Mukadu 9 by முகடு

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vd; jdpik %yk; - JUf;fp ahUNk mwpe;jpuhj vdf;Fs;shd xU ntWik. VNjh xd;W vd;Ds; mirfpd;wJ! xU Kftupia ,of;f Ntz;Lnkd;wpUe;jhy;! ,jaj;jpd; Jbg;Gf;fspypUe;J tpyfpapUg;gjhftpUe;jhy;! ve;jf; fhyepiyAk; jd; %r;ir czuKbahjpUe;jhy;! vtUk; ,tw;iwg; gw;wp epidg;gjpy;iy. ehk; fhyq;fis mDgtpf;fpd;Nwhk; mtw;wpy;> gy rpNefkw;w tplaq;fisr; re;jpf;fpd;Nwhk; vk; Nfs;tpfis ahUk; ftdj;jpw; nfhs;tjpy;iy ,e;j ehs; jd;id Mgpupf;fh Nghy ,Uf;f KbntLf;fpwJ> ,e;j cyfg;gug;gpy; ,y;yhkypUe;Jnfhz;L! mJTk; Nghjhjnjd;W>

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kQ;rs;epw RUf;Ffs; itj;j Milazpe;J mts; te;jhs; vd; tho;tpYs;s FiwghLfis vdf;F ,dq;fhl;bdhs;. ehNdh vd;Ds; RUq;fp> ve;jnthU fjhghj;jpuj;ijAk; gpujpgypf;fKbahky;! gytPdkhfpd;wJ vd;Dly;! cq;fs; Fuy;fspy; vd; jdpikahdJ gutp mjpfupj;Jr; nry;yl;Lk;! ehd; ,g;nghOnjy;yhk; gwitfspd; ghly;fis kl;LNk Nfl;fpd;Nwd;!

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“nkhj;jk; 225 epWtdj;ij xU Filapd; fPo; nfhz;Lte;J 2005 y; ,Ue;J ,d;Wtiuapy; 493 jpl;lq;fis N[u;kd; Jjufk; kw;Wk; mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fspD}hlf ,yq;ifapy; eilKiwg;gLj;jpapUf;fpNwd;.” cq;fis ehd; vt;thW njupe;J nfhs;s KbAk;? kd;dpf;fTk;> ePq;fs; ahu; vd nrhy;Yq;fs;;? ,yq;ifapy; ,Ue;J N[u;kd; tiu ehd; mbf;fb vjpu;nfhz;l Nfs;tpfspy; xd;W ,J. vd; tho;f;ifapy; ehd; vjpu;nfhz;l vdf;fhd milahsj;ij Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhs;s re;jpf;Fk; kpfg;ngupa rthyhf ,e;jf; Nfs;tp vg;NghJk; ,Uf;fpwJ. cyfpw;F vd;idj; njupahJ. vdNt milahsj;ij epiy epWj;JtJ KOtJk; vd; nghWg;G. ,aw;if vopy; R+o;e;j ,ae;jpu tho;it js;sp itj;J Rj;jkhd Rje;jpuf; fhw;Wk;> ,aw;ifia kUe;Jfshff; nfhz;l nropg;ghd Cu; vk; Cu;. ,d;gkhdhYk; Jd;gkhdhYk; ,q;F nrhe;jq;fs; nrhu;f;fkhf ,Ug;gu;. mofpa ,aw;if tdg;GkpFe;j vk; fpuhkk; ,yq;ifapd; tlgFjpapy; cs;s tlkhuhl;rp gFjpahd jk;grpl;b vDk; rpW fpuhkk;> vdJ gpwg;gplk;. vdJ je;ij itj;jpaj;Jiwapy; flik epkpj;jk; ntt;NtW ,lq;fspy; Ntiy fhuzkhf ,Ue;jjdhy; ehDk; ,yq;ifapd; gy;NtW efuq;fspy; gy;fyhr;rhuj;jpy; thoNtz;ba R+oy;. ,e;j tho;e;j mDgtk; kwf;f Kbahjit. ehd; fy;tp fw;wJ `hl;ypf;fy;Y}upapy;. cau;fy;tpia tptrha tpQ;Qhdk; fpof;F gy;fiyf;fofj;jpYk;> 83 fytuj;jpd; gpd; N[u;kdpf;F Gyk;ngau;e;JnghUshjhu njhopy;El;g tpQ;Qhdj;jpy;(GöttingenGermany N[hu[; mnfs];l); gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; vdJ gy;fiyf;fof gbg;ig njhlu;e;jpUe;Njd;. 1985y; vdJ gy;fiyf;fof ez;gu;fs; md;wa N[u;kd; mjpgu; nfy;%l; Nfhy; (German Chancellor Helmut Kohl) kfd; gPw;wu; Nfhy; (Peter Kohl) & uy;t; F&`u; (Ralf Kruger) cld; Nru;e;J jfty; njhopy;El;g MNyhrid> jahupg;G (Consulting & Development) epWtdj;ij Muk;gpj;Njd;. N[u;kdpapy; xU ntspehl;ltu; Muk;gpj;j Kjy; jfty; njhopy;El;g epWtdu; vd;w ngau; vd;idNa rhUk;. ,jw;F jpwTNfhyhf mike;jtu; md;wa N[u;kd; mjpgu; nfy;%l; Nfhy;>mj;Jld;cWJizahf ,Ue;jtu;fs;(Infosys) ehuhaz%u;j;jpAk; ikf;fpNuhnrht;l;(Microsoft) epWtdj;jpdUk;. nkhj;jk; 14 tUlq;fs; N[u;kd; murpdJ gy;NtW jsq;fSf;F> njhopy;El;gk; jpl;lkply; MNyhrfuhf vdJ epWtdk; ,Ue;jjpy; kfpo;r;rpailfpNwd;.

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a) 1983 - 1988 fhyg;gFjpapy; mfjpahf tUgtu;f;F kpftk; Nkhrkhd rl;l eilKiwfs; ,Ue;jd. ehd; ,q;Fs;s mjpcau;ePjpkd;wj;jpD}lhf eilKiwapy; ,Ue;j rl;lj;ij khw;wpaikj;J mfjpahf tUgtu; ,q;F cau;fy;tp fw;wYf;F mDkjpaopj;jik. b) N[u;kd; ghlrhiyfspy; vkJ jkpo; gs;spfspy; jkpo;nkhopf;fhd ngWNgWfs; Nru;j;Jf;nfhs;sg;gl;lik. c) N[u;kd; murpdJ Kjy; njhopy;El;gk; jpl;lkply; MNyhrfu; (mjw;F Kd; ,g;gbahd gjtp ,Uf;ftpy;iy> mj;Jld; Mrpa ehl;ltu; ,g;gbahd gjtpapy; mku;tJk; Kjw;jlit) d) 1992k; Mz;L Microsoft epWtdk; mwpKfg;gLj;jpa Microsoft Solution Provider guPl;irapd; mjp$ba Gs;spfs; ngw;W N[u;kdpapd; Kjy; Microsoft Partner Mf njupTnra;ag;gl;Nld;. e) vdJ epWtdj;jpdhy; tbtikf;fg;gl;l njhopy;El;gk;> kw;Wk; nkd;nghUl;fs; (kf;fs; njhif epu;thfk;> ntspehl;ltu; epu;tfpg;G> thfd mDkjpg;gj;jpuk;> nghyP]; kw;Wk; ,uhZt MAj epu;thfk;> mikr;R mjw;F fPohd mYtyf epu;thfk;) ,d;Wtiu gad;gLj;jg;gl;L tUfpwJ. f) 2000 k; Mz;L Payback Syste mij Kjd;Kjy; N[u;kdpapy; mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJ. (thbf;ifahsu;fs; nghUl;fs; nfhs;Kjy; nra;Ak;NghJ Gs;spfs; Nrfupj;J mjdhy; tpNrl fopTtpiy my;yJ gzk; my;yJ tpNrl gupRfs; ngWk; topKiw) thbf;ifahsu;fs; - rpy;yiw tu;j;jf tpRthrj;jpl;lk;“ ,J. g) rw;wiyw;> njhiyj;njhlu;G Clhf njU tpsk;gu gyiffs; mgptpUj;jp> jahupg;G kw;Wk; mjd; gpd;dhy; cs;s tpsk;gu epGzj;Jtk; (Marketing Concept). h) vdJ ez;gUk; N[u;kd; nghUshjhu mikr;rUkhf ,Ue;j gpypg; nwh];yu; (Phillip Rössler) cld; fye;jhNyhrpj;J N[u;kd; njhopy; El;gf;fy;Y}upia mwptpay; efu;> fpspnehr;rpapy; epWtpaJ. i) 2004 k; Mz;L N[u;kd; ke;jpupfs;> murpay;thjpfs;> N[u;kdpa tq;fp epu;thfpfs;> njhopy; epWtdq;fs;> mur murrhu;gw;w epWtd epu;thfpfs;> efugpjhf;fs;> khdpy Kjy;tu;fs; vd nkhj;jk; 225 epWtdj;ij ij-khrp

04 xU Filapd; fPo; nfhz;Lte;J 2005 y; ,Ue;J ,d;W tiuapy; 493 jpl;lq;fis N[u;kd; Jjufk; kw;Wk; mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fspD}hf ,yq;ifapy; eilKiwg;gLj;jpapUf;fpNwd;. ,tw;Ws; 94 jpl;lq;fs; tlf;F fpof;fpy; nray;gLj;jg;gl;ld. ,g;gbahd xU nray; mikg;G ,yq;if jtpu;e;J NtW ve;jehLfspYk; ntw;wpfukhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gltpy;iy. ,jpy; vdJ ,yq;if rpq;fs> jkpo;> K];ypk; ez;gu;fs; gykhf ,Ue;J cjtpAs;shu;fs;> mtu;fSf;F ,e;j Neuj;jpy; vk; ed;wpfs;. (Position f & g) = jw;NghJ cyfk;G+uhf gy kpfg;ngupa epWtdj;jpdu; ,e;j topKiwfis gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdu;. fhg;Gupik (Patent) gz;zhj fhuzpfshy; gyu; ,ytrkhf gad;gl tha;g;ghf mike;jJ vd; Ju;mjp];lNk. ,itfs; vy;yhk; gyu; njupe;jpuhj vdJ iky; fw;fs; jw;NghJ nghUshjhuk;> jpl;lkply; epjp Jiw rhu; ty;Yduhf gy ehLfspy; gzpGupfpd;Nwd;. vdJ Ratpguk; ntWk; njhFg;ghf kl;Lk; my;yhJ ehd; fw;wij cgNahfpf;fTk; tha;g;G fpilf;f Ntz;Lk; vdTk; vz;ZfpNwd;. mjw;F vd;dhy; Kbe;j msTf;F Kaw;rpAk; nra;fpNwd;. vz;zq;fSk;> rpe;jidfSk; vy;yh ,lq;fspYk;; vd;id nghUj;j tiuapy; tho;f;ifapy; ehk; vd;d fw;Wf;nfhz;Nlhk; vd;gJ kpfTk; Kf;fpak;. ehd; Ntz;LtJ> ehk; fw;wtw;iw gad;gLj;Jk; tha;g;G vy;NyhUf;Fk; fpilf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gNj MFk;. gy;NtW mur> murrhu;gw;w r%f mikg;GfNshL Nru;e;J vd;dhy; ,ad;wtiu rpy nghJ fhupaq;fspy; <Lgl;L tUfpNwd;. md;G> mikjp> rkhjhdk; kw;Wk; rNfhjuj;Jtk; Mfpait cyfk; KOtJk;epiyngw vd;dhy; ,ad;w tiu nrayhw;wp tUfpd;Nwd;. ,d;Dk; gy;NtW ey;y fdTfNshL ,e;j r%fj;jpy; vd;Dila tho;f;if xU mu;j;jKs;sjhf khw jpl;lkpl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwd;. tha;g;Gfs; tUk;NghJ mij rupahf gad;gLj;jf;fhj;jpUf;fpNwd;.

Gyk; ngau;e;J Vwj;jhs 33 tUlq;fis fle;J tpl;l cq;fsJ ,sikf;fhyk; jhafj;jpy; vg;gbahf ,Ue;jJ ? vd;Dila ghy;a gUtj;jpy; vd; je;ij vd;id jdp Mshf ,Ue;J tsu;j;jhu;. gz;bju; K.S. fpU];z%u;j;jp kw;Wk; jj;JtNkij N[.fpU];z%u;j;jp MfpNahiu jd; FUthf Vw;W ele;j cd;djkhd kdpju;. vd;Dila jhj;jh> ghl;bapd; JizNahL vd;id ed;whf ftdpj;Jf;nfhz;lhu;. vy;NyhUf;Fk; ,Ug;gJ Nghd;W vd; ,sikf;fhyj;jpd; ikag;Gs;sp `hl;ypf;fy;Y}up jhd;. gbf;Fk; NghJ rpy ey;y gof;f tof;fq;fis fil gpbj;jhYk; vdJ gs;spg;gUtk; KOtJk; nghWg;ghd khztdhfj;jhd; ,Ue;Njd;. vd; je;ijahu; topapYk; Njr czu;T> tpLjiyAzu;T vd; neQ;rpy; FbNawpw;W. fhe;jp> NeU> Nejh[p Kjypatu;fs; kPJ msTfle;j kupahij ,Ue;jJ. ehd; Kjy;jukhd jkpopyf;fpa khztd;. vdf;F tha;j;j Nguhrpupau;fs; ij-khrp

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n[u;kdpapd; murpay; fl;rpahdNrhrypr [dehaf fl;rpapy; (FDP) mbg;gil cWg;gpduhf ,Uf;fpd;wPu;fs; .mjpy; cq;fs; gq;fspg;G vg;gbahf ,Ue;jJ ? ,q;F xd;iw Ngr;Rtof;fpy; $Wthu;fs;; " murpay; ,y;yhky; nghUshjhuk; ,y;iy. nghUshjhuk; ,y;yhky; murpay; ,y;iy". ,J eilKiwapy; cz;ikjhd;. vdJ tsu;r;rpf;F NjitahAk; jtpu;f;f KbahjjhfTk; murpay; ,Ue;jJ. mjdhy; 25 tUlq;fSf;F Kd;du; ,e;jf;fl;rpapy; mq;fj;JtkhNdd;. kpff; $Ljyhd A+ju;fs; kw;Wk; Ranjhopy; GupNthiu mq;fj;jtu;fshf nfhz;l xU gykhd fl;rp. fl;rpapd; gy;NtW murpay; nray;ghLfs;> jpl;lk; tFj;jy; Mfpatw;wpy; vdJ gq;fspg;Gfs; cz;L> Nju;jy;fhyq;fspy; xUrpyuJ Nju;jy; gpur;rhug; gpuptpy; mtu;fsJ ntw;wpf;F gzpahw;wpa mDgtq;fs; epiwa cz;L. mtu;fs; N[u;kdpa murpd; rghehafuhf> Rfhjhu mikr;ruhf> cs;ehl;L mikr;ruhf> nghUshjhu mikr;ruhf ntspehl;L mikr;ruhf ,Ue;jpUf;fpwhu;fs;. ,jD}lhf ru;tNjruPjpahf ey;y gykhd njhlu;GfisAk;> el;GfisAk;> uh[je;jpupfspdJ> murpay;>nghUshjhuJiwrhu; tl;lj;Jf;Fs; ek;gpf;if ngwf;$ba tha;g;G fpilj;Js;sJ.

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KfL

jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

epiyapy; glF jfu;f;fg;gl;lJ vd;W Ngu;ypDf;F jfty; njuptpj;jhu;. mj;NjhL muRj; jug;gpy; toq;fg;gl;l thf;FWjpfs; vJTk; epiwNtw;wg;gltpy;iy; tlf;Ffpof;F Gduikg;Gg; gzpfSf;Fk; Nghjpa epjpahjhuk; toq;fg;gltpy;iy; kPdtu;fs; flypy; kPd;gpbf;fr; nry;yKbatpy;iy; Nghupy; ,lg;ngau;T Mdtu;fis kPz;Lk; mtu;fsJ ,lj;jpy; Fbaku;j;j Kbatpy;iy; ghJfhg;Gf; fhuzq;fs; vd;W uhZtk; kWf;fpwJ vd;Wk; Gypfshy; Gfhu; $wg;gl;L Ngu;ypd; Ngr;Rthu;j;ij R%fkhf elf;fhky; Fog;gj;jpy; Kbe;jJ midtUk; mwpe;jNj. MwhtJ Rw;Wg; Ngr;Rthu;j;ij [g;ghd; ehl;bd; `f;NfhNd vd;Dk; ,lj;jpy; eilngw;wJ (18-21> khu;r; 2003). ,uz;lhtJ tplak;; tpLjiyg; GypfsJ murpay;gpupT ,yq;ifapYs;s N[u;kd; J}jufj;jpD}lhf N[u;kd; murpay; ahg;G> ghuSkd;w mikg;GKiw> ,yq;if ghuSkd;w fl;likg;gpd; ghjfq;fs; gw;wp Muha;tjw;F N[u;kd; muir mZfpapUe;jnghOJk; ehd; flikahw;wpAs;Nsd;.

fzzpj;Jiwapy; fzdpapd; nkd;nghUl;fsJ fhg;Gupikfs; vg;gbahf ,Uf;fpd;wJ ? 1983 y; cyif fw;gid nra;J ghUq;fs;.! fzdp ,y;iy> Smart Phone or Iphone ,y;iy> Laptop ,y;iy> rhkhdpau;fSf;F fzdpfis mZFk; trjpAk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. njhopy;El;g jpwd; nfhz;ltu;fSf;Nf mJ rhj;jpakhf ,Ue;jJ. mtu;fSk; juTfis ifahsNt fk;g;A+l;liu gad;gLj;jpdu;. 1990 tiu> Muk;gfhy ,nkapy; mikg;G ,izaj;ij gad;gLj;jtpy;iy. cyfk; G+uhf 1989 y; fhg;gp iul; rl;lk; (Copy right law)> nkd;nghUs; (Software) cupikia fhf;Fk; tifapy; khw;wg;gl;ld.1990 1994 fspy; jhd; nkd;nghUs; fhg;Gupikia (software patent) cyf ehLfs; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sj; Jtq;fpaJ. ,e;jpahtpy; fhg;Gupikr;rl;lk; 2004y; jhd; eilKiwf;Nf te;jJ. gy ehLfspy; ,d;Dk; fhg;Gupikr;rl;lk; eilKiwapNy ,y;iy vd;gijAk; Fwpg;l Ntz;Lk; nkd;nghUl;fs; cupikabg;gilapy; ,uz;L tifAz;L. 1.fhg;Gupik nfhz;L ngUk;ghYk; tpw;gidapNyh> rpyrkak; tpiyapy;yhkYk; ntsptUgit. 2. fl;Lg;ghLfs; ,y;yhj cupikapy; ngUk;ghYk; ,ytrkhf ntsptUgit. ,e;j ,uz;lhtJ tifNa fl;lw;w nkd;nghUs; vd;W nghJthf tpiyapy;yhkYk;> ve;jtpjf; fhg;Gupik ,d;wpAk; tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,jid ahUk; Nkk;gLj;jyhk;> ahUk; ,ytrkhfg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. ,jdhy; njhopy;El;gk; vspjpy; midtUf;Fk; te;jilfpd;wJ> mjd; gyid ij-khrp

06 xl;Lnkhj;jr;r%fKk; mDgtpf;fyhk;. ,tw;iw ahu; cUthf;Ffpwhu;fs;? ngUk;ghYk; jd;dhu;tyu;fs; xU FOthfr; Nru;e;J cUthf;fpAk;> mij Nkk;gLj;jpAk; tsu;f;fpwhu;fs;. ,tu;fs; tUkhdj;jpw;F vd;d nra;thu;fs;? nghJthf Neub yhgk; ,y;yhtpl;lhYk;> ed;nfhilfs;> Nritf;fl;lzk;> tpsk;guk; Nghd;w topfspy; gydilfpwhu;fs;. fhg;Gupik nfhz;l nkd;nghUl;fspy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s Af;jpfs; ntspg;gilahf ,y;yhjjhYk;> gzk; nfhLj;J thq;fpatu;$l epuy;fis khw;wpaikf;f KbahjjhYk; nfhs;ifabg;gilapy; fl;lw;w nkd;nghUSf;F ngupa MjuT cz;L.

r%f tiyj;jsq;fs; kPjhd mz;ikf;fhykhf tpjpf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; Gjpa fl;Lg;ghLfs; vg;gbahf ,Uf;fpd;wJ ? ,sk; gUtj;jpdu; nry;Nghd;> fzpdp cs;spl;l njhopy;El;g fUtpfis fzprkhf gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdu;. Nghjpa Gupjy; ,y;yhj tajpy; khztu;fs; r%f tiyj;jsq;fis gad;gLj;Jtjhy;> gy;NtW jPikfs; Vw;gLtjhf rkPgj;jpa fUj;J fzpg;Gfs; njuptpf;fpd;wd. rpy ru;tNjr gs;spfs; kw;Wk; jdpahu; gs;spfs; khztu; fSf;F Gjpa fl;Lg;ghLfis tpjpj;Js;sd. tUk; fy;tp Mz;by; ,Ue;J 16 taJf;Fl;gl;l khztu;fs; Ng];Gf;> l;tpl;lu;> thl;]; Mg; cs;spl;l r%f tiyj;jsq;fis gad;gLj;jf;$lhJ. kPwpdhy; khztu;fs; kPJ fLk; eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk; vd mwpTWj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. mj;Jld; gadhsupd; cz;ikj;jd;ikia cWjpg;gLj;jy; Kf;fpakhfg; ghu;f;fg;gLfpwJ. jfty; gupkhw;wq;fs;> egu;fspd; nray;ghLfs; fz;fhzpf;fg;gLfpd;wd r%f tiyj;js Fw;wq;fis jLg;gjw;fhfNt ,e;j KbT vLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

Gyk; ngau; r%fj;jpy; epfo;e;JtUk; tq;fp fld; ml;ilfs; Nkhrbfs; gw;wpa cq;fs; ghu;it vg;gbahf ,Uf;fpd;wJ ? ,e;j tq;fp fld; ml;il Nkhrb mwptpay; uPjpapy; vt;tsT J}uj;Jf;F rhj;jpakhdJ ? ,J mwptpay;> njhopy;El;g uPjpahf rhj;jpakhdJ vd;gJ vd;Dila ghu;it kl;Lky;y. mjdhy; jhd; ,e;j Nfs;tpAk; ,q;Nf ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ vd;gij ehd; mwpNtd;. ,d;iwf;F cyfpd; ve;j mstpw;F tq;fpfspd; eltbf;iffs; kf;fspd; eyd; fUjp fzpdp kakhf;fg;gl;Ls;sNjh me;j mstpw;F mjw;F vjpuhd El;gq;fSk; Njhd;wp ,Uf;fpd;wd. epA+l;ldpd; tpjpg;gb Xu; tpidf;F vjpu; tpid cz;L vd;gJ Nghy;> ,e;j Nkhrbfs; kpf El;gkhf njhopy;El;g mwptpay; G+u;tkhf kpfg; ngupa mstpy; gpd; gyj;NjhL jpl;lkpl;L nray;gLfpd;wd. ,J Nghd;w Nkhrbfis Ma;T nra;J ,ijj; jLg;gjw;Fk;> Fiwg;gjw;Fk; jFe;j eltbf;iffs; vLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. tpQ;Qhdk; vd;gJ fhyj;jpw;Nfw;g ij-khrp

a khw;wj;Jf;FupaJk; kw;Wk; Nkk;gLj;jf;$baJkhFk;. ,ij ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;baJ mtrpak;. ,J rk;ge;jg;gl;l rl;l xOq;F epiyfSk;> jz;lidfSk; fhyj;jpw;Nfw;wg;gb fLikahf;fg;gl Ntz;baJk; fl;lhak;.

KfD}y; Nghuhspfs; gw;wpa cq;fs; kjpg;gPLjhd; vd;d ?

a) KfD}y; ,d;iwa ‘etPd ,isQu;fspd; Kftup. gy; Jyf;fhky; $l ,Uf;f KbAk;> KfD}ypy; fUj;J Nghlhky; ,Uf;f KbAkh vd;w epiy ,g;NghJ. el;gpd; ,yf;fzj;jpw;Fs; Ng];Gf; fzf;F itj;jpUg;gJ xU epge;jidahf khwp tUfpwJ. vdpDk; Ng];Gf;fpy; midj;J czu;r;rpfSk; xU tzpf Nehf;fj;jpw;fhfNt jpul;lg;gLfpd;wd. xU ftpijiaNah ,y;iy glj;ijNah gfpu;e;Njh Gul;rpahsu; Mdtu;fs; Mapuk;Ngu;. ,e;j kha cyfk; cUthf;fpapUf;Fk; czu;r;rp cz;ik cyfj;NjhL cs;s cwit kiwj;J tUfpwJ. Gul;rpiaAk;> fhjiyAk; elg;igAk; $l cukhf Nghl;L r%f tiyg; gpd;diy cUthf;fpapUf;fpwJ Ng];Gf; epWtdk;. ,g;gb xU r%f fUj;Jg; gupkhw;wj; jskhf Ng];Gf; tsu;e;Js;sJ. Ng];Gf; cq;fisAk; cq;fsJ tpUg;gq;fisAk; tpw;gid nra;fpwJ. me;j tpw;gid cz;ikapy; tzpf epWtdq;fspd; nghUl;fis tpw;gid nra;acjTfpwJ. ,Wjpapy; Ng];Gf;fpd; cz;ikahd czu;r;rp ,e;j ruf;F czu;r;rpjhd; vd;why; KfE}y; Gul;rpahsu;fs; xj;Jf;nfhs;thu;fsh? b) vfpg;jpy; ele;j Gul;rpapy; Ng];Gf; Kf;fpa gpur;rhu ClfkhdJ Nghy ,q;Nf mjpfk; Ngu; Nghuhspfs; Nghy; Fuy; nfhLg;ghu;fs;. Mdhy; fhupak; vd;W te;Jtpl;lhy; fhzhky; Ngha;tpLthu;fs;. ahu; tPl;Lg;gpur;rpidf;Nfh Kd;dpd;W Fuy; nfhLf;Fk; ,e;j Nghuhspfs;. nrhe;jg;gpur;rpidapy; Kf;fhy;thrpg;Ngu; kTdk;jhd; fhf;fpd;wdu;. Kd;gpd; njupahjtu;fsplk; rz;il NghLtJ vd;gJ ,tu;fSf;F xU nghOJ Nghf;F. rup ahUf;fhf rz;il NghLfpwhu;fs; vd;W ghu;j;jhy; mNdfk;Ngu; ,tu;fs; rhu;e;j fl;rpf;fhfTk;> fl;rp jiytu;fSf;fhfTk; rz;il NghLthu;fs;. gadw;w ,e;j rz;ilapd; tpisT VNjDk; ey;yJ elf;Fkh? mJTk; fpilahJ. c) ,tu;fs; Kaw;rpg;gJ vy;yhk; vg;gbahtJ ehKk; KfD}ypy; xU gpugyk; vd;W Mf Ntz;Lk; vd;gJjhd;. Kaw;rpj;jhy; vj;jidNah rPu;jpUj;jq;fis ,jpy; cs;s gpugyq;fs; nfhz;L tuyhk;. Mdhy; nghOJ Nghf;Ff;fhf Muk;gpf;fg;gl;l xU tiyjsk; ,d;W ntWk; rhf;fil Nghy; Mfptpl;lJ xU rpyuhy;.

tsu;e;Jtpl;l fzdpAfj;jpy; jkpio nghWj;jtiuapy; vOj;Jg;gpiofs; mjpfkhf fhzg;gLfpd;wd ,itfSf;F fzdpapaypy; jPu;Tf;fhd rhj;jpaq;fs; cz;lh? jkpopdk; kw;w ru;tNjr ,dq;fSld; xg;gLifapy;

KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

jkpopy; jhd; gpiofSld; E}y;fs; ntsptUfpd;wJ vd;w Fw;wr;rhl;ilg; nghJthf itf;fhky;> midj;J nkhopfspYNk ,e;j jtW ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;gjhf vLj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. gbj;jtu;fs;; ghu;j;jijAk; epidj;jijAk; vOj;jpNy tbf;Fk; Mw;wy; ngw;wtu;fs;. mtu; jk; vOj;jpy; gpiofs; ,Uf;fyhkh?

a) ,q;F jkpo; nkd;nghUSf;F Ma;T nra;aNt Ml;fs; FiwT. NkYk; cUthFk; nkd;nghUisAk; thq;fp Mjupf;Fk; nghJg;Nghf;F vk;ktu; kj;jpapy; ,y;iy. nkd;nghUSf;fhd ed;nfhilfs; Fwpg;gpLksT ,y;iy. mjpfkhf ,ytrq;fSf;Fg; gof;fg;gl;l vk;kf;fs; Nritf; fl;lzj;ij tpUk;Gtjpy;iy. rpwpa rKjhak; vd;gjhy; Ma;TfSf;fhd nryT tpfpjk; mjpfk;. “jkpio itj;J fhR ghu;f;fpwhu;fs;” vd;w nghJr;rpe;jidahy; jkpo; nkd;nghUSf;F tzpfr;re;ij mope;JtUfpwJ. b) ,d;W jkpo;g;gpio jpUj;jpfisj; NjlNtz;ba fhykpJ. ,izaj; jkpopy; re;jpg;gpiofs;> thf;fpag;gpiofs;> vOj;Jg;gpiofs;> kuGg;gpiofs; cl;gl gythdit kype;J fhzf;fpilf;fpwJ. rpwpatu;> ngupatu;> Gjpatu;> gpugykhdtu; vd vq;Fk; gpiofisf; fhzyhk;. rpwe;j vOj;jhsu;fspd; vOj;jpNyNa gpiofisf;fhzyhk;. mit mg;gilg;igj; jpUj;jpa Mrpupaupd; ftdf;FiwthfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. jkpo;j; jsq;fspd;> jkpo;g;gadu;fspd;> jkpo; thrfu;fspd; gutYf;Nfw;g jkpo; jpUj;jpfs;(Editor) Gof;fj;jpy; mjpfkpy;iy. c) Mq;fpy E}y;fspy; gpiofs; kpf mupjhfNt fhzg;gLk;. Mdhy; jkpo; E}y;fspy; gpiofs; kpFjp. Kd;G E}ypd; gpiofis 'gpio jpUj;jk;' vd;Dk; jiyg;gpy; ntspapl;ldu;. ,g;NghJ mt;thW nra;tjpy;iy. fhuzq;fs; ,uz;L. 1. gpiofisj; njhFj;J ntspapl;lhy; gpio jpUj;jNk E}ypd; gy gf;fq;fis epiwj;JtpLk;; 2. E}yhrpupau;f;F cz;ikahf jk; E}ypy; vd;d gpiofs; cs;sd vd;gNj njupahJ. jkpiog; gpioapd;wp vOjj;njupahjtnuy;yhk; vOj;jhsuhfTk; E}yhrpupauhfTk; ,Uf;Fk; ,opepiy vk; jkpo;r;r%fj;jpy; cs;sJ. ,J jkpOf;F kl;Lky;yhky; cyfpd; midj;J nkhopfspYk; ,e;j R+o; epiyiaf; fhzyhk;. vdNt jkpopy; jhd; gpiofSld; E}y;fs; ntsptUfpd;wJ vd;w Fw;wr;rhl;ilg; nghJthf itf;fhky;> midj;J nkhopfspYNk ,e;j jtW ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;gjhf vLj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. xU E}yhrpupau; jdJ vOj;ijAk;> mjpy; cs;s rpe;jidAk; ntsptu vLf;Fk; Kaw;rpapy; nkhopAk;> nkhopapy; cs;s ,yf;fzg; gpioAk;> rpy rkak; vOj;Jg; gpioiaAk; ngupjhf vLj;Jf; nfhs;tjpy;iy. NkYk; ,J mupjhf fhzg;gLk; xU tp\aNk. vdNt> jpiug;glq;fSf;F

KfL

jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

nrd;rhu; vd;w mikg;G ,Ug;gJNghy vOj;Jf;Fk; xU FO mikj;J> xU E}y; ntsptUk; Kd;G mij E}yhrpupau; FOkj;Jf;F mDg;gp mtu;fis fye;jhNyhrpj;J gpd;du; ntsp te;jhy; ,e;j R+o; epiy khwyhk;. d) r%fk; Nkk;gl khw;Wr;rpe;jid kpfTk; Kf;fpak;. mJTk; fy;tpapy;> fzdpAfj;jpy;> nray;-top fw;wy; kw;Wk; GJr;rpe;jid ,y;yhky; ve;j khw;wKk; rhj;jpak; ,y;iy. RanjhopYk;> fy;tpf;fhd khw;wKk; ,d;iwa mtrpak;. Mdhy; ,it ,d;W ve;j jsj;jpYk; mjpfk; Ngrg;glhj xd;whfNt cs;sJ. jkpopy; Njhd;Wk; xU gpio> clypy; xU mOf;F! mOf;fpy; cly; mope;J NghFk;. mjdhy; gpioapy;yhky; jkpo; thof; fhg;gJ vk; flik. gpioNahL vOJtJ nkhopf;Fj; jPq;F; gpio ePf;fp vOJtJ nkhopj; jpwDf;F mwpFwp. vdNt gpiofisAk; mtw;iwf; fise;njwpAk; KiwfisAk; ehk; fhzNtz;Lk;. mjw;fhd jpl;lq;fs; tFf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. nray;gLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. kpf ePz;l Kf;fpa gzp ,J ,d;iwa jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;Jiwapy; ,yf;fpag;gpugyq;fs; ru;r;irfis cUthf;FtJ kype;J fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,j;jifa Nghf;Ffis ePq;fs; vt;thW ghu;f;fpd;wPu;fs; ? gpugyq;fs; vd;whNy ru;r;irapy; rpf;fhjtu;fs; ahUk; ,y;iy. me;j tifapy; rpyu; ru;r;irf;fhfNt ,yf;fpaj;Jiwf;F te;jtu;fs;> gpugykhdtu;fs; vd $wyhk;. ,tu;fs; mbg;gilapy; Ra tpsk;gug; gpupau;fs;. midj;JNk r%f mstpy; rpy thu;j;ijfis cjpu;j;J nfhQ;rk; ru;r;irfis cUthf;ff; $bau;fs;. mtu;fs; Ngrg;gl Ntz;Lk;!! ,Jjhd; mtu;fs; Nehf;fk;. ,JTk; xUtpj tpahghuj;je;jpuk; jhd;. kw;wtu;f;F Kd;Ndhbahf ,Uf;f Ntz;ba ,tu;fs; jq;fs; ,Uf;Fk; me;j];J kw;Wk; nghWg;Gfs; czu;e;J thu;j;ijfis gf;Ftkhf ifahSthu;fs; vd ek;GNthk;.

Gyk; ngau;ehLfspy; ,Ue;J nfhz;L rfy fyr;rhu tpOkpaq;fisAk; mDgtpj;Jf;nfhz;L> Nghupdhy; ghjpg;gile;J mjpypUe;J kPz;L tUfpd;w rdq;fisg; ghu;j;J "jhafj;jpy; fyhr;rhuk; rPuope;J tpl;lJ" vd;W myWgtu;fs; gw;wpa cq;fs; kjpg;gPLjhd; vd;d ? nkhop fyhr;rhuk; ,it ,uz;Lk; ek; fz;fs;> ehk; ve;j msT ,tw;iw Nghw;WfpNwhNkh me;j mstpw;F ekJ ,dj;jpd; ngUik cyFs;stiu giwrhw;Wk;. khw;wk; khw;wk; vd;W nrhy;yp> khWjYf;F cs;shd ,dkhfTk; fhyj;jpd; ehfuPfj;jpd; <u;g;ghYk; khWgl;l milahsq;fis nfhz;Lk; ,d;W vkJ Njrk; rPuope;J epw;fpd;wJ vd;gJ cz;ikjhd;. rhjidfs; gilj;Jk; epu;thfj;jpy; MSik nfhz;l Mw;wy; kpf;f ngz;fs; ,d;W gy Mgj;jhd tho;f;iff;F js;sg;gl;Lk;> ghypay;> mr;RWj;jy;fs;> vd gy Nfhujhz;ltk; Mlj;njhlq;fpAs;s epiyapy; Ra ghJfhg;gw;Wk; epw;fjpahf epw;fpd;whu;fs;. Fbg;gJk;> Mlk;gu tho;Tf;Fk; mjpfkhf gzj;ij thup ,iwf;fpd;whu;fs;. mJkl;Lk; ,y;iy> aho;khtl;lj;jpy; ij-khrp

08 kl;Lk; 600.000 yl;rk; yPw;wu; kJghdk; tpf;fg;gLtjhfTk; ,yq;if khtl;lj;jpy; Kd;dpiyf;F te;Js;sJ. 2009 Mz;Lf;Fg;gpd;du;jhd; ,e;j epiyik. ,tu;fSf;F gzk; ntspehl;by; cs;s ,tu;fsJ cwtpdu;fs; jhd; mDg;Gfpd;wdu;fs;. mJkl;Lk; ,y;yhky; ntspehl;by; ,Ue;J jhafj;Jf;F te;J mq;Fs;s ,sRfSf;Fk; Fbtiffis tpjk; tpjkhf thq;fp nfhLj;J jhKk; taJ tpj;jpahrk; ,y;yhky; Fbf;fpd;whu;fs;> Giff;fpwhu;fs;> nfhiy nfhs;is fyhr;rhuj;Js; %o;fpj;jpiof;fpwhu;fs; Gyk;ngau; Njrj;jpy; ,Ue;J tUk; mwpT rhypfs;. Gyk;ngau; r%fj;jpw;Fk; ,e;j rPuoTfspy;

thrfUf;F-xUgilg;ghspxd;wpuz;Ley;ygilg;Gf;fisj; je;jhy; $l mtu; ftdpf;ff;$batu; vd;Wjhd; vkJ <oj;J kuGk; tho;Tk; fw;Wj;je;jpUf;fpd;wJ. gq;Fz;L. ,tu;fis ,dk; fz;L vkJ ,dj;jpd; fyr;rhu tpOkpaq;fis> mUik ngUikfis fhg;ghw;w Ntz;ba flik> tpopg;Gzu;it Vw;gLj;j Ntz;ba Njit midtUf;Fk; cs;sJ. fhyj;jpd; NjitAk; ,JNt.

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KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

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jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

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,g;gbahd rpf;fy;fis jkpo;r%fk; vt;thW ij-khrp

vjpu;nfhs;sNtz;Lk; vd;W vz;Zfpd;wPu;fs; ? ePz;lfhy jpl;lj;jpy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gl Ntz;ba tplak;. gpufldq;fSk;; ntw;Wj;je;jpuq;fSk;> czu;r;rptag;gl;l Ngr;Rf;fSk; fhyj;Jf;F xt;thj mwpf;iffSk; ,d;iwa epiyapypUe;J vkJ ,Ug;ig kPl;nlLf;fhJ. ,t;thwhd ePz;lfhy jpl;lj;jpw;F Njitahd mbg;gilfis ehq;fs; ,g;NghJ mj;jpthukhf ,Ljy; Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;fhd %ykhd jug;gha; ,Ug;gtu;fs; jhafj;jpy; thOk; kf;fs;.

Ks;sptha;f;fhiy ntw;wp nfhs;s fUzhTk;> gps;isahDk; kl;Lky;y lf;fpsRk;> rq;fupAk;> rk;ge;jDk; fUzhepjpAk; ,d;Dk; ,d;Dk; gyUk; Jiz epd;whu;fs; vd;gjpy; ehk; njspthf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. Gyk;ngau;e;j jkpo; r%fk; jhafj;jpy; thOk; kf;fis gyg;gLj;Jk; mLj;j tl;lk; vd;Nw ehd; fzpg;gpLfpd;Nwd;. ,e;j mbg;gilapy;> KjyhtJ> jhafj;jpy; thOk; kf;fspd; cldbg;gpur;ridfis Gwf;fzpf;fhJ> czu;e;J nraw;gly; Ntz;Lk;. ,uz;lhtJ> rpiwg;gl;Lf; fplf;Fk; ifjpfis ghJfhj;J mtu;fis ntspapy; vLj;JtpLk; gzpfSf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. %d;whtJ> jhafj;jpy; nraw;gLk; murpay; rf;jpfspilNa xUq;fpizg;gpidAk;> nghJ Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpidAk; Vw;gLj;jp vjpu;fhyk; njhlu;ghd ePz;lfhyg; ghu;it nfhz;l Nghuhl;lg; ghijia tFf;f Ntz;Lk;. ehd; murpay; Nghuhl;lj;jpidj;jhd; Kd;itf;fpd;Nwd;.

cq;fs; ePz;lfhy Gyk;ngau; tho;tpy; ,Ue;J> Gyk;ngau;e;jpUf;fpd;w jkpou;fsJ r%f xw;Wik gw;wpa cq;fs; ghu;itahdJ vg;gbahf ,Uf;fpd;wJ ? ,g;NghJ rpwpJ fhykhf vk;ktu;fs; cr;rupf;Fk; thu;j;ij JNuhfp vd;gJ..! vk;kpdj;Jf;F Mw;w Ntz;ba gq;fspg;ig nra;aj; Jzpe;jtu;fshf Gyk;ngau;e;jtu;fs; njupatpy;iy. Gj;jprhypj;jdkhf NgRtjhfr; nrhy;ypf; nfhz;L JNuhfq;fisAk; JNuhfpfisAk; Gdpju;fshf;Fk; nray;fis jhd; ,tu;fs; Nkw;nfhs;Sfpwhu;fs;. rpq;fs muR md;Wk; ,d;Wk; vd;Wk; jkpou;fis Fwpg;ghf tpLjiy cupik Ntz;b epw;Fk; jkpou;fis gaq;futhjpfshf ,dq;fhz;gjpy; ,Ue;J khWglNt ,y;iy. mtu;fs; mjpy; cWjpahf epd;W ,Wjpapy; cyFf;Fk; vk;ik gaq;futhjpfshf rpj;jupj;J vk;ikf; nfhz;Nl vk;ik mopj;Jk; tpl;bUf;fpwhu;fs;. Mdhy; ehk; vjpupf;Fk; JNuhfpf;Fk; ez;gDf;Fk; tpj;jpahrk; njupahky; vy;NyhiuAk; xNu msT Nfhyhy; mstpl;L ,jaj;jhy; ,ize;J ,zf;f murpay; nra;Nthk; vdf; $wp xNu $lhuj;jpy; Fe;j itj;J ge;jp gupkhwpd; cupikAk; Rje;jpuKk; fpilj;JtpLk; vd;Wk; glk;fhl;l Muk;gpj;Js;Nshk;.

KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

11 xd;iwg; Gupe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;.! gr;Nrhe;jpfisAk;> JNuhfpfisAk;> tpiyNghdtu;fisAk;> kjpy; Nky; G+idfisAk; rupahf ,dq;fhzhj Ntisfspy; vy;yhk; ehk; gytPdg;gl;bUf;fpwNk jtpu ehk; xw;Wikg;gLj;jp nty;y KbAk; vd;w Kaw;rpfspy; Njhw;wNj mjpfk;. mg;gb ,Uf;f> fhyk; fhykhf ghlg;gLk; gy;ytpfs;> Nju;jy; fhy Nfhrq;fs;> Ks;sptha;f;fhypd; gpd; vkf;F mtrpak; ,y;iy. Ks;sptha;f;fhiy ntw;wp nfhs;s fUzhTk;> gps;isahDk; kl;Lky;y lf;fpsRk;> rq;fupAk;> rk;ge;jDk; fUzhepjpAk; ,d;Dk; ,d;Dk; gyUk; Jiz epd;whu;fs; vd;gjpy; ehk; njspthf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,d;W $l xt;nthU jkpo; murpay;tjpAk; jd; murpay; tpahghuj;ij vg;gb elj;JtJ vd;W ftdpf;fpwhNd jtpu jd; ,dk;> cupik> tpLjiy gw;wp vtDk; tha; jpwf;f jahupy;iy! ,tu;fis vy;yhk; xw;Wikg;gLj;jp ePq;fs; mtu;fis jkpopdj;jpd; jtg;Gjy;tu;fshf;fyhk; vd;W fdT fhz;fpwPu;fs;. mJ epr;rak; elf;fg; Nghtjpy;iy. Vnddpy; vkf;F jhd; vjpupf;Fk; JNuhfpf;Fk; tpj;jpahrk; njupahJ! Mdhy; vjpupfSk; JNuhfpfSk; gr;Nrhe;jpfSk; jkJ epiyfspy; njspthfNt ,Uf;fpwhu;fs;. xU ,dj;Jf;F cWjpNahL Nrit nra;a Kbahjtu;fis me;j ,dj;jpd; gpjhkfu;fshf fhl;l KidAk; fUj;Jf;fisNa ehd; td;ikahf ntWf;fpNwd;. ,J fw;gidapy; ngUik tsu;j;Jj; jpupAk; vkJ ,dj;Jf;F ,d;Dk; ,d;Dk; Mgj;Jf;fisNa nfhz;L te;J Nru;f;Fk;. ,ij njspthf czu;e;J mtutUf;F me;je;j tbtpy; ehk; jpl;lk; tFj;J nraw;gl;lhy; md;wp vk;kpdj;ij ahuhYk; fhg;ghw;w KbahJ. Ks;sptha;f;fhy; vd;fpd;w Ngutyj;jpid je;j rf;jpfs; mjd; mLj;j fl;lkhf Gyj;Jj; jkpou;fis mLj;j Ks;sptha;f;fhy; epiyf;Ff; nfhz;L te;Js;shu;fs;. Gyj;jpy; thOk; jkpo;kf;fs; jkJ gq;fspg;Gf;fis epiwa toq;fpatu;fs;. epiwe;j fdTfisf; nfhz;bUe;jtu;fs;. Nk18 tiuahd ,og;Gf;fshy; my;yJ Njhy;tpfshy; Jtz;L> tpuf;jpAw;W Nrhu;e;J NghAs;sdu;. mtu;fis ,d;dKk; Jd;gg;gLj;Jk; tpjj;jpy; ,izaq;fs;> Clfq;fs; vd;fpd;w ngaupy; kf;fs; tpNuhj> rf;jpfs; elj;Jk; kNdhtpaw;Nghupid ,e;j Ks;sptha;f;fhy; ,uz;bw;fhd %y je;jpukhf ehd; ghu;f;fpd;Nwd;.

Mdhy; rkPgfhykhf GjpJ Gjpjhfg; gy mjpubg; G+jq;fs; fpsk;gpapUf;fpd;wdNt ? ,e;jg;G+jq;fs; Ks;sptha;f;fhYf;F Kd;dNk Gynkq;Fk; te;Njh/Njhd;wpNah tpl;ld. ehk; epj;jpiuapy; ,Ue;J tpl;Nlhk;!!! jq;fSf;Fs; vd;W xU tl;lj;ij Nghl;L xU ghupa moptpw;Fg;gpd;dUk; nraw;ghLfs; vy;yhtw;wpYk; ntspg;gilj;jdikia filg;gpbf;f jtwpa re;ju;g;gj;ij ghtpj;J ,g;G+jq;fs; fpsg;gg;gl;L ,Uf;fpd;wJ!

rpdpkh jahupg;G Jiwapy; ,Uf;fpd;w ePq;fs; <oj;jpy; cUthf;fp tUfpd;w FWfpa / neLk;

KfL

jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

jpiug;glq;fis vt;thW Nehf;Ffpd;wPu;fs; ? ,yq;ifiag; nghWj;j tiuapy; FWfpa kw;Wk; neLk; jpiug;glq;fs; gilf;fg;gl;bUe;jhYk; tzpf jpiug;glq;fSf;fhf ehk; ,d;Dk; jkpo; ehl;ilAk;> ghypTl;ilANk ek;gpf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk;. ,yq;if jpiug;glj;Jiw vd;gJ tzpf uPjpapy; jdpj;Jtk; ,y;yhjjhfNt ,Uf;fpwJ. ,yq;if jpiug;glj;Jiw gy jpwikahsu;fisAk;> gilg;ghspfisAk; nfhz;bUe;jhYk;> xU rupahd ,af;fg; ghij kl;Lk;> tzpf uPjpahd mq;fPfhuk; vd;gJ fpilf;fhky; xU FWfpa tl;lj;Jf;Fs; milgl;Lf;nfhz;Ls;sJ. tzpf uPjpahd mq;fPfhuKk;> mjw;F cz;lhd tUkhdKNk ve;jnthU tp\aj;ijAk; mLj;j fl;lj;Jf;F vLj;Jr; nry;y $ba xd;whFk;. ,jdhy; tsu;r;rp ghjpg;gile;J Nkw;nfhz;L gilg;Gfisj; njhlu ,ayhky;NghfpwJ. ,d;iwa R+oypd; ,e;j ghijia rupahd jpiria Nehf;fp nrYj;JtNj ekJ Nehf;fkhFk;. me;jg; nghWg;ig ehk;jhd; ifapy; vLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;Fz;lhd mbg;gilAk; rpy trjpfSk; ekf;Fj; Njitaha; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. mjw;Fz;lhd rpy jpl;lq;fis ehd; vdJ jpiug;glj;Jiw rhu;e;j ez;gu;fSld; Nru;e;J tFj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpNwd;. rupahd fhyKk; NeuKk; if$b tUk;NghJ vdJ flik xU tpijahf ,Ue;J gpd;tUk; gilg;ghspfSf;F xU ntw;wpg;ghijahf cUthf vkJ ,af;fj;jpYk;> Nkw;ghu;itapYk; tzpf uPjpahd mq;fPfhuj;Jld; ,yq;ifj; jpiug;glj;Jiwia mLj;j fl;lj;Jf;F vLj;Jr; nry;yNt.

jkpo; jpiug;glj;Jiwapy; jahupg;ghsuhf ,Ue;jpUf;fpd;wPu;fs;. mg;gb ,Uf;f Ntz;ba NjitAk; mjpy; Vw;gl;l mDgtq;fSk; vg;gbahf ,Ue;jd ? cq;fsJ Ke;ija Nfs;tpf;fhd vdJ gjpypd; mbg;gil jhd; ,e;j Nfs;tpf;Fk; tpil. ,yq;ifapy; jpiug;glj;Jiwia tzpf uPjpahfTk; fyhrhu tsu;r;rpiaAk; tsu;f;f jpl;lkpLs;sjhf vdJ Ke;ija gjpypy; njuptpj;jpUe;Njd;. mjw;F vdf;F rpy gapw;rpAk; mbg;gil tpsf;fq;fSk; Njitg;gl;ld. mjd;fhuzkhf ehNd rpy jpiug;glq;fis> FWk;glq;fis jahupj;jpUf;fpNwd;. ,af;Fdu; ghujpuh[h> ,af;Fdu; kNfe;jpud;> ,af;Fdu; rPkhd;> cjtp ,af;Fdu; m]hde;> ,af;Fdu; C.ghyr;re;ju; jhahupg;ghsu; rhap kPuh> ebfu; R+upah> ebfu; fiyaurd;> ,af;Fdu; kQ;R gh];fu; MfpNahupdJ el;Gk; vd;id tsu;j;jpUf;fpwJ. mtu;fs; jk; mDgtk; vdf;F ,d;Dk; gaDs;sjhf ,Ue;jJ. ehd; jahupj;jpUe;j fhy fl;lj;jpy; jkpo; rpdpkh xU Kf;fpakhd njhopy; El;g khWjiy Nehf;fp nrd;W nfhz;bUe;jJ. b[ply; (Digital) Kiw mwpKfkhdJ. mjdhy; jpiuapy; fhz;gpf;fg;gLk; xyp> xsp Kiwfs;> kw;Wk; Ngh];l; g;nuhlf;\d; (Post Production) Kiwfspy; njhopy;El;g Kd;Ndw;wk;> ,itfspdhy; jpiug;glk; jahupg;G ij-khrp

12 nrytpy; nghUl;nryit Vuhskhf Fiwg;G vd;gNj ehd; fz;l mDgtq;fspy; rpy. kw;Wk; jpiug;glj;Jiwapy; jpiug;gl jahupg;G kl;Lky;yhky; kw;Wk; gy Jiwfs; cs;sd vd;gJk; ehd; fz;l mDgtj;jpy; rpy. fle;j rpy tUlq;fshf mjw;Fk; ehd; nra;jp Nrfupj;Njd;. jpiug;glj;Jiwapd; vy;yh mk;rq;fisAk; cs;slf;fp vy;yhtw;iwAk; xUq;fpize;j xU gd;dhl;L $l;L epWtdk; xd;iw> jkpofj;ij mbg;gilahf nfhz;L cyf ehLfs; midj;jpYk; nray;gLk; tpjkhf N[u;kd; njhopy; El;gj;Jld; cUthf;Fk; mbg;gil Maj;jq;fis ehd; jw;NghJ Nkw;nfhz;Ls;Nsd;. mjw;fhd mwptpg;Gfs; tpiutpy; ntsptUk;. rPf;fpuk; ,Jgw;wp epr;rak; ,d;DNkhu; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; tpgukhf ehk; fye;jhNyhrpf;fyhk; vd vz;ZfpNwd;.

ru;tNjr uPjpahf fly;ePiu ed;dPuhf;Fk; nghwpKiwapy; cq;fs; gq;fspg;G vg;gbahf ,Ue;jJ ? ,d;iwf;F ru;tNjr cyfk; re;jpj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; kpf Kf;fpakhd gpur;ridfSs; kpf Kf;fpakhf ,Ug;gJ Rfhjhukhd Fb ePu; toq;Fk; jpl;lk; jhd;. %d;whk; cyfg;NghNu FbePiu mbg;gilahf itj;Jj;jhd; cUthFk; vd;W nrhy;fpd;w mstpw;F ,d;iwf;F Fb ePu; xU ngupa gpur;ridahf> rthyhf ek;Kd;Nd cs;sJ. ,aw;if rPw;wj;jpd; fhuzkhfTk; gUtkio ngha;j;jjpd; fhuzkhfTk; kw;Wk; epyj;jb ePu; gy;NtW gad;ghLfSf;fhf cwpQ;rg;gLtJk; FbePu; gQ;rk; Vw;gl xU Kf;fpa fhuzkhf mikfpd;wJ. ,e;j R+oypy; jhd; fly; ePiu ed;dPuhf;Fk; nghwpKiw Kd;dpiyg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. cyfpd; nkhj;j epyg;gug;gpy; %d;W gq;fhf ,Uf;ff;$ba fly;ePiu gad;gLj;jp FbePuhf Njitg;gLk; mstpw;F vLj;Jf; nfhs;tjpd; %ykhf Fb ePu; gw;whf;Fiw epr;rakhfj; jPUk;. ,d;iwf;F cyfpy; FbePu; vLg;gjw;F topapy;yhj gy;NtW tisFlh ehLfspy; ,e;j jpl;lk; ,d;Wk; ntw;wpfukhf nray;gl;L tUfpwJ. NkYk; Nkw;fj;jpa> Mg;gpupf;f ehLfs; gyTk; ,g;NghJ ,e;j Kiwia gpd;gw;w njhlq;fpAs;sd. Mrpa ehLfSk; Kaw;rpapy; ,wq;fp ,e;j jpl;lj;ij nray;gLj;Jk; tpjkhf Kd;Ndhf;fp nrd;Wnfhz;Ls;sd. ,aw;ifapd; tug;gpurhjkhf ,Uf;ff;$ba flypd; ,aw;ifj;jd;ik rw;Wk; khRglhky; ,e;j jpl;lj;ij nray;gLj;JtJ Xu; fl;lha tpjpahFk;. me;j mbg;gilapy; gy;NtW tpjkhd tpQ;Qhd G+u;t fz;L gpbg;G Kiwfs; ,d;iwf;F te;J tpl;ld. ,it flypd; jd;ikiaAk; kdpj clypd; jd;ikiaAk; vt;tifapYk; ghjpf;fhky; rpwe;j ed;dPiu ,e;j cyfpw;F nfhLf;f KbAk;. ,e;j El;gq;fis gad;gLj;jp ,e;j jpl;lj;ij nray;gLj;jpa gy;NtW ehLfspy; MNyhrid mikg;gpy; ehd; gq;F nfhz;L nrayhw;wpaJ vdf;F fpilj;j ngUikahfNt ehd; fUJfpd;Nwd;. kpf Kf;fpakhf fhdh> ypgpah> JNdrpah> vfpg;J> R+lhd;> Jgha; Mfpa ehLfspy; N[u;kd; kw;Wk; ,];Nuy; njhopy;El;gj;ij ij-khrp

a gad;gLj;jp ,j;jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;jpa mDgtk; epiwa cz;L. ,jpy; vdf;F Vw;gl;l mDgtk; ,e;j Jiwiag; gw;wp KOikahf njupe;J nfhs;sTk;> vjpu;fhy re;jjpf;F Rj;jkhf Rfhjhukhd ed;dPiu fly; ePupypUe;J khw;wpf; nfhLf;f KbAk; vd;w njspit Vw;gLj;jpapUf;fpwJ.

<oj;jpNy fly; ePiu ed;dPuhf;Fk; nghwpKiwahdJ cq;fs; ghu;itapNy vg;gbahf ,Uf;fpd;wJ ? mbg;gil Ma;Tfs; elj;jg;ngw;W rpwe;j njhopy; El;gq;fs; gad;gLj;jg;glhky; ,Ug;gJ Ntjidahf ,Uf;fpwJ. ,d;Dk; epiwa mbg;gil fl;likg;Gfs;> Ma;T epiyfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. juKk;> RfhjhuKk; 100 rjtPjk; cWjpg; gLj;jg; glNtz;Lk;. tlkhfhzj;jpYs;s rpy murpay;thjpfs; tzpf uPjpahd rpe;jidfis js;sp itj;Jtpl;L kf;fspd; tho;thjhuj;ij ikakhff; nfhz;L ,e;jj;jpl;lq;fs; nray;gLj;jNtz;Lk; vd;gNj vdJ tpUg;gk;. xU r%f nghUshjhu Nkk;ghl;bid vl;Ltjw;F mbg;gilapy; rpwe;j kUj;JtKk; Rfhjhukhd ePUk; cWjp nra;ag;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;. ,ij Ml;rpahsu;fSk;> r%f mikg;GfSk; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;tJ rpwe;jJ.

fly; ePiu ed;dPuhf;Fk; nghwpKiwahy; flypy; ,Uf;fpd;w cg;gpd; tpfpjq;fs; khWjy; miltjhy; fly;tho; capupdq;fs; mope;JtpLfpd;w epiy Vw;gLk; vd;w fLikahd Fw;wr;rhl;L tlkhuhl;rp fpof;F kPdtu;fshy; itf;fg;gl;lJ Fwpj;J vd;d nrhy;fpd;wPu;fs; ? cg;gpd; tpfpjq;fs; khWjy; vd;gJ xU Kl;lhs;jdkhd fUj;J. ehd; NkNy nrhd;d fUj;Jf;fspy; ,e;jf; Nfs;tpf;fhd tpil kiwe;jpUg;gij ePq;fs; czuyhk;. ,q;Nf itf;fg;gLfpw Fw;wr;rhl;L cz;ikahf ,Uf;Fk; gl;rj;jpy; r%f nghWg;Gzu;NthL mij rk;ge;jg;gl;ltu;fs; mZFjy; Ntz;Lk;. ehd; Vw;nfdNt Fwpg;gpl;lJ Nghy tpQ;Qhd G+u;tkhd mbg;gilapy; Ma;Tfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L fly;ePu; khRglhj njhopy;El;gk; fz;nlLf;fg;gl;L me;jg; gpuNjrj;jpy; Rw;Wg;Gw R+oy; vt;tifapYk; ghjpf;fg;glhky; cWjp nra;ag;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;. ehd; Fwpg;gpl;lJ Nghy kdrhl;rpNahL r%f eyd; fye;j mf;fiwNahL vt;tpjkhd Rayhgj;jpw;Fk; Mirg;glhky; cfe;j njhopy; El;gj;ij nray; gLj;Jtjhy; ,J Nghd;w gpur;rid vo tha;g;gpy;iy. fly;ePupy; ,Ue;J ed;dPu;> kdpj,dk; Muk;gj;jpypUe;J eilKiwapy; ,Uf;Fk; Kiw. jw;NghJ tpQ;Qhdk; kw;Wk; njhopy; El;gk; tsu;e;Jtpl;lJ. nrwpT $ba cg;GePiu jpUk;g flYf;Fs; fyf;f Ntz;ba mtrpak; ,y;iy> mjpypUe;J ehk; ed;dPu; khj;jpuky;y cg;igAk; kpd;rhuj;ijAk; ngwf;$ba msTf;F njhopy;El;gk; tsu;e;Jtpl;lJ.

KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

aho; Flh ehl;by; kl;Lky;yhJ ,yq;ifapy; tptrha eltbf;iffis mjpfkhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; gy;NtW gpuNjrq;fspYk; cs;s epyj;jb ePu; iew;Nww;wpdhy; khRgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sik gy Ma;Tfspd; %yk; ep&gzkhfpAs;sJ. vdNt cldbahf rk;ge;jg;gl;ltu;fs; kW Ma;Tfs; nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;. Njitahd eltbf;iffs; vLf;fg;gl;L cWjp nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.

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<oj;jpd; tlGykhd aho;g;ghz khtl;lk; mz;ikf;fhykhf Gw;WNeha; kuzq;fspy; Kjyplk; ngw;Ws;sij mtjhdpf;f Kbfpd;wJ .,jw;F VJthd fhuzpfs;jhd; vd;d ? ,d;W aho; Flhehl;ilg; nghWj;jtiu mjpfupj;J tUk; kf;fs; rdj;njhifahy; epyj;jb ePUf;Fg; gw;whf;Fiw Vw;gl;Ls;s epiyapy; epyj;jb ePupd; khrhf;fk; ngupa gpur;rpidahf cUntLj;Js;sJ. Rd;dhfk; gFjpapy; cs;s epyj;jb ePupy; fopT vz;nza; fye;J ,Ug;gJ vy;NyhUk; mwpe;j tplak;. Mdhy; mij tpl aho; khtl;lk; KOtJk; cs;s epyj;jb ePiu khRgLj;jpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,d;ndhU khrhf;fp iew;Nww; vdg;gLk; Xu; ,urhadg; gjhu;j;jk;. aho; Flh ehl;by; kl;Lky;yhJ ,yq;ifapy; tptrha eltbf;iffis mjpfkhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; gy;NtW gpuNjrq;fspYk; cs;s epyj;jb ePu; iew;Nww;wpdhy; khRgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sik gy Ma;Tfspd; %yk; ep&gzkhfpAs;sJ. ,e;j iew;Nww; khrhf;fj;jpd; gpujhd fhuzkhf tptrha eltbf;iffs; tpsq;Ffpd;wd. tptrhaj;jpd; NghJ gad;gLj;jg;gLk; Nrjd> mNrjd grisfs;> G+r;rpf; nfhy;ypfs; kw;Wk; fisehrpdpfNs iew;Nww;wpd; gpujhd %yfq;fshFk;.

KfL

jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

tptrhapfshy; kpf mjpfstpy; Nrjd mNrjdg; grisfs; gad;gLj;jg;gLtJld; mz;ikf; fhykhf G+r;rp nfhy;ypfs; kw;Wk; fis ehrpdpfspd; ghtidAk; mjpfupj;Js;sJ. ,jdhy; kpf mjpfsthd iew;Nww; kz;ZlDk; fpzw;W ePUlDk; fyf;fg;gLfpwJ. tptrhapfshy; ,lg;gLk; Nrjd mNrjdg; grisfspy; xU gFjp kl;LNk gapu;fspdhy; mfj;JWQ;rg;gLfpwJ. Vidait kz;Zld; Nru;e;J kz;zpD}lhf epyj;jb ePiur; nrd;wilfpd;wJ. aho;g;ghzj;jpy; tptrhaj;Jf;fhf epyj;jb ePNu gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. epyj;jb ePNuhdJ ePu;g;gk;gpfs; %yk; gapu;fSf;Fj; Njitg;gLk; ePiu tpl kpf mjpfstpyhd ePu; ,iwf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,jdhy; epyj;jb ePu; tPzhf;fg;gLtJld; ,e;j ePupD}lhf iew;Nww;Wf;fs; fiue;J epyj;jb ePiur; nrd;wiltjw;Fk; tha;g;G Vw;gLfpd;wJ. iew;Nww; khrhf;fj;jpd; kw;WnkhU Kf;fpa fhuzpahf Nrjdg; grisfisj; Njf;fp itf;Fk; ,lq;fs; tpsq;Ffpd;wd. ,e;jr; Nrjdg; grisfspy; jhtu kw;Wk; tpyFf; fopTfs; mlq;Ffpd;wd. ,tw;wpy; Vuhskhd iew;Nww;iwf; nfhz;l gjhu;j;jq;fs; fhzg;gLtJld; mit epyj;jb ePupy; iew;Nww; Nru;tjw;F Kf;fpa gq;F tfpf;fpd;wd. ,t;thwhd fhuzpfshy; aho;g;ghzj;jpy; epyj;jb ePupy; iew;Nww;wpd; nrwpT mjpfupj;Jr; nry;fpwJ. cyf Rfhjhu epWtdk; ghJfhg;ghd Fbjz;zPupy; iew;Nww;wpd; nrwpT 10mg/L intrate my;yJ 45 mg/L NO3 I tpl Fiwthf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd tiuaiw nra;Js;sJ. Mdhy; aho;g;ghzj;jpy; gy;NtW gpuNjrq;fspy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l iew;Nww; khrhf;fk; njhlu;ghd Ma;Tfspd; gb epyj;jb ePupd; iew;Nww; iejurdpd; NO3 N2 nrwpT 10mg/L I tpl mjpfkhf ,Ug;gjhfTk; me;j ePu; Fbjz;zPuhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl KbahJ vdTk; njupa te;Js;sJ. ,jdhy; aho;g;ghzj;jpy; Fb jz;zPu;g; gw;whf;Fiw Vw;gLk; mghak; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. iew;Nww;wpdhy; khrhf;fg;gl;l ePiu mUe;Jtjhy; gy Mgj;jhd Neha; epiyikfs; Vw;gLfpd;wd. ,tw;Ws; xd;W nkj;fPnkh FNshgpdPkpah(Methaemo globinemio) vdg;gLk; Neha; epiyik. iew;iww; MdJ clypDl; nrd;W iew;iww; Mf khw;wk; milfpwJ. ,e;j iew;iww; MdJ FUjpapYs;s xl;rpridf; fhtpr; nry;Yk;fpNkhFNshgpd; vDk; gjhu;j;jj;ij nkj;fPNkh FNshgpdhf khw;wkilar; nra;tjdhy; xl;rprid vLj;Jr; nry;Yk; jd;ikia ,of;fr; nra;fpd;wJ. ,jdhy; FUjpapdhy; xl;rprd; nfhz;L nry;yg;gLtJ FiwtilfpwJ. ,jdhy; if> fhy;> ehf;F vd;gd ePykhf khWtJld;(Cyanosis) %r;Rj; jpzwy; Vw;gl;L rpfpr;ir mspf;fg;glhj tplj;J ,wg;Gk; epfoyhk;. ,e;j Nehapdhy; ngupatu;fis tplr; rpW Foe;ijfNs mjpfkhfg; ij-khrp

14 ghjpf;fg;gLfpd;wdu;. Vnddpy; mtu;fsJ Kjpu;r;rpailahj czTf; fhy;tha;j; njhFjp iew;Nww; MdJ iww;iww;whf khWtij ,yFthf mDkjpf;fpwJ. ,jdhy; ,e;j NehahdJ Blue baby synchome vd miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,iug;ig kw;Wk; czTf; fhy;tha;j; njhFjpapy; Vw;gLk; Gw;WNeha;> cau; FUjp mKf;fk; vd;gd Vida Neha; epiyikfshFk;. Gw;W Nehia cUthf;Fk; gy;NtW fhuzpfspy; iew;Nww;Wk; xU Kf;fpa fhuzpahf fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.tlf;F fpof;F Nghupdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l ,lk;. cyfpNy jilnra;ag;gl;l MAjq;fs; ,urhadg;nghUl;fs; ,e;j ,lq;fspy; kpfngUk; mstpy; ghtpf;fg;gl;LmopTfis re;jpj;jjd; %yk; tho;tjw;Nf cupa ,lky;y. kz;zpYk;> ePupYk; Nru;e;j ,urhadq;fspd; fhuzkhf gy;NtW jPq;Ffs; Vw;gl;Ls;sd. mg;gbahd ,lj;jpy; tpisAk; nghUl;fspypUe;J jahupf;Fk; czTfis cz;gjhy;> ePiu mUe;Jtjhy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfis xUjlit fw;gid nra;J ghUq;fs;. fhuzk; ,g;NghJ GupAk;.

ePq;fs; " NahfPrd; mwf;fl;lis " vd;w Xu; jd;dhu;tj; njhz;L epWtdj;ij elhj;jp tUfpd;wPu;fs; mJ cUthf Ntz;ba fhuzKk; mjpy; cq;fs; mDgtKk; vg;gbahf ,Ue;jJ ? vd;idg; nghWj;j tiuapy; kdpjtho;T %d;W jsq;fisf; nfhz;lJ. 1. mu;j;jg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;Sjy;. 2. gpwu; Jau; Jilj;jy;. 3.r%feyd; Ngzp rKjhaj;ij tsu;j;jy;> epiy epWj;Jjy;. Nkw;fz;l mbg;gilapy; ehd; tho;f;ifiag; ghu;g;gjhy; ,e;j rpe;jidfis nrayhf;fk; nra;tjpy; vdf;Fs; Vw;gl;l ce;Jjy; ,e;j jd;dhu;t njhz;L epWtdj;ij Jtq;f nra;jJ. ,jDila jiyaha Nehf;fk; r%f nghUshjhuj;ij gutyhf Nkk;gLj;jr; nra;tJk;> xt;nthUtUk; kw;wtu;fspy; jq;fpapuhj nghUshjhu jd;dpiwit fhz;gJk;jhd;. ,dk;> kjk;> rhjp> epwk; ,d;Dk; gpw NtWghLfis fle;J ,ad;w cjtpfis vd; rhu;e;j r%fj;jpw;F nra;a ehd; tpiofpNwd;. mjDila njhlf;fkhf ,J 1996k; Mz;L Muk;gpf;fg;gl;L ,d;iwf;F> fy;tp> kUj;Jtk; ,d;Dk; gpw r%fjsq;fspy; gy gadhspfis cUthf;fp tUfpwJ. ,e;j gazj;ij njhlu;tjpy; vdf;F kfpo;r;rpAk; kdepiwTk; cz;L. mwf;fl;lisapd; epiwNtw;wpa gy nray;ghLfs; gw;wp ehd; $wKbAk;. vkJ jpl;lq;fs; vy;NyhUk; nra;tJ Nghd;W ,y;yhky; ePz;l tho;thjhuj;ij nfhLf;ff;$ba jpl;lq;fs; topKiwfis ,dq;fz;L mjw;F nray;tbtk; nfhLg;gJ Kf;fpakhdJ. mjpy; xd;Wjhd; fle;jtUlk;> xU mur rhu;w;w epWtdj;jpw;$lhf fpof;F khfhzj;jpy; 400 Ngiu njupTnra;J mtu;fSf;F xUtUlj;Jf;F Nkyhf r%f ij-khrp

fpuhkpa efu;g;Gw tsu;r;rp rk;ge;jkhd Jiwrhu; cau;fy;tpia toq;fp mtu;fs; ,e;j gbg;gpd; gpd;du; 5- 10 Ngiu cs;thq;fp mtu;fis gapw;Wtpg;gJk; Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fisAk;> nray;jpl;lq;fisAk; nra;thu;fs;. ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; KOr;nryTld; gbg;gtu;fSf;fhd midj;J nryTfisAk; mwf;fl;lis nghWg;Ngw;Ws;sJ. r%fk; vdf;F vd;d je;jJ vd;gij tpl ehd; vd;d r%fj;jpw;F nfhLj;Njd; vd;gij rpe;jpf;fNt ehd; tpUk;Gfpd;Nwd;.

Xu; gapw;rp tpkhd Xl;bahf ,Uf;fpd;w cq;fSf;F ,e;j Jiwapy; vg;gbahf Xu; <u;g;G cUthfpaJ ? rpWtajpypUe;Nj tpkhdNkhl;bahf Ntz;Lk; vd;w kpfg;ngupa xU fdT ,Ue;jJ. vdJ jhahu; ,yq;ifapy; Kjy; ngz; tpkhdpahf (Air Ceylon) ,Ue;jtu;. mjd;gpd; vdJ jfg;gdhu; top cwtpdu;fs; ,Utu; mnkupf;ftpYk; ,q;fpyhe;jpYk; tpkhdpahf ,Ue;jtu;fs;. vdJ khkdhu; Capt. Mde;jg;gh ,yq;if tpkhdg;gilj; jsgjpahf ,Ue;J njhopy; mjpgu; cg;ghyp tp[atu;j;jdhTld; tpkhdj;NjhL 13.02.1983 md;W kNyrpahtpypUe;J ,yq;if tUk;topapy; fhzhky; Nghapdu;. mjd;gpd; vdJ je;ij ,jw;F ,lkspf;ftpy;iy. gpd;du; N[u;kd; te;j gpwF Mu;tf;Nfhshwpy; nghOJNghf;fpw;fhf njhlq;fp jdpahu; tpkhdg; gapw;rp (PPL)fUtp nray; mWjpg;ghL (Instrument Rating) ,ae;jpug;gapw;rp (Multiengine Training) Kbj;j epiyapy; fpilf;Fk; Neuj;jpy; nfypnfhg;lu; (PHPL) gapw;rpiaAk; Nkw;nfhs;fpd;Nwd;.

GNyhypA+uhdpd; murpay;jhd; vd;d ?

a) "nghWf;fp murpaypy; nghjpRkg;gij tpl fsj;jpy; GOjpahf ,Ug;gNj Nky;." vd;W epidf;fpNwd;. b) GNyhypA+uhd; murpay;thjpNah> gpuKfNuh ,y;iy. KOikahd r%f eyd; Nehf;fpa ,yf;fpathjp> xU KjyPl;lhsd; vd;w KfKk; cz;L. kdpjhgpkhdk;jhd; vdJ ,aq;Fjpir. me;j epiyg;ghL vd;dplkpUg;gjdhy;jhd; Gyk;ngau;e;j gpd;Gk; Nghupdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l jkpou;fSf;F cjTk; gzpfspy; gyUld; ,ize;jpUf;fpd;Nwd;. vdJ nraw;ghLfSk; kdpjhgpkhdk; rhu;e;jJjhd;. RUf;fpr;nrhy;tnjdpy; khdpl Neak;jhd; vdJ murpay;. c) vdf;F kl;Lk; me;j kz;zpy; ehis gy KjyPL> mgptpUj;jp> njhopw;rhiyfis epWTk; rf;jpapid vdf;Fj; je;jhy;> Fbirfspy; thOk; ,Nj kf;fis ehd; kPz;Lk; nghUshjhu jd;dpiwT> Gjpa njhopy; El;gk;> Ntiy tha;g;G> fy;tp> epiwthd Rfhjhuk; kPz;Lk; re;NjhrkhfNt thOk; xU trjpapid Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhLj;J> mtu;fis kPz;LnkhU jlit jk; gQ;R nkj;ijapy; cwq;fitj;J moFghu;g;Ngd;. ,jw;fhfNt vd; ,Wjp tho;f;if mika Mirg;gLfpd;Nwd;. ,jw;F vd;idr;Rw;wpAs;s ez;gu;fs; epr;rak; cWJizahf ,Ug;ghu;fs; vd ek;GfpNwd;.

KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

Rje;jpuj;Jld; kdpjd; vd;whNy Mizj;jhd; Fwpf;fpwJ kdpjp vd;w jdpg;gjk; jkpopy; ,y;iy jhd; xU kdpjg;gpwtp vd;W czur; nra;ahj .tifapy; mts; kPJ kuGfs; jpzpf;fg;gl;ld kdpj rKjhak; tpyq;F epiyapy; fhLfspy; Ntl;ilahba NghJ ngz;Nz FLk;gj;jpd; jiyik gpd; Nrkpj;j czit gad;gLj;jpf;nfhs;s MNz jiyik tfpj;jhd; gbg;gbahf mts; Copak; nra;Ak; ghitahf gJikahf ,d;gk; jUk; nghUshf thupR jUk; fUtpahf mirah cilikNghy; mirAk; clikahdhs kz; $l jdf;F xt;thj Fg;igfis rPuzk; nra;tjpy;iy ngz; vy;yhtw;iwAk; rPuzk; nra;jhs ,e;j xLf;Fjy; gz;ghL vDk; xOf;fj;jpy;

KfL

jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

nghjpag;gl;lJ ngz; vd;w gpuf;iQ ciwe;J fplf;Fk; Nrhfk; Vl;ilAk; ngz;fs; njhLtJ jPik vd;W vz;zpapUe;jtiu Gul;bg;Nghldu; jkpoPog; ngz;fs; tpLjiyf;fhw;iw Rthrpf;fj; njhlq;fpNdhk; fl;Lf;fs; jfu;j;J rkj;Jtk; gilj;Njhk; Rw;wpapUe;j Rtu;r; rpiw cile;jJ Rje;jpu tho;tpd; typikfis mDgtpj;Njhk; rfkdpju; vd;w ghu;it rKjhaj;jpy; Vw;gl;lJ tpupe;j thdpy; tpLijiyg; gwitahf rpwFfs; tpupj;j nghOJ fpNo njupe;j epyk; Rje;jpuj;Jld;

ghkpdp Jrpae;jd; n[u;kdp

ij-khrp

ehyhk; khb gFjp - 2

cz;ikj; njhlH.....

rptujd; vd;id cs;Ns tpl NghFk; me;j rpiw miwfis ghu;j;Njd; . xt;nthU miwapy; cs;NsAk; gyu; ,Ue;jhu;fs; xU miwf;Fs; ,t;tsT Nguh ? vd;W Nahrpr;Nrd; . mtu;fs; vy;NyhUNk vd;idNa ghu;j;J nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs; .. ,dp......... mtu;fSf;F tpLg;G Nfl;f Ms; te;j re;Njhrk; vd;W gpwF jhd; vdf;F Gupe;jJ rk;ge;jNk ,y;yhj gpur;rid xd;Wf;fhf ehd; cs;Ns te;jpUf;fpNwd; ..,Jtiu vdf;F Gupay vq;Nf gpio tpl;Nld; vd;W ,Ue;jhYk; xd;iw ek;gpNdd; . ,td;q;f Ms; khwp gpbr;rpl;lhq;f ,y;iy vd;why; vdf;F mbr;R gpd;dp ,Ug;ghq;f ..,tq;f vd;dNth re;Njfg;gLwhq;f mij fpspau; gz;zpdhy; rup >>,uz;L %d;W ehisf;Fs; tpl;LLthq;f vd;W epdj;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghNj N[jpyf Nk fl;b mj;Jyl;l jhz;l vd;W nrhd;dhd; vd;id gjpe;J nfhz;bUe;jtd; . n[jpyf vd;w PC te;J vd;id tu nrhd;dhd; .. ehd; NghNdd; ,Jtiu rpdpkhtpy kl;LNk ghu;j;j me;j rpiw fjTfis Nehf;fp ,Jtiu fhyKk; mDgtpj;jpuhj me;j tho;ifia mJ mg;gb jhd; ,Uf;Fk; vd;w fw;gid $l gz;zpuhj tho;ifia Nehf;fp Ngha; nfhz;bUf;fpNwd; . mtu;fSk; MtYld; fhj;jpUf;fpwhu;fs; ve;j miwf;Fs; tpl Nghfpwhu;fs; vd;id vd;W vd;id rupahf eL miwia Nehf;fp nfhz;L nrd;wdu; > ij-khrp

KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

gyu; ruk; fl;b ,Ue;jhu;fs; rpyu; \u;l; Nghl;L ,Ue;jhu;fs; >>rpyu; ntWk; NkNyhL ,Ue;jhu;fs; Vd; ntWk; NkNyhL ,Ue;jhu;fs; vd;gJ cs;Ns te;J 10 epkp\j;jpy; vdf;F Gupa Muk;gpj;jJ. jd;dplNk itj;jpUe;j jpwg;ig Nghl;L jpwe;jhd; me;j fjit .fz;fspy; fz;zPUld; mtu;fs; ,Ue;j me;j miwf;Fs; Eiof;Nwd;. fpuPr; > fjT G+l;lg;gLfpwJ > ,Jtiu ghu;j;jpuhj >fw;gidapy; $l ghu;j;jpuhj . rpdpkhtpy; $l fhl;bapuhj me;j rpiw miwf;Fs; ehd; ,Ue;Njd; vdJ fz;fs; fyq;fp ,Ue;jd ve;j NeuKk; mo $ba epiyapy; ehd; ,Ue;jij mq;Nf ,Ue;jtu;fs; czu;e;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw epidj;Njd; mtu;fs; vJTNk vd;dplk; Nfl;ftpy;iy ..Vw;fdNt mq;Nf ,Ue;j rhg;ghl;L ghu;ry; xd;iw vdf;F je;J rhg;gpl nrhd;dhu;fs; . Neuk; kjpak; jhz;b khiyia neUq;fp nfhz;bUe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; ..vtuplKk; kzpf;$L ,y;iy >>MapDk; ehd; cs;Ns te;j Neuj;ijAk; tprhupj;j gpd; ,q;F nfhz;L te;J tpl;l Neuj;ijAk; itj;J fzpg;gpl;L nfhz;Nld; .. grpj;jJ >MdhYk; kdk; rpiw miwapy; ehd; ,Ug;gij [Puzpj;J nfhz;bUe;jjJ >mj;jhd; tPl;l Ngha; nrhd;d Tld; mk;kh mOjpUg;gh >mf;fh rhg;gpl;bUf;f khl;lh .jk;gp jq;if vg;gb vLj;J nfhs;thu;fs; vd;W kdk; tPl;il Rw;wp te;J nfhz;bUe;jJ . “rhg;gpLq;f” vd;W mjpy rw;W Fz;lhf ,Ue;jtd; xUj;jd; nrhd;dhd; .mg;Ngh jhd; mtu;fis epku;e;J ghu;j;Njd; vy;Nyhu; Kfj;jpYk; jfty; mwpa Ntz;Lk; vd;w Mty; ,Ue;jJ .mj;Jld; xU nrhe;j fhud; te;j;jpUf;fpwhd; vd;w czu;Tk; ,Ue;jJ . nkhj;jk; 13 Ngu; me;j miwf;Fs; ,Ue;jhu;fs; .mitfspy; gyu; ruk; fl;b ,Ue;jhu;fs; > rpyu; \u;l; Nghl;L ,Ue;jhu;fs; rpyu; ntWk; NkNyhL ,Ue;jhu;fs; ..Vd; ntWk; NkNyhL ,Ue;jhu;fs; vd;gJ cs;Ns te;J 10 epkp\j;jpy; vdf;F Gupa Muk;gpj;jJ .Kd;Df;F ,Uf;Fk; fk;gp fjit tpl NtW ve;j [d;dYNk ,y;yhj me;j miwapy; ,ay;ghfNt fhzg;gLk; ntl;ifia msTf;fjpfkhf ,Ue;j Ml;fspspy; ,Ue;J tUk; ntl;if mjpfupf;f nra;jjjpy; vdf;Fk; Ntu;f;f njhlq;fp ,Ue;jJ ,ypUe;J Gupe;J nfhz;Nld; . Ntu;it grp ftiy mOif vy;yhNk Nru;e;j czu;Tld; mtu;fs; cgrupg;Gld; me;j rhg;ghl;il rhg;gpl Kad;W Njhw;W nfhz;bUe;Njd; rhg;gpl Kbay mJ me;j rhg;ghl;bd; Nl];l; M ? my;yJ vd; kdR xU epiyapy; ,y;yhjjh njupay >me;j ghu;riy mg;gbNa J}f;fp mq;Nf

KfL

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Fg;ig NghLtjw;F vd;W ,Ue;j xU nrhg;gpq; thf; xd;wpy; mij Nghl;Nld; .. gpd;du; me;j ,Uf;if khjpup ,we;j jpz;izapy; cs;gf;fkhf nfhQ;rk; ff;$]; ,Ue;j gf;fkhf vdf;F xU ,lk; xJf;fpdhu;fs; ,Ug;gjw;F mq;Nf mg;gb jhd; cs;Ns te;j xOq;fpd; gb fjT gf;fkhf ,lk; xJf;Fthu;fs; fjT gf;fkhf ,Ug;gJ nfhQ;rk; fhj;J tUk;.mj;Jld; ntspNa jpuAk; NghyP];fhuu;fs; > ngz; NghyPrhiu tpLg;G ghu;f;fyhk; .mjw;fhf me;j ,lq;fs;vg;gTNk mq;Nf ,Uf;Fk; rPdpNau;]; ,w;F cupajhf ,Uf;Fk; mq;Nf ,Ug;gtu;fs; midtUk; ntt;NtW fhyg;gFjpapy; mq;Nf te;jtu;fs; ..mtu;fs; midtUNk mtrufhy rl;lk; my;yJ gaq;futhj jLg;G rl;lk; Mfpatw;wpy; cs;Ns te;jtu;fs; .. vy;yhtpj tprhuizfSk;Kbe;jtu;fs; my;yJ ePjp kd;why; ,dp NkYk; tprhupf;f fhy mtfhrk; toq;f glhjtu;fs; rhjhuz rpiwrhisfSf;F khw;w gLthu;fs; ... Kjy;fl;l tprhuiz Kbe;jtu;fs; ,q;Nf ,lk; fhzhj gl;rj;jpy; G+rh jLg;G KfhKf;F mDg;g gLthu;fs; .. G+rh jLg;G Kfhk; my;yJ G+rh rpiwrhiy vd;gJ ,yq;ifapy; cs;s gaq;futhj jLg;G gpupT (TID ) > Fw;wtpay; jLg;G gpupT (CID ) > nfhOk;G Fw;w jLg;G gpupT ( CCD ) kw;Wk; rhjhuz NghyP]; epiyaq;fspy; jLg;G fhtypy; itj;J tprhupf;fg;gl;ltu;fs; Nkyjpf tprhuidf;fhfh jLj;J itf;fg;gLk; ,lk; ..mq;fpUe;J jpUk;gTk; me;j me;j Jiwia Nru;e;jtu;fs; mtu;fis (ifjpfis ) jpUk;g ngwyhk; ,jw;F ePjpkd;w mDkjpfs; Njitapy;iy Mdhy; rhjhuz rpiw rhiyfSf;F mDg;ggl;ltu;fs; Nkyjpf tprhuizf;F vd jpUk;g ngWtJ kpf fbdk; mg;gb ngWtJ MapDk; cupa fhuzk; ePjp kd;wpy; rku;g;gpf;f gl;L mjw;fhd mDkjp ngwg;gl Ntz;Lk; mJTk; $ba fhj;Jf;F mDkjp toq;fg;gl khl;lhJ vdNt rhjhuz rpiw rhiyf;F khj;JtJ vd;gJ mq;fpUg;gtu;fis nghWj;jtiu tpLjiyNa ,g;gb ,e;j ,uz;L ,lq;fSf;Fk; ,d;dKk; khw;wg;glhj MW vO khjq;fs; jhz;batu;fNs mq;Nf ,Ue;jtu;fs; mtu;fs; vd;id vd;dj;Jfhfh gpbj;jhu;fs; vd;W Nfl;ldu; . ,g;Ngh vdf;F nfhQ;rk; kd mikjp Vw;gl;lJ.. vdf;F ve;j R+o;epiy vd;whYk; ,dp elf;fpwJ elf;fl;Lk; vd;W kdij fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; jd;ik nfhQ;r Neuj;jpy; te;J tpLk; ij-khrp

18 mtu;fs; nrhd;dhu;fs; ePq;f gag;gpl Njitapy;iy..ehq;f xUtUf;Fk; nrhy;y khl;Nlhk; nrhy;Yq;f vd;W. mg;Ngh jhd; vdf;F mJ Gupe;jJ ,q;Nf ehk; fijg;gtw;iw tprhupg;gtu;fs; mwpayhk; xd;wpy; xl;L Nfl;Fk; fUtpfs; %yk; my;yJ ,q;fpUg;gtu;fs; ahuhtJ nrhy;yyhk; ,Ue;jhYk; vdf;F mq;F nrhd;dJf;Fk; ,tu;fSf;F nrhy;y Nghtjw;Fk; tpj;jpahrk; vJTNk ,Uf;f Nghtjpy;iy .vdNt nrhd;Ndd; mtu;fs; Nfl;lhu;fs; x ..,e;j Nfrpy; jq;fSf;F njupe;Nj gyiu gpbj;J tpl;lhu;fs; cz;ikapy; ePq;fSk; mjpy; epd;W ,Ue;jPu;fsh ? vd;W Nfl;ldu; ehd; mtu;fSf;Fk; cz;ikia jhd; nrhd;Ndd; ,y;iy vd;W .. Mdhy; mtu;fs; ek;gtpy;iy ..ehd; gy;fiy fof khztd; vd;w gbahy; nfhQ;rk; kupahij je;J fijr;R nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs; ,J cz;ikapy; nfhQ;rk; ju;krq;flkhd epiyik ehd; vJTNk nra;ahtpl;lhYk; vd;id mij nra;jpUg;Ngd; vd;w tifapy; vdf;F kupahij jUtJ vd;gij fle;J nry;tJ.

epfo;Tld; Neubahf njhlu;G gl;ltu;fs; >rpyu; mg;gb epfo;T elf;f NghfpwJ vd;W njupahkNy njhlu;G gl;ltu;fs; .. kpf kpf rpyu; vd;id Nghy ve;j tpjj;jpYk; njhlu;G glhky; ntWk; re;Njfj;jpy; kl;Lk; kl;Lk; ,Ug;gtu;fs; . xU rk;gtj;Jld; njhlu;G gl;ltu;fs; vd;W nrhy;yp gyu; ifJ nra;ag;gl;bUe;jdu; rpy Nf]; fspy; 15 NgUf;F Nkw;gl;ltu;fs; $l ifJ nra;ag;gl;bUe;jdu; .mg;gb gl;l xNu Nfrpy; ifJ nra;ag;gl;ltu;fis me;j %z;L miwfspYk; gpupj;J gpupj;J itj;jpUe;jhu;fs; mtu;fSf;Fs;Ns xU xw;Wik te;J ngha;ia vy;NyhUk; xd;whf nrhy;y $lhJ vd;W tp[aul;d mg;gb gpupj;J itj;jpUe;jhd; ,g;gbahd xU Nfrpy; ifJ nra;ag;gl;ltu;fs; gpupe;J ,Ue;jhYk; mtu;fspilNa xU xw;Wik ,Uf;f jhd; nra;jJ . ,t;tsT tplaq;fSk; mq;fpUf;Fk; NghJ xt;nthU ehSk; mwpe;jit .cz;ikapy; mtu;fs; fijfs; mtu;fs; rk;ge;jg;gl;l tplaq;fs; vy;yhk; tpupthf nrhd;dhy; xt;nthd;Wk; xt;nthU ehtyhf tpupAk; mjdhy; mij ,q;Nf nrhy;yhky; tpLfpNwd; .

,J cz;ikapy; nfhQ;rk; ju;krq;flkhd epiyik ..ehd; vJTNk nra;ahtpl;lhYk; vd;id mij nra;jpUg;Ngd; vd;w tifapy; vdf;F kupahij jUtJ vd;gij fle;J nry;tJ. vt;tsT nrhd;dhYk; ek;gtpy;iy mtu;fs; >mjw;F fhuzKk; ,Ue;jJ .ehd; mjpy rk;ge;j;jg;gbUg;Ngd; vd;Nw epidj;jhu;fs; Vnddpy; mq;fpUg;gtu;fspy; rpyu; Neubahf rk;gtq;fspy; <L gl;bUe;jhYk; tprhuidf;fhf mg;gb ,y;iy vd;W nrhy;yp nfhz;bUgtu;fs; mjdhy; cs;Sf;Fs; vd;idAk; mg;gbNa epidj;jhu;fs; mtu;fs; vy;NyhUk; xNu miwapy; gy khjq;fs; ,Ue;jhYk; xUtiu xUtu; cs;Ns ek;gtpy;iy mjw;F fhuzk; tprhuizf;F vd;W NkNy mioj;J nry;Yk; NghJ jdpNa jhd; mioj;J nry;thu;fs; mq;Nf vd;d Nfl;fpwhu;fs; mjw;F ,tu;fs; vd;d nrhd;dhu;fs; vd;gJ vtUf;FNk njupahJ ,tdplk; cs;Ns ele;jJ vd;d vd;W Nfl;bUg;ghu;fNsh ? vd;w re;Njfk; mtu;fSf;F ,Uf;Fk; ..fhuzk; mtu;fs; NghFk; NghJ $l mg;gbahd Nfs;tpfis Nfl;ghd; tp[aul;d ... mjdhy; me;j miwapy; ,Ug;gtu;fs; Nkyhf xw;Wikahf gofpdhYk; cs;Sf;Fs; xUtiu xUtu; re;Njfg;gl;L nfhz;Nl ,Ug;ghu;fs; mq;Nf ,Ug;gtu;fs; midtUNk vNjh xU tpjj;jpy; tpLjiy Gypfspd; td;dp jtpu;e;j eltbf;iffspy; vNjh xd;Wld; njhlu;G gl;ltu;fs; ..mtu;fspy; rpyu; Kf;fpakhd ij-khrp

md;W vdf;F njupahJ ,tu;fSld; ,Nj miwapy; jhd; ehd; 3 khjq;fs; ,Uf;f NghfpNwd; vd;W . vd;id ntWk; re;Njfj;jpy; gpbj;j gbahy; Ie;jhW ehspy; tpl;L tpLthu;fs; vd;Nw epidj;Njd; .mij mtu;fSf;F $wpa NghJ rpupj;jhu;fs; .. ,q;Nf te;jtu;fs; Fiwe;jJ 3 khjq;fSf;Fs; ntspNa NghdJ ,y;iy vd;whu;fs; vdf;F xU msTf;F epiyik Gupa njhlq;fpaJ ,Ue;jhYk; vdf;F mb ngupjhf tpotpy;iy vd;gJ mtu;fSf;F Mr;rupaj;ij Vw;gLj;jpaJ.. Vnddpy; tp[aul;d gpbr;R mbf;ftpy;iy vd;gJ tpNdhjkhd xd;whfNt mtu;fs; ghu;j;jhu;fs; vd;dplk; vy;yh tptuq;fSk; Nfl;L Kbapw Neuk; ,Us njhlq;fp tpl;lJ ..,uT rhg;ghL te;jJ xU rpd;d ghu;ry; ..mjw;Fs; fliy Ak; rk;gYk; ,Ue;jd .grpahf ,Ue;jjhy; clNd gpupj;J rhg;gpl;Nld; . rpW ePu; fopf;fZk; Nghy ,Ue;Jr;R ..Kd;gf;fk; miu Rtu; kl;LKs;s me;j miwapd; gpd;gf;f ,lJ %iyapy; cs;s ff;$]; ,y; rpW ePu; fopj;Njd;.xNu miwapy; fjTfNs ,y;yhj ff;$]; . mjpNy 13 Ngu; ,Uf;fNt f\;lkhf ,Uf;Fk; me;j ,lj;jpy; vg;gb ,t;tsT ngUk; gLg;gJ ? ,e;j Nfs;tp f;F tpil njupAk; NeuKk;

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a neUq;fpaJ . ,uT gj;J kzp me;j NghyP];fhuu; bA+l;b khWfpwhu;fs; vdgJ Gupe;jJ

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KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

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KfL

jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

gzj; j hYk; gjtpahYk; > me;j];jhYk; kdpj cwT NgZw G+kpia cdf;F ,g;g GupahJ fz;zk;kh. glhky; me;j kdpjd; mtsJ fd;dj;ijj; njhl;l NghJ epr;rakhf mjpy; tpfy;gkhf vJTk; ,y;yhj nts;se;jpj; jdk; ,Ue;jJ. ,Ue;Jk; ghl;bf;F toik Nghy fz;fspy; neUg;G vupe;jJ “ th Fl;bkh” vd;W cs;Ns ,Oj;Jg; Nghdhs;. me;j kdpjd; Nghd gpd; “ mq;fhy Cu;f; Nfhbj; njhq;fypy Rk;kh fple;j fhl;Lf; fhzpia gpupr;R ,g;g murhq;fk; cWjp FLj;j FbapUg;Gf;Fs;s nfhl;by; Nghl;Lf; FLj;jpUf;nfy;Ny mJf;Fs;Ns ,Uf;fpw ngbadg;gh. ehd; mq;fd gf;fj;jpy vq;fl njd;dq;fhzpf;F Nghf tNuf;f fz;bUf;fpwd;. rpyNeuk; khL gl;bia Fog;gpf; nfhz;L Xbdhy; fhty;fhug; ngbaNdhl Nru;e;J Juj;jpg; gpbr;Rf; nfhz;L te;J milg;ghd;. Njq;fh gpLq;f > tay; Ntiy . vz;L vJf;Fg; NghdhYk; Nfshky; Xbte;J Ntiy nra;thd;. rk;gsk; $l vjpu;ghu;f;fhky; Ntiy Kbaj; jpUk;gpg; NghapLthd;. ghtk;. MUkw;wtd;. .............. (xU ,lk; Fwpg;gpl;L) mq;F ,Ue;J te;j xU FLk;gj;Njhl $b nfhz;L te;J ,Uf;fpwhd;. cior;Rf; FLj;jhy; tPl;by xz;bf; nfhs;s xU %iy fpilf;Fk; mt;tsT jhd;” vd;W ngU%r;Rld; Kbj;Jf; nfhz;L “mtd; vg;g thrypy epz;lhYk; fhR FLf;f Ntz;lhk; tapwhu rhg;ghL Nghl;lDg;Gk;” vd;whu; ghl;baplk;. “Vd; jhj;jh FLk;gk; ,y;yhky; cwT kdpju;fs; ahUkpy;yhj xU kdpjd; ,Uf;f KbAkh?” Fog;gkhff; Nfl;l Ngu;j;jpia iffSf;Fs; mizj;Jf; nfhz;L > “gzj;jhYk; > gjtpahYk; > me;j];jhYk; kdpj cwT NgZw G+kpia cdf;F ,g;g GupahJ fz;zk;kh. mij ePAk; tpsq;fpy; nfhs;sf;fhyk; tUk;. mg;g Gupe;J nfhz;L xJf;f Ntz;baij xJf;fpw njspT ngw;W tpLtha;” vd;whu;. mJ..... mtuJ me;j tha; thu;j;ij mg;gbNa xU ehs; gypj;J> me;j kdpjDf;fhfNt vy;yhtw;iwAk;> vy;NyhiuAk; xJf;Fk; epiy xUehs; mtSf;F tUk; vd;gJ mtUf;Fk; mg;NghJ njupe;jpUf;fhJ. gpd;dhd fhyq;fs; vg;NghJk; vy;NyhUf;Fk; Nghy efu;e;J nfhz;L > mts; tsu;e;J nfhz;L> jhj;jh ghl;b %g;nga;jpf; nfhz;L> fle;J Ngha;f;nfhz;bUf;f> me;j kdpjDk; vg;NghjhtJ grpf;Fk; Neuk;> jhfk; vLf;Fk; Neuk;kl;Lk; tPl;L thriy vl;bg;ghu;j;J grpiaj; jdpj;Jf; nfhz;L fle;J Ngha;f;nfhz;bUe;jhd;. mq;F ij-khrp

26 ,q;nfd jiy jpUg;ghky; Fdpahky; tisahky; xNu rPuhd Ntfj;jpy; ele;J nry;Yk; ,e;j ,ae;jpuj;Jf;Fs; ve;j czu;TfSk; ,Uf;fhjh? ftiy > fz;zPu; > kfpo;r;rp vd;W VJk; czu Kbahjh vd;W mts; gyKiw me;j kdpjidg; ghu;j;Jr; rpe;jpj;jpUf;fpwhs;. Kbtpy; ,y;iy vd;W KbTk; vLj;jpUf;fpwhs;. grpr;r Neuk; fpilj;jhy; czT. epWj;J vd;W nrhy;Ykl;Lk; Ntiy... vg;gb KbfpwJ. ,g;gb czu;Tfs; mw;wpUg;gnjdpy; vjw;F ,g;gb xU gpwg;G. mijg; gilj;jjhfr; nrhy;yg;gLk; flTs; vjw;F? vg;NghJk; Nghy; mtis mupf;Fk; gjpy; fpilf;fhj gy Nfs;tpfSf;Fs; ,ijAk; $l;Lr; Nru;j;Jf; nfhz;l gpd; > xU ehs; jhj;jh ,we;J Nghdhu;. cwT $b xg;Gf;F xg;ghupj;J> Cu;f;Nfhbapy; nfhz;L Ngha; nfhSj;jp tpl;L te;J %d;W ehshd gpd;Dk;> ghrj;Jld; fd;dk; tUbf; nfhz;Nl ,Wjpaha; jsu;e;J Jtz;l me;j tajhd iffSk;> “vd;u nry;yf; fz;zk;kh ftdk;” vd;W jpf;fpj; jpf;fp te;j ,Wjpf; FuYk;> fz;fs; Fj;jpl;L ntz;glyk; glUk; fzk; tiu ghu;itapy; ,Ue;j ghrKk; > tpl;Lr; nry;fpNwd; vd;w gupjtpg;Gk;> ,jaj;ijg; gpLq;fp iffspy; itj;Jf; frf;FtJ Nghy; cUj;njupahky; Cikahf typj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jJ mtSf;F . njupahj jpir vy;yhk; jhj;jhtpd; Njk;gp mOk; FuYk; “fz;zk;kh” vd;w mruPup Nghd;w miog;gpd; epidTfSkhf gpj;Jg; gpbj;jts; Nghy; mts; xU %iyapy; vtNuhLk; xl;lhky; xJq;fpapUf;f> $l;lk; Ftpe;J Ml;lk; Nghl;lJ Nghy tPL epiwa frfrj;Jj; jpupe;j rdf; $l;lk; vupr;ryhf ,Ue;jJ. ahNuh vtNuh Ntz;batu; Ntz;lhjtu; vd;W vy;yhk; epiwe;J nfhz;L ngupa ngupa ghj;jpuq;fspy; nryT tPl;Lf;F mtpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs;. ,we;jtUf;Fg; gilg;gjhfr nrhy;yp Ftpj;J itj;j nghUl;fspy; mNdfkhf vJTk; me;j kdpjd; cz;zhjitfshfNt> Vida gy nryT tPLfs; Nghy ,q;Fk; ,Ue;jd. ,og;gpd; Nrhfk; J}u tpyfp> xU tpj Nfhyhfy kd epiyapy; > te;J fl;batu;fSk; fl;ba topfshy; Xl;batu;fSkhf cupik Nghy Ml;lk; Nghl;Lf; nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs;. tpoh tpN\rq;fSf;F myq;fupj;jJ Nghy myq;fupj;Jf; nfhz;L > jhuhskhf jq;feiffis ms;spg;Nghl;L ngw;Nwhupd; trjpfis ntspf;fhl;bagb Kw;wj;jpYk; Kd; thrypYkhff; Foe;ijfs; FJ}fykhf Xb tpisahbf; nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs;. ,Ue;jhw;Nghy; ,ilapy; vNjh ryryg;G. Mu;tkpy;yhky; jpUk;gpg; ghu;j;jhs;. vq;Nfh fl;bf;nfhz;L> xl;bf; nfhz;L te;j cwtpy; rpy Mz;fs; jz;zpapd; Nghijapy; kpje;J nfhz;L > rj;jkhf epahak; fijj;Jf; nfhz;L> Foe;ijfsplk; mf;fiwahf vNjh tprhupj;Jf;nfhz;L> eil jsk;g Nfhzy; khzyhf kpje;J nfhz;L thriy ij-khrp

a Nehf;fp Xbdhu;fs;. mjpy; vNjh xU ehlfj; jd;ik ,Ug;gJ Nghy mtSf;Fj; Njhd;w mUtUg;Gld; Kfj;ij jpUg;gp kjpYf;F ntspNa njupe;j Nfhtpypd; gpd; tPjpf; NfhGuj;ijg; ghu;j;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhs; mts;. Foe;ijfs; xt;nthUtuplkhfg; Ngha; vNjh mtyk; Nghy; ,ufrpaj; njhdpapy; gufrpakhf vijNah nrhy;ypf; nfhz;L jk;ik eLehafg; gLj;jpf; nfhz;l tplaj;ij mtsplKk; nrhy;y te;jhu;fs;. Mu;tkpy;yhky; epkpu;e;J ghu;j;jhs;. “mf;fh ntspapy xU rq;fpypf; fs;sd; te;J> Kd; tPl;L kjpypy rhQ;R nfhz;L epz;L ifia mirr;R vd;id th th vz;L $g;gpl;ltd;” fz;fshYk; > FuyhYk; tplaj;ij cUg;ngUg;gpj;J czu;r;rpAld; $wpaJ Foe;ij. $l epz;lJfs; tpy;Yg;ghl;Lf;F Mkh Nghl;ld. Nrhu;thf ghu;j;J rypg;Gld; “eP vJf;F ,q;Nf vy;yhk; rq;fpyp fhg;G vy;yhk; Nghl;Lf; nfhz;L te;jha;?” vd;whs;. “Vd; ePq;f Nghl;bUf;fpwPq;f jhNd mg;gpb jhd; ehDk; Nghl;bUf;fpwd;.” ntLf; nfd;W Foe;ij nrhd;d tpjj;jpy; tsu;g;G mg;gl;lkhfj; njupe;jJ . “ehd; vg;gTk; jhd; Nghl;bUf;fpwhd;. ePq;fs; vJf;F Gjprh ,z;ilf;F ..... vd;d fypahz tPlh elf;FJ ,q;Nf ePq;f rpq;fhupr;Rf; nfhz;L te;J epz;L Fk;khsk; Nghl” vd;W rpde;jts; “ rup mtd; rq;fpypia fsl;bj; jur; nrhy;yp cd;dl;ilf; Nfl;lhdh?” vd;whs;. “,y;iy mk;kh jhd; nrhd;dt epiwa Ml;fs; te;J Nghw ,lk; ahuhtJ $g;gpl;lhy; fpl;lg; NghfhNj . rq;fpypia gpLq;fpf; nfhz;L NghapLtPdk; vd;W”. mg;ghtpaha; nrhd;d Foe;ijapd; fOj;jpy; rq;fpyp jpUL Nghfhky; njhq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jJ . X... mk;kh..... ,g;Nghnjy;yhk; mtSf;F jhj;jh nrhd;dJ khjpup kdpju;fis XusT tpsq;fj; njhlf;fp ,Ue;jjhy; tul;rpahfg; Gd;difj;Jf; nfhz;L “ cdf;Fj; jiyapy; vJTNk ,y;iyah mk;khtpd;u %isapy; jhd; eP tsug; Nghwpah?” vd;whs; rw;W Vsdkhf. Foe;ijf;F mjd; nghUs; Gupahky; > fij nrhy;tjpNyNa Mu;tkhf “mf;fh me;jf; fs;sd; Ntw khjpup ,Ue;jhd; fl;ilah jiynay;yhk; nts;isah eiuj;J Ntwkhjpup.>.>. igj;jpak; Nghy.... “ mts; mjpu;e;J Ngha; rl;nld;W vOe;jhs;. flTNs mtdh? .... grpr;rpUf;Fk; mtDf;F. ,og;G gpwg;G vd;gd vJTk; Gupahj ,ae;jpuk;. grp vd;W te;jpUg;ghd;. rptNd jhj;jh jiy rha Kd;dNk mtu; gof;fp tsu;j;j ju;kq;fspy; jtwp tpl;Nldh vd;W gjwpf; nfhz;L thrYf;F Xl> mq;Nf....... ,Lg;gpy; fple;j cLg;G tpyfpaJ njupahj epiyapy; Nghijapy; kpje;j ntwpf; $l;lj;jpd; iffspy; me;j mg;ghtp kdpjd; rpd;dhgpd;dkhfr; rpije;J

KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

“ ngupg;gh ehd; thwJf;F ,ilapy ,e;j Mspy; xU JUk;G tpOe;jhYk; vd;id ehisf;F tpba VjhtJ xU fpzj;Jf;if fple;J jhd; J}f;f Ntz;b ,Uf;Fk;” nfhz;bUe;jhd;. njU eha;f;Fg; gae;J fhiyj; J}f;fp irf;fps; `hd;bypy itr;R nfhz;L XLw Nfhiofs; $l vjpu;tPl;L kjpYld; rha;j;J fhy; J}f;fp mtid mbj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs;. epWj;jr; nrhy;yp mts; Nghl;l Xyk; kJ kaf;fj;jpd; fhJ tiu $l vl;bapUf;ftpy;iy. mtu;fSf;F eLtpy; GFe;J me;j kdpjidg; gpupj;njLf;f mUtUg;ghf ,Ue;jJ mtSf;F. mtrukha; tPl;Lf;Fs; Xb te;jhs;. jd;dtu;fsplk; mtykha; me;j kdpjd; Nrjp nrhd;dhs;. jiyiaj; njhq;fg; Nghl;Lf; nfhz;Lk; fz;fyq;fpa gbAk;> Koq;ifahy; ehbf;F Kl;Lf; nfhLj;j gbAak; ,Ue;j mtsJ cwTfspd; fz;fspy; mepahaj;jpd; Ntjidiaj; jtpu;f;f Kbahj mtyk; njspthfNt njupe;jJ. ,d;Dk; gpupf;fg;glhj ge;jYf;F Xb> ge;jYf;Fs; ,Ue;j Mz; cwTfsplk; “ th khkh. te;J ghU. nrj;Jg; NghapLk;. th ngupag;gh “ vd;W xt;nthUtuhff; ifgpbj;J ,Oj;j NghJ jtpu;f;f KbahJ vOe;jtu;fis if $g;gp mlf;fpdhs; ghl;b. Ntz;lhk; vy;yhk; fl;bf; FLj;j topaypy te;j nrhe;jk;. Fb ntwpapy Ntw epf;FJfs;. ehq;fs; VJk; thiaj; jpwf;f> tha; thu;j;ij jbr;R FLk;gq;fs; Fok;gp Nftykh NghFLk; “ vd;W if $g;gp fz;zPUld; Fk;gpl;l ghl;b “kdprd;u jiy rhAKd;dk;Nfhtpyh ,Ue;j tPl;il FbAk; Fk;khsKkh ,g;gpb Fl;br;Rtuhf;FJfNs” vd;W Gyk;gpf; nfhz;Nl rPiyj;jiyg;gpy; %f;ifr; rpe;jpf; nfhz;lhs;. murhq;fj;jpd; khtl;l uPjpapy; cau;ju mjpfhuq;fis iffspy; itj;jpUe;j gyUk; > Xa;T ngw;w fhty;Jiw cau; mjpfhupfSk; vd;W rw;W tYthd cwT kdpju;fs; mjpy; ,Ue;Jk;> xU mg;ghtp kdpjd; mbgl;l NghJ mtDf;fhf cUfhj> cjthj Mj;jpuk; Kfj;jpy; njwpf;f > Fw;wr;rhl;lha; Nehf;fpa mts; tpopfisr; re;jpf;fj; jaq;fp> “rup th vd;d vd;W Nfl;fpwk; “vd;W mizj;Jf; nfhz;L $lNt te;J> ,uj;jk; tbe;J > cilfpope;J > GOjpapy; cUz;L fple;j me;j kdpjdpd; epiy fz;L mjpu;e;J > fz;fspy; Nfhgkhfp> rl;nld mij kiwj;J mikjpahfp > “rup rup NghJk; vNjh ele;jJ ele;J Nghr;R epg;ghl;Lq;f “ vd;W rkhjhdkha; mtu;fis miof;f> ,g;NghJ jq;fs; `PNuh Nt\ j;ij tPl;L kdpju;fSf;F Kd; Nghl;Lf; fhl;Lk; Mir mtu;fSf;F te;jpUf;fyhk;. jpUk;g fhYau;j;jp me;j kdpjdpd; tapw;Wf;F Xq;fpaNghJ jd;idg; Mjuthfg; gw;wp ,Ue;j ifia cjwp mtrukhff; FWf;Nf Nghdhs;.

KfL

jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

“tpyj;J gps;is ,dp ,e;jg; gf;fNk vl;bg;ghu;f;fhj gb mtDf;F ey;y ghlk; gbg;gpr;R mDg;g NtZk;” vd;W nfhz;Nl mtisf; iffshy; tpyj;j> mts; jpkpw> ,d;Dk; rw;W mjpfkha; iffspy; gyj;ijf; nfhLj;J mtis mg;Gwg;gLj;j vj;jdpj;jNghJ> tpuy; cau;j;jp rj;jnkshky; gy; neUkp> “ vd;idj; jhz;b mtdpy vtupd;u ifahtJ gl;LJ nfhd;DLtd;. vd;dpy vtdpz;l ifahtJ gl;LJ vd;u tPNl nfhd;DLk; cq;fis.” thu;j;ijfspy; neUg;Gj; njwpf;f mts; nrhd;dJ FbNghijapy; Mf;fpNuh\k; Vj;j> “vq;fisg;ghu;j;jh vjpu;j;Jf; fijf;fpwha; “ vd;w mtu;fspd; xw;iw thu;j;ijapy; FLk;gk; mjpu;e;jJ. mj;jid Neuk; mikjpaha; ,Ue;j gjtpj; jiyfSf;F ,g;NghJ MNtrk; te;jJ. gjtpf;Fk; me;j];j;Jf;Fk; cupa mlq;fpa mjpfhuf; Fuypy; “vq;fl gps;isapy thNah ifNah gl;LJ ahUk; Njitapy;iy ,q;Nf. mj;jid ngUk; ntspahy Nghapl NtZk; “ vd;w mjpfhuj; njhdp> mtu;fSf;F mtkhdKk; Mj;jpuKk; Vw;gLj;j me;j mg;ghtp kdpjd; kPJ ,d;Dk; fho;g;ghfp MNtrk; te;J gha;e;jhu;fs;. epkpu;e;J ghu;j;j ghu;itapd; cf;fpuj;jpy; mtu;fis xJf;fp tpl;L> tpOe;J fple;j me;j kdpjid Fdpe;J ifgpbj;Jj; J}f;fpdhs; mts;. rptNuhL rha;j;J ,Uj;jp “ ngupg;gh ehd; thwJf;F ,ilapy ,e;j Mspy; xU JUk;G tpOe;jhYk; vd;id ehisf;F tpba VjhtJ xU fpzj;Jf;if fple;J jhd; J}f;f Ntz;b ,Uf;Fk;. cq;fSf;F ey;yhNt njupAk; vd;id gw;wp” vd;W vr;rupf;if Nghy nrhy;yp tpl;L cs;Ns Nghdhs;. jhj;jhtpd; Nt\;b> jhj;jhtpd; \u;l; > jhj;jhtpd; rl;lkpl;l Gifg;glk; rpj;jpapd; KjYjtpg; ngl;bAld; jq;fSf;F nrhe;jkhd ,d;ndhU tPl;Lj; jpwg;ig vLj;Jf; nfhz;L ntspNa te;jhs;. “Fl;bk;kh vd;d ,J” mjpu;e;J nfhz;L ghl;b Xb te;jhs;. ghl;bapd; gpd; vy;NyhUk; te;jhu;fs;. “,J .... ,J..... ,J ek;k tPby;y. vd; jhj;jhtpd; rlq;Ffs; ,g;gpb elf;f Ntz;lhk;. xU grpr;rtDf;F NrhW Nghl;lhy; NghJk; mtu; Mj;kh rhe;jpailQ;rpLk;. ,e;j Fbfhuf; $l;lj;ij itr;R ePq;f xg;Gf;Ff; Fk;kp mbAq;Nfh ,e;jg; ghtk; jhj;jhitr; Nru Ntz;lhk; “ nrhd;d NghJ kdij cilj;Jf; nfhz;L fz;fs; nfhl;bd. NtW tPl;Lf; fpzj;jpy; Fspj;J > cilkhw;wp> rpd;djha; > jdpaha; xU ghy; rhjk; itj;J > mijj; jhj;jhtpd; glj;jpd; Kd; gilj;J > me;j kdpjDf;F tapwhu cz;zf; nfhLj;J> ifNahL $l;bf; nfhz;L Ngha; re;jpapy; ,Ue;j b];gd;rupapy; fhaq;fSf;Ff; fl;Lk; ij-khrp

a uhZtk; mjpu;e;J re;Njfkhfp Jg;ghf;fpia Fwpitj;J ,af;f ‘ lg;’ vd;w xU rpW rj;jj;Jld; gpd; kz;ilapy; g;sf; vd Fkpopaha; ,uj;jk; gha;e;J KJfpy; Nfhlha; topa tPjpapd; Xuj;jpy; rj;jkpy;yhky; rha;e;jhd;.

> fhr;ry; te;jhYk; NehTf;Fk; Nru;j;J khj;jpiufSk; thq;fp te;J> me;j kdpjid topaDg;gp itj;j NghJ me;j xU ehspNyNa mts; gyUf;F vjpupahfp tpl;bUe;jhs;. mjd; gpd; mts; mjpf fhyk; mq;fpUf;ftpy;iy. ehl;bd; Nghu; R+oy; Fwpj;j gaq;fs; fhuzkhf nrhe;j ehl;bNyNa gyiuAk; Nghy; mtSk; ghJfhg;ghd ,lk; Njbg; ngau;j;J elg;gl;lhs;. tho;e;j R+oypy; ,Ue;j neUf;fkpy;yhj gyu; gw;wpa epidTfisAk; kwe;J Nghdhs;. mg;gbj;jhd; me;j kdpjDk; gpd;dhl;fspy; epidTfspy; ,y;yhky; Nghdhd;. tho;f;ifapy; rpyUldhd njhlu;Gfs; G+u;t n[d;k ge;jk; Nghy. vq;Nf njhlq;fpNdhk; . vjw;fhfr; re;jpj;Njhk; vd;gJ Gupahj NghJk; fhyk; fhuzNk ,y;yhky; mtu;fis mbf;fb re;jpf;f itf;Fk; re;ju;g;gq;fis Vw;gLj;jp vNjh xU rk;gtj;jpy; KbTiu vOj Kad;W nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk; . mg;gb xU re;ju;g;gj;jpy; jhd; > Nghuhspfs; gJq;fp Ciu uhZtk; fl;bg;ghl;Lf;Fs; itj;jpUe;j xU fhyg;gFjpapy; mJ. xU rpW tpLKiw fhyj;jpy; gpbthjkhf mts; jd; CUf;F te;jpUe;jhs;. gyiuAk; Nghy mtSf;Fk; mtu;fs; ,y;yhj ,lj;jpy; ,uhZtj;jpd; elkhl;lk; gpbj;jpUf;ftpy;iy. vg;NghJ mtu;fs; kPz;Lk; ,dp ,q;Nf cyTthu;fs; vd;w Vf;fj;Jld; mtu;fs; ele;j ghij vq;Fk; epidTfshy; mse;J nfhz;L xU thu tpLKiwAk; Xbg; Nghf> jpUk;gg; Gwg;gLtjw;Fj; jahuhd mjpfhiyapy; me;j Kjy; Ntl;nlhyp Nfl;lJ. gpd;> nky;y nky;y mit gyj;J > cuj;J ntbf;f > vd;d Vnjd;W Gupahj me;j ,Us; tpyfhj tpbfhiyapy; gazj;ij jtpu;j;J tpl;L tPl;Lf;Fs; Klq;fpf; nfhz;lhs;. ,Us; gpupAk; Neuk; njhG njhG vd;w fdjpahd fhybfSld; mtu;fs; tupirahf tPl;bw;Fs; Eioe;jhu;fs;. gyKiwAk; gl;l mDgtq;fSk;> Nfs;tpg;gl;l fijfSk; ngz;fis Ntfkhf ntspNawp Kw;wj;jpy; te;J epw;f itj;jJ. mtu;fspd; nkhopapy; mtu;fs; ciuahbf; nfhz;bUe;jij mtjhdpj;jNghJ ,uNthL ,uthf Nghuhspfs; CUf;Fs; Eioe;J tpl;l re;Njfk; mtu;fSf;F ,Ue;jJ Gupe;jJ.

ij-khrp

gJq;fpatu;fs; jpUk;gg; gha tUk; NghJ vj;jid fhy ,ilntspapYk; epiyjsk;gp fl;rp khwhj tPLfis kl;LNk jQ;rkilthu;fs; vd;w jq;fspd; fzpg;gPl;by; xU Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpapd; xt;nthU tPjpapYk; xt;nthU tPl;ilf; Fwp itj;Jg; gJq;fpf; nfhz;lJ uhZtk;. tpbe;J Ntiyf;F> filj;njUTf;F vd;W tPjpapy; ,wq;fpa kdpju;fs; Fwpg;gpl;l tPLfisf; flf;Fk; Neuk; thry; fiuapy; cl;gf;fkhf gJq;fpapUe;J ‘tp\; tp\; ‘ vd;W thahy; xyp vOg;gp mtu;fs; jpUk;gpg;ghu;f;f Jg;ghf;fpiaf; fhl;b kpf yhtfkhf mKf;fp tPl;Lr; rpiwapy; Nghl;L tPl;il epug;gpf; nfhz;L NghuhspfSf;fhff; fhj;jpUf;f ....... me;j kdpjd; tPjpapy; my;yJ tpjpapd; ghijapy; ele;J te;jhd;. ..... ,Wfpg;Nghd > gOg;G epw ghwhq;fy;ypy; thu;j;j Fskhd rpiy fhy; capu;j;J ele;jJ Nghy tPl;ilf; fle;j NghJk; tp\; tp\; vd;whu;fs; me;j kdpjd; jpUk;gtpy;iy Nfhgkhdhu;fs;. fhf;fpr; rl;ilfs; kPJ fhyj;jhy; mspf;f Kbahj ntWg;gpUe;Jk;> jdf;fhf capu;r; rYiff;fhf $l mtu;fsplk; kz;bapl Kbahj jpkpu;g;gpUe;Jk; > me;j kdpjd; mtu;fspd; xypia rl;il nra;ahky; me;j ,lj;ijf; flf;Fk; NghJ Jg;ghf;fpapy; fpspf;fiu ,Oj;j rj;jj;jpy; mjpu;e;J> mOj;jpg; gpbj;j jhapd; fuq;fis cjwp tpl;L Xbte;J mtu;fs; Kd; epd;W if$g;gpa NghNj fz;zPu; te;jJ. jpf;fpj; jpf;fp me;j kdpjdpd; epiy nrhd;d NghJ mtu;fs; nfhQ;rk; ,uq;fpaJ NghypUe;jJ. mtd; tPl;L vy;iyia jh z;L Kd; mtrukhf ntspapy; ,wq;fp cs;Ns $l;b tu mDkjp je;jhu;fs;. mts; Xb > mtrukh mtd; ifgw;wp “ Ntypf;fiu vy;yhk; Mu;kp kiwQ;R ,Uf;F. ,Jf;F NkNy ele;jhy; Rl;bUthq;f. cs;Ns th “ vd;W mtruj;jpYk; gjl;lj;jpYk; ,jkhfr; nrhd;d NghJ Kjypy; mtis md;dpakhf Nehf;fp gpd; milahsk; fz;L “ Gs;s “ vd;W nts;se;jpah ‘< ‘ vd;W ,spr;R thrypy; gJq;fpg; gLj;jpUe;j uhZtj;ij rl;il nra;ahky; >mtis ek;gp rhjhuzkhf cs; Eioe;j kdpjd; > tPl;L tpwhe;ijapy; uhZtk; gpbj;J epiwj;jpUe;j kdpju;fisf; fz;lJk; jpLf;Fw;W jiyiaf; FYf;fpf; nfhz;lhd;. fz Neuj;Jf;Fs; fz;fspy; njupe;j mjpu;tpy; mtrukhf Neuj;jpy; vijNah Qhgfg; gLj;JtJ Nghd;w ghtid.

KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

a gl;nld iffis cjwpf;nfhz;L fz;kz; njupahj Ntfj;jpy; tPl;by; ,Ue;J ntspNawp tPjpapy; ,wq;fp Ntfkhf Xlj; njhlq;fpdhd;. uhZtk; mjpu;e;J re;Njfkhfp Jg;ghf;fpia Fwpitj;J ,af;f ‘ lg;’ vd;w xU rpW rj;jj;Jld; gpd; kz;ilapy; g;sf; vd Fkpopaha; ,uj;jk; gha;e;J KJfpy; Nfhlha; topa tPjpapd; Xuj;jpy; rj;jkpy;yhky; rha;e;jhd;. mts; Xykplj; jpwe;j thia mk;kh jd; iffshy; ,Wf;fp nghj;jp %b mizj;Jf; nfhz;lhu;. md;W khiy tiu uhZtk; vjpu;ghu;j;Jf; fhj;jpUe;j Nghuhspfs; tuhky; Nghf> me;jj; jfty; Cu;[pjg; gLj;jg;gl;l ngha;j;jftyhfp mtu;fs; ntspNawpg; Nghdgpd; mts; tPl;il tpl;L ntspNa te;jhs;. tPl;Lf;Fr; rw;Wj; js;spa Ntypf;fiuf; fhtpsha;g gw;iwf;F eLtpy; mehjutha; RUz;L fple;j me;j mg;ghtp kdpjidg; ghu;j;jhs;. ,uj;jk; ciwe;J tbtJ epd;W > rw;W epwk; kq;fp tpiwj;jpUe;jhd; . ,uj;jk; tbe;j Xuq;fspy; vWk;Gfs; Cu;e;J nfhz;bUe;jd. rpW ,iyahd;fSk; . kzp ,iyahDk; Rw;wpg; gwf;fj; njhlq;fpapUe;jd. nghq;fpf; nfhz;L mOif te;jJ. mtid ahUk; Njb tukhl;lhu;fs; vd;gJ Gupe;j NghNj ‘ahUkw;wtd;’ vd;w thu;j;ijf;F jhj;jh nrhy;yhky; tpl;Lg; Nghd mu;j;jk; Gupe;jJ. kdpju;fSf;Fs; tho;tjhy; ehk; vkf;fhd kdpju;fSld; tho;fpNwhk; vd;gJ mu;j;jkpy;iy. ,jak; njhl;L Nerpf;fhj tho;f;ifapy; vy;NyhUk; jdpj; jdpg; gpufpUjp vd;w njspT te;jJ. mUfpy;> maypy;> cwtpy; mtd; gw;wp nrhd;d NghJ ahUf;Fk; mJ Kf;fpakhdjhfTk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy mijtpl Mu;kp nfhd;w cliy vLj;Jg; Gijg;gJ Mgj;J vd;gNj mtu;fspd; Kf;fpa mwpTiuahf ,Ue;jJ. me;j kdpj cliyNa ghu;j;Jf; nfhz;L mirahJ epd;whs; mts; . nfhd;wJ uhZtk; jhdh vd;w Nfs;tp Mo; kdJf;Fs; ,Ue;J MNtrkhf neUg;ngupf;f> kdjpy; jhj;jhtpd; nryT ehs; te;J NghdJ. ,Nj tPl;bd; > ,Nj tpwhe;ijapy; > ,Njkhjpup md;Wk; mjpfkhff; $l;lk; $b ,Ue;jJ. mtd; te;J Foe;ij xd;iwf; $g;gpl;lhd;. tapw;iwj; jltp> grpiar; nrhy;yp xU gpb czT Nfl;f > Foe;ij cs;Ns Xbw;W. $l;lk; mtd; Nky; gha;e;jJ..... mtd; gae;J Xbdhd;. nfhd;wJ uhZtk; jhdh?

----------- Kw;Wk;-------(fijAk; ghj;jpuq;fSk; rk;gtq;fSk; vOjpa vd; fw;gidNa vd;gij ,j;jhy; cWjpg;gLj;JfpNwd; )

cr;rp Ntisapy; fpzw;iw vl;b ghu;f;f $lhJ vd;W nrhy;;tJ Vd;? cgNahf gLj;jhj fpzWfspy; er;R fhw;W cUthfp ,Uf;Fk;. cr;rp ntapy; Neuj;jpy; fpzw;wpy; R+upa xsp tpOk;. R+upa xspahy; ntg;gkile;j er;R fhw;W tpuptile;J NkNy tUk;. me;j Ntisapy; ehk; fpzw;iw vl;b ghu;j;jy; mt;thAthy; jhf;fg;gl;L fpzw;Wf;Fs; tpo tha;g;G mjpfk;.

KfL

jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

ij-khrp

ghYtpd;....

yz;ldpy; gps;isahh; ,uz;lhk; mj;jpahak; uapy;epiya

thriy gps;isahh; neUq;fpaNghJ mth; Njhisj; jl;b “tzf;fk; Njhoh;” vd xU Fuy; mioj;jJ.

vd;W miog;gijNa tpUk;gpdhh;.

,jidf;Nfl;L yz;ldpy; jd;id jkpopy; mJTk; Njhoh; vd;W miog;gJ ahuhf ,Uf;Fk; vd Mr;rupaj;Jld; jpUk;gpg; ghh;j;jhh; gps;isahh;;.

gyh; ,af;fq;fis tpl;L ntspehLfSf;F XbaNghJ mth;fis JNuhfpfs; vd;W Vrpa ,th; ,Wjpapy; jhNd ,ufrpakhf ntspehl;Lf;F XLthh; vd ahUk; vjph;ghh;f;fNtapy;iy.

“ X Njhoh; nydpdh? vd;dhy; ek;gKbatpy;iy” vd;whh; gps;isahh;.

mg;gbg;gl;l mtiu yz;ldpy; re;jpg;Ngd; vd gps;isahh; vjph;ghh;f;fNtapy;iy.

Njhoh; nydpd; VNjh ntspehL nrd;Wtpl;lhh; vd;W Cupy;; gps;isahh; Nfs;tpg;gl;bUe;jhh;. Mdhy; mtiu yz;ldpy; mJTk; uapy; epiyaj;jpy; re;jpg;Ngd; vd mth; vjph;ghh;f;fNtapy;iy.

mNj FWe;jhbAld; Mdhy; ifapy; gpah; upd;Dld; mtiug; ghh;j;jJ Mr;rupakhf ,Ue;jJ. gps;isahh; gpah;upd;idg; ghh;g;gijf; fz;lJk; “khh;f;]; ey;yha;f; Fbg;ghh;. khNrJq; ehY ngk;gpisfis fypahzk; nra;jpUf;fpwhh;. vdNt cz;ikahd fk;Adp];l; ey;yha; Fbf;f Ntz;Lk; ey;yha; ngz;fSld; mDgtpf;f Ntz;Lk;” vd;W jd; ifapy; ,Ue;j gpah; upd;Df;F gps;isahh; Nfl;fhkNy tpsf;fk; nfhLj;jhh; nydpd;.

Cupy; Njhoh; nydpd; ,af;fj;jpy; Nrh;e;j fhyj;jpy; rptg;Gr; rl;il Nghl;L rptg;G kl;il nfhz;l fk;Adp];l; Gj;jfq;fis nfhz;L jpupthh;. NgRk; NghJ vg;NghJk; fk;Adp];l; jiyth;fspd; Nkw;Nfhs;fis Rl;bf;fhl;b NgRthh;. Nkw;Nfhs;fis Rl;bf;fhl;Lk;NghJ vj;jidahtJ gf;fk; vd;Wkl;Lky;y vj;jidahtJ ge;jpapy; vj;jidahtJ tupapy; cs;sJ vd;Wk; $Wthh;. mth; ,t;thW $WtJ cz;ikahf ,Ug;gjpy;iy. Mdhy; mth; ,t;thW $wpaJk; vy;NyhUk; mre;JNgha; mtiu khh;f;rpaj;ijf; fiuj;Jf;Fbj;j xU Gyp vd;Nw vz;zpdhh;fs;. mtUila nrhe;jg;ngah; Ntwhf ,Ue;jNghJk; mth; rptg;Gr;rl;il Nghl;L nydpd; Nghy; FWe;jhb tpl;L jpupe;jjhy; mtiu Njhoh; nydpd; vd;Nw vy;NyhUk; mioj;jdh;. mtUk; jd;id vy;NyhUk; Njhoh; nydpd; ij-khrp

gps;isahUf;Fk;; xU gpah;upd;id ePl;b Fbf;Fk;gb tw;GWj;jpdhh;. gps;isahh; kWj;jJk; “khNr Jq; kf;fSld; Nrh;e;J cz;Zq;fs; cwq;Fq;fs; cioAq;fs; vd;whh;. vdNt yz;ldpy; nts;isf;fhud; Nghy; gg;Gf;Fr; nrd;W Fbf;f Ntz;Lk; b];Nfh Ml Ntz;Lk; $j;jbf;f Ntz;Lk; .mJjhd; cz;ikahd khh;f;rpak;” vd;W tpsf;fk; nfhLj;jhh;. yz;ld; te;J jdJ khh;f;rpa mwpit tsh;j;Jf;nfhs;tjpYk; ghh;f;f jhd; jz;zpabg;gij khh;f;rpaj;jpd; %yk; ,t;thW epahag;gLj;j ed;F fw;Wf;nfhz;Ls;shh; vd gps;isahh; vz;zpdhh;. NkYk; ,t;thwhdth;fspd; iffspy; ,Ug;gjhy;jhd; khh;f;rpak; ,d;dKk; nty;ytpy;iyNghYk;

KfL jkpo; ,yf;fpa ,isQu; Nguit

a vd;Wk; vz;zpdhh;. nydpd; fUj;Jf;fis Vw;Wf;nfhs;s KbahtpbDk; mtUld; fijg;gJ gps;isahUf;F nfhQ;rk; MWjyhf ,Ue;jJ. “rhg;gpl;Bh;fsh?” vd;W Nfl;Ltpl;L gps;isahhpd; gjpiyf;Nfl;fhkNy mtiu ,Oj;Jf;nfhz;L mUfpy; ,Ue;j kf;ndhlhy;f;Fr; nrd;whh; nydpd;. mq;Nf mth; thq;fpf;nfhLj;j rpf;fd;Ngfiur; rhg;gpl;Lf;nfhz;L mtupd; fijfis Nfl;L urpj;Jf;nfhz;bUe;jhh; gps;isahh;.. mg;NghJ “ntFtpiutpy; Gul;rp tug;NghfpwJ” vd;whh; Njhoh; nydpd;. fpwp];jt kjj;jpdh; ,NaR rPf;fpuk; tug;Nghfpwhh; vd;W me;jf;fhyk; Kjy; nrhy;ypf;nfhz;bUg;gJ Nghy; ,e;j khh;f;rpathjpfSk; Gul;rp tug;NghfpwJ vd;W nrhy;ypf;nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;fs; Mdhy; ,d;Dk; te;jghby;iy. vdNt ,jid vz;zp kdjpw;Fs; rpupj;jhh; gps;isahh;;. mg;NghJ nydpd; jpBnud gps;isahiug; ghh;j;J “ePh; ,q;F mfjpahf tu ahh; fhuzk; njupAkh?” vdf; Nfl;lhh;.

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