Seasons of Life
Memory Loss Care, Treatment, and Hope
By Linda Barnes
More than 6 million Americans, 65 and older, are living with Alzheimer’s disease. Women make up two thirds of those cases. Researchers are working tirelessly to find better treatments and, eventually, a cure for this progressive form of dementia. While they do, many families are struggling to meet the caregiving challenge. Dementia is a category of diseases that is often associated with memory, thinking, and behavior issues. Some forms are caused by brain injury or other diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, but Alzheimer’s is the most prevalent form of dementia. It is related to certain changes that have been identified within the brain. Early diagnosis is crucial because treatment varies depending on the specific form of dementia. Physical and neurological exams, mental status tests, laboratory tests, and imaging can help determine what may be causing memory and cognitive issues. Alzheimer’s has typically been more difficult to diagnose, but doctors have better testing now, including imaging such as brain amyloid PET scans. Symptoms may include memory problems, difficulty with familiar tasks, trouble speaking or writing, disorientation, poor personal hygiene, or mood changes. Judgment may decrease and social situations may be avoided. People may display an inability to solve problems. The progression may be relatively slow. If early to moderate stage Alzheimer’s is diagnosed, doctors can prescribe medications such as Aricept or Namenda that may help boost memory by maintaining a high level of neurotransmitters in the brain. In moderate to severe stages, other prescription
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meds are indicated. In addition, the doctor may prescribe antidepressants or other medications to help relieve related symptoms. Different stages of dementia require specific levels of support or care. During early stage, a care partner might help with remembering appointments, finances, transportation, managing meds, and recalling names or words. Moderate stages require a greater level of care. Difficulty expressing thoughts and performing routine tasks is common. Safety is a greater concern and it is no longer advisable to drive. Behavior may change and living alone may no longer be an option. Help with eating, dressing, and grooming is needed. Care partners may need assistance or regular breaks as the demands grow. A residential care setting may be considered. Late stage requires 24/7 care. Difficulty eating or swallowing is common. Assistance with walking and personal care is needed. Infections are concerning. Medications must be monitored. Needs often exceed what can be given at home. Explore residential care options carefully for the best solution. Residential memory care has many advantages, whether a stand-alone facility or a separate wing or floor of a long-term care facility. Either way, residents benefit from round-the-clock care
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