure was like a Chevy Pick Up Truck, like a rock! He would brave nature's wrath and still truck on through the night with his work. He always had a bird's eye view of the town when he pulled that rope to ring the bell. And being 10 whole years old, he had a lot of strength. He was as strong as a mating bull waiting to shoot his load! MALAKAS! When he stands straight up, he is the same height as a carabao's behind. But don't let his giant height fool you, he had enough energy in him to build an atomic bomb by himself! The clothes he wore were as prestigious as the dirt he would urinate on. But none the less, Basilio was a Giant individual. Doña Victorina By Martin Stabilio Doña Victorina, who goes by her whole name, Doña Victorina de los Reyes de De Espadaña, is as full as a hot balloon as her husband, Doctor Don Tiburcio de Espadaña. The addition de in her name was only to appease her sophistication, or lack thereof. She poses as a Spaniard, all the while turning her back on her own ethnicity. Her clothes and appearance hide the fact that she is a Filipina. She spoke Spanish as well as a baby learning to speak for the first time. In fact, her husband does not fare any better with the language and he is of that race. In her youth, she was considered to be very beautiful, with skin as smooth as a baby’s bottom. She had
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IP 431 many suitors in her day, but would turn away a Filipino so fast it would leave him no room to even speak a word of a poem he might have written her. Rather than consider a Filipino suitor, she would go so far as to settle for a Spaniard who she considered as lame as a duck and slobbered while talking more than a dog drooling over a juicy steak. The saying that “wine gets better with age” does not relate to her by any means. She is at the age of 45, which she does not even acknowledge. She feels the need to always cover up the corridors on her face with makeup in order to match the age she boasts to others. It is only fitting for a person who presents herself to be of a different race to also present herself to be of a different age. Her wrinkles are very reminiscent of ocean waves. If it were not for the invention of rice-powder, those valleys would be a dead giveaway to her real age for all those that gaze upon her face. Donya Consolacion By Monica Agluba Darkness envelops the room, here sits a disenchanted woman enjoying her little lighted tobacco. Hunchbacked, her knees sway back and forth. She is neither Maria Clara nor Snow White. Preferably, she could be Cruella de Vil or the Evil Queen from any Disney movie -not your typical graceful Filipina. She hates looking at the mirror; I wonder why. Yet, she thinks she is the prettiest of them all, like a princess or a rose in a garden full of weeds. Her skin is very pale; it seems as if it were painted white. Her hair is as white as a fluff on the dandelion. It is very dry, not brushed, and freezes like it has been in a freezer for months. Her forehead is composed of the Andes Mountain and the Ko’olau Range combined -- huge, green and crawling from one temple to the other. Her nose is just plain regular; it is neither the Everest nor a Chocolate Hill. Her eyes look like they are jealous, but they give a venomous stare as they dart around, looking everywhere. At times, her cheeks are burdened with marks or black bruises resulting from physical trauma. And her lips, which hold the color of the sweet potato yet unfortunately, are not as sweet. Smoke escapes the dark colored lips with every breath, like the moments before Mount Kilauea is about to explode. Everyday, she wears a dress. She does not care if she never leaves her home. A big handkerchief is wrapped around her shoulders like any other woman in the old and golden days, but is smothered by her hair. She is wearing a blue blouse, but the skirt, which has been washed all too many times, has a color that is neither distinguishable nor appealing. Her dismal life causes her to be impatient. She is being kept inside all day, every single day. Her husband refuses for her to go out, not even during feast days. He is ashamed of what people will say about his wife. Her only travel is inside the house, from one room to another room. Most of the time, her husband is out somewhere, so she is very lonely. She only opens her mouth when she has orders for her slaves to do; orders that are done incorrectly are
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followed by bloodshed. She makes them entertain her through dancing and singing. If her husband is indeed at home, it does not go well. Echoes of screams and shouts can be heard in the entire house. She is not the typical Filipina every guy would want. Her actions, personality, and looks are not perfect. Yet, no woman is perfect; not even Maria Clara or any other Disney princesses. Don Rafael By Racquel Raneses As dawn breaks, the sun dimly peeks through the early morning dew, revealing reminisces of the crime from the night before. All that is left of Don Rafael’s grave is wilted flowers that once exuded longevity and rebirth and a headstone reminding heartbroken lovers of what once was. Don Rafael was a not like any other. Unlike the rest, Don Rafael was not God fearing, he did not believe in the church’s interpretation of God or what they felt he should live his life by. His only son, Ibarra, bears the same characteristics in the way he nonchalantly dodges social injustices and oppression. Instead of replying in a violent manner, he retaliates in a way that will disrupt them even deeper. He was not looking to hurt those who hurt but to enlighten the hurt. By doing this, it creates an equal balance and lessens the gap between the inferior. Don Rafael is a man of very few words but as many know “actions speak louder than words,” and one can imagine how a man of nobility is like. He can be seen throughout the town, conversing with individuals of all socio-economic standings and would not expect any type of “special” treatment, as he was a man of wealth and status. He was last seen in the streets of his town saving an innocent child from the grips of a gorilla-like man enraged with alcohol seeking the blood of the innocent. This event would ultimately change his life forever. Unlike many of the friars and government officials of the town, he gained the respect of the people and was seen as their own. Though his death was unjustly and morally incorrect, he sacrificed himself to show others of the community how severe the corruption was. Through this, Ibarra was able to revive his family name by continuing his father’s community duties and goals. By building a school and proving to Father Damaso that no matter what he does, Ibarra and his father will seek justice and ultimately overcome his corruption. Then God will truly know who is seeking a most righteous path in life. Pilosopo Tasyo By Apralyn Eribal Pilosopo Tasyo is a walking encyclopedia. He knows a lot about everything, and people think he is a lunatic because he talks about anything and everything under the sun---government, religion, different cultures. His name is Don Anastacio, but people refer to him as Pilosopo Tasyo, Pilosofo Tasyo, Filosofo Tacio (Tacio the Sage), or even
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IP 431 Tacio el Loco (Insane Tasyo), Lunatic Tasyo (Tasyong Baliw), or Imbecile Tacio (Tasyong Sintu-sinto). Pilosopo Tasyo entertains his guests with his knowledge. He talks about the history of purgatory in the house of Don Filipo Lino and Doña Teodora Viña. Although he said that he does not believe in purgatory, he is aware of its history and he also knows the year it originated, the people behind it, and the Saints who started incorporating it in Catholic Church. He knows when and who declared its origins. He is very elaborate in his explanation, almost storylike. He does not only talk about specific parts of religion, he also likes to discuss and make remarks on the Catholic system such as… “If the Catholics are the only ones who can be saved, and of these only five per cent, as many priests say; and since the Catholics form only twentieth part of the earth’s population, if we are to believe that statistic say; after having condemned thousands and thousands of men who lived in the innumerable centuries before the coming of the Savior to this world, and after the son of God has died for us, now only five out of every twelve hundred can be saved?”[82] He is so clever because he learned how to write using hieroglyphs and incorporated the idea into the Filipino language so that people during his time would not be able to read his writings. He addressed his writings for, “other ages… the generation that can decipher these characters would be an educated generation… The mystery, or these curious characters, will save my work from the ignorance of men, as the mystery and the strange rites have saved many truths from the destructive priestly class.”[165] His ideas are something that is not allowed for people to talk about, and that they get hanged for doing so, that is why he had to transpose his writing into something else. If people listen closely to what he says, his ideas matter greatly. He does not care about his appearance unlike everyone else who seemed to always dress according to the occasion, he would rather casually wear the same clothes that he is comfortable with, and everyone seems to be fine with his choices because, everyone knows that he doesn’t have much to buy fancy clothing. He probably ends up spending his money buying books instead of showing off with new clothes. Pilosopo Tasyo is his own character, he never had to please anybody, and he could almost do whatever he could because of his underlying mental condition. After the catastrophe that happened in this town, Pilosopo Tasyo did
not even last until the day of Christmas because he was found dead in his house. The Boatman (Elias) By Mhoana Bello You would have found him on the boat, on the water covered in moss and glistening from the early-afternoon sun that ripples ever so slightly at the touch of the oar which he held in hands, callused from hours of rowing señors and señoritas who unlike himself dressed in fine clothing that was delicate to the touch as it is pleasing to the eye. Elias is a simple man who wears a simple cotton shirt and wool pants, stained with the dirt of the fields and sweat from the heat of the sun. Weary eyes underneath a worn straw hat look onward past the fields and onto a future that leaves that ashes of a dead present state behind. People of the town know him by reputation, but have never really gotten to know him. However, one must look at his past to know him. His past, like himself, is like a spider web, intricately woven like fine Chinese lace, but unlike lace it is not beautiful to look at. This man, like his father before him, carries the burden of his family and the price of being a true indio. Though he was born sheltered from the harsh truths about his genealogy he grew up knowing it like it was a mere bedtime story, uttered by the privileged and disapproving lips of the grandfather he knew. A shamed paternal grandfather and a father he knew as a servant only touched the surface of his tumultuous past. A strong man, people would say, can withstand anything and he is that man. He sees and feels the injustices of his time, and tastes the spite growing in his heart for the government and the Church who seek nothing but the shame of the hard-working indio like himself whose brown skin is enough to cause turmoil from within. Though he has been treated unkindly, he works for these people. He is respected by the common man, but by those who want him only to bow down to them, he is hated and despised except by the sole young Spanish man who regards him with great respect. They work together to make things better for their fellow men who are being persecuted. But while the wheels are only in motion, in vain this man waits. In vain he wants change. In vain, this man wants reform.
“Ignorance is servitude, because as a man thinks, so he is; a man who does not think for himself and allowed himself to be guided by the thought of another is like the beast led by a halter.” - (Dr. Jose Rizal from “Letter to the Young Women of Malolos”)
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IP 396
Why Is It Important to Propagate Folklore? Instructor: Dr. Ruth Mabanglo
Leischene Calingangan Folklore is important for a country and it’s people because it contains their culture and tradition(s). Stories change through time and because folklore is quite old, we can see the changes that have taken place through time in a country. We can see the outside influences that change one’s culture. Folklore can also help us by looking into the history of the country. With this, we can see how the culture either flourished or disintegrated. Because there was little or no written system in the past, stories such as folklore were orally told. With stories being told orally, there is little evidence of how one culture was like in the past. Folklore can be used as a system of looking into a culture to see how they live and other historical aspects of that culture. As the culture was exposed to outside influences, the stories changed because of the outside ideas of life and what not. Culture and tradition is important because we can see how a group of people interacts with each other, socially, and their environment. Folklore is a type of literature that shows a country’s identity and their change through time. Maurice Daniels Folklore is something that is really important to every single culture in the world. With the arrival of the new age of technology (internet, video games, smart phones, etc.), life is now very different for most of the children in the world. The older folks grew up passing time telling stories, singing songs and playing interactive games, but nowadays, kids grow up playing X-Box via online connection, Facebooking or communicating through other technical devices. It is thru the children that a culture is to be preserved. The older generations are getting old and passing on. It is very important to spread folklore orally to the youth because they need to know where the roots of their culture came from. A lot of the traditional stories would make you very proud of your nationalities. Kimberly Henderson The reason why I believe that it is important to propagate folklore is because folklore teaches not only children, but also adults of the different rules of life, about morality, ethical issues, warnings concerning good versus evil, and gives the listener and/or reader that ability to have an understanding of the past. Folklore bonds each generation together through its stories and wisdom. A reader not only learns life lessons, but also can get a Taglagas 2011
general idea of the people, traditions and cultures. There is so much we can learn about another culture that no longer exists in our lifetime. Kris Lazarou Folklore is important because it still gives you a sense of imagination in every story. They give you stories of the beginnings of everything from the moon and sun to the creations of people. They say that there is a reason for everything in life and folklore lets your mind wonder and really go into these things full throttle. Sometimes we forget the beauty of literature and every story gives you an example of what that really means. Folklore should play an important part in everyone's life. Fe-Lyzah Toyama Folklore tales not only serve as entertainment and bedtime stories for our youth and future generations, but they also depict how certain situations are carried out or viewed as appropriate by the according culture. One of the scariest things that can happen is the loss of culture in future generations. This is carried out through the passing of folklore tales through generations of storytelling to ensure this doesn’t happen. They instill moralistic values that are of importance to the culture, while also giving future generations some perspective as to who they are to be. These folklore tales mold our youth to help keep our culture alive for future generations. Without a cultural background, we lose a part of identity; and ourselves because in order to get to where you want to be, you need to know where you come from. Connie Tran Folklores are the traditional tales of a culture that defines an important part of its history. All countries and cultures have their own folklore, making them unique. It is vital that folklore is propagated to keep the history and tradition of a culture alive so we may continue to learn more about a nationality. Tales and stories of a group of people therefore act as a window for their traditions and history. Without folklore, we are unable to learn the rich history and traditions of a culture. We are able to understand, appreciate and compare their beliefs. Stories and tales in folklore provide an opportunity for different communities to gather and tell their tales. It brings people together as we learn about each culture's traditions and beliefs. Katipunan Magazin 39
IP 396 Rowelle Leanne Malijana Folklores define a culture. It describes their origins and customs through their own expressions. It can come in any form, such as music, proverbs, poetry or stories. A culture’s history is described by its people’s legends and folklores. It is an important part in defining a culture and to take that away is to take the existence of the group itself. People identify with folklores and in turn, folklores identify its populace. These are the stories that need to be continued because it is a part of each person’s own story. The people need to be able to uphold their legacy and if not for themselves, for their children. History is taught and studied to learn from it and to grow from it, but also to cherish it. Everyone needs to be proud of the folklores that help define his or her culture. They should share it. It can benefit not only their culture to share, but it would be enjoyable for others to learn about it. To learn about different cultures and traditions are what make up a big part of growing as people. The world is diverse and we all live in it. We need to be able to learn and accept each other. The best way to do this is to learn more about each other, and we can start by learning the history of the different cultures. Folklores define a culture. Trent Yamada As a child in Hawaii, I was exposed to folklore from all over the world. The Tooth fairy, Hansel and Gretel, the Iliad, Momotaro. All were very important to my upbringing and, I believe, started shaping my imagination at a very young age. I also believe that folklore is used as a way to pass down a piece of culture through the generations and acts as the glue that keeps some cultures afloat. It binds the young and the old together and weaves a proverbial tapestry entwined with the dreams of the youth, and the memories of the aged. Folklore is a very important part of culture and was very important to my upbringing. Nelson Rivera It is a known fact that in time all things change. Cultural identity is no exception. Yet cultural identity seems to be resistant to change unlike the hi-tech or fashion trends of this, our 21st century. If the aspects of our culture that exist deep in its roots are like a stone slowly being eroded by the dripping waters of changing times, then the superficial and material aspects of our culture are the specks of dust that settle on the surface of the stone. With each drop of water, these specks of dust wash away only to be replaced by new dust. But why compare cultural identity to a stone? The answer: persistence. Our cultural identities remain within our hearts from generation to generation simply because they are put there, and from there they are given to the next generation. The passing of knowledge, unspecific, yet 40 Katipunan Magazin
relevant in every one of our lives happens when we pass on culture. Some of the earliest images of human culture were not images at all, but stories. As our ancestors spoke, they created an image of a culture through sound. With short tongues, and gesturing hands our ancestors gave us culture, an official hearsay. Folklore, like any document today, was something that could be referred back to for the purposes of cultural education. In each story was an exemplar of cultural value, and a rotten opposite with a clear lesson about whom to love or hate. Through the telling of folklore our cultures have been preserved. Through the telling of folklore our cultures are remaining--like stones. Imagine, though, a culture without folklore. Without folklore cultural identity would be more difficult to pass on. Without folklore, perhaps the dripping water of changing times, eroding our stone of identity, would come on less like water from a leaky faucet and more like water from a bursting waterfall. Victor Vidal Folklore is a rendering of a culture, which has been passed down orally from generation to generation. It includes stories of many kinds and other pertinent information regarding a culture—folk recipes, remedies, etc. Folklore is relevant because the stories that were told as entertainment for adults in past centuries have been passed on to next generations. Written collections of folklore have been around for centuries. Today many of these stories and others from diverse cultures are retold and illustrated. It is therefore important because it teaches guidelines, moral codes, ethics, warnings, and gives the present a window into a past that no longer exists. It is a link for each generation into the wisdom of the folk soul of the people, traditions, and culture. Through folklore we can learn much about each culture, each tradition, and each nationality. Folklore is an essential part of any culture and deserves to be preserved. Lawrence Pulido The importance of spreading folktales is to keep the stories and values of the people alive. Most folktales have survived throughout the generations simply because they have been passed on in written and oral form. In modern times, the explanation of natural occurrences can be explained through science and research but it does not define the people’s culture. That’s where folktales come in, as these stories deliver a strong background on the people's customs and local beliefs. Eric Malimban It’s important to pass folklore on, because this is the way that our people’s beliefs and customs are passed down. I personally believe that Filipinos have forgotten where they come from, and they always are trying to be Taglagas 2011
IP 396 westernized. Just look at how all their celebrities are always half Anglo. It sort of shows me that Filipinos are ashamed of their culture, and it’s very sad, and they even go as far as to bleach their skin white. I personally believe the reason Filipinos forget their culture is because no Filipino values are handed down to the younger generations, and this can be accomplished by folklore. For example, how many Filipino Americans do you know that speak another language other than English? Not many I bet. Maybe if they were to be told folklore as little kids in any Philippine Language our culture would not be forgotten. Brittany Kiyabu Folklore is a very important aspect of culture. Retelling folk stories provides an opportunity for people to share their culture and beliefs. The simple act of reciting a myth or legend is a means by which culture spreads. People all around the world can be educated about other cultures through these entertaining stories. Folk stories not only tell the beliefs of a culture but also explain their way of life. Through folk stories, one can begin to understand what type of lifestyle a particular culture endured. Passing on these stories essentially keeps these long lost cultures alive. Justine Tenn Folklore is worth propagating because it is so integral to traditional cultures. It allows the receiver to share an intimate insight into the way of life that was present when a certain story was devised. Without folklore there would be no basis for the modern generation to understand their heritage and where they came from. Folklore also serves to instill a sense of importance on creativity. Through story telling, a person is able to create unique and imaginative explanations for seemingly ordinary occurrences. Traditionally, folklore stories were passed through the generations orally; it was a means to bring the people together. If folklore is not propagated we lose a key piece of cultural heritage and history. The young generations of the world would grow up not knowing where they came from and what they are a part of.
them, we have no sense of self. Knowing where you're from is the greatest indicator of where you're going in life, so we must perpetuate these folk takes so that the culture and the people live on. Paul Klimke The Importance of perpetuating folklore in a culture may seem trivial and not as important as say learning language and about values etc., but after taking this class on literature and folklore I would argue that it is very important for several reasons. Folklore is a way of connecting to ancestors and cultural values and an understanding of those values through story. Yes folklore is often sensational and even magical but I think in today’s world of mass media and instant communication and visual technologies (i.e. video games. etc) we are losing some of our abilities to think creatively and use our imaginations to think critically about culture and gain a better understanding of it. In the end it is important to propagate the tradition of folklore and storytelling because it is important to know how to tell a good story and to be able to pass it on to the children of the next generation so that they too can experience the joy of using their imaginations to learn about their own as well as different cultures around the world. Jade Clark Every culture in the world has traditional folk stories that portray values, rules, and also as explanations for the natural world. The tradition of spreading folklore was important in ancient societies since the stories were told in groups or passed from older generations to the younger. Also, the biggest significance of folklore is stories are used to explain and give understanding to the world while passing on the culture values such as how to be a good and righteous person and what are deemed wrong and right in their society. A key aspect of folklore is that it has the ability to change and adapt to younger generations, yet also shows the history of their ancestors.
Christopher Fujimori The reason why I think that we should propagate folk tales in general is because it enables us to enrich our culture and keep traditions and beliefs intact. I believe that folk tales keep us grounded to our roots and remind us where we come from, and without Taglagas 2011
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IP 368B—01
Nationalism: Depicted in Filipino Films Class Editors: Jerome Balbin at Jam Nicole Cristobal Instructor: Kuya Jovanie Dela Cruz The IP 368B class have been analyzing Filipino films this semester, and exploring the different aspects of being Filipino. These films include Kubrador, Crying Ladies, Mababangong Bangungot, Tuli, Dekada ’70, and Oro Plata Mata. The articles presented focus on the issues of nationalism and identity as exemplified in all the films that we have screened. Yvette Butac and Mac Neil Moresca Filipino is a term used to describe people who were born in the Philippines, lived there, or have origins tracing back to the country. To be a true Filipino is to be proud of your roots, and to embody the culture. Distinguishing oneself does not always come easy. Some people lose sight of who they truly are in wanting to be something else. In the movie Perfumed Nightmare, the main character struggled to find his true identity as a Filipino. He had to go on a journey abroad to discover where he really belonged. Perfumed Nightmare is a story about a young Filipino man named Kidlat Tahimik who lived in the little village of Balian. He had an obsession with American culture, and often listened to the “Voice of America” on the radio. Kidlat also dreamt about going to Disneyland and Cape Canaveral, and even about becoming an astronaut for NASA one day. He really admired the American lifestyle, and believed that people abroad had a better life because their world was so advanced. There were many factors that could have led Kidlat to dream of a “better” life. Back then, the Philippines was still a third-world country. Life was hard for most people especially for the provincials. Many people in Kidlat’s village lived in bamboo huts. Resources and jobs were very limited. Kidlat was just a jeepney driver, and his little sister, Alma, sold popsicles to help with the expenses. There was not much room for advancement where they lived because the economic conditions were really rough. In addition, traditional and cultural Filipino practices were also being lost. For example, people were becoming more interested in going to engineering schools rather than continuing practices like the art of bamboo building. In the end, modern technology arose, and eventually took over. Signs of American influence were everywhere as well such as Marlboro cigarette billboards, gum, etc. Fortunately for Kidlat, his longing for the American Dream was almost inevitable. Kidlat’s luck eventually changed, and he was 42 Katipunan Magazin
given a chance to live out his dream when an American soldier gave him the opportunity to move abroad. The American owned a chewing gum business, and wanted Kidlat to work for him in Paris. When he finally got there, Kidlat enjoyed his new life, and he felt like Paris was everything he imagined it would be and more. Modern technology was everywhere. It was surreal; however, that quickly came to an end. As Kidlat traveled to Paris, Germany, and America, he became more aware of the reality of the Western world. He saw corruption, cultural destruction, and even harsh living conditions. Everyone was all about money, and expanding their businesses. Big factories and buildings took over the city. Local merchants and vendors were becoming obsolete. It was rare to find something handcrafted or authentic. He also missed his family and friends. Although he was surrounded by a lot of new people, Kidlat still felt like an outsider because in his eyes, the white people looked down on him. In fact, of all the people he met, he could mostly relate to the old people, who like himself, valued simplicity. Eventually, Kidlat came to realize that this world was not what he wanted, so he decided to go back home. Although he could no longer view his homeland in the same way, Kidlat returned to the Philippines with a new outlook on life. Ultimately, he learned to appreciate the more meaningful things in life, like tradition and culture, and was finally proud to be a Filipino. Jerome Clemente and Krystle Lane Urmeneta Nationalism is one's loyalty and devotion to its nation and also excessive patriotism. Nationalism is also the desire for national advancement and independence. Nationalism has many meanings, and can be shown in many different ways, but in the end, nationalism plays a big role in creating national identity. The movie Dekada '70 took place during the Martial Law, which displayed various examples of nationalism. Julian, the father and the head of the family, Taglagas 2011
IP 368B—01 expressed a sense of nationalism in the beginning of the film by supporting the president's announcement of Martial Law. He explained how Martial Law was good for the country, and agreed with the president's decision. On the other hand, his eldest son Jules did not agree with the Martial Law, but did display nationalism by joining the New People's Army. The New People's Army was an activist group, and an armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines. The Communist Party of the Philippines raised awareness about the economic inequality in the Philippines. He gave up his life to fight for the freedom of his people, and fought for what was right. Although the other son, Gani, does not show an extensive passion for politics as Jules does, Gani decided to join the United States Navy because of the good benefits and pay that the U.S. Military provided. The Bartomlome’s third son, Em, also displayed political and social awareness like Jules. Instead of becoming an activist like Jules, he chose to express his beliefs through journalism. However, his stories rarely got published in mainstream print media due to the implemented state censorship during Martial Law. After seeing the sons of activist mothers get killed and her very own son killed by the government, Amanda herself displayed nationalism by continuing her sons’ fight by being an activist herself. In a scene from the movie, you could see her in front of a protest chanting, and displaying her dislike towards the government. Overall, many of these examples that illustrate nationalism provide a sense of common national identity that may be called upon at some point for political and/or social mobilizations. In addition, the movie displayed many great examples of scenes of protest, and a collective action of creating and preserving traumatic memories through writing and voice. It is a memory and history of common struggle depicted in a film that brings together individuals to form a common Filipino national identity regardless of their historical, social, political, or physical location.
Jam Nicole Cristobal and Camille Cristobal Left naked on a block of ice while the fan blew on him, electrocuted multiple times, face covered with a chemically dampened cloth limiting his breathing, and legs beaten over and over again, these are just some of the torturous acts done to Jules, so that he would confess to the Filipino government officials. Why was he so resilient to this cruelty when he could have just come clean? One of the main reasons was Jules’ nationalistic Taglagas 2011
personality. Jules and the rest of the Bartolome family in Dekada ’70 vividly showed nationalism throughout the movie. Jules, one of the five sons in the movie, was one of the protagonists for Filipino independence. He portrayed an ideal nationalistic individual. The characteristics that he showed throughout the movie were fitting attributes of a nationalistic person. Nationalism is a political belief that involves a strong identification with a nation. It involves deep emotions because their goals are to achieve, maintain or enhance their position in the world. Jules was the eldest of five brothers in the Bartolome family. As a college student, his extended knowledge of the Philippine country and rights led him to gain a stronger sense of nationalism. The time of this movie was set in the 1970’s, and during that time, there were many protests, and Jules was one of the student activists. When he believed in something, he did not just sit around, he tried to make a difference, and create change. After the Martial Law was declared, he joined the New People’s Army, the military wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines that was formed in March 1969, in order to fight for his beliefs. Jules was against the Martial Law and the corrupt Philippine government, and by joining the NPA he could fight the government. An example of how he showed his commitment to NPA and his country was by withstanding torture. When Jules was captured, they wanted him to leak out information; they tried to by physically torturing him. They made him lay on a block of ice, beat him, and did other inhumane acts to him, but Jules kept quiet, and survived the torments. Jules was fighting for all the Filipino’s rights. He wanted the Philippines to have a better government, and his nationalistic characteristics showed that. He was committed, strong, and successful towards the fight for the betterment of his country. Other members of the Bartolome family exemplified nationalism as well. Emmanuel was similar to Jules because he did not support the Marcos regime. Instead of joining the New People’s Army, Emmanuel wrote stories about how the military treated civilians. During Martial Law, Marcos censored all forms of media. If the media did not portray him in a positive way, it could not be published. Emmanuel would travel to the province, and write stories about what really happened. Julian and Amanda supported nationalism by supporting their sons’ decisions. Julian at first did not agree with Jules’s decision to leave, and go to the province. He later realized that no matter what his son decided, he had to make his own decisions, and all they could do was support him. One scene in the movie showed Julian and Amanda protecting their son by not Katipunan Magazin 43
IP 368B—01 telling the authorities where he was even when the military tore everything apart in their home. Julian was proud of his family for not saying the wrong answer when they were being threatened by the military. Amanda was also proud when they said that Jules was a political officer. After one of their sons was killed by the military, Julian and Amanda began to realize the negativity of the Marcos regime. At the end of the movie, Amanda stood up against the Marcos regime by protesting, and showing her support for the People’s Power Revolution. The Bartolome family exhibited various acts of nationalism. By standing up for what they believed in, it eventually made an impact in society. The Bartolome family had to endure hardships in order to support nationalism.
and actions. Filipinos also adopted some Chinese cultures and traditions. One example is the celebration of Chinese New Year. Filipinos participate in the yearly celebration. Like the New Year that Filipinos celebrate on the first of January, a variety of food and firework displays are seen. Thus, providing more income to those who have firework businesses. Feng Shui has been long adopted by most Filipinos. Like the Chinese, they believe that it will provide good luck and/or good fortune. When building a house, or rearranging furnitures, a person who does Feng Shui is summoned. Most Filipinos also associate their horoscope to their decisions in life. In the movie, Wilson’s mom wanted to know their birthdays because they might fall under the category that brings bad luck.
Tai Seng Wai and Jose Barbasa Sheryl Nillo and Alvin Namnama The film portrayed the blending of Chinese and Filipino cultures. According to Chinese tradition, having “crying ladies” during a wake signifies that there was a lot of people who were saddened due to the person’s death. As a result, the deceased will be easily accepted into heaven. Filipino ladies were then hired to cry during a Chinese funeral like in the film. They were not there to show their sympathy or condolences, but rather to earn money. Nonetheless, the Chinese community provided great help to Filipinos especially to those who were unemployed. They have been dominating various businesses throughout the Philippines for decades. The Chinese in the Philippines are mostly business owners, and their lives center mostly in the family business, which create jobs for many Filipinos. The good relationship between the two ethnicities was portrayed as well. One of the main characters, Stella, was shown to have a good relationship with her boss. She was able to leave work although it was not time for her to leave yet. Chinese people are family-oriented like most Filipinos, which make it easier for each other to relate their feelings when it comes to family matters. Stella worked at a small shop where they make paper models of cars, money, phone, etc. to be burned at Chinese funerals. This is also a part of their culture, which signifies the status of the deceased in the afterlife. Being exposed to the mixture of cultures as a kid is one of the most amazing experiences. FilipinoChinese people are also known as “tsinoy” were no different from a Filipino or “pinoy.” They have adopted Philippines as their permanent home, which make them similar to most Filipinos when it comes to their beliefs 44 Katipunan Magazin
Nationalism is a philosophy that revolves around a group of individuals’ strong association to a political unit that is defined by a nation. It is through the ideals of nationalism that a national identity is established and perpetuated. Iconic symbols such as national flags and national anthems are deemed sacred as if they represented a religious faith rather than a political entity. The mass media is a great vessel in which the ideals of nationalism can be easily disseminated to the people of a nation. One such important medium that allows for such ease of dispersing these ideology and beliefs is film. Film is a powerful tool not only because it provides entertainment, but also because it is the perfect medium through which propagandas and commentaries can be carried out. The masses gravitate towards film because it is one of the cheapest forms of entertainment. It is the perfect getaway from a stressful day at work or simply a way to spend some quality time with family and friends. For Chito S. Roño, it was the most ideal way to portray the political ideology of nationalism. In his film entitled Dekada ’70, Roño explores and depicts a man’s strong national identity as he leaves his family to join a group that vows to free the people from the oppressive dictatorship of then-President Ferdinand E. Marcos. On September 21, 1972, the Philippines was placed under Martial Law, and this declaration changed the course of Philippine history. Under this proclamation, people’s rights were violated through the Armed Forces’ use of torture to gather information as well as the suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus. The constitution was also suspended during this time, and a curfew was even established; if a person was caught out on the streets during the forbidden hours, he was more than likely arrested. Taglagas 2011
IP 368B—01 These were just some of the injustices that the Filipino people experienced during these dark times. In the movie, Jules (the eldest Bartolome son) was never in agreement with his father who was a supporter of Marcos and his strong affiliation with the Americans. He was a strong nationalist who wanted to free the people from the oppression that was brought upon by Marcos’ claim to power, and his proclamation of Martial Law. He joined the New People’s Army (Bagong Hukbong Bayan) whose ideology was to create a “New Democracy,” and veer away and end Marcos’ dictatorship. As a student, Jules participated in many rallies. In one scene, we saw a mass of people outside of the Malacañang Palace, arm in arm as they formed a barricade. This scene was strengthened, and heavily infused with nationalism as the national anthem rose above the heavy yelling and jeering. The words in the national anthem are indeed empowering. The last two lines of the song, which goes, “Aming ligaya na pag may mang-aapi, ang mamatay ng dahil sa iyo” exhibits one’s willingness to die for the betterment and protection of one’s beloved nation. Right after the anthem was sung, a riot ensued, and people were injured in the clash with the cops. This scene clearly defined what nationalism is - it is the willingness to die for what is right as well as for the freedom of one’s beloved nation.
Luke Brog and Jeffrey Aganos Perfumed Nightmare was a very interesting movie that showed Kidlat’s journey from the indigenous Philippines to modern society, and back again. Kitlap is native to the Philippines, and grew up in a pretty native setting (bamboo huts, dirt roads). His goal was to become an astronaut, and fly out to space. He wanted to be the first Filipino astronaut. He was always listening to the radio especially news about space. He got in contact with a military guy, and he traveled with him to modern societies (first Europe, then America). At first, he was amazed by these societies, but then the glimmer and glam wore off, and he realized how modernization was not what he thought it was. He returned home to find his native land being industrialized with a highway being built by his hometown. Everyone experiences at least one identity crisis in his or her lifetime. As we have become more mobile because of inventions like the airplane and automobile, we must redefine ourselves in various situations, communities, and places. Typically, people have at least one major identify crisis around their teenage to mid20’s, and smaller ones throughout the rest of their lifetime as they "settle down" into communities, families, and other groups. If we did not constantly Taglagas 2011
redefine ourselves, we would not grow and learn. We would not fully experience life. It is crucial to question, "Who am I? Where am I going? What do I want to do (as in Judy's case)?" If we did not, we would not progress. Cultural identity played a big part in this movie. Kidlat is a Filipino, but he was fascinated by the modern world, and desperately wanted to move to America to see the new world and modernization. What Kidlat does not expect was all the pollution and garbage, and the mean people in the modern world that he had dreamed about. He returned home with much more respect for his country and his culture, and found that modernization is building a highway through his hometown. So Kidlat went from wanting to escape his cultural identity to returning back to his cultural identity with great pride. The film was made in 1976, and the message of the movie is very prevalent today. There is so much industrialization that is still going on across the world; there are forests being torn down everyday, animals losing their habitat, and indigenous peoples losing their culture and their land. Nowadays, many people know the evil side of industrialization and modernization, but back then, people thought that it was glamorous to some degree. In my opinion, there seems to be more pride in cultural identity when a country rejects industrialization nowadays because they know the downsides of it from seeing its effects. But back then, the negative effects were not so obvious yet, and people seemed to be more willing to give up their cultural identity to the U.S. and modernization and industrialization in general. The filmmaker titled this movie Perfumed Nightmare because though Kidlat Tahimik saw America to be the greatest thing, one being beautiful, it was not at all what he thought it would be because of all the social issues out there. Something that was perceived to be beautiful ended up being a disaster to him. Cultural identity is important, and has both positive and negative aspects about it. It helps define different cultures through traditions. It ties in with industrialization of the culture handling the industrialization, and how they adapt to it or not adapt to it. Industrialization can affect the cultural identity, and change it either for better or for worse. It is a process. Industrialization is the expansion of goods and services, and the productivity of a nation and its people. Pride is lost when you are told you cannot fulfill certain wishes.
Kirsten Kadoyama and Krystle Pastores To define the term “nationalism” is to create an infinite array of distinct definitions. The method of Katipunan Magazin 45
IP 368B—01 displaying love and loyalty to one’s country can be as personal as an individual’s fingerprint. Although the motives behind these patriotic actions may all come from a similar devotion to the motherland, the way this devotion is shown varies from individual to individual. The unique displays of nationalism were clearly shown in the film Dekada ’70. Although Julian routinely asserted himself as the leader of the Bartolome clan, his feelings of nationalism brought out obedient and submissive qualities in him. On numerous occasions, he was shown voicing his unconditional support for Marcos and the Martial Law. Shortly after Martial Law was imposed, Julian was preaching to the family during dinner, “They wouldn’t impose Martial Law if it’s not needed…But then, it’s all for the good of the country. At least, while reforms are being implemented.” The nationalistic feelings of Amanda revealed her inner strength and confidence. In the opening and closing scenes of the film, the always-dutiful wife was shown protesting against the Marcos dictatorship. At the head of the demonstration, she was shown chanting, “The masses, the country…are fighting for their freedom!” Jules, the first-born, displayed his nationalistic sentiments in a very straightforward way. Acting as a political officer for the New People’s Army (NPA), he struggled against the militaristic Marcos regime in a fight for the freedom of the Philippine people. Unlike Jules, Em was not physical in his fight against the Marcos dictatorship. He showed national pride with the use of paper and pen. He wrote numerous articles informing the public of the government’s wrongdoings although the censorship of the press ensured that none of them were published. In conclusion, nationalism is a concept, which may be explored in different ways with several notable manifestations of this ideology represented by the characters in Dekada ’70. A careful examination of Julian, Amanda, Jules, and Em shows these individuals to emerge as figures of nationalistic pride and struggle and its various forms.
Florante Baptista and Nescia Ponce What does it mean to be a Filipino? To be a Filipino can mean many different things depending on the person. We Filipino may be described as people who have a strong sense of family value, having an undying faith to our religion, or a strong sense of respect towards our elderly and loved ones. These are just a few of how we Filipinos are described and viewed by others. 46 Katipunan Magazin
The heartwarming comedy film Crying Ladies is a great example of what Filipinos are known for. The film revolves around Stella who is hired by Wilson Chua (half-Filipino and half-Chinese) for a week-long crying gig at a traditional Chinese funeral. Accompanying Stella are two of her friends, Choleng and Chua, who have different dilemmas throughout the story. Stella represents the Filipinos who constantly look for any means of work in order to survive. Being hired to cry at a funereal is not your typical job, but as long as it provides pay, the job is perfect to Stella. Stella also represents someone who cares deeply for her family. Throughout the film, Stella is taking care of her son, and although she is not able to provide the perfect living condition for him specifically because she just got out of jail, she still puts in the effort to try to take care of him. She does not have much money, but she still buys Bong the toys that he wants, and uses her money to call and check up on him while she is at work. Other Filipinos also try their luck at, in Stella’s words, those “stupid TV shows” where contestants are forced to dress up in crazy costumes, and wake up early in order to get a spot on the show. Although this is not the ideal way to make a living, this shows that Filipinos are willing to do anything to provide for themselves and their family. Stella also represents how forgiving Filipinos are. After learning that her job as a crying woman was for her enemy, the one who put her in jail, she continued to do her job. She even started to feel remorse for the deceased’s family. This also shows loyalty to their commitments. To add comedic relief to the film, Choleng and Chua livens up the film with their humorous actions. Chua who is a B-movie actress constantly brags about how big of a movie star she is although her actual role was very small. Her pride in her work shows the Filipino’s way of always appreciating our achievements no matter how big or small it is, and shows how passionate she is with acting. Lastly, we have Choleng who constantly makes the wrong choices in life such as committing adultery. Despite her negative actions, she still has a strong sense of religion, which is seen through her comedic confessions and her constant volunteering at the church. The film Crying Ladies not only featured the Filipino’s sense of humor, but also features what makes Filipinos who they are. Filipinos are hardworking, have strong family ties, and are very passionate, and loyal to everything they do.
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IP 368B—02
Character Sketches from Philippine Movies Class Editors: Ian Joseph Lagua and Joyce Camille Ramano Instructor: Tita Pia Arboleda In a film, the story is brought to life by the thoughts and actions of the characters. The characters in a film represent the different types of people in society, and the interrelationship among them contributes to the narrative that reflects a real life story in society. The following character sketches from the students of IP 368B-002 characterize not only particular people in Filipino film, but the different types of Filipinos from different places and time as well. Apo, The Wise Old Man from Sa Pusod ng Dagat Karl Alcover In a remote island, you will find the wise old man who lives in a tiny but sturdy hut built by the ocean shore that can stand the swift storm after the bright summer season. The dried woven nipa leaves line the hut from the ceiling to the ground where you can find chicks-cradling hens take shelter. During the day, the tiny windows are opened by sliding the awnings to the side through bamboo sticks placed on top of the windows. These tiny windows allow tropical ocean breezes to cool and blow the hanging green leaves and branches the old man uses in his healings. The wind also pushes the heat from the candles and wood fires used in blending and cooking his remedies. Not just the wind, the sun sheds some light in the dark room of the wise old man where he keeps his medicinal and healing paraphernalia. He wears long-sleeved plain colored shirts that appear to be fading as the result of constant wear and wash for a very long time. He would fold the sleeves from his wrists to the top of his wrinkled elbows exposing his brown, wrinkled skin like cracked barks of the apitong tree showing its maturity and age. As an herb doctor, he wraps a darkcolored scarf around his head to signify him being a healer while others think it is an amulet. The scarf accentuates his facial expressions during healing depicting how bad the situations were. His bottom clothes are plain colored and folded from his ankle to his knees, which exposes the veins where the blood flows inside his old but strong flesh and body. Between these protruding veins are concaves of the skin looking like a withering fruit showing that its flesh has no longer filled fully its own skin; that time has shrank his flesh like the water deepening the soil in the concaves of the ground between the roots of the old apitong tree. His brown skin is a testament of overexposure to the sun like the withered grass we find in the lawn - leaves turned yellow and brown in the drought. The wise old man treats everybody on the island like his children, giving them his homemade medicines when they are ill. The homemade medicines are free because the
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leaves, branches and other natural ingredients are free and fresh from nature. The hut windows expose the old man extracting juices from these organic materials. Green leaves, herbs branches and roots are pounded in the mortar like grapes in a bucket being stepped on by some dancing ladies rejoicing for some wine extract. He puts them in small bottles that line the little shelf near a corner of the living room adjacent to the front door. He also offers some green leafy herbs bunched together by yellowish withering tendrils of plants. In return, people offer him respect, honor and trust. They view him as the learned and the most knowledgeable person on the island. The old man goes around to seek some sickly people. In a soft, concerned tone of voice, the old man asked, “What is her illness?� He would then offer explanations and usually they were common beliefs on the island like being cursed by an engkanto and duwende. He would soon offer his homemade medicines and provide hope to the sickly. He also articulates in a firm, commanding voice in need of justice and punishment to those who do not abide him. Lola Loleng from Tanging Yaman Raymond L. Bermudez The first thing that comes to mind when you see Lola Loleng is that she is very old. Lola takes care of eighty hectares of land in a house. The house is white, but you can barely tell that. It is so weathered that there are cracks all over the building. You can tell the years have not been good to the house. The white hairs all over her head look like a mess of spiders and spider webs. Lola Loleng always has her hair tied up. She wears a dress all the time. She looks as frail as a bunch of Skyflake crackers, and as white as them too. Looking like a raisin does not even begin to describe Lola Loleng. The wrinkles just add to her age and give her the usual old person look. Her posture is hunched showing more signs of old age. Lola Loleng is as traditional as any Filipino grandmother can be. She upholds her views with a stern
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IP 368B—02 position. She does not allow herself to be persuaded so easily. Lola Loleng is all about the family even though she could not keep her own from falling apart. She gets mad when she does not get what she wants. In her head, she is hotheaded and short-tempered. Lola Loleng is very, very religious, which is keeping true to a Filipino stereotype. She lets herself become overwhelmed in masses. The head of the household ever since her husband passed away, she respects his wishes and upholds his traditions. She is the strong powerful voice that everyone obeys. Yet she has a soft side that makes her kind and unknowing like a child. She wears her feelings on her sleeve. Lola Loleng’s taste buds are too old that she cannot taste flavors. She feels her memory slipping away day after day. Melinda from Mga Munting Tinig Jeffrey Ryan Calaro A young university graduate seeking to make a difference amongst children encounters the struggles of being a substitute teacher; dressed in a long skirt and a collared shirt emphasizing her slender figure, Melinda steps into a remote barrio, Malawig. With farming, animals and an array of people in sight, the barrio is the new home for Melinda. An area that is poverty-stricken and where older individuals, as well as children, work in the farms, which proves life to be a struggle. Stepping onto unfamiliar ground, Melinda was greeted with a warm welcome from the students and staff of Malawig Elementary School. Shocked by the resources at hand, Melinda is eager to teach and make a difference. Small classrooms, run down equipment, limited textbooks, and a lack of discipline of the children, Melinda seeks to empower these children with her knowledge. Generous and caring, Melinda exuberates much more than her love for teaching, but also her love for music. Gratifying and relaxing, Melinda plays the flute, which was heard across the school with students hearing the beauty of the music being played. With her initiative and determination, Melinda sees the potential of her students and the school. In opposition of her views and ideas, corrupt staff members view it differently. Struggles and tribulations do not stop Melinda; the education of the children is important and there will be no dead end. Children coming from different backgrounds of life at home became involved with labor at a very young age. Parents, who endure sweat and tears, seek help from their children - turning them away from receiving an education that is worth fighting for.
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Breaking down and losing hope, Melinda questions her position. A lady with a small voice and such a big heart was losing her reasons, and being accepted in this new environment was becoming a downfall. The show goes on, and there is hope. Gaining the acceptance and cooperation from the parents, Melinda is beginning to see the difference in the school as well as the children. Music becomes engrained in the children, and Melinda believes the talent of the students will prove to be beneficial for the school and themselves. Dedication and hard work from the students proves to be a success when they won the singing contest. Tears of joy run down Melinda’s face as she watches her students. Her charm, intellect, and talent were proven to make a difference in the lives of these children. Her small voice and big heart spread across Malawig and touched each individual. Lino from Milan Radiant L. Cordero Three creases line the width of his forehead as Lino increases his pace, quickens double time as he sputters English words with his Manileno twang that gains some attention from the faces that resemble the faces of the people in his motherland in a land where the mothers of his land struggle. From his forehead, an inch below, his eyes furiously scan the sea of people, dancing left, then right, then stopping for a millisecond to let people pass through them, dancing like every person knew this synchronized dance like professionals. Lino bumps and breaks their strides, and with every irritable Italian exclamation, those three creases turn into four, five… The increase of lines is only the beginning of the signs that frustration is written all over Lino’s face. While his light brown mestizo skin burns a light red, his parted hair drops and begins to drape his face and sticks unevenly to his forehead and his temples. Lino dons a sweatshirt as dark as the wings of a bat, thick in material and lightly sculpting his chest as he runs. As he breathes and his chest heaves as if his heart is trying to pry out if his chest, an oval mark of sweat lines from the beginning of his neck halfway to his navel. His neck is halfcovered by the dark sweatshirt, only looking tighter and tighter, as if his sweatshirt was choking him at every moment that frustration strikes him. Fingertips white, gripping a business card sized photo with a woman, as fair as those Belo whitening lotion bottles themselves. Lino extends his arms to every single person that may look related to him. His lips
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IP 368B—02 tighten, but widen like a four-year-old who has lost his mother in a coliseum-sized mall. Everyone around Lino looks comfortable in thin clothing – skirts, shorts, sleeveless tops, and Lino himself wraps his body with just half his neck, face, and his wrist to his hands out in the open. Celso from Baler Ian Lagua Take a look into the past - the time is 1898 in the Philippines during the Spanish occupation. Tension between the Filipinos and Spanish forces were rising throughout the Philippines especially in the Aurora province of Baler. Among the Spanish soldiers, there was one solider that was different. He can be distinguished by his cutest innocent smile. His name was Celso of Spanish decent, so he was tall. Like a teenage mango tree, he was tall - a little above the height of an average Filipino man, but not tall enough that his beloved Filipino lass Feliza could kiss him so deeply. He has a smile from an angelic face that illuminates the darkest night. His hair as dark as the abyss, but short and smooth and soft as Chinese silk. His kind and thoughtful voice called for his beloved Feliza as angels from the heavens gazed with envy. A voice that was gentle like a morning breeze and soft like freshly picked cotton drifting towards the distant plains proclaiming his deep love for his beloved. Brown eyes that were like creamy milk chocolate that melts in your mouth in seconds. Skin as fair as fresh milk squeezed from a cows udders. His face was shaped like a freshly picked apple from a harvest with strong facial features that were carved in like a pumpkin for Halloween. A strong young masculine body covered by a light blue uniform like a cloudless morning sky adorned his body, which displayed his loyalty and service to the Spaniards. A man filled with enough courage to take down three bloodthirsty tigers that were ready to pounce at any second. With all that courage, his loyalty remained ‘till the end, and became his own enemy and demise. His mind was filled with a range of ideas and concern about the brutality of war to the ashes of peace and prosperity. There was one thing that was always on his mind - his love for the lovely Feliza. An image of Feliza with a heart-cutting smile allured his mind as days went by as they franticly held the Baler church until reinforcements arrived. His heart ached as his body tried to hold on ‘till the end. His body beat with warm reddish blood of a Filipino and Spanish ancestry, though his heart pumped the pride of a Filipino. His hopes for a future filled with love, kindness, and forgiveness, but his destiny was paved with the cobblestones of uncertainly, sadness, and tragedy.
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Julian Bartolome from Dekada ’70 Karl-Ryan Meyer His eyes pierce your soul when he is angry. His loud voice is like thunder roaring when he gets mad. His black, combed-back hair and well-trimmed moustache are slightly intimidating because they make him look really strict. Julian Bartolome, short in nature, but he carries himself tall like the buildings he created as an architect engineer. He never backs down in conversation like a matador staring down the eyes of a bull. He will always have the answers for everything like a guru of a temple. Julian will always provide for his family to the very end without asking for anyone’s help. He would rather die like a soldier in a battle before anyone like his wife could get a job. Julian never sees the emotional pain he inflicts on his wife just like a rabid dog turning on his master. Julian Bartolome loves his family with all of his heart, but does not realize that his actions are making them distant from him like the moon and the sun. Jules Bartolome from Dekada ’70 Jonathan G. Juan Every family, regardless of ethnicity, always has a rebel child or so called “black sheep of the family.” The rebellious child always does something very radical or out of the norm to get recognized because they are under the shadow of the eldest child. In the Bartolome family, the black sheep of all the siblings was the second oldest child named Jules. Jules is an activist, and he participates in the school rallies along with his classmates. Jules is the type of guy that stands strong for what he believes in. Later on in his life, he leaves his family to join a movement. Jules has bushy eyebrows, and long black hair that reaches the back of his neck. Jules’ bangs are also swished back as if the wind is blowing it back majestically. His eyes are big and almond-shaped with dark brown pupils and a little sparkle in the middle as if there is a star in each of his eyes. Jules has a soft smile with white teeth that sparkle like the night sky on a clear night. You also see the bags underneath his eyes because he is so active with the movement that he joined in the countryside. Whenever Jules
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IP 368B—02 speaks, you can hear the deepness and the soothing feeling in his voice just like the people on the radio. Despite his soothing voice, his breath reeks of cigarette smoke and alcohol. When he was captured and tortured, you could see the scars and blood on his face and limbs. He was also bald with little porcupine hair. Due to all the torture, Jules was walking with a limp towards his family, but he had a much bigger smile from ear to ear because he loved seeing his family. Dora from Kimmy Dora Cezar Papa Jr. The very opposite of the essences of her smart, dominant, and mean twin sister Kimmy, Dora grew up with autism. However, her tradeoff, from what Kimmy wanted, was the love she received. Dora was innocent as a kitten in a montage of Youtube videos sweet as a loving grandmother to her granddaughter. Dora’s silhouette resembled that of a Barbie doll with a loose head, making it skewed to one side. Even her normal everyday movements such as walking, took after a Barbie doll - arms locked into a single swinging unit, legs moved like 2 x 4’s, never bending at the knees, and a frozen smile that made it so confounded to her identical twin Kimmy. Along with this unique physical attribute was how she talked. When she introduced her dog friend Mikey to her twin sister, her voice was like that of a middle school child with the nuisance and enthusiasm of an elementary school kid - higher pitch than an average adult woman with the innocence of a child. Just the sound of her voice could warm your heart like the sound of children laughing in the snow during Christmas. As for Dora’s inner self, she has a fondness to animals especially for her pet Mikey. Such affection was displayed to the point that it seemed like she was a dog whisperer. As for other human beings, she was nicer and more innocent compared to her sister, always ending her talk with positive tones of innocence. If Santa Claus could take the form of a Filipina woman, it would be Dora right off the bat. Mr. Morgan from Caregiver Mary Pigao As she walks down the lonely, grim hallway dragging her feet hesitantly into Mr. Morgan’s room, Sarah gathers up the courage and strength to face the angry old Mr. Morgan.
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Stepping into the room, Sarah immediately feels a sense of depression and anguish coming from Mr. Morgan. She greets him with a forced smile and cheerful attitude hoping to bring happiness into the room. “What do you want!?” he said. Mr. Morgan was a very cranky old man. However, beneath his ill temper was sadness. He had lost the love of his life from cancer and his children, who are now old and in no need for their father, do not visit him at the care home where he now resides. He wrapped his cold thin body with layers of blankets. His wrinkled hands quickly wiped his tearful hazel eyes before Sarah could see him. “I brought you food, can you please eat something today?” Sarah said hesitantly. However, Mr. Morgan ignored her request, and fell asleep as he looked at a very old picture on his small nightstand. The picture he stared deeply into was that of his family years ago when his children were just toddlers, and his wife was a stunning beauty. He gazes into the picture as if he was reliving that exact moment. Soon, he was fast asleep dreaming of the day that he would be with his family once again. On the next day, the beautiful autumn leaves started falling from the tree. A leaf fell perfectly onto Mr. Morgan’s lap. He found himself sitting on his porch swing as he watched his children play. Confused, Mr. Morgan whispered to himself, “Where am I?” Immediately, his beautiful wife walks in serving him an ice-cold cup of lemonade. “Don’t be silly, love. You’re home,” she said. Sarah slowly walks into the room in complete shock as she found Mr. Morgan alying stiffly and breathless on his bed. Laying peacefully, Mr. Morgan’s angry face turned calm and at ease. Ito from Nasaan Ka Man Maureen U. Taasin Pockets of sunshine peeked through the horizontal blinds, providing little light to a dark and humid room. The room was cluttered, the bed remained undone, scraps of paper were littered on the floor, and pieces of shattered glass lay scattered next to a fragmented picture frame of a handsome young couple. In the corner of his dreary room sat a disturbed young man, sitting on a chair backwards with his arm resting on the chair’s wooden frame and a cigarette in hand while deep in thought. The embers of his cigarette glowed fiery red-orange with every inhalation. The smell of smoke permeated throughout the room, seeping into the fabric lying around the room. His jet-black hair hung sloppily over his
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IP 368B—02 furrowed brows, his face glistening from his sweat, and his rectangular frames hanging loosely above the bridge of his nose. His name was Ito, a man of average height and finely built frame and chiseled features. He wore a wrinkled blue dress shirt and khaki pants as he stared aimlessly through the cracks of the blinds while contemplating how the romantic relationship between his adopted brother and sister managed to go undetected. For years he suppressed his desires for his sister Pilar. He longed to study in Manila to escape Baguio City and gain independence - make new friends and most importantly, to distance himself from his sister Pilar. Unfortunately for Ito, his strategy to flee the town, and escape the sins of lusting over his sister was unsuccessful. Ito was obligated to remain in Baguio where he needed to watch over his siblings. For this reason, Ito harbored resentment towards his mother for imprisoning him, and enabling his desire for Pilar. The ashes of his cigarette trickled down to the floor and onto the broken picture frame below him. The embers that once blazed a fiery red-orange vanished as he took one last breath of his cigarette, the burn of nicotine enveloping his entire body. With his head cocked back and face drawn to the ceiling, Ito slowly exhaled, releasing billows of smoke into the gloomy and damp atmosphere. Peering at the fragmented photo that rested beneath him, he felt his pulse and breath quicken as he darted his eye upon the image of him and with his sister Pilar. The muscles in his arms tightened with the thought of Pilar and Joven together. Clenching his fist firmly in his hand, Ito sprang from his chair knocking it over, and darted towards the door. If he could not have Pilar, then no one would. Yaya from Ang Cute ng Ina Mo Bradley Taguinod Arrogant and demanding, this yaya can be a pain. She has only one thing in her mind control. Out to ruin the already complicated life of a confused patis maker who is outrageous herself, she makes sure that she is the one in charge. She is evil, stuck up, and nothing but conniving. Her tone of voice is just loud like an angry guard dog that is ready to attack. Her actions mirror her tone of voice. Nothing else is important to her, but only her son who she thinks cannot think for himself. Overly demanding of everyone and everything, she finds a way to control everything but herself. When there are eyes around her, there is no way you can miss her. She presents herself outrageously. When she
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feels that not enough people are looking at her, she goes on to dress as extravagantly as she wishes, even when it is unnecessary. Walking down the street, she wears nothing but the brightest of colors, and not exactly complimenting colors either. First, would be her hair. It is nowhere short of flat and lifeless. The easiest way to explain her hair would be a honeycomb with porcupine spikes, but that is just too easy for her. Not just having her hair have obvious signs of hairspray abuse when in public, but she needs to stick out when she is at home too. Her eyes are large like a scared little kid, but full of anger and hatred. It is similar to a bright sun’s glare on a hot summer day, big and bright but very intimidating to look at. And let us not stop there. Her clothes can be the most interesting thing to see. Always dressing inappropriately for an occasion, she will not be told what to wear. It is almost unexpected. What does she wear when she goes to the mall? Looks like something you would wear in a rodeo. A big cowboy hat that holds more than the ten gallons it was meant to. The lining on it was red, but there was so much glitter on it that diamonds could be afraid of it. Her shirt was silky and full of the different shades of blue, but with the addition of big and fluffy Spanish-like ruffles around her neck and her arms. On those ruffles, there was a dark blue lining, like the color of a dark sky that is lit up by a full moon. Her pants were the only thing that is simple on her if she is not wearing a dress. It was a simple khaki denim, tan all over like desert sand. Rough on the outside, but like some of the unnoticeable things in life, she can be soft and sensitive. She just really wants to be the person everyone wants to care about, not the person that takes care of other people every hour of the day. Until then, we will never know if she becomes the person she wishes to be. The Nanny, Norma from Inang Yaya Kathryn Zabala One glance at her face, you would make an impression that she was as gloomy as a gray sky. Her light pink lips rarely formed a smile, and her perfectly arranged teeth only showed during moments when she was proud of her herself, the child she baby sits, or her own daughter. Beneath her silky black hair, black as the night sky, lies a mind with tangled thoughts that intertwine like the vines of a beanstalk. Most of her time was spent in a white mansion, filled with luxurious furniture, as a live-in nanny. She wore a uniform everyday, as if she was working for a highly professional environment, with a pure white-colored collared
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IP 368B—02 blouse and dark navy blue pants. With her hair pulled into a tight bun, her serious face was clearly visible, which showed that she was focused and dedicated to her job. As she took care of the child, it seemed as if she has forgotten her own child, but when she was alone in her room, her face was full of sorrow as if she was looking for her missing child. At her own home, her round face glowed showing a sign of relief from all that she went through at work. Dressed in bright colored clothing, some with no prints and some with patterns of flowers such as mini plumerias of different colors, she moved graciously like a princess. With colored pants that do not match her blouse and loosely tied hair, her laidback self was portrayed. No matter where she was, she talked in a straightforward manner; always fighting for her rights like a lawyer who was fighting for a client’s case. Her tone of voice was melodious, which varied in different situations. Just like a lawyer, Norma carefully chooses the words she says to avoid putting herself into a difficult scene. Ikoy from Magnifico Kristine Ann A. Uclaray Ikoy is a very cute young boy. He has a round face with rosy cheeks. His eyes are almond-shaped that when you look at them, you will see compassion, sorrow, faith and courage. He has a great smile, straight teeth with no gaps in between. His hair is black, short, parted, thin and straight. He usually wears a shirt and short pants that have stains and holes on them. Ikoy lives in a narrow, dark, old house. If a storm comes, their house would be a wreck. The inside of the house looks empty. There are a couple of furniture in the house; a long dining table made out of wood, a really old rocking chair, a dark brown display cabinet with their family portrait on top of it. There is a good amount of breeze that comes into the house, so fans are not even needed. The house has three rooms. Ikoy shares a room with his Lola, Magda. He sleeps on the floor every night while Lola Magda sleeps on the bed. Ikoy loves his family very much. He loves taking care of his younger sister Helen who has cerebral palsy and, has not spoken yet. Helen has medium length, wavy hair. It is always in a ponytail, so her hair does not go in her mouth. She has a lighter complexion than Ikoy. Her eyes and nose are quite similar to Ikoy. She is missing a tooth on the bottom part of her teeth, but it is not noticeable. Ikoy would carry her on his back when he takes her around.
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Aside from his sister, Ikoy also takes care of his grandmother Magda who was diagnosed to have a terminal illness. Lola Magda has crinkly brown eyes. Her hair is very white and curly. She wears long dresses every day. She is a tall woman with a very light complexion. She talks very slow and sometimes it is very hard to understand what she is saying. Ikoy is not only loving and caring, but he is also very hardworking as well. He would do anything to help his parents. Gerry and Edna are very good parents, but because of financial problems, they always have arguments. When they argue, their voices echo not only in their narrow house, but also throughout their whole neighborhood. However, no one really cares since it is very normal in this type of community to have arguments about financial problems. King from Videoke King Kristine S. Duldulao He greets every waking morning with sweet, tender kisses to his dearest lover's photo near his bedside. While preparing to meet his lover’s cousin in the market, he quickly cleans his quaint, yet humble abode with a mop and rock music at hand. He pretends that he is a rock star on stage dancing and prancing around his living room, strumming on an air guitar with his mop and lipsynching to the seemingly chaotic song. He sports an unbuttoned, mustard yellow, collared shirt with sleeves rolled three quarters up, a white undershirt and high-waisted black slacks as high as skyscrapers that touch the sky. He has topped off the high-waisted black slacks with a brown belt that is almost cowboy-like with a large, round gold belt buckle. He has completed this kooky outfit with bright, cobalt blue knit socks, and shiny white dress shoes. These shoes are as shiny as a mirror that you can almost make out your reflection. He carries a fine-toothed comb wherever he goes ensuring that his side part is indeed in check and in a straight line. Do not let his flamboyant get-up and overexaggerated attitude fool you from his true character. Underneath his outward appearance is a person who is devoted and committed to a relationship that has blossomed since grade school. He has a beautiful and kind soul that is endearing and patient. He is neither jealous nor proud. His selfless character places his efforts in pleasing other people than himself. He puts his efforts, blood, sweat, and tears towards building a foundation that is breathtaking, a sanctuary where he and his darling can spend eternity.
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IP 368B—02 Laly from Videoke King Chanelle Alexis G. Urmeneta A sweet and caring lady Laly is, but she is with an artistic boyfriend Freedie Boy who lacks the same respect she gives. She has an ordinary look with her short black hair slicked back, dressed in a long ocean blue collared shirt tucked inside a pair of black slacks. Her lifelong dream was to be an interior designer, but because of the lack of opportunity, she is forced to remain at an unpleasant job as a supervisor in a busy shoe department. With the hope of finding a related job in interior design, her cousin offers her a paying position to create and design her future home. The only deal is to buy the cousin’s quirky boyfriend a birthday gift. Laly accepts her cousin’s simple request, and ventures out to the busy streets of the overly crowded markets in search for a memorable birthday gift. Determined to begin work for an interior design job, Laly meets up with her cousin’s fiance named King in hopes to start on the long-term project for the house. A tall man with sleek greasy hair, and who is dressed in a shirt more yellow than the sun, collared popped up revealing his white shirt inside that matched the colors of his shoes, and pants so high and held in plate with a ridiculous belt. Attracted and amused by her cousin’s quirky fiance, Laly finds herself each day falling love for the one who could never love her back. As time continues on, the corrupted plan that Laly’s cousin has made would soon reveal what she had intended all along. With a gentle sensitive heart, Laly did not know if she could love or be loved again; her uncaring ex-boyfriend Freddie boy just tore her apart. She was strong about it because she knew her heart was loving someone else. Her feelings were unknown and unrevealed for she knew it was wrong, but she still could not help herself because her love for King grew stronger each day. Tears and unhappiness filled her eyes when her cousin decided to visit and remain with King after knowing that she was in an affair. The once happy and outgoing lady soon became as dull as a rock, lacking expression on her face. Breaking down inside, the only thing that she could do was to be supportive. As deceiving and corrupted everything may seem, the trickster cousin of Laly’s initial plan was to have the two unknowingly fall in love with each other. The kindness, love and passion that Laly had would soon be shared with King for he too had developed the same feelings as she did. Both filled with love, happiness and completeness, the two finally got to celebrate and embrace their love for one another.
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Laly from Videoke King Jason McFarland The spacious department store is full of customers similar to a sale on the day before Christmas. Under the hanging fluorescent lights is a young woman with long dark flowing hair. She is a detail-oriented working professional. She is business savvy in her dress with her pressed and clean black knit pencil skirt and yellow silk dress shirt. Her hair is neatly combed as if she had just come from the salon. Her shoes are black with a shine on them like a newly waxed Corvette. Her skin is as fair as a cool crisp winter night. Her smile is as bright as the sun just peeking up over the horizon, but the people in the store do not seem to take notice. The customers all seem to run aimlessly around much like ants in an anthill. But for Laly, she smiles not because she is happy to see them, but because she is happy to be working. She takes pride in her work. Much like a carpenter takes pride in his creation in the construction process. In her department of the store, the floors are always clean. The shine of the floor is picked up by the reflection of the ceiling in it much like the reflection on the surface of a calm blue lake. Contrast to the clothing section where an abundance of fine strings and white fuzz balls of fabric litter the ground. Laly’s section is tiptop. All the shoes are dusted and arranged like works of art in a gallery before opening. All the boxes are stacked neatly like a newly masoned brick wall. Laly is always busy neatly arranging, organizing, and cleaning just like an interior designer would do prior to showcasing a home for sale. Laly takes pride in her work and in herself. She recently visited her cousin's fiancé King to help him design, and decorate a new house he is reconstructing for his wife-tobe. While Laly was at King’s house, she surveyed the space up and down like a person would inspect a new car for imperfections. Laly was able to envision in her mind what the home could look like if she knocked down a wall here, and put up a window there. She can multitask like an air traffic controller arranging flight plans and orchestrating ground movements. She takes work responsibly and very seriously. Laly is the ultimate working Filipina professional. A true role model through and through. Pepito from Sa Pusod ng Dagat Landon Soriano Your wife is in labor? Are you looking for a midwife? Although unconventional, the best person to help you deliver your baby lives in a little wooden hut in a small discreet village out in the middle of nowhere.
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IP 368B—02 The hut is surrounded with lush paradise. Although it is humid, the hut is covered in shade by many palm trees that keep the hut cool throughout the year. At nighttime, the cool ocean breeze creeps up from the shore, and blows into the windows and keeps the cool. People come from all corners of the land to have their children delivered by this mysterious miracle worker whose life has been plagued by both fortune and heartbreak. This man's name is Pepito. Pepito is a simple man, but he is strong in virtue. He wears clothes that are many years old, and in sizes that do not fit. The only thing flashy about Pepito is his watch that belonged to Pepito’s father. Pepito retrieved the watch from a murderous shark's entrails. To find Pepito in the village is very easy. Pepito is always followed by kids wherever he goes - most of which were birthed by his gentle hands. Pepito is the island's “Justin Beiber,” and all of these kids are sick, with “BeiberFever” so to speak. However, none of the kids stricken with “BeiberFever” are his own. Although so loved and adored by all the villagers, Pepito have not had the chance to father any children on the island. His heart had belonged to a school teacher who visited the island many moons ago. Pepito was madly in love. Sadly, his love was spurned by the school teacher for her abusive husband. The life of Pepito is plagued by good fortune and heartbreak - both of which blesses and plagues the life of Pepito. So if you need someone to help deliver your baby, look for Pepito. Although appearing simple, life for Pepito is anything but. Thelma from Thelma Tiffany Cezar Running across the open fields with the wind at her back. Free at last. Free from the responsibilities at home. Free from the limitations of provincial life. Free to just run forever. Thelma was a young teenage girl with black hair that fell right below her shoulders, which was usually tied into a ponytail. She has a fair skin, and wore worn-out clothing that was loosely fitted on her small, slender-figured body. Her clothes were usually dirty, not because they were worn out, but because they were covered in dirt from playing. When she ran, she ran without any footwear. - just her bare feet pounding the earth below them. Thelma did not think of anyone watching her. She would just run because she wanted to. Running was effortless, simple, easy. At home, provincial life was difficult for her and her family. Her parents were poor, and were constantly working. As the eldest daughter, she was expected to do household chores, go to school, and often care for her younger sister.
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Thelma did not want to do any of that. She wanted to play with her sister and run. She hated her provincial life. It was her prison. Thelma was happy when she would run with her younger sister Hannah. They would race each other to and from their house while laughing and playing. She loved Hannah a lot. They did almost everything together. Thelma would watch Hannah’s back and take care of her just like an older sister would. She did not think of the responsibilities of caring for her. Thelma loved her. Jules from Dekada ’70 Joyce Camille Ramano A stocky middle-aged man in a brown police uniform led a taller man into a room full of tables and people. The crowded room was rectangular, and the walls were painted white; it was illuminated by sunlight that passed through wide wooden windows. The people in the room were a melange of casually dressed people, and men and women who wore bright orange jumpsuits. The taller man limped through the aisle to a table where four men and a short matronly woman looked on longingly and anxiously at him. The limping man towered over most of the other people in the room, and his lean physique suggested strength. Moreover, a radiant smile stood out of his beat up face. The man was dark brown in color, but his face seemed to have been drained of blood, which was especially evident in his pale lips. Black and blue swellings and reddish brown scars marked his face, but the brightness that his smile radiated offsets the suffering that his face showed. When he reached the table where his family sat, his mother hugged him tightly; a hug that was so tight that it seemed as though she was squeezing the life out of him. Afterwards, his dad hugged him casually; a hug that was loose, but close enough to make him feel that he can still connect with someone. The afternoon was spent catching up on each other’s lives. Jules recounted his painful experience in the hands of his captors. While in prison, he was interrogated while strapped down a cold slab of metal with no clothes on. He was berated with questions that he refused to answer; each defiance was met with an electric shock that shook his body from head to foot. When the authority deemed that their efforts were for nothing, they left Jules over a slab of ice; each shiver that his naked body produced transpired the coldness of the ice. As Jules recounted his story, grief was visible in the faces of his family. Their downcast eyes expressed shock and sympathy, but Jules reassured his family that he would be fine with a radiant smile.
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Folktales Patnugot ng Klase: Mary Pigao at Krystle Pastores Guro: Dr. Pia Arboleda IP 273E
As a response to studying indigenous Philippine cultures and their orature, students were asked to write an original myth. Here are their tales. How the Lion Got its Roar April G. Abutin Long ago, the earth was filled with an abundance of animals. Most of them are what we know them as today; horses galloped through the meadows, tigers roamed the jungles, birds flew into the horizon, and fish swam to the depths of the ocean. However, the lions felt out of place. Many animals did not like the lions and kept their distance from them. They were often made fun of for their highpitched scream and odd mane that made them look like they were losing hair from the rest of their body. They certainly weren’t the dominant feline we perceive them as today. One day, one of the lions became weary of the daily tormenting. He was sick of all the squirrels in the trees snickering as he passed by and the mice that would scurry to his feet and bite him. That night there was a storm brewing; the thunder was rumbling and the lightning struck everything in sight. All the animals took shelter because they were too afraid of the thunder, but the lion walked out onto the open field and begged for the gods to take his life because he couldn’t stand being around bullies. Out of nowhere, the lion was struck by a bolt of lightning and fell to the ground; his unconscious body lay on the ground. The next morning all the animals surrounded the lion’s body, poking and prodding at it, rudely lifting and swinging his tail around. All of a sudden, the lion awoke and was angered at what was being done to him. He opened his mouth to scream at them, but instead of the high pitch came a loud roar. This terrified all the animals, causing them to run and hide. The lightning gave the lion a roar of thunder so he would no longer have to suffer from torture. He is now feared by all and no one dare cross his path.
Mixed Martial Arts Joneal-Anthony V. Altura Once upon a time in a far away galaxy, there were planets with its own inhabitants. It was a galaxy where Taglagas 2011
violence ruled and the weak never stood a chance at life. Nonetheless, they were forgotten. The wars split the planets into two big powers. There were the Strikers and the Grapplers. Each planet regardless of which power they belonged were given names by the gods according their way of life. The planets belonging to the Grapplers’ powers were Jiu Jitsu, Wrestling, Judo, and Sambo. Their enemies consisted of the planets Tae Kwon Do, Muay Thai, Boxing, Karate, Kung Fu, Kickboxing, and Kenpo. The strengths of each side were the weaknesses of their enemy. After many centuries of warring planets, a group came from the midst of all battles. Neither one of the warring planets knew who these people were or where they came from. Many have speculated they were descendants of the weak who were kicked off every planet. Notice of these people was only brief as violence was the way of life in these times. Some even say eating was a sign of weakness as it showed your unwillingness for greatness. It was only a matter of time till inhabitants of these planets started to notice that these unknown people were beginning to pop up everywhere. Eventually, more and more as these unknown people began to appear, the violence decreased. The fighting warriors would drop their fists and just stare at the unknown. Time would only tell who and where these people came from. One day, a warrior from Muay Thai and another from Jiu Jistu were amidst an important battle and all of a sudden, a man who had the appearance of the unknown came out of nowhere and sat on the side and watched the battle go on. Not able to concentrate on fighting each other as the presence of another person there became overwhelming the two stopped fighting and approached this unknown. Both warriors asked this unknown to leave or else they would hurt him because of his weak appearance. Surely enough the unknown didn’t want to leave and the two warring sides actually became allies for the time being. The new alliance began to encircle the unknown and chaos began. Not a moment later, the alliance was lying facedown in the battlefield. Both still conscious but severely beaten, one of them asked where this man had learned to fight and where he was from.
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The man grabbed their heads and to look at him and the story goes as is. He was a descendant of the weak. The no matter what the weak did, they would always be kicked off every planet they tried to inhabit due to their weakness. They were never able to master the fighting style of either planet they inhabited. However, their second best fighting ability of each planet’s style proved to be strength. Instead of completely mastering completely one planet’s style of fighting, they only took what they thought was beneficial. As they were kicked one planet and another, they did the same with every planet’s style. Eventually they knew every planet’s weakness and strength. With the knowledge passed on among all the weak, Mixed Martial Arts was born. They were able to fight any planet because of their multi-style of fighting.
The Legend of the Dragonfly Aningat, Alexander R. Once upon a time, a long long time ago, in a galaxy kinda close to the Milky Way there was a kid dragon by the name of Bong Bong. He lived on a giant cupcake the size of two Earths. One morning before school he found out that his mother had eaten his last Snickers bar, he was pissed off cause Snickers bars are rare on the planet Cupcake and you had to import them from the planet Earth. Being super mad he just flew off into the distance disregarding everything from school to his mother. He flew so far that he ended up on the opposite side of planet Cupcake, a place where he had never been before. This side of the cupcake was very different from where Bong Bong lives, the main difference was that there wasn’t any frosting or colorful landscapes just a brown deserted atmosphere. His mother had told him many times before to never fly here because it was forbidden, many dragons before him have perished due to the lack of sweet and tasty delicacies such as coconut M&Ms. All of a sudden he smells a rotten stench coming from a nearby gulch. He starts to hear a faint buzzing getting closer and closer, “What could this loud buzz be?” he thinks to himself. Out from the malunggay bush comes out this beautiful young fly and Bong Bong instantly falls in love. At first Bong Bong was shy but he musters up the courage and says “Wsup shawty, was yo name and yo zodiac sign?” She replies back with, “My name is Esmerelda Esperanza Encarnacion and I am a princess of the infamous west side fly gang, and who are you green beast that breathes smoke? Oh yeah and I’m a Gemini.” Bong Bong replies, “You are one fly Gemini! Please fly away with me back to the land of frost where we can live happily ever after because our signs are highly 56 Katipunan Magazin
compatible.” She happily agrees and they fly to Frost City to get married, nine months later the first dragonfly is conceived. Now how the first dragonfly reaches earth is a whole ‘nother story. The end.
The Story of the Sunflower Jayde M. Bumanglag Once upon a time, there lived a farmer named Rob and his wife Gene. This lovely married couple had no children and lived alone with their animals. They had four pigs, seven horses, five cows, and a few chickens. They lived on a pretty big property with nice, large, green acres for their farm animals to run about. Every day, Rob would tend to their other crops and make sure that all of the animals are cleaned, fed, and well nourished. While Rob focused his attention to the animals, Gene had another passion. For many years now, Gene had consistently maintained a beautiful garden. In her long blooming garden, Gene had a various arrangement of different flowers including roses, daisies, and lilies. She loved her garden almost more than she loved her husband. One day, Rob had to leave to sell milk and eggs in town. As the sun started to set, the animals began to howl and Gene started to vibe bad news and bad weather ahead. Sure enough, it began to rain. It rained for hours, which caused Rob to be held back in town, as he was unable to drive through the horrendous weather. The rain developed into a heavy and crazy thunderstorm. Gene had spent the night at home alone and could not help but worry for Rob and her garden. The next morning, a hurricane struck. The terrible hurricane ruined Gene’s garden. Her gorgeous flowers were demolished by the strong winds, rain, and ended up torn up and covered in dirt. It was literally a garden of black flowers. Gene was devastated. Not only was her garden ruined, but also Rob has not been able to make it home yet. The ugly weather continued for a few more days. At this time, Gene began to weep. On top of that, she began to pray. She cried and prayed to the sun. She cleaned up her garden and soiled it again. Additionally, she replanted some flower seeds and continued to pray for sunshine. During one of her praying sessions, she felt a drop from the sky. This time, it was not clear water or raindrops. Instead, she had noticed that it was a yellow-orange colored drop. Gene realized that as she cried and prayed, the sun felt her passion and prayers and began to cry as well. The sun’s tears had fallen to the ground. More specifically, it fell to the soil where Gene had planted more seeds. As a result, new flowers started to bloom and her garden started to look a lot brighter. The flowers grew tall and appeared with a dark brown, almost blackish color in Taglagas 2011
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the middle, which signified the turmoil from the very bad weather, and outlined with pretty yellow petals that were tear-shaped. Gene believed that because she consistently prayed to the sun, these new flowers were the consequential blessings from the sun. In turn, she named the flower a “sunflower”. Her garden had blossomed even more beautifully. The sunflowers brought color, beauty, and fragrance to her garden. It was no longer a dead garden, but a happier sight to see. Later that evening, Rob returned home. Gene had explained to him the devastating news about her garden being attacked by the hurricane and how the sun heard her prayers and blessed her with an abundance of an amazing creation: the sunflower.
Gecko and Its Clicks Radiant L. Cordero Back before the Native Hawaiian waters and soil were impregnated by the White man, the Native Hawaiian people and its animals lived amongst one another with their respective roles on the island. The Native Hawaiians and the geckos’ relationship was that of a higher value as compared to that of the Hawaiian owl, the pueo, or any other animals. Geckos were able to help the Native Hawaiians by traveling distances to transport oral messages both on land and sea at record time that is quicker than the canoes or land-transportation of the time. At that time the geckos were the size of dogs, and were able to communicate in many different ways with their voice depending on who their message was being translated to, because of this, the Native Hawaiian people greatly valued their relationship with the geckos. One Makahiki season, the god Lono had spoken to the chief of Kaua’i to send a message to the island of Tahuata in the southern part Marquesas Islands, which is near Australia. This task would be an immensely difficult and trying task, but as advised by their god, the chief of Kaua’i had no choice. He summoned for the best female and male geckos to battle one another for this honorable task with one female and male gecko to do the job. After a week-long battle outside the hale ali`i, the chief sent the female and male winners off with their messages memorized to translate orally to the people of Tahuata. Upon arriving, the geckos were able to find the chief of the island of Tahuata with ease, as he was the only person with a seat as high as the tallest palm tree on the island. Upon translating the oral message from the chief of Kaua’i, the chief of Tahuata angrily exclaimed in his native language that although it is the Makahahiki season in Hawaii, a time of no war, it was not so for the islands of the Marquesas. The geckos, surprised by the Taglagas 2011
mistake of their chief back home, were captured and imprisoned. The two geckos were shoved into a pot that was small enough to house five or seven kukui nuts. Weeks and months passed as the people of Tahuata forgot that they had two geckos squashed into a pot. Over time, the geckos were forced to adjust to their surroundings. Upon eating their bodily waste, their sizes reduced gradually. With a bit more room, the male and female geckos procreated baby geckos. By then, the premiere male and female geckos and their babies were small enough to live in the pot. Without their practice of oral translation, the geckos were resorted to throaty sounds that sound like chirps or clicks. One day, a little girl from Tahuata heard the chirping and opened the pot to find out what was causing it. The pot tipped over as the premiere male and female and their thousands of children spilled on to the floor and headed towards the ocean for Kaua’i. When they returned home, the chief and the people had no use for the shrunken geckos and their thousands of children who were not able to communicate with them, let alone translate any messages for them. So, the chief of Kaua’i banned them all from royal affairs, and the premiere female and male gecko and their children eventually moved throughout all the Hawaiian islands in which in the present day, still live amongst the residents and tourists of these islands.
The Origin Of Waterfalls Christopher J. Gaspar A long time ago all land was flat. The water goddess named Elisha was splashing and swimming around a lake that she had created so that she could have fun. It was just an ordinary day; Elisha was having fun in her pond splashing around when all of a sudden the winter goddess named Disa came from the south over the horizon blowing her cold wind. Elisha knew that Disa was approaching fast, but she knew she could not do anything about it because Disa was very bossy. Soon enough, the winter goddess reached Elisha’s water lake and blew her cold air across it, causing it to freeze up. Elisha now could not have her normal daily fun in her lake because it was now frozen. In desperation, Elisha calls the Earth god named Jacob. Jacob has the biggest crush on Elisha and is willing to do anything for her. Elisha tells Jacob the situation and he gets very upset. Jacob’s way of bonding with Elisha is by making mud pies every Saturday. He gets so upset and throws a tantrum so big that he causes an earthquake to erupt all over the land. Where Elisha’s frozen lakes were, the new land that arose broke the Katipunan Magazin 57
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frozen lakes and they began to flow downwards. Elisha thanked Jacob and they were soon married and they made mud pies for the rest of their lives. Because of the waterfalls, the winter goddess Disa cannot freeze them because of the how strong the currents are. Elisha was very happy with what had happened. This is the origination of waterfalls.
The Hawaiian Islands Leilani T. Magaoay In the beginning of time, the Hawaiian islands were once a big island, The Hawaiian island. The 8th Hawaiian princess, Princess Ewalulani, was the beautifulest, brightest, loving and caring princess. She was the only child of King Kameha. When he was growing old , Ewalu had to marry a man so they can take over for her father, King Kameha. A man named Kono loved Ewalu, like obsessive love. However she did not feel the same way, Ewalu loved someone else named Kawai, her father’s best warrior. Kono, hurt by this, goes and murders Kawai in a hunting trip. Poor Kawai, left in the mountains to die, until another warrior found him dead and brought him back to the village. When Ewalu heard of the tragedy, she knew the Kono was behind this. “Marry me Ewalu! Or else I will kill you too! If I can’t have you no one can!” he demanded. She told him she’ll think about it, and went home. Crying, she prayed to the gods for help. “Please, PLEASE! Help me get away from him, help me avoid this, I do not love Kono. My heart belongs to Kawai.” The Gods advised her to run away to the end of the island, Mauuloa. “Okay, I’ll leave tomorrow, early in the morning so know one will notice”, she responded. Birds chirp in the early morning, like a pair of uli uli. Ewalu starts her journey. She passes Kawai’s family hut to say her last goodbye, then starts to run. Kono, on his early morning stroll, spots Ewalu and chases after her. Ewalu glances back at Kono and starts to run faster. “Please gods, help me! What do I do?” she pleaded. “Keep running, we will do our best to break apart the land.” But everytime they broke the island, Kono would be quick and jump over. The gods kept trying to seperate him, Kono is just that fast. Ewalu out of breath, almost to the end of the island, still has hope in her gods. Luckily Kono trips on a rock giving the gods time to split the island one more time. Success, the gods pushed the island that Ewalu is on farther away from the other seven islands that were formed from this chase. Kono tried swimming to her, but eventually died. The island that Ewalu was left on is now called Ni’ihau. Her father made it Kapu and only her family are allowed to visit her and her island. That is how the eight Hawaiian Islands were born. 58 Katipunan Magazin
Lamang Lupa Eric C. Malimban One day there was a boy named Matteo from the province, who’s mother told him to not play in the backyard alone. Matteo usually listened to his mother, but one day he felt an itch to play in the backyard alone with no supervision. Well, unknown to the little boy there was a well in his backyard that his great, great, great, grandfather had dug up that was hidden for years. He thought to himself, “Wow look at this well it’s very deep!” It also was a hot summer day, and the child did not live near the beach so he thought he’d jump in for a swim. He looked down the well, and next he saw that there were two red dots in the distance inside the well. Matteo was just so curious that with not thinking he took of all his clothes except for his trousers. Next, he stood up on the well, and he rubbed his hands and jumped in like a diver. When he hit the water there was huge splash, and it made swoosh noise. Matteo screamed in horror, and as he looked around him he saw these little people. Their eyes glowed blood red, they only stood about three feet tall, and next they approached him. The leader of the group asked, “Who are you, and what are you doing in our underworld?” Matteo replied, “I am Matteo.” The leader next said with a huge grin on his face, “You look familiar, what is your last name?” Matteo grew very scared and he replied back “Dominguez.” The Lamang Lupa said, “Ah ha! You’re the grandson of Senior Dominguez”, replied the Lamang Lupa, and this made Matteo feel very uncomfortable. Next, the Lumang Lupa told Matteo, “We will only let you out on one condition.” Matteo Replied, “What?” The leader then told him that he must give them his grandfather’s secret potion to help them become normal human beings again. Matteo said, “What potion?” The leader then grew very angry and said “You know what I am talking about! The blue vase that is in your house!” Matteo grew even more scared, and said “Ok.” Then the Lumang Lupa told Matteo that his grandfather was a warlock, and that he casted a spell on them too. Convincing Matteo that he should help them at the risk that they’d take his life, he agreed. Then the leader of the Lumang Lupa ordered one of his goons to get Matteo to the top, and to chaperone him too. Matteo being the quick swift boy he was got to the top, and kicked the goon back to the deep watery depths of the well. He then told his mother what happened, and she was very angry, but also happy at the same time he was unharmed. She told Matteo that back in the day her grandfather was a warlock, and that he had many enemies. It was a rumor around town that he was the wrong guy to mess with, because you might end up missing. This in fact was true, he’d cast a Taglagas 2011
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spell on them to become a Lumang Lupa, and he’d throw them in the deep well. I tried to hide it from you for so many years. Matteo astonished said, ”OK mom I’ll never play outside alone ever again.” That is how the legend of the Lumang Lupa came about.
River Monkey Gabriel M. Martinez Once upon a time, in a small village by a river, there was a man who spent most of his time in a jungle close by. His goal was to catch a monkey for his village and bring it back to the chiefs for a ritual that brought abundant fish to their river. One day, while in the jungle, he spotted a right-sized golden monkey that was alone eating bananas. He figured if he was to catch this monkey, the village and chiefs would praise him for his valor. He pursued the catching of the golden monkey, running at it, he threw a huge net over the golden monkey, trapping it in its place. The man was astonished by the capture and bright golden color of the monkey. He took the golden monkey back to the village where the chiefs and villagers praised him for the capture. Later that night, the village decided to throw a party for the man who captured this golden monkey. The golden monkey laid outside the village party stuck in the net and cage and struggling heavily to get free. The drunken men wanted to see the golden monkey, so they went to see it. They were drunk so they accidentally let the monkey loose. The golden monkey jumped out of the cage and net. It made a breakaway from the village and headed towards the river. The men chased the golden monkey all the way to the river until they saw the golden monkey jump high into the air and dive deep into the river’s water. The men laughed and waited for the golden monkey to come out of the water, thinking monkeys can’t swim. Time went by, ten minutes, twenty minutes, and thirty minutes and then an hour went past. Confused, the men gave up the search and went back to the village. The story behind the golden monkey was that the monkey gods sent a golden monkey to earth to civilize the monkey nations in that specific jungle. The villager who caught it didn’t think anything of it and brought a curse to his village river. The monkey gods put a curse on the village river by turning that golden monkey to a river monkey, eating all the fish and not leaving any fish for the villagers. This went on for years, causing villagers to travel miles for fish. The End.
Taglagas 2011
The Creation of Earthquakes Krystle Ann Pastores Underneath all the layers of the earth there is a qualatapus creature name Quakey who lives at the center of the earth. This creature is really big, bigger than 4 giants combined together. Quakey is a very lazy creature; all he does is sleep. He can sleep for months, even years. The only time he wakes up is when he has to eat. Quakey moving around to look for food causes earthquakes.
The Story of the iPhone Mary Pigao In a land far away lies an enormous castle sitting atop a mountain hill. There, lives a King and Queen awaiting the birth of their newborn son. After 18 long, laborious hours Prince iPod Touch was born. The Prince lived a blessed life filled with servants to serve them hand and foot. However, he was very lonely. There was no one around his age that he could play with in the castle. When he turned 18, he planned to escape the castle to explore the outside world. Once the clock strikes midnight on his 18th birthday, iPod Touch climbed out of his window and ran as fast as he could into the darkness. The next day, he wakes up in a small town without any money. He sees a girl shopping in the market and immediately falls in love with her. He approaches the girl and introduces himself. Her name was Princess Cellular Phone. They talked and shared similar stories. The Princess has also ran away from her castle to live a simple life. From then on they had spent every waking moment with each other. Prince iPod Touch did not return to the castle because he chose to live his life with Princess Cellular Phone. Five years later, they got married and had a baby named it iPhone. Baby iPhone lived a happy life with his parents in the small town.
The Tale of Benaficio Christian Cabingabang A young boy named Benaficio was growing up in the city of Manila and he had hard working parents that earned a lot of money. Anything Benaficio wanted he got it. Without hesitation, his father and mother would go out to get what their only child desired. But while being a spoiled young boy, he did not become selfish and greedy until his adolescent years. When he was young he would do whatever his parents would ask of him, simple chores around the house and running basic errands. His father Katipunan Magazin 59
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always reminded him to work hard and he will get big returns. . But then he entered middle school and started hanging around with the wrong crowd. They influenced him and Benaficio realized that he had the world at his fingertips. He was living the life but he wanted more. So he spent a great amount of money to find an albularyo. Benaficio then asked him, "What can I do for the rest of my life? I don't need to work. I have all the money I need.” ………………………………………………….. The albularyo replied, "You don't have to do a thing, young arrogant one. You will just stay up in the highest trees for the rest of your life." Benaficio was instantly turned into a coconut and he was placed on a coconut tree. He now just stays there doing nothing and his face can be seen on the coconut staring at the ground watching everyone enjoy their lives.
The Desert Paradise Karl-Ryan Meyer Once upon a time, a goddess name Roma created a magical land on Earth that was filled with an abundance of food and water. The rivers flowed and ponds were deep and filled with fish. The land was lush with greenery and its soil was fertile where it was easy to grow many varieties of crops. There was also a large amount of game and livestock for people to enjoy for the rest of their lives. Roma created this land for the mortals on earth and called it Paradise. She cared for the mortals so much, which led her to create Paradise. In Paradise, everything will always stay like this forever. The only rules she had for the mortals was to take care of the land, care for each other, strangers who need help and never abuse the land. She also said everyone should live in peace and harmony and not claim land ownership to Paradise for this belongs to the gods and not to mere mortals. They must take care of the land by disposing of their garbage properly and not hunting and gathering more. . For many years, the people of Paradise lived in
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peace and harmony. One day, Roma wanted to test the people of Paradise by sending some of her servants disguised as beggars to Paradise to see if they would help them. She sent Gill and Broc, two of her trusted servants to Paradise begging for food and shelter. As the two entered Paradise they started asking for help. Gill and Broc asked for some food and if they could have a shower in their rivers. The people of Paradise said, “No, everything here is private property.” The people then told them that they were not welcome here and told them to leave. The people were so disgusted by their appearances that they immediately started throwing objects at them. The two exited Paradise and immediately reported to Roma what had happened. Roma was angered by what she heard but decided to give the people of Paradise another chance. ………………………………………….. She sends her two servants again to Paradise only this time disguised as hunters looking for food to feed their village. As Gill and Broc entered the Paradise; they were again shunned by the people. The people said, “You cannot hunt here, this is private property.” Gill and Broc said, “But you have an abundance of food here. Our children are starving and you are the only one that can help us.” The people of Paradise again ignored the pleas of the strangers. Gill and Broc immediately reported the actions of the people of Paradise to the goddess. Roma was so infuriated that she stopped the rains from falling and made the sun’s heat hotter. As time went by everything in Paradise started to die away. The rivers started to dry, the abundance of food was little, and the lush greenery was soon brown. The people asked the goddess, “What is happening?” She replied, “You fools! You disobeyed everything I told you to maintain the lifestyles you had. You claim land that is not yours and was selfish by not helping others!” The people of Paradise pleaded with Roma for forgiveness. She ignored them and disappeared, never to be seen again. As time progressed, the land of Paradise disappeared turning into a barren land. The sands and heat of the sun made it impossible to live here and was abandoned by the people. Today we call this forsaken region the desert.
Taglagas 2011
Taos na Nagpapasalamat
Ang mga guro at estudyante ng Programang Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinas sa mga sumusunod na indibidwal at grupo na patuloy sa kanilang walang sawang pagsuporta at pagmamalasakit sa ikauunlad ng wikang Filipino.
Nagbigay ng Pondo para sa Iskolarsyip DR. AIDA RAMISCAL-MARTIN BULACAN CIRCLE & ASSOCIATES OF HAWAII DR. VIRGIE CHATTERGY VENANCIO C. IGARTA ARTS CENTER DR. TERESITA V. RAMOS MILAGROS GAVIERES JULITA HARA BERNIE & CRISTINA CAGAUAN HERMINIA MENEZ-COBEN SOLOMON & DEANNA ESPINAS BRUCE LINDQUIST OTA SSEN IKEDA LEILANI & SCOTT ARAKAKI SUSANA FELIZARDO BAYANI & CRISTINA NAVAL CECILE MOTUS
Pasasalamat sa Songfest Mga Hurado
Julie Nicolas Adelfa Salting Randy Cortez
Marie Jocelyn Marfil Ervin Nicolas Vincent Tomas
Espesyal na Nagpapasalamat sa STUDENT ACTIVITIES AND PROGRAM FEE BOARD (SAPFB) MGA OPISYAL NG KATIPUNAN Teddy Charles Barbosa Supremo Radiant Cordero Kawaksing Supremo Leischene Calingangan Kalihim Annalynn Macabantad Tagapag-Ugnay Madla Nescia Pearl Ponce Linda Marie Nunes Ingat-Yaman Inah Golez Victor Vidal Mananalaysay Justin Arquines Tagapangasiwa ng Web
MGA GURO NG PROGRAMANG FILIPINO AT PANITIKAN NG PILIPINAS Tita Ruth Mabanglo Tita Teresita Ramos Tita Leticia Pagkalinawan Tita Pia Arboleda Tita Imelda Gasmen Tita Irma Peña Kuya Jovanie De La Cruz Kuya Jayson Parba
Katipunan Magazin Opisyal na Publikasyon ng Programang Filipino at Panitikan ng Pilipinas Nalalathala Dalawang Beses Isang Taon Taglagas 2011
PATNUGUTAN Karl Christian Alcover Tagapagpaganap ng Patnugot
Karl Christian Alcover Patnugot ng Editoryal
J O V A N I E
Joyce Camille Ramano Patnugot ng Lathalain
Cristina Monica Agluba Patnugot ng Ley-Awt
Jay Kaistner Bautista Julius Ray Paulo Diana Maramag Philip Cezar Sarmiento Mga Kontribyutor
Annalynn Macabantad Disenyo ng Pabalat
Dr. Ruth Mabanglo Leticia Pagkalinawan Jovanie De La Cruz Mga Tagapagpayo
Filipino and Philippine Literature Program Department of Indo-Pacific Languages and Literatures University of Hawai'i at Manoa * Spalding 459 Maile Way * Honolulu, Hawai'i 96822 Tel. # (808) 956-6970/8933 * Fax # (808) 956-5978 www.hawaii.edu/filipino * manoa.hawaii.edu/katipunan * www.katipunanmagazin.com *