Unit 11

Unit 11 Charlotte Brontë Objectives Listening : Listening for specific information Grammar : The past simple and past perfect Reading : Reading for general understanding and specific information Critical thinking : Considering the advantages of education Functions : Agreeing and disagreeing Writing : Writing an informal email about schools

Key Vocabulary clothe

‫يكسو‬

dislike

‫ ال يحب‬- ‫يكره‬

contact

‫اتصال‬

governess

‫المربية‬

miserable

‫بائس‬

hoof

naughty

‫شقى‬

icy

relation

)‫قريب (من االقارب‬

right

‫حق‬

silent

‫صامت‬

ice (n) settle in slip

)‫حافر (للحصان‬ ‫جليدى‬ ‫جليد‬ ‫يستقر فى‬ ‫ينزلق‬

35

Charlotte Brontë

UNIT 11

ry

ula cab

Vo

on

ing

n Liste

continue (v) – d

‫يستمر‬

feed (v) – fed

‫يطعم‬

furniture (n)

unfortunately

‫يدفع‬

ry

ula cab

Vo

accidentally

on

catch (v) – caught character (n) climb (v) – ed comfortable (adj) communication (n) discuss (v) – ed discussion (n) enormous (adj) extremely (adv) fall (v) – fell – fallen finally 36

g

din a e R

along

servant (n)

‫يحبس‬

‫عكس – مقابل‬

push (v) – ed

quiet (adj) shout (v) – ed

‫بالكاد‬

opposite (adj)

quietly (adv)

‫أثاث‬

hardly (adv) lock (v) – ed

poorer family

touch (v) – ed upstairs used (adj)

follow (v) – ed methods (n)

‫من غير قصد‬

need (v) – ed

‫يمسك – يلحق بــ‬

pass (v) – ed

‫ بطول‬- ‫بمحاذاة‬

offer (v) – ed

‫شخصية‬

recently (adv)

‫يتسلق‬

rider (n)

‫اتصال‬

slide (v) – d (n)

‫مناقشة‬

the countryside

‫مريح‬

roof (n)

‫عائلة أكثر فقرا‬ ‫بهدؤ‬ ‫هادئ‬ ‫خادم‬

‫يصرخ‬ ‫يلمس‬

‫لسؤ الحظ‬

‫فى الدور العلوى‬

‫مستعمل‬

‫يتبع‬

‫طرق‬

‫يحتاج‬

‫يعرض‬

‫يمر‬

‫مؤخرا‬

‫راكب‬

‫سقف‬

‫ انزالق‬- ‫ينزلق‬

‫يناقش‬

surprised (adj)

‫ضخم‬

throw (v) – threw - thrown ‫ يرمى‬- ‫يلقى‬

‫للغاية‬

‫يسقط‬

‫فى النهاية‬

towards

look (v) – ed

‫مندهش‬

‫الريف‬ ‫نحو‬

‫يبدو‬

UNIT 11

Critical Thinking & Communication Vocabulary common (adj)

‫شائع‬

education (n)

‫التعليم‬

leave (v) – left

‫يغادر‬

W orkbook V ocabulary

bring (v) – brought

forget (v) - forgot

start school

jumper (n)

‫فرحان – سعيد‬

noisy (adj)

glove (n)

‫تماما‬

map (n)

‫ينسى‬

sunglasses (n)

‫قفاز‬

‫يفتقد‬ ‫يبدأ الدراسة‬

the nineteenth-century ‫القرن التاسع عشر‬

‫يحضر‬

completely (adv) delighted (adj)

miss (v) – ed

teach (v) – taught

‫ستره – جاكيت‬ ‫خريطة‬

‫مزعج‬

‫نظارات شمسية‬

‫يدرس‬

Definitions clothe

‫يكسو‬

dislike

‫ ال يحب‬- ‫يكره‬

means to provide clothes for someone means the opposite of like

miserable

‫بائس‬

means very unhappy

naughty

‫شقى‬

means behaving badly

relation

)‫قريب (من االقارب‬

right

‫حق‬

silent

‫صامت‬

means a member of your family means a rule which allows you to do something means not make any sound 37

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

contact

‫اتصال‬

communication with

governess

‫المربية‬

a woman who lives with a family and teaches the children at home

hoof

)‫حافر (للحصان‬

icy settle in slip

‫جليدى‬ ‫يستقر فى‬ ‫ينزلق‬

the foot of an animal such as a horse covered in ice start to feel happy after moving to a new home, etc. accidentally slide so that you fall

Phrases, Expressions, Idioms & Prepositions a bright day feel happy get ….. back

‫يوم مشرق‬ ‫يشعر بالسعادة‬ ‫يسترجع‬

covered in get back on to in pain

‫مغطى بــ‬ )‫يعود علي (ظهر الخيل‬ ‫فى ألم – مؤلم‬

get on very well with ‫علي عالقة طيبة بـ‬

in addition to

have a cold

instead of

‫بدال من‬

kind to

‫طيب مع‬

have lessons with

‫لديه نزلة برد‬ ‫يحضر دروس مع‬

‫باإلضافة الى‬

at home

‫فى المنزل‬

out of my hand

at the back of

‫فى مؤخرة‬

run past

call for

‫ينادى على‬

set down for a rest ‫يجلس للحصول على راحة‬

climb on to

‫يتسلق اعلى‬

sunnier but colder ‫أكثر اشراقا ولكن أكثر برودة‬

come into

‫يدخل الى‬

communicate with 38

‫يتواصل مع‬

the outside world live in / at

‫بعيدا عن يدى‬ ‫يجرى امام‬

‫العالم الخارجى‬ ‫يعيش فى‬

UNIT 11

live with

‫يعيش مع‬

put into

‫يضع فى‬

lock in

‫يحبس فى‬

refer to

‫يشير الى‬

look over

‫يطل على‬

set off

manage to

‫يتمكن من‬

shout at

move to

‫ينتقل الى‬

have the right to

‫يبدأ الرحلة‬ ‫يصرخ فى‬ ‫لديه الحق في‬

Irrigular Plural ‫هناك بعض االس ��ماء ال تنطبق عليها قواعد الجمع العادية ولكن لها اش ��كال خاصة في الجمع تحفظ‬ ‫كما هي نذكر لك بعضها‬

Word

Plural

child

‫طفل‬

children

woman

‫امرأة‬

women

man

‫رجل‬

men

gentleman

‫شخص مهذب‬

gentlemen

knife

‫سكين‬

knives

hoof

‫حافر‬

hooves

potato

‫حبة بطاطس‬

potatoes

wife

‫زوجة‬

wives

foot

‫قدم‬

feet

wolf

‫ذئب‬

wolves

ox

‫ثور‬

oxen

mouse

‫فأر‬

mice 39

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

Notes on Vocabulary arrive (in – at) He arrived in Cairo.

He arrived at the airport.

When did they arrive? reach + object He reached the airport.

They reached Cairo. get to They get to Cairo.

They got to Cairo airport alone He carried the stone alone. lonely Despite his friends, he feels lonely.

‫يصـل الي‬ ‫يصـل مكـان كبيـر‬ ‫يصـل مكـان صغيـر‬ ‫بـدون حـرف جـر‬ ‫يصـل بـدون حـرف جـر‬ ‫يصـل مكـان صغيـر‬ ‫يصـل مكـان كبيـر‬ ‫يصــل إلى‬

) ‫بمفرده ( شـئ مـادى‬ )‫وحيدا (يشعـر بالوحـدة) (شـئ معنـوى‬

manage to + ‫ المصـدر‬ He managed to answer the test. ( succeed ) succeed in + (v+ing) He succeeded in answering the test. look over= overlook My flat overlooks the Nile. overlook I usually overlook his mistake because he’s still too young. at the end At the end of the month, I’ll travel.

At the end of the book, you will find the answer. in the end = finally In the end, my friend arrived.

40

‫يتمكـن مـن‬ ‫ينجـح فـى‬

‫يطل علي‬ ‫يتغاضي عن‬

‫فى نهـاية شـئ‬ ‫أخيــرا‬

UNIT 11

Confusing Words • along • hear • sound • miserable • clothe

‫ بمحاذاة‬/ ‫بطول‬

• a long

)‫يسمع (بدون قصد‬

• listen

‫بائس‬

• miser

)‫صوت (شئ‬

• voice • cloth

‫طويل‬

)‫يسمع (بقصد‬

)‫صوت (شخص‬

‫بخيل‬

‫قماش‬

Listening Text Jane: My name is Jane Eyre and this is the story of my life. In 1818, when I was two years old, my parents died. I went to Gateshead Hall to live with Mr Reed, who was my mother’s brother. Unfortunately, Mr Reed died some years later, but I continued to live there with his wife and children, Eliza, John and Georgina. The three children disliked me. They said that I was not as good as them because I had come from a poorer family.

One afternoon, when I was nine years old, I was reading quietly in a room at the back of the house. It was winter and I had read in that room every day for weeks. My cousin John had not known I was there so when he saw me, he started to shout at me. “You have no right to read our books in this room,” he said. “You have no money and we have to feed and clothe you. Don’t touch our books!”

Then he pushed the book out of my hand. I shouted at him and tried to get the book back. At that moment, Mrs Reed came into the room. “You naughty girl, Jane,” she said and told one of the servants to lock me in a room upstairs. So I was put into the room, the door was locked and I was left alone.

The room was cold, large and silent. Although the room had furniture in it, it was hardly ever used. My uncle, Mr Reed, had died in this room. What a kind man he had been when I first moved there! But his Wife was just the opposite. She had disliked me from the day that I arrived at Gateshead Hall and had always made me miserable.

41

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

Reading Text Jane Eyre As I settled into my new life at Thornfield Hall as a governess, I became more comfortable.

Mrs Fairfax was always really kind to me and I got on very well with my student, Adele. I often climbed on to the roof of the house and looked over the countryside because I needed contact with the outside world.

Three very happy months passed. One day, when Adele had a cold and I did not have to teach her, I offered to take a letter to the post office for Mrs Fairfax. I set off for the village of Hay, about eight kilometres away. It was a really beautiful day; it was sunnier but colder than it had been recently and the roads were extremely icy.

As I was walking along, I heard the sound of a horse’s hooves on the road. Just then, an enormous black dog ran past me and then came a gentleman on a black horse. Suddenly, the horse lipped and threw the gentleman to the ground. I ran towards the horse and its rider. The gentleman was on the ground in pain.

I tried to catch the horse but without success, so I told the man I would go to Thornfield Hall for help. When I said that I was the governess there, the gentleman looked quite surprised.

Finally, I managed to catch the horse and helped the gentleman get back on to it.

And without thanking me, he called for his dog Pilot to follow and set off towards Thornfield Hall.

Questions & Answers 1. What is the new place where Jane settled?

She settled at Thornfield Hall.

2. What does she do at Thornfield Hall?

She works as a governess.

‫ما هو المكان الجديد التى استقرت به جين؟‬ ‫ماذا تعمل جين فى قصر ثورنفيلد؟‬

3. How was the relation between Jane and Mrs Fairfax? ‫كيف كانت العالقة بين جين والسيدة فايرفاكس؟‬ Mrs Fairfax was kind to her.

42

UNIT 11

4. Why did Jane climb on to the roof of the house?

To look over the countryside.

5. Why did Jane look over the countryside?

Because she needed contact with the outside world.

‫لماذا صعدت جين الى سطح المنزل؟‬ ‫لماذا القت جين النظر على الريف؟‬

6. One day, Jane couldn’t teach Adele. Explain why? ‫ اشرح لماذا؟‬.‫ جين لم تستطع التدريس ل اديلى‬، ‫فى يوم ما‬ Because Adele had a cold. ‫كيف ذهبت جين للريف؟‬ 7. How did Jane go to the countryside?

She offered to take a letter to the post office for Mrs Fairfax.

8. What is the distance to the village of Hay? About eight kilometres.

9. How was the weather there?

It was sunnier but colder than it had been recently.

10. How were the roads there?

The roads were extremely icy.

11. What did Jane hear while walking?

She heard the sound of a horse’s hooves on the road.

‫ما المسافة الى قرية هاى؟‬ ‫كيف كان الطقس هناك؟‬ ‫كيف كانت الطرق هناك؟‬ ‫ماذا سمعت جين اثناء المشى؟‬

‫ماذا حدث للرجل على الحصان؟‬ 12. What happened to the gentleman on the horse?

The horse slipped and threw the gentleman to the ground. ‫ماذا فعلت جين لمساعدة الرجل؟‬ 13. What did Jane do to help the gentleman?

She ran towards the horse and its rider who was on the ground in pain. She tried to catch the horse, but without success. ‫متى بدا الرجل مندهش تماما؟‬ 14. When did the gentleman look quite surprised?

When Jane said that I was the governess at Thornfield Hall. ‫كيف ساعدت جين الرجل فى النهاية؟‬ 15. How did Jane help the gentleman at the end?

She managed to catch the horse and helped the gentleman get back on to it.

16. How did the gentleman treat Jane after helping him? ‫كيف عامل الرجل جين بعد مساعدته؟‬ The gentleman get back on to the horse and without thanking her, he called for his dog Pilot to follow and set off towards Thornfield Hall.

43

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

Critical Thinking Questions & Answers 17. What do you think Jane’s life was like as the governess for a young child in a large house in the country in nineteenth-century England? ‫ماذا تعتقد عن حياه جين كمربيه لطفل صغير فى منزل كبير فى الريف فى القرن التاسع عشر؟‬ It was lonely. There was little social life; she had no friends with her or people of her own age.

18. Which subjects do you think Adele was taught?

SB ‫اى المواد تعتقد انها درست ل اديلى؟‬ She was probably taught maths, music, history, geography, science and a language.

19. Why do you think Jane needed contact with the outside world?

SB ‫لماذا تعتقد أن جين احتاجت لالتصال بالعالم الخارجى؟‬ Because she spent most of her time in the big house with the family of the child she taught.

20. Why do you think the gentleman left without thanking Jane?

SB ‫لماذا تعتقد أن الرجل غادر دون شكر جين؟‬ Because he was an important person and she was just a governess.

21. In the nineteenth century, do you think there were more or fewer schools than ‫ هل تعتقد أن كان هناك مدارس اقل ام اكثر؟‬،‫ فى القرن التاسع عشر‬SB there are today?

There were fewer schools.

22. Why do you think it was the children of rich or important people who had lessons at home?

SB ‫لماذا تعتقد ان اطفال االغنياء او الناس المهمين هم من يحصلون على دروس فى المنزل؟‬ The families had enough money to pay for teachers to come to their homes at a time when people had to pay for education anyway. This may have been necessary if they lived a long way from a school. The nearest school may not have been very good. ‫لماذا تعتقد انه اصبح اقل شيوعا االن؟‬ 23. Why do you think it is less common now?

SB Today we all live near to a good school where education is free.

24. Why must some children have lessons at home today?

SB ‫لماذا يجب على بعض االطفال الحصول على دروس فى المنزل اليوم؟‬ Ill children or children with disabilities may have to be taught at home because they cannot get to school or are physically or mentally not fit enough. Sometimes children who live in very remote areas also need to be taught at home.

44

UNIT 11

25. What do you think these children miss by not going to school? ‫ماذا تعتقد ان هؤالء االطفال يفتقدوا بعدم ذهابهم للمدرسه؟‬ They don’t meet or mix with other children the same age as themselves. They miss out on interesting lessons using equipment unavailable to home tutors.

26. In addition to learning from their teachers, who do children learn from at school?

What do they learn from these people? ‫ ممن يتعلم االطفال من المدرسة؟ ماذا يتعلم من هؤالء الناس؟‬،‫باالضافه الى التعلم من مدرسيهم‬ They also learn from other children. They learn social skills, games, etc.

Exercises 1. Do you think the students benefit from schools? How? 2. The gentleman left without thanking Jane. Why? 3. What is Jane’s job?

4. Why did the man look surprised?

5. Why were the roads icy?

6. What are the skills which the students learn from schools?

7. How did Jane help the gentleman at the end?

8. Why did Jane look over the countryside?

9. Why couldn›t Adele have her lesson?

10. What are the reasons that make the children have lessons at home?

11. Jane always climbed onto the roof. Explain why?

12. Do you think the rich children only who have lessons at home? Why?

Vocabulary Exercises

1 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: Student’s Book – Workbook

It can be expensive to feed and ................. children if you have a large family. a) clothe b) cloth c) clothes d) close 2 It is often completely ................. in the desert at night: you cannot hear anything. a) noise b) noisy c) silence d) silent 3 He does not like the cold and he really ................. going outside in the rain. a) unlikes b) dislikes c) likes d) loves 4 She has the same family name as me, but she is no ................. a) friend b) relation c) father d) home 1

45

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

Poor Sara. She has a cold, she›s got a pain in her arm and she feels ................. a) miser b) misery c) miserable d) comfortable 6 All children have the ................. to go to school. a) wright b) right c) write d) rite 7 A ................. is a woman who lives with a family and teaches the children at home. a) teacher b) headmistress c) nurse d) governess 8 A ................. is the foot of an animal such as a horse. b) hive c) hoof d) horseshoe a) half 9 The word ................. means behaving badly. a) busy b) naughty c) easy d) lazy 10 A ................. is a member of your family. a) teenager b) relation c) gown-up d) neighbour 5

NEW 11 Few

GEM

people have daily ................. with mentally disabled people. a) contact b) connect c) communicate d) comment 12 Nada ................. in the bathroom, so her leg was broken. a) slipped b) crashed c) clashed d) smashed 13 When we were in Sinai, we saw an ................. mountain. a) huge b) big c) icy d) great 14 It takes a few months to ................. into life at college. a) set b) settle c) sit d) sent 15 The naughty boy ................. the cat in the kitchen without food or water. a) looked b) locked c) booked d) shocked 16 I wish you’d stop ................. at the children. a) talking b) shouting c) speaking d) watching 17 ................., you were out when the minister visited us. a) Likely b) Unlike c) Fortunately d) Unfortunately 18 My car didn’t move. Please, help me to ................. it away. a) bush b) push c) pull d) bull 19 The children were so excited that they could ................. speak. a) hardness b) hard c) hardly d) harness 20 Where is Mona?

- She is ................. in bed feeling ill. a) upstart b) upstair c) upstairs d) upstart 21 I thought the medicine would make him sleep, but it had the ................. effect. a) similar b) most c) same d) opposite 46

UNIT 11

22 My

husband bought a ................. car, but it was very expensive. a) used b) use c) using d) usage 23 If your house has been robbed, you shouldn’t ................. anything until the police arrive. a) point b) touch c) visit d) pass 24 I was ashamed when I ................. knocked over a glassof water and everyone laughed. c) fortunately d) accidentally b) Intentionally a) on purpose 25 They ................. up the hill to get a better view. a) spent b) drilled c) climbed d) digged 26 I think Ali is very rich because he has an ................. house. a) big b) huge c) enormous d) small 27 My father works ................. hard to earn money to buy our needs. a) extremist b) extreme c) extremely d) extremism 28 He has a cheerful , but quiet ................. . b) charts c) chariety d) chants a) character 29 The radio was the pilot’s only means of ................. . a) transport b) knowledge c) information d) communication 30 They finally found the cat up on the ................. of his house. b) rod c) roof d) rot a) rom 31 Pupils should be given time to ................. the text with their classmates. a) answer b) find c) discuss d) ??????????

32 The police tried to ................. the murderer, but they lost him. b) follow c) fellow d) found a) miss 33 My son starts ................. after two months. a) a school b) the school c) schools d) school 34 A lot of people die of ................. diseases such as diabetes and blood pressure. a) rare b) common c) scarce d) seldom 35 A ................. is a piece of clothing made of wool that covers the upper part of your body and arms. a) trouser b) ring c) glove d) jumper 36 The officer looked ................. when he saw the thief standing by the front door. a) surprising b) surprised c) surprise d) a surprise 37 Sandy will be ................. to see you in the conference. a) delight b) delighting c) delighted d) delightful 38 She wanted to ................. lessons with the new teacher. a) make b) do c) have d) be 47

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

39 After

the race, she sat down ................. a rest. a) to b) for c) with d) by 40 She got on very well ................. her students. a) to b) at c) for d) with 41 A ................. is someone who was paid to clean someone’s house, cook for them, answer the door etc, and who often lived in the house. a) servant b) pilot c) waiter d) 42 I bought a new flat which looks ................. the Nile. a) over b) at c) for d) up 43 Last winter, this mountain was covered ................. ice. a) in b) on c) at d) for 44 She travelled to Europe to spend the honeymoon instead ................. staying at home. a) for b) to c) in d) of 45 The doctor ................. me to a heart surgeon to do the transplant operation. a) thanked b) refered c) recognised d) called 46 He was ................. in a dark room because he was naughty. a) shocked b) booked c) looked d) locked 47 Parents sometimes find it difficult to communicate ................. their teenage children. a) by b) to c) with d) in 48 My wife called ................. Menna as she wanted her to set the table for dinner. a) to b) with c) at d) for 49 The government appears to be putting more money ................. education. a) for b) at c) in d) into 50 They ................. him a very good job, but he turned it down. a) suffered b) afford c) offered d) covered

2 Find and correct the mistake in each of the following sentences: Student’s Book – Workbook

1. The opposite of the word “like” is unlikely.

2. The word “noisy” means not make any sound.

3. “Feed” means to provide clothes for someone.

4. “Fight” is a rule which allows you to do something.

5. Half is the foot of an animal such as a horse.

48

(............) (............) (............) (............) (............)

UNIT 11

NEW

GEM

6. Rania was not as good as them because she had come from a poorest family. (............)

7. During the race, the rider felt off his horse. (............)

8. We walked a long the bank of the river yesterday. (............)

9. They set of the journey to the mountains two days ago. (............)

10. It costs a lot to feed and cloth five children. (............)

11. She arrived in Alexandria Airport two hours early. (............)

12. I spent the weekend feeling miser because of my grandfather’s death. (............) (............)

13. He felt alone after his wife’s death. (............)

14. Don’t lose the chance to watch the new play of “Ali Rabie”. (............)

15. She lived at her new family after her father’s death.

G

rammar

The past simple and past perfect

‫الماضى البسيط والماضى التام‬

:‫تم شرح هذه القاعدة في الوحدة السادسة بالتفصيل وسيتم مراجعتها كالتالي‬ .‫ الحدث الذي تم أوال يكون ماضي تام و الحدث التالي ماضي بسيط‬:‫عند وجود جملة واحدة بها حدثان تما في الماضي‬ I sold the villa that I had bought the week before.

Nada phoned me after I had finished my work.

1. Use the past perfect to refer to an action or situation before the main verb in the past simple: .‫نستخدم الماضي التام لإلشارة إلي حدث أو موقف قبل الفعل األساسي في الماضي البسيط‬ Jane had lived with her parents before she moved to Gateshead Hall.

2. When two actions happen one after the other, you can use the past perfect for the action that happened first: ً‫عند حدوث حدثان الواحد تلو اآلخر من الممكن استخدام الماضي التام لإلشارة الي الحدث الذي تم ا‬ .‫أول‬ Jane went to Thornfield Hall after they had offered her a job there. .‫وهناك عدد من الروابط تستخدم مع الماضي التام و الماضي البسيط‬ After / As soon as + past perfect .................... past simple

After Shaza had taken the money, she bought the skirt.

They went home as soon as they had finished playing the game.

49

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

Before / By the time + past simple .................... past perfect

Before we wrote the report, we had asked every one in the area.

Hams had gone out with her friends by the time she traveled to Alex.

When + past perfect .................... past perfect.

When I had arrived at the bus stop, the bus left. I caught it.

When + past simple .................... past simple.

When I went home, my brother left. I met him.

When + past simple .................... past perfect.

When I arrived at the station, the train had left. I missed it.

Past simple (negation) + until – till + past perfect.

We didn’t come until they had told us what had happened.

The flat wasn’t decorated till I had saved some money.

No sooner + had ‫ فاعل‬p.p. .................... than + past simple.

No sooner had Ali gone home than he found his wallet.

Ali had no sooner gone home than he found his wallet.

Hardly + had ‫ فاعل‬p.p. .................... when + past simple.

Hardly had Mido watched the match when he slept.

Mido had hardly watched the match when he slept.

Scarcely + had ‫ فاعل‬p.p. .................... when + past simple.

Scarcely had Eman phoned Dalia when she went out.

Eman had scarcely phoned Dalia when she went out.

Important Notes After + v-ing. .................... past simple ‫حرف جر بدون فاعل‬

After eating our lunch, we went to the club.

Before + v-ing. .................... past perfect. ‫حرف جر بدون فاعل‬

Before arriving home, they had bought their needs.

Having + p.p. .................... past simple

Having waken up, I went to meet the boss.

50

UNIT 11

Advanced Points ‫ مع بعض االفعال عند ستمرارها قبل الماضي‬for – since – all ‫يتحول الماضي التام إلي ماضي تام مستمر مع‬ .‫البسيط‬ He was so tired. He had been working for 12 hours.

She couldn’t take her breath. She had been running all day.

.‫ نستخدم المضارع التام المستمر‬for – since – all ‫أما إذا كان زمن الجملة االحدث مضارع مع‬ He is so tired. He has been working for 12 hours.

She can’t take her breath. She has been running all day.

Grammar Exercises 1 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d: Student’s Book – Workbook 1 They said that I was not as good as them because I ............. from a poorer family.

a) has come b) comes c) had come d) was coming 2 My cousin John had not known I was there so when he saw me, he ............. to shout at me. a) started b) had started c) start d) starts 3 What a kind man he ............. when I first moved there. a) was b) were c) has been d) had been 4 Before Mrs Reed ............. Jane to leave the room, she had become ill. a) allows b) had allowed c) allowed d) was allowing 5 As Ali ............. well, he was so tired this morning. a) didn’t slept b) hadn’t slept c) hasn’t slept d) wasn’t sleep 6 Mona was tired this morning because she ............. well the night before. a) didn’t sleep b) hasn’t slept c) hadn’t slept d) wasn’t sleeping 7 Samira’s father had been a vet before he ............. a science teacher. a) had become b) become c) has become d) became 51

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

r. Jones ............. Arabic after he had been to Egypt on holiday.

M a) learnt b) had learnt c) was learning d) has learnt 9 I ............. in the country before my family moved to Alexandria. a) always live b) have always lived c) always lived d) had always lived 10 When we sat down for a rest, we ............. more than 15 kilometres. a) have already walked b) had already walked c) already walked d) was already walking 11 When Tarek saw Ahmed, he remembered that they ............. before. a) met b) had met c) were meeting d) have met 12 The ground ............. very dry because it hadn’t rained for months. a) was b) has been c) had been d) would be 13 Dalia ............. in Luxor before she moved to Alexandria. a) living b) has lived c) had lived d) was lived 14 They ............. a bus to their hotel after they had arrived at the airport. a) take b) had taken c) had took d) took 15 I am tired because I ............. playing tennis. a) had just stopped b) have just stopped c) just stopped d) have just 16 Soha was not hungry because she ............. lunch. a) was already eaten b) had already eaten c) already eats d) ate already 8

NEW

17 My

GEM

family ............. for the club an hour ago. a) leave b) left c) were leaving 18 Mona’s father went to prison because he ............. into debt. a) get b) got c) had got 19 No sooner ............. the report than he phoned me. a) he read b) he had read c) did he read 20 By the age of 24 I ............. from Tanta university. a) graduated b) have graduated c) had graduated d) graduates 52

d) will leave d) getting d) had he read

UNIT 11

21 When

the baby ............., the mother started her housework. a) sleep b) sleeps c) sleeping d) had slept 22 I had finished my homework before ............. . a) slept b) sleeping c) had slept d) having slept 23 Hams had hardly gone out when it ............. to rain. a) began b) had begun c) begins d) would begin 24 Before my mother ............. the medicine, she had had her lunch. b) had taken c) has taken d) took a) take 25 . ............ seen the accident, we phoned the police. a) On b) After c) Having d) Before 26 When Nada went back to school, she found that she ............. the wrong paragraph. a) wrote b) had written c) has written d) had been written 27 When we got to the show, all seats ............. . a) were taking b) taken c) had been taken d) had taken 28 . ............ had my dinner, I watched TV. a) After b) Before c) Having d) During 29 He finished the essay the teacher ............. him last week. a) gave b) has been giving c) had given d) had been given 30 By the time he finished writing the report, he ............. two bottles of water. a) had drunk b) drank c) had been drinking d) drinking 31 I ............. my wallet which I had lost a week ago. a) had found b) found c) have found d) would find 32 I was very angry because when I arrived at the station, the train ............. . a) had left b) has left c) is leaving d) leaves 33 Hana ............. until we had forced her to do that. a) slept b) hadn’t slept c) doesn’t sleep d) didn’t sleep 34 On hearing the bad news, I ............. to sympathize them. a) had phoned b) phones c) was phoning d) phoned 35 After having lunch, he ............. a cup of tea. a) was having b) has c) had d) had had 53

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

Previous Exams 36 They left for Rome after they ......... some business in London.

(2016 ‫)بني سويف – إدارة بني سويف‬

a) do b) had done c) would do d) were doing 37 No sooner had the match started .............i t began to rain.

(2016 ‫)الشرقية – إدارة ههيا‬ a) then b) that c) than d) this 38 He didn’t do his post-graduate studies ............. he had married. (2015 ‫)جنوب سيناء – إدارة الطور‬ a) unless b) before c) until d) as long 39 Mr Badr ............. Mr Magdy a present when he left.

(2015 ‫)أسيوط – إدارة منفلوط‬ a) gave b) give c) has given d) will give 40 After ............. work, we went home.

(2015 ‫)قنا – إدارة نجع حمادي‬ a) leaving b) left c) had left d) have left

2 Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets, to give the

same meaning.

1. Samir didn’t go to the club until he had finished work.

(By the time) 2. After Hala had finished her shopping, she returned home.

(Having ... ) 3. I read a story and then I went to bed.

(2016 ‫( )الشرقية – كفر صقر‬After) 4. After she had cleaned the flat, she went shopping. (2016 ‫( )الشرقية – إدارة منيا القمح‬Before) 5. Samy studied English then he had a break.

(2016 ‫( )الغربية – إدارة غرب طنطا‬After) 6. Mostafa had a meal before he went out. (until) 7. Ayman saw the film. Then his relative came. (by the time) (gone) 8. I got up at 6 o’clock and after that I went to my work.

9. My brother traveled abroad, but before that he completed his studies. (when) 10. They didn’t help us till we had asked them for help.

(After) 11. I will do my homework and then go out with my friends.

(As soon as) 12. We phoned the police after seeing the road accident.

(We didn’t) 13. First I went out of the house and immediately it began to rain. (No sooner…)

(Having) 14. Eman came from Tanta and then she slept because she was tired.

15. Ali won an important prize at the age of 15. (when) 16. Hardly had we watched the new flat when we decided to buy it. (watching) 17. I had a sever headache and as a result I took an asprin. (because) 18. After watching the match on TV, I slept.

(As soon as) 19. Mido had just arrived home and began to eat at once. (arriving) 20. Having finished my homework, I went to the cinema with my friends. (had finished)

54

UNIT 11

Language Functions Agreeing and disagreeing Agreeing

• That’s true.

• I’d go along with that.

• I couldn’t agree more.

• I agree (with) …

• You’re right.

• I suppose so.

• Exactly.

‫الموافقة وعدم الموافقة‬

Disagreeing • I’d say the opposite.

• I’m completely against …

• I’m not so sure.

• I don’t agree (with) …

• That’s not always true.

• I don’t think so.

• I disagree (with) …

Expressing Opinions

• In my opinion ‫ الشيء‬is ………….

• I think …………. is ………….

• If you ask me, I think ………….

Skills 1 Finish the following dialogue:

“Marwa is calling her friend Toka. Toka’s sister ( Noha ) tells her that Toka is not at home:” Marwa : Hello, Marwa speaking. May I have a word with Toka?

Noha : I’m afraid she ..........................(1).......................... .

Marwa : ..........................(2)..........................?

Noha : She won’t be back till 5 o’clock. ..........................(3)..........................?

Marwa : Thank you. I just want to ask her about our English homework.

Noha : All right ..........................(4).......................... .

2 Write what would you say in each of the following situations:

omeone says that children should learn two new languages at school. You agree.

S 2 Express your opinion about education at our schools.

3 Your friend thinks that English is very difficult.

4 A friend says that the book which you are both reading is boring.

1

55

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

our friend says that the bus IS the best way to go home from a museum.

Y Disagree.

6 Someone asks your opinion about a book you have read.

7 Your brother thinks that computers are a waste of time. You have a different opinion.

8 Someone thinks that old people are weak. You are against the idea.

5

3 Translation:

A) Translate into Arabic: 1. All of us must play an effective role to build up an advanced country.

2. Education is considered the corner stone to achieve progress in Egypt.

3. Don’t put off today’s work till tomorrow.

4. TV programmes make children more violent and aggressive.

B) Translate into English: .‫ يعتمد النجاح فى الحياة على الصبر والعمل الجاد‬-1 .‫ القراءة توسع األفق وتجدد الفكر‬-2 .‫ وهب الله مصر كثيرا من الموارد الطبيعية التى يجب أن نحسن استغاللها‬-3 .‫ حان وقت العمل الجاد حتى نبنى مستقبل أفضل لوطننا‬-4

make good use of horizon advanced aggressive

Enrich

your

‫يحسن استغاللها‬ ‫األفق‬

‫متقدم‬

‫عدواني‬

vocabulary broaden

natural resources corner stone violent

‫يوسع‬

‫الموارد الطبيعية‬ ‫حجر الزاوية‬

‫عنيف‬

Advanced ‫هذا التمرين مجاب عنه فى آخر الكتاب‬

1 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

he .................. hard for about eight years now.

S a) has been working b) is working c) had been working d) will work 2 My hands were dirty. I .................. the flat all day. a) had painted b) had been painting c) has cooked d) has been cooking 1

56

UNIT 11

ast month I spent a week in Luxor. I .................. of going there since I was a L young child. a) have dreamed b) had dreamed c) dreamed d) was dreaming 4 He was really angry because he .................. for an hour before I arrived. a) was waiting b) has been waiting c) waited d) had been waiting 5 Yesterday, I .................. only two lessons all day before I slept. b) have been studying a) had been studying c) studied d) had studied 3

2 Find the mistake in each of the following sentences, then write it correctly: 1. I got too tired because of my 12 hour hard work.

2. For stealing my car, my neighbor was arrested.

3. I insisted on not leaving without taking my money.

4. Having had the chance, I applied for the job.

5. He had no sooner had his car washed than he traveled.

Test

2

(for) (had) (until) (having) (When)

Based on Unit 11

A Language Functions 1 Finish the following dialogue:

Mona : We’re going fishing tomorrow ............................(1)..........................?

Ahmed : I’d love to, but. ............................(2).......................... .

Mona : Why ............................(3)..........................?

Ahmed : Because my grandfather is in hospital.

Mona : ............................(4).......................... .

Ahmed : Thank you for your feelings

2 Write what you would say in each of the following situations:

1. Someone asks your opinion about the match you’ve watched together.

2. Someone says education is the most important part of child’s life. You have the same opinion.

3. Your teacher wants to know your opinion of the school activities.

4. Your friend’s opinion of the internet is that it is not good. You disagree giving your own reason.

57

UNIT 11

Charlotte Brontë

B Vocabulary and Structure 3 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:

He had finished his training by the time he .................. the job. a) got b) had got c) would get d) gets 2 I think we should try again using a different .................. of communication to develop our company. a) method b) tool c) route d) passage 3 I helped my friend as soon as I .................. my own. a) do b) was doing c) would do d) had done 4 He has .................. been promoted to Assistant Manager. a) recent b) recently c) resently d) resignly 5 I had finished all my work before .................. the company. a) left b) had left c) leaving d) having left 6 She was too weak to .................. herself. a) eat b) food c) feed d) drink 7 .................. had he left home when he heard an explosion. a) No sooner b) After c) Before d) Scarcely 8 Although he is very poor, he could .................. his young children. a) cloth b) clothe c) clothes d) clothing 9 He missed the bus because he .................. late. a) had got up b) gets up c) has got up d) get up 10 She worked as a .................. in the king’s palace. She lived with the king’s family and taught his children at home. a) teacher b) headmistress c) nurse d) governess 11 By the age of ten, my daughter .................. how to use the internet. a) learn b) had learnt c) had been learnt d) has learnt 12 My wife came .................. the room to search for her lost book. a) to b) in c) into d) at 1

4 Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets to give the same

meaning: 1. Hana went out for the evening, but first she had a shower. (after) 2. First I read the report, then I made some notes.

(Before) 3. Having reached home, I was sorry for not finding my father. (had left) 4. I visited my close friend after finishing my work. (by the time)

58

UNIT 11

5 Find and correct the mistake in the following sentences:

13 Would you like some icy in your drink?

14 My son had a cool yesterday so we took him to hospital.

15 In addition for studying hard, she practised her hobbies.

16 It was bad of him to look the cat inside the room for 20 hours.

C

Reading

6 Read the following passage, then answer the questions:

Today you can find fast food restaurants in almost every big city. Two things make fast food restaurants popular. Speed and price. People’s time is valuable. The don’t want to waste a lot of time eating or preparing food. The service is fast, so they can order what they want, eat it and be finished in less than 15 minutes. And prices are cheap and handy. Because of the large number of meals sold every day in the fast food restaurants, costs are kept low. Another thing people like is that they can be sure what the food will taste in a fast food restaurant. Some say that fast foods have no value. Fast foods such as beef burgers contain too much salt, carbohydrates and fat.

A. Answer the following questions:

1. What shows that fast food restaurants are widely spread?

2. Why do people prefer fast food restaurants more comfortable restaurants?

3. Why are prices at fast food restaurants cheaper than elsewhere?

4. Why do some people not prefer fast food restaurants?

B. Choose the correct answer from a , b , c or d:

5. The underlined word “it” refers to .................. . b) what they want a) the service c) fast food d) the cheap food 6. Most people find fast foods .................. . a) expensive b) cheap c) comfortable d) comfortable and cheap

7 Answer Only Four (4) of the following questions:

1. How did Jane go to the countryside?

2. What is the distance to the village of Hay? 3. Which subjects do you think Adele was taught?

4. In the nineteenth century, do you think there were more or fewer schools than there are today?

59

Charlotte Brontë

UNIT 11

5. Was the gentleman right to leave without thanking Jane? Why? 6. Why do you think Jane needed contact with the outside world?

D

The Novel (Gulliver’s Travels)

8 A) Answer the following questions:

1. What terrible dream did Oliver think he had?

2. What is the happiest day in Oliver’s life?

3. Who did Mr. Bumble marry?

4. Mr. Bumble had no principles. Do you agree? Why? 5. Oliver had learnt to read and write. Do you think this benefited Harry? How?

B) Read the following quotation, then answer the questions:

“She died before she could tell me any more.” a) Who said this? To whom? b) Who was the speaker talking about? c) How did the addressed person react to these words?

E

Writing

9 Write a paragraph of (90) words about only one (1) of the following:

1. “A day you spent with your family.”

2. Changing our deserts into greenland will help us to solve our major problems.

F Translation 10 A) Translate into Arabic:

1. We should do our best to make Egypt the best country in the world.

2. Try to express yourself freely and without fear.

B) Translate into English:

60

.‫يعتبر الريف أقل المناطق تلوثا في مصر‬