ГДЗ Англійська мова 9 клас Несвіт 2017

Lessons 1-2. Back to School

Introduction

1. Look at the photos and talk about them. What do they remind you of?

The picture A reminds me out a holiday at the seaside. Those days were wonderful, amazing and unforgettable. My holidays were exciting and full of joy. The weather was nice. The sun was shining brightly. The sky was cloudless and clear. We swam and bathed a lot in warm water of the sea. We played water games and dove. Sometimes we went boating or even sailing. It was pleasant and marvelous. I dream to visit the seaside again. The picture B reminds me out of a perfect holiday at the summer camp. It was a real fun. We slept in tents, sat by the fire with friends, cooked potatoes and sang songs to the guitar. I met a lot of new friends. We had a lot to do at the camp because it was exciting and thrilling. Every day we enjoyed something special — games, carnivals, competitions, performances. We had discos every night, but not too long. Being ‘at the summer camp gave me bright impressions, lots of funny photos and some new friends.

2. Listen and read the dialogue. Say why the pupils think this school year is different from those they’ve had before.

The pupils think this year is different from those ones they have had before because this year is an important stage to mature life. This year requires a serious approach to getting knowledge and improving previous skills and experience. This year is going to be complicated because the pupils should prepare for the first final exams. The pupils should pay much attention to self — study and attend optional courses. The pupils should be more hard-working to gain success and concentrate more on subjects they need for their future professions.

3. Read the statements. Use the information from the dialogue to comment on them.

1. I agree that this year at school is especial because it is the start to realize why you are studying at school and what tasks you need to solve to choose the way to your future life. This year might be different because you should prepare for the first exams in your life.

2. This year is going to be significant for you but you should combine your time of doing your homework and care about your leisure time activities. Be healthy and do the best to learn well is the most intelligent solution for the ninth former.

3. I quite agree with this statement that it is important to organize your own learning. You should plan to do more exercises in subjects you are not good to have good result in the end of the ninth form.

4. Everyone can become successful in all walks of life because only when you are a pupil of school you have opportunities to study well, to study subjects accurately and improve your knowledge.

6. Fill in the correct prepositions where they are necessary. Then make sentences with the phrases you get.

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1 to; 2 in; 3 at; 4 to take /do a test; 5 in; 6 to pass/to fail a test; 7 to be bored with/of; 8 to skip classes; 9 to get your exams.

(Example of sentences) 1. Did you go to school in Paris?

2. He is always interested in English.

3. My friend is bad at Maths but he is good at History.

4. All candidates have to take a test.

5. To be bored with something means to be tired and impatient because you do not think

something is interesting, or because you have nothing to do.

6. He skipped Chemistry class three times last month.

7. Put the names of the school facilities into the columns. Explain what they are used for. Say which of the facilities in the list you have or would like to have in your school. for study for sport for food for parties other a library

the Information Technology Classroom

a language laboratory

the Music Room

a science laboratory

a gymnasium

a football field

a swimming pool

a school canteen snack bar

a school assembly hall

the Art Studio the secretary’s office

A library is used to find out necessary magazines, newspapers, reference books, dictionaries, and books. A language laboratory is usually used to practice English and improve pronunciation. A school assembly hall is used to organize meetings, conferences, and thematic parties. The Art Studio is used for optional courses in Arts and have an art club for art lovers. The swimming pool is used for PE lessons and competitions in swimming and water polo.

8. a) Work in pairs. Choose the five most important characteristics of a good teacher and a good pupil and make a list of them.

a good teacher a good pupil

• to set high standards

• to use a lot of different materials and equipment

• to help the pupils to organize their own learning

• to try to help where it is possible

• to make lessons interesting

• to maintain discipline and order

• remain up-to-date

• to keep a contact with the parents

friends and teachers

• to share his/her views with the others

• to work hard

• to openly admit the mistake

9. Write about your plans for this school year. Use the words and word combinations from Ex. 4 and 6. The questions given below can help you.

My Plans For This School Year

This school year is very important for me because I have got a lot of tasks this year. First of all, I should study hard all the year round to pass my final exams successfully. Secondly, I should plan my daily routine carefully to use time effectively. It is necessary for me to organize my own learning attending optional courses, reading more additional literature and reference books. Thirdly, I should take responsibility for my self-study because my success depends on it.

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I want to add that I should be a good pupil. It means I should be hardworking all year round and always do my homework, read a lot and be ready to discuss different paragraphs and issues according to the programme. Speaking about my personal qualities it should be noted that I should be ambitious, emotionally stable and never lose temper, to be bright, quickwitted, cheerful and easy-going to be successful in learning. But I need to develop responsibility, reliability and readiness to help. In conclusion, I would like to say that lam satisfied with my school I study at because my school is equipped with all necessary facilities. The teachers in most subjects are talented, experienced, skillful and well-qualified.

Lessons 3–4. Basic Secondary Education in Ukraine

2. Read the text about the basic secondary education in Ukraine. Say why the ninth form is an important link in the educational system in Ukraine.

The ninth form is an important link in the educational system of Ukraine because the ninth formers get the Certificate of Basic Secondary Education. It is the last year of middle-school education and it means the pupils have had great experience in studying different subjects. The pupils become mature enough to choose their way in the future life.

4. Read and say if the statements are true or false.

1T, 2T, 3F. They study different subjects every year 4T, 5T, 6T.

5. Complete the sentences with the words from the Vocabulary File (see Ex. 3).

1) core subjects; 2) semesters; 3) a group; 4) the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine; 5) final exams, a final test; 6) evaluation.

6. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form and voice.

1) does ... include; 2) does the content of education Specify; 3) aren’t; 4) Is ... made; 5) has improved; 6) should ... do; 7) have you been studying; 8) Do ... take up; 9) Are ... informed.

7. Speak in class. Talk about the importance of the secondary school education. Do you think it should:

a) be practical (e.g. job training);

b) prepare you for the higher education;

c) help you to develop your own character and personality?

The secondary school education is very important and significant for every person in our country.

1) It should be practical and include job training and special practical subjects. 2) The secondary school prepares the pupils to higher education by means of a strict curriculum and certain optional courses. 3) The secondary school helps the pupils to develop their own character and personality by means of an individual approach in studying.

8. You are asked to write about your school experience. Write an article of about 100–120 words under the following title “My Studies at School”.

My School

I’d like to tell you about my school. It is school number 150, which is situated in 73 Svobody ave. My school is not new but it is modern and I like it. It has three floors. The classrooms are light and spacious. There are about 50 classrooms at school. There are some classrooms for different subjects, such as English, History, Physics, Mathematics, Chemistry, Geography, Biology and Literature.

There is a computer class in our school. We study computer science here. The computer class has the most modern equipment. We’ve also an assembly hall, which is situated on the first floor. Meetings, conferences, concerts, shows and all the celebrations take place here every year. Our school has a gym, a sports ground and a football field. There is a library and a medical room in our school. The school has a nice canteen where we can have delicious food.

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The pupils of my school study different subjects such as Ukrainian, Ukrainian Literature, Maths, Physics, History, Geography, English and others. I like English best of all. I am good at Maths and Physics, but am bad at Geography. I have six or seven lessons per day. The pupils of my school have to much homework every day. Many pupils of my school have extracurricular activities. They attend sport clubs and study circles with great pleasure. The teachers in our school are very professional, skilled and experienced. They try to give us

all their knowledge and awake our interest to their subjects and to self study. Besides the school subjects, our teachers tell us about everything, about different problems of our world, such as ecology, nature protection and climate changes. All the pupils of our school are friendly, cheerful, intelligent, clever, generous and helpful.

I am happy to study at my school. I like my school very much and I’m proud to be its pupil and I wouldn’t like to change anything in it.

Unit 1. My Magic Circle: Family and Friends Lessons

1–2. Discover Yourself!

2. a) Read the list of adjectives. Say if the following characteristics are “positive” (+), “negative” (–), or depend on the context (C). Consult the dictionary if necessary. Then write the adjectives in three columns. Can you add other adjectives to the list?

positive

shy, ambitious, angry, indifferent, nervous, aggressive, selfish, obstinate.

romantic, creative, relaxed, fun-loving, understanding, sensitive, determined.

Negative depend on the content brave, sociable, friendly, helpful, easy-going, courageous patient, tolerant, generous, sociable, intelligent, responsible, well-wishing, honest, easy-going, outgoing, inquisitive, decent.

b) Work in pairs. Discuss the results with your partner. Make sentences to illustrate your choice.

1) She is extremely intelligent because she finds it easy to learn things and has passed all her exams.

2) He always buys things for people. He is very generous.

3) My friend wants to get a top job one day. He is extremely ambitious.

4) My teacher is patient enough. He never shouts at us and will explain thing over and over again until we understand them.

5) She is so shy that she doesn’t like meeting strange people and usually feels nervous and uncomfortable at parties.

6) He is really selfish. He only ever thinks of himself.

3. Read the sentences given below. Find the adjective in Ex. 2 you think each sentence illustrates.

1) sociable/out-going; 2) intelligent; 3) ambitious; 4) brave/ courageous; 5) friendly/helpful; 6 obstinate.

4. a) Look at the photos. Talk about the children. How old are they? Where do you think they are from? Describe their appearance. What can you say about their character?

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This is a girl. Her name is Emily. She is from Great Britain. She is fifteen. She isn’t short, she is tall enough. She is very pretty and attractive. She has got long brown hair and an oval face. Her eyes are dark. She has got a straight nose and pink lips. She is an intelligent, cheerful, decent and out-going person. She is very patient, she never gets angry with her friends. She is very kind but she is very shy. This is a boy. His name is Brian. He is in Emily’s class at school. So he’s the same age as Emily. He is quite tall, about 1 m 65. He’s got short fair hair. His face is round. His eyes are dark brown. Brian has got a lot of good qualities. He is strong, brave and courageous. He’s very generous and friendly. He always gives money to charity and to their friends and he is always ready to help them. He only has two bad qualities. He’s quite lazy and he’s always late.

b) Read the essay. Who do you think has written it: Emily or Brian? What character traits does the author write about: positive or negative? Comment on your answer. I think it is Emily. The author writes about positive and negative traits of character t. On one side, the girl is a sociable responsible, helpful, and ambitious person. On the other side, she has some negative traits of character she would like to rid of. She is too moody, impatient and obstinate.

6. Read and choose the correct item to complete the sentences. 1b, 2c, 3а, 4c, 5a, 6b.

7. Work in small groups. Discuss the questions.

1) Yes, I do. The parents should treat their children as equals. Such parents’ behavior and attitude give them an opportunity to understand each other better. As the children understand their parents, they can trust them more secrets and respect their parents’ opinion.

2) Middle-aged people are irritated the following traits of character in teenagers. They are impatience, rudeness, aggression and dishonesty.

3) Morality and depression of middle-aged people teenagers find irritating.

4) Understanding, respect, common interests and hobbies, family traditions and customs can help build good relationships between the generations.

5) To my mind, I don’t need to change any traits of character in myself because I am a wellbrought person and my parents respect me and they can rely on me.

6) The teenagers aren’t given enough freedom while making their decisions because they are not experienced and in some cases they are uncertain or undetermined.

9. Speak in class. Talk about the way you choose your friends. What character traits do you consider as essential ones? What similarities and differences between you and your friend do you find?

I don’t have many friends. I have one close friend. When I choose a friend I consider that the person should be tolerant, intelligent, patient, friendly and sociable. These are the essential character traits. I prefer having a friend with common interests and similar traits of character. It doesn’t cause any problems in our relationship.

11. Write an essay “About Myself”. Describe your personality. Which of your natural abilities would you like to develop? Which negative character traits would you like to change in yourself?

Let me introduce myself. My name is Mykola Lysenko. I am a pupil of the ninth form. First of all, I would like to tell you about my appearance. I am not very tall but I have a strong and attractive body. I want to add that I have white curly hair and dark-blue eyes. My face is oval and I have a turned-up nose. I think that inner beauty is more important than physical one.

I consider I can say that I am a generous, friendly and patient person. I am an out-going and sociable person and I like to communicate a lot. These natural abilities of my character I would like to develop.

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However, I have some negative character traits. I am a lazy person and I am not hardworking enough. These character traits I would like to change in myself. In conclusion I would like to say that positive and negative character traits form a personality. And only the person with strong personal traits can be individual and grow up a real personality.

Lessons 3–4. Fashion Identity

8. You’ve met one of the people in the photos. Write a list of questions (no less than 7) which you would like to ask him/her.

Picture 3. A young boy. I have met a young boy.

1) Where is he from? 2) What is his age? (How old is he?) 3) What is his profession? 4) What is he like? 5) What is his hairstyle? Has he changed it? 6) What is he wearing? Is he wearing casual clothes?

Lessons 5–6. Hairstyle: Sophisticated? Smart? Extreme? … Cool!

1. b) Look at the the photos of hairstyles and say what you think of them. Use the phrases:

Look at the photo A. It’s great! She looks cool! Her appearance is pretty. Her parents like her hairstyle. She has had beautiful French braids.

Look at the photo B. I think it’s awful to have a strange haircut. I’d never do it!

c) Look and match the photos (A–D) to the names (1–4).

1a, 2c, 3b, 4d.

2. Read what the teens think about their hairstyles and match them to the photos (A–D) of Ex. 1c.

1d; 2c; 3b; 4a.

3. Read and say if the statements are true or false.

1False; 2True; 3True; 4True; 5True; 6True; 7False.

4. a) Listen to the professional talking about different hairstyles. Say why the hairstyles change from time to time.

First of all, having a good haircut can do much to improve the person’s mood and confidence. If you are confident and you are in a good mood ,you can be successful and succeed in many jobs you try to do. You are attractive, good-looking and pretty. But the people have different opinions what kind or type of haircut may be classic. It is also can be different to identify the stylish haircut because the professional hairdressers have different point of view. I am sure that hairstyles are changing nowadays. They require hair fashion and the person looks stylish. In some cases hairstyle can impress the inner feelings of the person. However, most people choose suitable hairstyle which corresponds their appearance, type of a job and living conditions. It is also depends on the country where the person lives, the climatic conditions and living standards.

b) Listen to the text again and complete it with the words from the box given below.

1) hairstyle; 2) invention; 3) stylists; 4) unique; 5) colours; 6) involved; 7) machinery; 8) disappear; 9) pigtail; 10) safety; 11) attractiveness; 12) youth.

5. Look through the text of Ex. 4b. Find the synonyms for these words and expressions. Write them in your exercise book.

1) re-invention;

2) natural growths of the decade;

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3) amateur;

4) keep as a variation;

5) artificial attachment;

6) extreme.

6. Work in groups. Discuss the questions with your friends. Different hairstyles are popular among the teenagers in our country today. In general, the teenagers have such hairstyle which their parents have chosen for them. I mean they usually

have classical style as a rule. Some hair styles have been existing for years and haven’t become old-fashioned. But there are some individuals who prefer being different and that’s why they often change their haircut, they can have colourful hair. The colour of hair can be different and may be changed once a year. They worry about staying in fashion with their hairstyle.

I should warn the teenagers no matter your chosen haircut or style, be realistic with your styling expectations before making the haircut.

8. Write about your friend. Describe his/her appearance and personality. Let me introduce my friend Victor. He is sixteen and he studies at my school. His parents are office-workers. He is only a child in the family. He is a good pupil at school. He is interested in Chemistry and Biology and he dreams to enter the Medical University after leaving school. I know these subjects are very important for his future profession. He is a very intelligent, hard-working, cute and ambitious person. He studies a lot but when he is free we try to spend our time together. We meet and talk, dance and laugh, listen to modern music and do everything what is interesting for a teenager. We attend a sport club next to our house and go in for football. We sometimes play table tennis. Victor is a faithful friend and he is always ready to help everybody who needs. I’m happy to have such a good friend as Victor.

Lessons 7–8. Young People Today

1. a) Look at the pictures (A–F) on p. 28 and match them to the word combinations (1–6) given below.

1c; 2e; 3f; 4b; 5a; 6d.

2. Read the dialogue given below. Which four of the activities in Ex. 1 are mentioned in it?

A, C, D, E are mentioned in the dialogue.

3. Read and say if the statements are true or false. 1False; 2True; 3True; 4True; 5True; 6False.

7. Read and complete the sentences. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form and voice.

1) is also associated; 2) wear; 3) must be done; 4) is known; 5. getting; 6) includes; 7) make; 8) is improvised; 9) has just been improved; 10) is.

Lessons 9–10. Writing an Autobiography

1. Look at the photo. What can you say about Erika’s character and appearance? What kind of a person do you think she is? What is she interested in? What kind of family does she live in? Where does she study?

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Erika is a pretty girl of fifteen. She is a kind, cheerful, sociable, and intelligent person. She is not short she is tall enough. She is well-built. She has got an oval face. Her hair is short and dark. (She has got short straight dark hair.) Her eyes are big and brown. Her cheeks are rosy. She has got a big mouth with white teeth. She has got a lot of friends. She is interested in travelling. She prefers camping with a group of her classmates. She is very sporty and active person. She is fond of swimming. She has got a friendly family. She is keen on Literature, English, and History. She is good at English. She studies at the university.

2. Listen to Erika Baker talking about herself. Choose the correct item to complete the sentences.

1. June 15, 1994;

2. her father, mum, brother, and Aunt Molly;

3. Booker High;

4. a couple of certificates for;

5. a few close friends;

6. be still living in Florida.

6. You are going to the UK for two weeks in the summer to study at a language school. While you are there, you will be staying with an English family. Write your autobiography to help the school administration board find you the family you’d feel comfortable with.

a) Before you write, answer these questions.

1) My autobiography will be formal.

2) It will consist of three paragraphs.

3) They are going to be about personal facts of the life (date and birthplace, place of residence, etc.)

4) You need to include detailed information about yourself.

5) In conclusion you are going to inform about your interests and hobbies, preferences and eating habits.

(A letter to a language school in the UK)

Dear Sir/Madam, I feel very excited while writing you this letter. Let me introduce myself. My name is Ivan Stolyarenko. I am fifteen years old and I am from Ukraine. I have a family and I am attending the ninth form of the secondary school.»

Your language school is one of those I am most interested in. I would like to improve my speaking skills, grammar and vocabulary.

I hope you will accept my request. I would greatly appreciate some information about .the types and conditions for a scholarship. I am looking forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely, Ivan.

Lesson 11. A Youth Organization

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3. Read the “Scout Laws” of the Ukrainian Scouts. Say which character traits the young scouts must develop in themselves. The young scouts must develop the following character traits in themselves. They shouldn’t lie, they should be honest. They should be responsible for the duties at the camp. Every member of the scouts should be a person wishing to do what is right especially to do any work or duty well and thoroughly. They should come on proper time and never be late. They should be sparing or economical with regard to money or food. They should behave according to what is morally right and fair. They should behave kind and pleasant with each other. They should give or be ready to give help the person she or he needs. They should train the campers to obey rules or a code of behavior.

Lesson 12. Test Your Skills

1. You are going to listen to six people talking in different situations. For questions (1–6) choose and write the letter of the correct answer in your exercise book. There is always one correct answer. An example (0) has been given. Listening, 1c, 2c, 3a, 4c, 5b, 6d.

3. Read and complete the sentences.

1. to achieve your aim; 2. better than the real world does; 3. you are responsible; 4. show up;

5. parents; 6. yourself; 7. you can.

5. You’ve found the following letter on the Internet, and you decide to respond. Dear Kathleen! I have found your letter on the Internet and decided to write to you. My name is Olena. I am fifteen and I am from Ukraine. I am also interested in a Scouting movement and would like to share my thoughts with you with great pleasure.

First, there are some words about my appearance. I am tall. I have got long straight brown hair, a small nose and big brown eyes. I am an easygoing, reliable’, responsible, cheerful and friendly person. It seems to me that I am shy enough to get acquaintance with strange people but I like write letters. I am fond of reading books and playing computer games. In my free time I go n for basketball or tennis. I am keen on classical music because I play the piano. And what about you?

I am looking forward to hearing from you. Best wishes, Olena.

Unit 2. Nature Magic: Web of Life

Lessons 1–2. This Is Our Earth

4. Read the article and say what environmental problems people are concerned about. The people on our planet are concerned about the problems which endanger their lives, about pollution in its many forms, about litter or noise where they live, or lack of trees or grass. They might be concerned about the changing climate around the world, the destruction of wildlife and countryside beauty and the shortage of natural resources.

6. Look through the text of Ex. 4 again and complete the sentences.

1. simply what is around us;

2. is the area around our home or our school;

3. the whole world — all the cities, countryside, forests, seas and the air that we breathe;

4. all living and non-living things that occur on earth;

5. with the built environment which influenced by man strongly;

6. litter or noise where we live, or lack of trees or grass.

7. Find the words in the text of Ex. 4 to match these definitions.

1) environment; 2) to refer to; 3) to comprise; 4) concern; 5. destruction; 6) wildlife; 7) shortage; 8) natural resources.

8. Find the words in the text of Ex. 4 to match these definitions.

1) pollution; 2) natural resources; 3) comprises; 4) shortage; 5) concern; 6) destruction; 7) refers; 8) Pollution.

11. Write a few sentences about the place where you live. Do people respect the environment there? Are there any environmental problems there?

As far as I know the people respect the environment in the place where I live. They try to plant trees next to their buildings and houses. They keep the area clean. They put waste in certain place. Water shortage is one of the typical environmental problems for the people of my district. But the people try to save water they install water meters in their flats.

Lessons 3–4. Welcome to Ascania-Nova

2. The article you are going to read contains the names of several different animals and plants. Look through the article quickly and find all the different plants and animals and

make a list.

foxes; hares; deer; squirrel;s snakes; ostriches; emu; swans; cranes.

3. You are going to read an article about the Ascania-Nova Nature Reserve. Choose the most suitable heading from the list (A–F) for each part of the article (1–4). There is one extra heading which you don’t need to use. There is an example (0) at the beginning. 1b; 2f; 3e; 4a.

5. Find and read a word or a phrase in the article that has a similar meaning to each of the following words and phrases.

1) rare; 2) area; 3) species; 4) a shelter; 5) research; 6) spread over.

6. Read the text of Ex. 3 and choose the correct item to complete the sentences. 1a; 2c; 3c; 4a; 5c; 6b.

10. These phrases appeared in the article on pp. 45–46. Without looking back, write down all possible relative pronouns. Put a dash (–) if the relative pronoun can be left out. Then check your answers by looking back at the article.

1) which; 2) to what; 3) where; 4) which; 5) which; 6) ; 7) 8) ; 9) which.

13. Read and complete the text with the correct relative pronouns: which (x2), who, where, that (x2). Decide and circle D (defining relative clause) or ND (non-defining relative clause).

1) which; 2) where; 3) where; 4) who; 5) that; 6) which; 7) that; 8) where.

Lessons 5-6. National Parks of the UK

1 a) Work in pairs. Write a few questions to ask your friends about the protection of nature. Start them with: What...? Where...? Why...? How...?

1) What do the people do to save environment?

2) Where will the animals live if the forests die?

3) Why is it dangerous to destroy forests?

4) How can the people save our planet?

4. You are going to read a magazine article about the Snowdonia* National Park. Four paragraphs have been removed from the article. Choose from the paragraphs (A–D) the one which fits each gap (1–4). There is an example (0) at the beginning.

1B, 2D, 3C, 4A.

5. Read and say if the statements are true or false.

1T, 2F, 3F, 4T, 5F, 6T.

Lesson 7. National Parks Around the World

1. You’ve been asked to produce an information leaflet about one of the National Parks around the world. Work in groups. Find information about it. What species of animals and plants are protected there?

Leaflet

National Parks Around the World.

Galapagos Marine Reserve In Ecuador.

The Galapagos Marine Reserve is the second largest marine reserve in the world with its 133,000 square kilometres. You can find more than 2.900 marine species in the reserve like whales, sea lions, whales, dolphins, penguins, cormorants and albatrosses.

Lesson 8. Test Your Skills

6. The Romantic poets such as G. Byron, S. Coleridge and W. Wordsworth wrote about the majestic beauty of the wild countryside. Wordsworth called the Lake District as “a sort of national property, in which every man has ... a heart to enjoy”. Do you agree with him? Look

at the photos and write a few sentences about the Lake District. The Lake District is a natural miracle. When you go along these beautiful lakes you can imagine how splendid view it is. You can enjoy and admire their beauty because the nature has combined the water and the greenery of the nature. And it is marvelous.

Unit 3. Environment and Greener Living Lessons 1–2. Environmental Protection

5. Find a word or a phrase in the paragraphs that has the opposite meaning to each of these words and phrases. Read the sentences with them.

1) end/clear up; 2) clean; 3) the urban development; 4) to end up; 5) to cut something down.

6. Listen to the children talking about environmental problems. Complete the sentences.

1. past industrial activities.

2. waste and rubbish.

3. major concern.

4. a lack of care over industrial and waste management.

5. stop destroying the world protect.

7. Read and act out the dialogue. Add examples from your personal life experience. (suggested answers)

Ivan: You know people throw away millions of tons of rubbish every year. I think now, we haven’t got enough places to put it. If we don’t do something soon, rubbish will be everywhere — on the ground, in the sea and perhaps in space.

Olenka: The problem with rubbish is that it is ugly and it smells bad. It can also harm people, animals, plants and trees. Some things we throw away in our rubbish bins can poison our soil, water and air.

Ivan: We can do a lot to help save our environment. We can recycle many things like newspapers, magazines, journals and wrapped paper. We can also use some rubbish such as vegetable or fruit peelings to make compost. If we all try to do the best to save our planet, the amount of rubbish will reduce.

9. In recent decades we have become more aware of all the problems that humans have created for the Earth. Acid rains, the greenhouse effect, the destruction of the ozone layer and deforestation are only some of them. Write about a recent event that has caused environmental damage. Have a look through newspapers or use the Internet if you have access to it. You can work as a group to produce a wall display of recent events while you are studying this unit. I would like to tell you about the Chernobyl disaster. It was a nuclear reactor accident in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine in 1986. It is considered to be the worst nuclear power plant disaster in history and the only level 7instance on the International Nuclear Event Scale. The explosion was dangerous because nuclear power technology produces materials that are active in emitting radiation and are therefore called ‘radioactive’.

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Chernobyl explosion damaged the environment around badly. Fallout levels were very high right around explosion and affected all wildlife. The forest right by the plant was named ‘red forest’ because plants changed colour after explosion and the trees also died from the amount of radiation they had received. The Chernobyl catastrophe cause many other problems. Farmers had to watch the radiation level in milk. Fish couldn’t be eaten, as water absorbed radiation and fats concentrated it. Radioactive floods started every spring. Economy around the Chernobyl explosion suffered too. Crops were destroyed, livestock was killed, everywhere was radiation. It was lost 1/5 farming lands and 350 industries were lost due to

the disaster. The government took care of the people living there. Over 235 billion dollars has been spent to clean up the disaster and between 300,000 and 600,000 people were brought in to clean-up area.

Lesson 3. What is Fly-tipping?

1. When you throw something away, it can stay in the ground for a long time. A glass bottle stays in the ground for a million years. Do you think about this when you throw things away?

Work in pairs. Read and match the parts (1–5) with the parts (a–e). 1b; 2d; 3a; 4e; 5c.

5. Look through the text again and complete the statements.

1) the illegal dumping of rubbish;

2) significant amounts of money to clean the rubbish away;

3) fly-tipping;

4) waste disposal sites;

5) it may contain broken glass, toxic chemicals or other hazardous substances;

6) they will take necessary measures.

7. Write about the place where you live. What do you do to protect the environment? (suggested essay)

How do we protect the environment we live To start with, it should be noted that there are some environment issues in our country and our city nowadays. I suppose, that the most typical problems for the world are global warming, air, land and water pollution. For example, the people pollute the environment themselves. The factories and plants emit harmful gases and chemicals and it causes the greenhouse effect and acid rains. Besides, the forests are disappearing because they are cut down or burnt by a man. The birds, animals and plants suffer from that and there are instinct and endangered species. What is more, the rivers are filled with poisonous industrial wastes and pesticides and it leads to the lack of water. There is a long list of environmental problems connecting with our country and our city which need to be solved. Furthermore, we must save our environment because it is our home. I think, my classmates and I are friendly to the environment. We try to plant mew trees and clean the area around our school, to pick up litter and burn it. We never throw our waste into the rivers or on the ground. In addition, I should say that the government of our country and the authorities of our city should start to recycle waste more effectively. It should be reduced more harmful factories because they pollute air and water. They should set purifying systems to protect rivers from spoilt water. In conclusion, I would like to say that we try to do the best to avoid the disaster threatens the natural world. We should join and support as soon as possible various international organizations and ‘green’ parties to save our city and our country from environmental catastrophe. If everybody cares, it would make difference.

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Lessons 4–5. It’s Up to People!

3. b) Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.

1) Almost three-quarters of the land in England and Wales is used for food production.

2) This figure is falling gradually at the moment.

3) The varied geology and climate across England and Wales influence the soils and vegetation.

4) The last regular land cover survey of Great Britain showed that in England and Wales

% covered by grassland and 33 % tilled for crops.

5) Urban development can effect the biological and physical properties of soil. It can limit its future uses because of building more and more buildings on the agricultural land.

6) Some measures were taken by the responsible authorities to reduce impact of farming on the environment.

4. Match the words (1–8) with their definitions (a–h).

1d; 2f; 3a; 4g; 5b; 6h; 7c; 8e.

5. Complete the sentences with the words from Ex. 4.

1) wildlife; 2) habitat; 3) vegetation; 4) reduce; 5) property; 6. environment; 7) predict; 8) farmland.

6. Read and say if the statements are true or false. Correct the false ones.

1T; 2T; 3F; 4T; 5F; 6T.

7. a) Listen to the dialogue between Steve and Tom. Read the list and say what things they have mentioned in the discussion.

b) Say whose point of view you support. Explain why. Steve has mentioned a new road, expensive properties and a new supermarket. Tom has mentioned farmland and a wildlife.

9. Change the sentences from the Active Voice into the Passive Voice.

1. This waterfall is always admired by holidaymakers.

2. The beauty of the Ukrainian Carpathians was discovered by Dan last year.

3. An article about the thriving wildlife of the UK will be written by the journalist.

4. The environmental problems are being discussed by the pupils.

5. The physical properties of soil has been influenced the development of industry in this area.

6. Are the habitats being lost by more and more animals from year to year?

Lessons 6–7. SOS: Endangered Species!

1. b) Listen to the environmentalist talking about the endangered species of animals and complete the sentences.

1) a species whose population is so small that it is in danger of becoming extinct;

2) protection to these species (forbidding, banning their habitats from development) to prevent this;

3) an indicator of the likelihood of the endangered species continuing to survive;

4) assessing the conservation status of species.

2. Work in small groups. Discuss the questions.

1) Animal protection is very important nowadays because the animals need to be cared about and many animal species are in danger of extinction.

2) Different factors threaten' their existence. First of all, it is a habitat destruction and fragmentation. Then, for the animals is very dangerous a national and international hunt and trade. And environment pollution is also influences their extinction.

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3) I can give an example of list endangered animals. They are an African wild dog, an Amur leopard, an Asian elephant, a Blue whale, a Black rhino, an orangutan, a giant panda, a Galbpagos sea lion, a Galbpagos penguin and many others.

4) I believe that it will be better for endangered species of animals to be bred up in the wild but at the same time the people should take care of them.

5) In some cases there are convenient zoos and it is a very comfortable place for the animals to live. But I know many zoos which look like a prison for animals. It is not enough place to

have spacious enclosures to keep animals free and they can’t move or play and the conditions are not natural for their adaption. And the animals suffer there.

6) I am sure that the most popular pet nowadays is a dog.

7) There are some organizations throughout the world, which try to save the animals for future. They are International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW), Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, Defenders of Wildlife and many others.

3. Work in groups. You are going to read the children’s letters to the editor of a youth magazine. What endangered species of animals do the children write about?

The children have written about a orangutan and a tiger.

4. Read and say if the statements are true or false. 1T; 2T; 3T; 4F; 5F.

5. Look at the pictures and match them with the words. Which of these animals would you most like to save?

a — a sea lion; b — a kiwi; c — polar bear; d — a panda; e — a kangaroo; f — a sea cow; g — an African elephant; h — a giant turtle.

I would like to save African elephants most of all because it is biggest and strongest pure vegetarian wild animal which lives in forest. It is grey in colour. Generally elephant is a peaceful animal. But sometimes it gets angry and becomes danger to humans. When it becomes angry, it can destroy everything and may kill the people. Children like the elephant very much in the comparison of other wild animals. Even it has funny and strange body. It is a four-footed animal which has two small eyes, big ears like a fan, huge body, big stomach, a mouth with a long trunk and a small tail. His legs are very strong which looks like strong pillars. His body skin is very thick and rough. Its thick skin protect from the thorns. It has two very beautiful white tusks. It eats green leaves, grasses, bushes, small plants, tree barks, fruit, sugarcane, roots, etc. Its trunk plays important role in feeding and drinking water.

8. Write a letter to a newspaper about saving one of the endangered species of animals in the place where you live or about the one from Ex. 5. Use the information on pp. 284–285. I would like to tell you about saving one of the endangered species from the photo. It is a bison. Today human intolerance prevents bison from regaining their native habitat, and only a very small number of genetically pure wild bison are allowed to exist in small, select areas. Some efforts to stop the slaughter of wild bison and restore them to more places across there should be done. The ecologists also work to educate the public about the important role that bison plays in forest ecosystems. The government and nature lovers should take some measures to protect threatened and endangered species of bison for generations to come. Scientists tell us the best way to protect endangered species of bison is to protect the special places where they live. Wildlife must have places to find food, shelter and raise their young.

Unit 4. Science Magic

Lessons 1–2. Technology Affects Our Life!

2. b) Listen and check your answers.

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1. Science

2. Technology

c) knowledge and theories about the world which are based on facts, experiments and research;

a) the use of scientific knowledge and discoveries to develop new machines and systems;

3. Engineering

4. An invention

b) the activity of designing and building roads, bridges, machines, etc.;

d) when something brings progress and makes it po ssible for people to do the things that they couldn’t do before;

5. A discovery

6. A technological/scientific/medical advance

f) a new product, machine, system, etc., which someone has thought of for the first time;

g) a fact or thing that someone has found out about, which was not known about before.

7. High-tech e) using the latest technology;

3. Complete the sentences with the words from Ex. 2.

1. Medical science help people to live much longer.

2. The invention of the computer has revolutionized the business world.

3. Many scientists don’t consider that technology can give absolutely reliable knowledge.

4. The telescope has allowed astronomers to make discovery about the Galaxy.

5. New communication hi-tech have transformed the business world.

6. He must study engineering if he wants to be involved in designing new bridges and machines.

6. Read the paragraphs (A–G), find the key words that can help you make a choice and match the paragraphs to the pictures of Ex. 1 on p. 93. Add the information you know.

a1; b2; c8; d9; e4; f6; g10.

7. Read and say if the statements are true or false. Support your answers with the examples.

1. The paragraphs tell the readers about the inventions made in the 19th and 20th centuries. TRUE

2. The paragraphs tell the readers about the inventions made in different branches of science. TRUE

3. The inventions described above were made by both men and women. TRUE

4. There is one invention in the list which is out-of-date today. FALSE

5. The paragraphs tell the readers about the inventions made in the European countries. FALSE

6. Nowadays we can’t imagine our life without the inventions mentioned above. TRUE

9. Read, complete and write the text with the words from the word bank.

1) technology;

2) effect;

3) devices;

4) the cleaning;

5) the washing;

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6) electricity;

7) natural resources;

8) the environment;

9) communicate; 10) change;

11) skills;

12) technological advances.

Lessons 3–4. Keep In Touch!

3. You are going to read an article about mobile phones. Choose the most suitable heading from the list (A–F) for each part of the article (1–4). There is one extra heading which you don’t need to use. There is the example (0) at the beginning.

1c; 2f; 3a; 4d; 5b.

5. Find a word or phrase in the article that has a similar meaning to each of these words and phrases. Read the sentences with them.

1) cell phone; 2) configuration; 3) display; 4) to communicate; 5. to invent; 6) to own; 7) to show; 8) Device.

6. Read the text of Ex. 3 and choose the correct item to complete the sentences.

1. The invention of a mobile phone is credited to Dr Martin Cooper at b) Motorola .

2. A mobile phone allows you more range and allows you to communicate much further from virtually anywhere c) in the city, country, or world

3. New fashions, new technology, more features, cheaper cost, better performance keep the market place filled with a) plenty of choices.

4. The mobile phone b) has radically changed the world since its introduction in 1973.

5. The mobile phone is just c) the next extension of the previously developed technology.

6. The mobile phone was developed from b) a telephone and a radio.

7. a) Work in pairs. Read and complete the telephone conversations. Use the necessary words and phrases from the box on p. 100. Then listen and check your answers.

1) 1. Hello; 2. in; 3. name; 4. same summer school; 5. told; 6. say; 7. if you could help me?

2) 8. speaking; 9. in; 10. to leave a message; 11. I called; 12. Good talking to you.

3) 13. Hello; 14. talk to Steve, please; 15. the wrong number.

9. Many people think that mobile phones aren’t really important tools for teenagers; they are just expensive “toys” that teenagers use for fun and nothing more. What do you think?

Write an article to a school newspaper in which you express your point of view on the subject. Use the following questions as a plan:

• Do you have a mobile phone or would you like to have one?

• When and why do you use (are going to use) your mobile phone?

• What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a mobile phone?

Mobile Phones: Are They Expensive Toys?

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Mobile phone is an important and significant invention of the modern world. It is a good technology which is not lacking from our lives. I think that mobile phone is really important thing for a teenager because it is very convenient. As for me, I have a mobile phone and I use it a lot. It is very necessary and useful thing for me. I don’t agree that mobile phones are just expensive ‘toys’ that teenagers use for fun and nothing more. By means of a mobile phone I can communicate to my family and my friends no matter what or where I am. For instance, I can contact easily to my friends by calling or sending messages everywhere without electricity. In general, I would like to say that these days mobile phone has become the most essential instrument for communication and it is maybe the main reason why almost all people today choose to own a mobile phone. It is obvious that mobile phones assist you in business a lot, such as, make schedule of working, surf the Internet, and keep in touch with their companies. Moreover, you can relax with mobile phone’s applications, for example, play games, listen to music, or chat with your friends.

On the other hand, there are also disadvantages. Using a lot mobile phone can harm your brain, particularly teenager and children who are under 16 years old. If you use mobile

phones too much, you will get bad effects like dizzy, blood-brain barrier, or ears problems. In addition, when you use mobile phones while you are driving, you will get an accident. It is essential not good for you and others.

In conclusion, I would like to say that mobile phone is a very useful and important device. It helps us in various ways. All we need to do is to use this device smartly and wisely. We should remember that it is mainly a device with purpose of communication, but that does not mean that we keep on wasting hours on chatting or through messaging.

Lessons 5–6. Is Life Possible Without Computers?

1. Look at the advertisement on p. 103. Find the key words and answer the question s.

1. It is a Youth&Technology exhibition.

2. The newest products on the market today — computer software programmes, mobile telephones, educational services, security systems, robots and much more are being advertised there.

3. It is good to visit the exhibition because the exhibition acquire the latest knowledge about the issues and products.

4. It lasts for three days.

5. Everyone interested is invited to this exhibition.

6. You have to sign up for the conference.

3. a) Listen and complete the interviews with the words from Ex. 2.

1) «chat»; 2) share hobbies and interests; 3) computer; 4) the Internet; 5) find information; 6) find; 7) join; 8) e-mails; 9) download; 10. shopping, 11) design.

5. Read and match the abbreviations with their meanings.

1) ua; 2) net; 3) gov; 4) org; 5) edu; 6) com; 7) uk; 8) ru.

Lessons 7–8. Working on the Computer

1. Look, read and match the pictures (1–10) to the words in the box on p. 107.

1) speakers; 2) monitor) 3) hardware; 4) modem; 5) MP3 player; 6. a mouse mat; 7) a mouse; 8) floppy disc; 9) CD disc; 10) Keyboard.

2. Listen to Paul talking with his father. Choose the correct item to answer the questions. 1a; 2c; 3c; 4c.

3. Match the icons given below with the words from the box.

1) new; 2) printpreview; 3) ope; 4) save; 5) print; 6) cut; 7) paste; 8) undo; 9) redo; 10) bullets; 11) spell/grammar check; 12) bold; 13) italics; 14) underline; 15) copy.

4. Complete the sentences with the correct verb from the box.

1) enter; click; 2) send; 3) download; 4) take; 5) enter.

5. Read the email message and answer the questions. Then turn the reported instructions into the Direct Speech.

1. Jane sent the message. 2. It is about school party preparations. 3. No, they aren’t. (Direct

Speech)

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1) Do we have enough prizes for the competitions?

2) Do you buy a few cards to write invitations for our school guests?

3) Will you have finished the decorating of the school assembly hall by next Friday?

6. Read the information about writing emails and match the paragraphs (1–7) with their titles (A–G).

1c; 2f; 3d; 4a; 5e; 6b; 7g.

7a. Choose one of the topics for your email from those which are given below. Discuss all the steps you have to follow while writing it. Then work in pairs and write the emails.

(Suggested e-mail)

1) Dear Ivanl I am going to write about a computer addiction of the teenagers in my issue of a school newspaper. How can you describe this subject? I would like to get some recommendations.

Best wishes, Oles.

2) Dear Ivan, I’m writing to invite you to visit my cottage house for a couple of days. My friend from London is coming in July. We can come and swim, go fishing or boating in the nearby river. Then I plan to go to Kyiv with him where he can get acquainted with lots of sights of interest in Kyiv such as Kyiv-Pecherska Lavra, St. Sophia Cathedral, St. Andrew Church and others. I expect join us. I’m looking forward to hearing from you.

Best wishes, Oles.

3) Dear Oles, I am writing to tell you about the plan of the presentation of the project «Life in the Future» I have made. First, I would like to write about the appearance of the people and clothes they will wear and food they will eat. Then, I would like to write about lifestyle they will lead, the houses they will live and the transport they will use. Write me soon about your point of view on my plan.

Best wishes, Ivan.

8. Write an email to your English-speaking friend about the school party you had. Use the email guidelines to help you.

(suggested e-mail)

Dear Helen, I am writing to tell you about a Halloween party we had with classmates last week. It was really exciting with lots of contests, songs and dances. We took some funny photos in scary costumes. I send you too.

Best wishes, Ivan.

Lesson 10. Test Your Skills

2. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form and voice.

1) was shown; 2) was designed; 3) was; 4) opened; 5) were delighted; 6) helps; 7) has changed; 8) built; 9) attracted; 10) is; 11) was designed.

Unit 5. Amazing Britain

2. b) Match the words (1–8) with their definitions (a–h). 1d; 2f; 3h; 4g; 5a; 6c; 7e; 8b.

c) Complete the sentences with the words from Ex. 2 in the correct form. 1) site; 2) inscribed; 3) landmarks; 4) convention; 5) existed; 6) heritage; 7) mankind; 8) launched.

3. Listen to the radio programme about the World Heritage Sites. Complete the sentences.

1. 1972 by UNESCO.

2. The United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization.

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3. Natural sites and a wide variety of cultural sites such as landscapes, towns, historic monuments and modern buildings.

4. Places of international importance for the conservation of mankind’s cultural and natural heritage.

5. 851, 27.

6. Tower of London, the City of Bath, Stonehenge or Scottish castles.

7. Kyiv-Pecherska Lavra and St. Sophia’s Cathedral in Kyiv, the historic centre of Lviv and

beech forests of the Carpathians.

8. the circle represents nature and the square means human creation.

5. Read and say if the statements are true or false.

1T; 2T; 3F; 4T; 5F; 6T.

6. b) Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases from the Vocabulary File given above.

1) regimental museum; 2) a venue; 3) to revolt; 4) to revolve; 5. refurbishment; 6) a ford; 7) a henge.

8. Work in pairs. Discuss the following questions.

1. Belfast Castle ad Cardiff have much in common. They both have had an ancient history and are heritage attractions and sites of international significance.

2. It is very interesting and exciting for people to visit these castles. Belfast is interesting for people to visit because it is a magnificent sandstone building close associations with the city’s past and 5000-year-old henge called "the Giant’s Ring". These sites will attract many tourists and business men as a nice place to hold conferences, private dining and wedding receptions.

Cardiff castle is interesting for people to visit because it is a remarkable place and historic site where you can visit a regiment museum, the ruins of the old castle and the Victorian reconstruction.

9. Read and say what city it is: Belfast or Cardiff.

1) Belfast; 2) Cardiff; 3) Belfast; 4) Belfast; 5) Cardiff; 6) Cardiff.

10. a) Read the postcard. Say what things Jenny, Lenn and Alice write about. They write about Scotland. They are impressed by the medieval castles and stunning landscape, variety of food and going to Edinburgh Castle

b) Choose the correct items to complete the sentences.

1. informal; 2. long; 3. is; 4. use.

11. Read and say if the statements are true or false.

1T; 2F; 3T; 4T.

13. You are in Great Britain. You’ve decided to send a postcard to your Ukrainian friend, Galyna/Oles, with the sites of the place you’ve visited. Write brief information about the place. Include the following points:

• say where you are;

• name the site in the picture;

• give a brief description of it;

• say ‘Best regards’ to your relatives.

(suggested postcard)

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Dear Galyna, I am writing from Edinburgh. The weather is nice and we are going sightseeing. The city is marvelous. We have walked along the Royal Mile and visited Edinburgh castle, the Scotland’s most visited attraction of the eleventh century, Scottish Parliament Building and National Museum of Scotland. We enjoyed Royal Botanic Garden with great pleasure. We are going to visit Greyfriar’s Bobby Statue tomorrow. I send you some photos I hope you like them. See you next week!

Best wishes, Oles.

Lessons 3–4. Old and New Towns of Edinburgh

3. Read the text about Edinburgh. Put the headings (A–E) into the correct spaces (1–5). 1d, 2e, 3c, 4b, 5a.

4. Read and complete the sentences.

1. Kyiv;

2. modern and medieval, the traditional and the new.

3. a World Heritage Site;

4. hundreds of ghosts;

5. Its international and unusual local cultures;

6. Arts, sports and attractions and is famous for playing host to the world’s largest art festival.

5. Write five questions to the text of Ex. 3, p. 126 and ask your classmates to answer them.

1. What is a number of population in Edinburgh?

2. What is the weather like in Edinburgh?

3. Who was Mackenzie?

4. When does Edinburgh have Hogmanay?

5. What can the visitors see at Edinburgh festivals?

7. Read the sentences. Complete the sentences with the gerunds.

1) travelling; 2) visiting; 3) reading; 4) hearing; 5) smiling; 6) buying; 7) joining; 8) going;

9) bulling; 10) working; entering.

8. Read the following facts about Edinburgh. Then write the sentences into your exercise book and underline the gerunds in them.

1) running; 2) sightseeing; 3) bookselling; 4) making.

Lessons 5–6. The Giant’s Causeway

1. Look at the photos of the Giant’s Causeway. What do you think: is it created by people or nature? Exchange your opinions.

I believe the Giant’s Causeway is created by nature. It is a result of an ancient volcanic eruption and it is a prominent well-known landmark of Northern Ireland.

2. You are going to read the text about a famous landmark of Northern Ireland. Say what makes it such a special place.

The Giant’s Causeway is a beautiful remarkable landmark of Northern Ireland for many centuries. Usual columns in the form of steppingstones make it such a special place and attract thousands of tourists every year.

4. Read the definitions and match them to the words and phrases from the Vocabulary File.

1) a cliff foot to battle; 2) to flow back; 3) a causeway; 4) to stick out of; 5) from far and wide; 6) to ballot; 7) hexagonal; 8) to rip up; 9) to be recognized for; 10) to fly; 11) to reach; 12) to announce.

5. Choose the correct item to complete the sentences. 1b; 2c; 3a; 4c; 5a; 6b.

7. Write the following sentences using the gerund.

1) going; 2) seeing; 3) going; 4) waiting; 5) beginning; 6) admiring.

8. Write the correct form of the verb.

1) seeing; 2) walking; 3) to take; 4) sending; 5) to visit; 6) to show.

9. Read and act out the situation.

The pupils of your partner school in Great Britain have just come to visit Ukraine. Ask them about the most famous landmarks of their country. Be ready to answer their questions about the sites of Ukraine. Make short dialogues and present them in class.

1) What are the most famous landmarks of Ukraine? 2) Where are they situated? 3) What are they famous for? 4) How can we get there? 5) How long does it take to get there?

Lesson 7. Stonehenge – Forever a Mystery

2. You are going to read an article about one of the most famous landmarks of Great Britain. Some sentences or phrases have been removed from it. First read the text quickly, ignoring the gaps. Explain the main idea of it. Then fill in the gaps (1–6) with the sentences or phrases (A–F) to complete the text.

Stonehenge – Forever a Mystery General Overview

The great and ancient stone circle of Stonehenge is one of the wonders of the world. It’s thought that (1) D that the mystical stone circle was built by the Druids to mark her tomb –the old English word ‘henge’ meaning ‘the hanging stones’. There is nothing quite like Stonehenge anywhere in the world and for 5,000 years it has drawn visitors to it. We shall never know (2) C what drew people here over the centuries or why hundreds of people struggled over thousands of years to build this monument (the heaviest of the stones weighs probably about 45 tons), but visitors from all over the world (over 850,000 people a year) come to marvel at this amazing feat of engineering.

Myths and Legends

Although great strides have been made in our understanding of the original purpose of Stonehenge (3), E we will probably never know its full significance. The aura of mystery has helped to generate many myths and legends about the monument. As a speculation has gone on over the centuries, a whole host of colourful stories has arisen – and the search for explanations is still going strong today.

In the Roman period, it was believed that the British rebel Queen Boudicca had been buried at Stonehenge, and (4) A the name Stonehenge originates from the Anglo-Saxon period. Geoffrey of Monmouth, writing in the 12th century A.D., retells the story that the legendary wizard Merlin commanded an Irish monument called the Giant’s Dance to be transported all the way to Salisbury Plain.

(5) B in 1986 for their outstanding prehistoric monuments is that it was built by extraterrestrial visitors in ancient times.

Why Stonehenge is a World Heritage Site

Stonehenge and Avebury were inscribed on the World Heritage List (6) F One of the most popular modern alternative explanations for Stonehenge. At Stonehenge, the unparalleled stone circle (3000 B.C.–1600 B.C.) is surrounded by a ceremonial landscape comprising more than 300 burial mounds and major prehistoric monuments such as the Stonehenge Avenue, the Cursus, Woodhenge and Durrington Walls.

4. Match the words (1–9) with their definitions (a–i).

1. To marvel — h) used to emphasize that something is bigger, better or worse than anything else like it;

2. A stride — g) one long step;

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3. A speculation — i) the act of forming opinions about what has happened or what might happen without knowing all the facts.

4. A host — a) 1) a large number of people or things; 2) a person who invites guests to a meal (party);

5. A tomb — b) a large grave, built of stone above or below the ground;

6. Unparalleled — c) being the parts that form something;

7. Comprising — d) to be very surprised or impressed by something;

8. Mounds — f) a large pile of earth or stones; a small hill;

9. Extra-terrestrial — e) connected with life existing outside the Earth;

5. Find the synonyms to the words in the text of Ex. 2.

1) To wonder — to marvel;

2) To struggle — to work;

3) A stride — a step;

4) Amazing — wonderful;

5) An alien — extra-terrestrial visitors.

7. You were staying in England for some weeks at your friend’s house. Now you have just returned home and have decided to write ‘a thank you’ letter to the family.` Write a letter of 50–100 words including the following:

• say ‘thank you’ again;

• praise English food;

• praise their hospitality.

Dear James, I’m writing to thank you for my rest in your country, it was absolutely marvelous.

First, I was very happy to stay for two weeks at your house because it was nice to spend time together and communicate a lot. I appreciate your hospitality very much. I want to add that I really enjoyed a sightseeing tour you have recommended me to go. It was fantastic. Then I should say that English food was delicious and I liked it. In conclusion, I would like to say that my parents and I would like to invite you to our place. Thanks for a wonderful holiday.

Best wishes, Ivan

Lesson 9. Test Your Skills

1. Read the text about Cambridge. Fill in the gaps with the gerunds.

1) coming; 2) having; 3) travelling; 4) sightseeing; 5) admiring; 6) visiting.

2. Read the texts about the famous British cities (1–4) and match them to the photos (A–D) on p. 139.

1a; 2c; 3d; 4a.

3. You’ve read about the cities of Great Britain (Ex. 2). Which cities do the sentences given below refer to? Fill in the information about them. There are two extra sentences. Can you guess what cities they are about?

1. Great Britain, It is Glasgow.

2. Port, Capital of Culture. It is Liverpool.

3. Great Britain, Westminster Abbey. It is London.

4. Bath.

5. On the south coast, for a drive of old cars from London.

6. Scotland. It is Edinburgh.

4. Listen to Miss Alison talking about Oxford. Read and choose the correct item to complete the sentences.

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1a; 2c; 3a; 4b; 5c; 6b.

5. Work in small groups. Talk about the university towns of Cam bridge and Oxford. Use the questions given below as a plan.

1. Cambridge is situated about 70 km north of London. Oxford is situated in South East England.

2. The city’s population in Cambridge is about 110,000 including 22,000 students. The

population of Oxford is 151,000.

3. Cambridge was first mentioned in about 40 A. D. Oxford was mentioned in written records of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles for the year of 912.

4. Due to Castle Hill from which it was possible to defend Cambridge from the River Cam, William the Conqueror built a castle on Castle Hill in 1068. Receiving a charter from King Henry II, granting its citizens the same privileges as those enjoyed by the capital of the kingdom influenced the development of Oxford.

5. The Cambridge University, King’s college and King’s college Chapel, Queen’s College and the Mathematical Bridge, Museums of Cambridge, Technology, and Science, Trinity College attract tourists in Cambridge. Oxford Castle, Christ Church College, Christ Church Cathedral, Sheldonian Theatre and Radcliffe Square attract tourists in Oxford.

6. You’ve just returned from your school trip, which you enjoyed a lot. You’re planning to invite your English friend, Alan/Elizabeth, to Ukraine and now you’ve decided to take him/her for the same trip.

Write a letter of about 100–120 words to Alan/Elizabeth including the following points:

• where you have been;

• what you have seen;

• what the weather was like;

• how you liked the food;

• what you enjoyed most about the trip;

• invite him/her to Ukraine.

Dear Alan! Hello! How are you? I hope you are well. I have just returned from my school trip to Great Britain which I enjoyed a lot. First, I would like to tell you that I have visited England. I liked the journey very much because it was interesting and exciting to visit different places especially London . In London we had a sightseeing bus tour. It was wonderful to see the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben, Westminster Abbey, London Tower and Tower Bridge, Buckingham Palace, Trafalgar Square and Piccadilly Circus. By the way, the weather was sunny and warm enough and we had some walks along the streets in London.

Second, we lived in a comfortable hotel in the centre of the city. We had a real English breakfast at a hotel and we enjoyed it. I want to add that I tasted fish and chips. It was delicious.

In conclusion, I would like to say that my trip to Great Britain was marvelous and I want to invite you to visit my country. I live in Kharkiv and my country is rich in places of interest and I plan to go to Kyiv with you. It is the capital of my country and it is situated on the picturesque banks of the river Dnieper. You can get acquainted with lots of sights of interest in Kyiv. I will show you Kyiv-Pecherska Lavra, St. Sophia Cathedral, St. Andrew Church and others. I expect you enjoy your staying in Ukraine. I’m looking forward to hearing from you.

Best wishes, Ivan.

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Unit 6. Information Magic: Radio and TV

4. Read the statements about the mass media given below. Say if they are true or false according to the article of Ex. 3. 1T; 2F; 3T; 4T; 5T; 6T; 7F; 8F; 9T; 10F; 11F.

5. Match the words (1–8) with their definitions (a–h).

1d; 2h; 3f; 4a; 5e; 6g; 7b; 8c.

6. Complete the sentences with the words and phrases from the Vocabulary File (see Ex. 3).

1. The mass media;

2. The radio, television and newspapers;

3. Tabloid;

4. TV reporter;

5. News;

6. Intrude;

7. Untrue or half-true;

8. The main source of news;

9. Celebrities and sensational;

10. Pursued.

9. Listen to what people say. Match the sentences (1–4) to the speakers 1–4. Can you find the speakers on the photos to Ex. 8?

1c; 2d; 3a; 4b.

Lessons 3–4. Television and Radio

1. Look at the photos and answer the questions.

1. a) Political Talk Show; b) the News; c) Lifestyle; 4) serial; 5) soap; 6) sitcom.

2. I think popular are the following programmes such Talk Show, Sports, Quiz Show and soaps. I usually watch sports and Quiz Shows.

3. Yes, they are. They are «Oryol or Reshka?», «Great Ukrainians», «Wild Nature» have become my favourite programmes recently.

4. Such programmes as «Stosuyetzya Kozhnogo*(«Concern Everyone») and «Gotuyemo Razom» («Cooking Together») bother me and I don’t like watch these programmes.

4 a) Look at the list of different kinds of programmes and read their definitions. Say which of them you usually watch or listen to. Give examples of the programmes which are broadcast on the Ukrainian TV channels. If you have difficulties with any words consult the dictionary.

The most popular TV programmes in Ukraine are «The New», «Cookery» (by different producers and on different channels), soaps, a Morning/Breakfast show with Ruslan Senechkin and Reality TV. Radio is less popular than television, but still people listen to it in cars or at work. Radio is a rather old source of information. But it is very good and comfortable. Firstly, receiving sets are small and you can transfer them without any problems. Secondly, when you listen to the radio you cannot only get new information; for example, you can also listen to your lovely music, songs, or news.

5. Look through Ex. 4a on pp. 150–151 again. Find sentences with relative clauses and write them down in your exercise book. Underline the relative clauses and state what type they are: defining or non-defining.

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shows informative programmes series

a game/quiz show a talk/chat show a morning/breakfast show

the weather forecast a documentary a phone- in a soap opera a sitcom a drama

6. Read the text quickly, ignore the gaps. Explain what it is about and what the main ideas are. Then fill in the gaps (1–5) with the sentences or phrases (A–E) to complete the text.

1d; 2b; 3c; 4e; 5a.

9. Put the words in brackets into the correct tense form and voice.

1) is;

2) was aired;

3) were moderated;

4) were stumped;

5) earned;

6) went;

7) increased;

8) included;

9) were;

10) had;

11) were often addressed;

12) was;

13) was;

14) was;

15) displayed.

10. Write a note of 50–100 words to your roommate, Peter, and ask him to record it for you. Include the following points in your note:

• why you can’t stay at home tonight;

• which programme you want to be recorded;

• why you are interested in that programme.

(continue of the letter)

You know I can’t stay at home tonight because I was invited to celebrate my friend’s birthday party in a cafe and I can’t refuse his invitation. However, I want to see the programme «The Human Body 4 : The Nervous System — English documentary» because I need a piece of information for my report s and I am always interested in problems of human’s nervous system. I will be very grateful if you record this programme for me. See you soon, Ivan.

Lessons 5–6. My Favourite TV Programme

1. You are going to listen to the text about the first television programmes for children in the USA. Look at the photos before you listen to the text. Try to guess the answers to the following questions.

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The first children’s television channel, America’s Nickelodeon was launched in April 1979 as a part of the basic cable television service in the United States. With its motto of «Kids first» Nickelodeon aimed to broadcast a variety of age-specific children’s programmes. Its introduction was motivated by dissatisfaction with the current state of American children’s programming: public television was constrained by financial uncertainty, and the three commercial networks offered a diet of little more than conventional cartoons interspersed with advertising. Nickelodeon soon grew to become the American channel child viewers watched most, and its programmes are now shown in 162 countries and regions around the world.

The first programmes include only cartoons to entertain children.

2. Listen to the text and choose the correct item to complete the sentences. 1c; 2a; 3b; 4c; 5c; 6a.

3. Look through the Oprah Winfrey Show title card. Answer the questions given below.

1) Talk Show;

2) by Oprah Winfrey;

3) Oprah Winfrey;

4) the USA;

5) 60 minutes;

6) on September 8, 1986.

4. Read the article about The Oprah Winfrey Show. Five sentences have been removed from the text. Put the sentences (A–F) into the correct gaps (1–5). There is one sentence, which you don’t need.

1e; 2f; 3c; 4d; 5a.

8. Think of a programme you have seen recently. Write down a review of this programme.

Watching television is very exciting for me, I am fond of different kinds of TV programmes. I enjoy watching «Oryol&Reshka» because I am keen on travelling. I take pleasure in watching splendid journeys to different countries. Recently I have seen the programme about London. I had read much about London before. But when I was watching the programme I was amazed how fascinating this city was. The main sights of interest impressed me too. The plot of the programme was exciting or even thrilling. The excursion was startling with a lot of information. The presenter was experienced and behaved well in unknown situations. I liked the programme very much.

I am looking forward to watching a new programme because it is a great pleasure to get acquainted with new places in the world.

Lesson 8. Test Your Skills

1. Put the words in brackets into the gerund form.

1) worth being;

2) can’t help waiting;

3) looking;

4) start filming;

5) look forward to seeing;

6) monitoring.

2. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form and voice.

1) went;

2) is telecasted;

3) are back;

4) turns out;

5) leads;

6) is satirized;

7) devoted;

8) became;

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9) was televised; 10) became;

11) lasted.

3. Read the texts about television and radio in Britain. Answer the questions given below.

1) 25 hours every weeks British people spend watching TV. 15 hours and 50 minutes every week British people spend listening to the radio.

2) There are five main channels in Britain. The BBC has five national radio networks.

3) People can watch a mixture of drama, light entertainment, films, sport, educational, children’s and religious programmes, news and current affairs, or documentaries.

National radio transmits all types of music, news, current affairs, drama, education, sport and a range of feature programmes.

4. Listen to the text about Trevor Baylis and his invention. Say if the statements are true or false.

1F; 2T; 3F; 4F; 5T; 6F; 7T; 8F; 9T.

Unit 7. Career Magic

Lessons 1–2. The World of Professions

1. Look at the pictures and name the professions. Do you know anyone who does these jobs? What qualities do you need for these jobs?

(suggested examples)

Steel-makers should be brave, courageous, fit, creative, hard-working and patient in order not to make mistakes in their work.

Teachers need to be intelligent, creative, tolerant and patient as students sometimes take a long time to learn things.

Receptionists should be polite, persuasive, accurate, friendly and patient in order to make people feel welcome.

Scientists have to be intelligent, creative, hard-working and accurate in order to understand complex theories.

The secretaries should be efficient and careful in order to do their work quickly and accurately.

2. Read the questions given below. Discuss them in class.

1) The professions of a computer programmer, economist, lawyer and bus driver are very popular in the place where I live.

2) My mother is a receptionist in a hotel. My father is a mechanic. My brother is a computer programmer. My uncle is a surgeon. My aunt is a housewife.

3) I would be willing to do the profession of a sales manager.

4) I wouldn’t do silly things in my life because I want to be successful in my life and have a well-paid and important profession.

5) I would start my own business because I am very hard-working and ambitious person. It would be my own shop.

6) My education is important to become a good professional in the future because I need good knowledge and high qualification.

4. You are going to read the text about the qualities which are required for different kinds of professions. Read the text and say what profession is good for you. Comment on your choice.

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I believe that the profession of a tourist guide is good for me because I am fond of travelling and keen on trips, journeys and voyages. I like learning culture, customs and traditions of other people in different countries.

6. Look through the text of Ex. 4 on p. 167 again and complete the sentences.

1) make a decision; 2) abilities; 3) is best suited for; 4) the necessary qualities; 5) rich and exciting; 6) fit for a certain position.

7. Find the words in the text of Ex. 4 on p. 167 to match the following definitions.

1) a mechanic; 2) a nurse; 3) a lawyer; 4) an accountant; 5) a shop assistant; 6) a firefighter; 7) an explorer; 8) a journalist.

8. Complete the sentences with the words from Ex. 7.

1) a firefighter; 2) journalists; 3) shop assistants; 4) a nurse/a doctor; 5) an accountant; 6) a mechanic; 7) a lawyer; 8) an explorer.

10. Write a few sentences about the professions the members of your family have. Use the questions given below as a plan. Present your work in class. (suggested answers)

1) My parents are doctors. My grandfather was a doctor. My great-grand-father was a doctor in the country.

2) My father and my mother work at the same hospital. My grandfather worked at the institute. And my great-grand-father worked in a small hospital in the country.

3) They all thought and think that the profession of a doctor is the best and noble profession in the world.

Lessons 3–4. A Day in the Life of…

1. Write down as many jobs as you can in 3 minutes. Next, decide and say which of these jobs:

I think that the least stressful profession is a profession of a tailor, a librarian and a nutritionist.

It seems to me the most dangerous profession are the profession of a pilot, a firefighter, a police man, a military man and a taxi driver.

As far as I remember the most popular professions are the profession of a lawyer, an accountant and a computer programmer.

I am sure that the most well-paid profession are the profession of a politician, a computer programmer, a lawyer and a bank manager.

2b. Say which of the professions, described in Lessons 1–2, they are necessary for.

1) It is necessary to be ambitious, creative, organized, responsible and intelligent to be a politician.

2) If you want to be a librarian you should be calm, friendly, sociable and tactful.

3) A teacher and a doctor should be tolerant, persuasive, creative, intellectual, honest, tactful and intelligent.

4) A firefighter and a pilot have to be decisive, responsible, ambitious, punctual and organized.

5) A scientist, a businessman and a computer specialist should be intelligent, quick-minded, ambitious, accurate and hardworking.

6) A dog trainer and a vet should be energetic, brave, friendly and hard-working.

3a. You are going to read the text about a day in the life of a zoologist. Read and order the paragraphs (A–D).

1c; 2a; 3b; 4d.

3b. Say what the main responsibilities of a zookeeper are. The main responsibilities of a zookeeper are to work with all animals in the zoo. The zookeeper should provide the daily care of feeding, cleaning and monitoring the animals and their habits. He or she has to make sure that the animals have enough water. The zookeeper should prepare food according to each animal’s specialized diet. He or she should feed and groom the animals and clean both the animals and the grounds.

5. Find a word or phrase in the article that has a similar meaning to each of these phrases. Read the sentences with them.

1) to maintain; 2) emergencies; 3) to determine; 4) to specialize; 5) to provide; 6) diet; 7) to curate; 8) to direct; 9) to transfer.

6. Read the sentences and compare them. Say which of the sentences, 1 or 2, expresses: 1) a-2; 2) b-1; 3) c-1; 4) d-2.

5. Find a word or phrase in the article that has a similar meaning to each of these phrases. Read the sentences with them.

1) to maintain; 2) emergencies; 3) to determine; 4) to specialize; 5) to provide; 6) diet; 7) to curate; 8) to direct; 9) to transfer.

6. Read the sentences and compare them. Say which of the sentences, 1 or 2, expresses:

1) a-2; 2) b-1; 3) c-1; 4) d-2.

9. Read and choose the correct words to complete the sentences according to the rules of Ex.

8.

1) will be able; 2) can; could; may; 3) should; ought to; 4) must; have to.

11. Complete the sentences with the given modal verb and the words or phrases from the box.

a) 1. can; communicate; 2. can; cook; 3. analyzing; can; 4. dance; can.

b) 1. repairing cars; should; 2. should develop your professional skills; 3. get a high qualification; should; 4. should change your job.

c) 1. has to; a uniform; 2. have to be good with numbers; 3. has to be good at spelling; 4. have to carry heavy things.

12. Match the halves (1–6) and (a–f) of the sentences. Fill in might be into the gaps. 1d; 2f; 3e; 4a; 5b; 6c.

14. Think of a job (e.g. a doctor, a teacher, etc.) and write about a typical day of someone who does that job, as well as some typical characteristics of the job itself. Use the modal verbs and the text of Ex. 3 on pp. 170–171 as a model.

I would like to tell you about the profession of a doctor. It is very prestigious, demanding and important profession nowadays. I think this profession requires a lot of skills and knowledge. The doctor should be attentive, tactful, ready to help the people who need, optimistic and accurate to be able to listen to the patient complaints, diagnose a case and prescribe the right treatment. The right treatment requires from doctor a high qualification and good knowledge. The doctor should also be selfless, to be always on duty, be ready to come to the patient at any time, even when he himself is sick. And now I would like to describe the typical day of the doctor. I am sure that the day of the doctor starts very early in the morning with long jogging and a cold shower. Then the doctor has breakfast and go to work. The work includes the examination of a patient, treatment and prescription of necessary medicine. When the works finishes the doctor come home, does household chores about the house, spend his free time reading a book, going for walk, listening to music or going to the cinema or theatre.

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Lessons 5–6. Career Prospects

1. b) Copy the statements into your exercise book. Then listen to the speakers again and tick the statements: M (Mary), J (John), P (Patrick). 1M; 2P; 3M; 4J; 5P; 6J.

2. Look at the pictures on p. 176 and name the objects. Say who uses these things, what kind of job it is, where these people work and what they do.

(suggested answers about the objects)

1) a microphone. It is a microphone on the picture. I think it is used by a reporter and it is necessary thing for him. The reporter works with people, he meets many different people and asks them questions, interview them and then make up a programme. He tries to understand what is going on in the world, or the country, or the city and tries to explain it to other people in the newspaper or magazine’s article or on TV programme.

2) a stethoscope. It is a stethoscope on the picture. It is an acoustic medical device for auscultation, or listening to the internal sounds of an animal or human body. It is a device which each doctor uses in his work every day. It is often used to listen to lung and heart sounds. It is commonly used for measurements of blood pressure. Stethoscope is an electronic device.

5. You are going to read the information about the child employment in the UK. Some sentences or phrases are missing. First read the text quickly, ignoring the gaps. Try to understand the main ideas of it. Then fill in the gaps (1–8) with the sentences (A–H) to complete the text.

1c; 2d; 3a; 4e; 5h; 6g; 7b; 8f.

6. Read and say if the statements are true or false.

1T; 2T; 3F; 4F; 5T; 6F.

7. Read and complete the sentences.

1) the last Friday in June in the academic year of their 16th birthday;

2) will need to get a performance license;

3) the local authority;

4) without an employment permit issued by the education department of the local council;

5) term time;

6) to earn extra money.

10. Read and complete the text with the correct modal verbs.

1) can; 2) should; 3) can; 4) might; 5) should; 6) are able to; 7) can.

Lesson 8. Test Your Skills

1. a) You’ll hear people talking in three different situations. Listen and choose the correct item to answer the questions.

1b; 2c; 3b; 4a; 5b; 6c.

2. Complete the sentences with might be and the words from the box. Use a dictionary if it is necessary.

1) might be a fly attendant;

2) might be a businessman;

3) might be an opera singer;

4) might be a lawyer;

5) might be a politician;

6) might be a chef;

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7) might be a gardener;

8) might be a musician;

9) might be a teacher;

10) might be a farmer.

3. Read and choose the correct item to complete the text.

1b; 2c; 3a; 4b; 5b; 6a; 7b; 8c; 9b; 10a.

5. You are going to read the text on how to be a good team member. Some words are missing from the text. Your task is to choose the most appropriate word from the list (a–n) for each gap. There is one extra word that you do not need to use.

Your class is your first team. When your work (1) done with others on the project or while (2) preparing for a school party, you learn to be a good ‘team member’. You are developing your social skills which will be necessary for you in future.

When you are (3) working at a job, it is important to be a “team player”. A team player works well with the other people on the (4) team. Employers like it when their (5) employees get along very well with one another and still get the job (6) cooperatively.

There are many things you can do (7) to be a good team player. When working with others, be (8) willing to compromise. Think of ways to solve problems. Do not demand (9) that your ideas are used.

Show loyalty to your team. Be committed (10) to the team’s growth and improvement. Think of ways to help your team (11) meet its goals. Find the way to work in different conditions. Adapt to change in your work setting. Be responsible and accept new ways of (12) doing your job.

If you do these things, you will be a better team member. Your future employer will (13) appreciate your good work.

Reader

Text 1. An A for Mrs B

1. Answer the questions.

1) My class is very friendly. My classmates are always ready for help in different situations.

2) Yes, I do. I always help my classmates with their assignments.

3) Group work helps us to understand each other better, to exchange knowledge and experience and support each other.

2. Match the words and phrases (1–8) with their definitions (a–h).

1b; 2f; 3g; 4h; 5a; 6c; 7d; 8e.

3. Choose the correct words from the text to complete the sentences.

1) announced; 2) take into consideration; 3) anxiously; 4) was determined to convince; 5) fought back tears; 6) misfits; 7) inspires; 8) gave.

5. Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.

1) The teacher announced a new project to create a newspaper around the culture they were studying.

2) The pupils wrote the names of three friends they wanted to have in their group and the teacher collected all requests and took into consideration all wishes and would give the results the next day.

3) Mrs B called for children’s attention and started to call out names.

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4) Karina fought tears in her eyes because she wasn’t satisfied with Mrs B’s choice. She had a walk in another person’s shoes.

5) She felt amazed.

6) The girl understood that the teacher had seen something in her she hadn’t seen. The girl has learnt that the people are is more important than the people are or seem to be.

6. Choose the correct item to complete the sentences.

1b; 2c; 3a; 4b; 5b; 6b.

8. Number the events in order they happen in the story. 1c; 2d; 3b; 4a.

9. Read and say if the statements are true or false. 1F; 2T; 3F; 4F; 5T; 6T.

10. Say what helped Karina understand that who we are is more important than what we are or seem to be.

The knowledge of the problem helps Karina understand that the teacher has seen something in her she hasn’t seen. The girl has learnt that the people are is more important than the people are or seem to be.

13. Say why Karina was amazed when she found out who she was going to work with and what character traits she discovered in her classmates later. How did the teacher help the children understand each other better?

The teacher helped the children understand each other better giving encouraging questions and inspiring ideas. It is great when the children can find support and acceptance the children’s own methods and approaches. Only a skilled and experienced teachers who are good at children’s pshychology can find real correct solving of a problem.

Text 2. A Rescued Dog

1. Answer the questions.

1) My close friend has got a pet. It is a dog.

2) No, she hasn’t. She has never lost her dog.

2. Match the words and word combinations (1–8) with their definitions (a–h).

1d; 2f; 3g; 4a; 5c; 6h; 7e; 8b.

3. Choose the correct words from the text to complete the sentences. 1) stood up; 2) to calm him down; 3) approached; 4) dog tag; 5. irrelevant; 6) prank; 7) reuniting; 8) injuries.

6. Choose the correct item to complete the sentences: 1b; 2c; 3c; 4a; 5a; 6b; 7c; 8b.

7. Complete the statement. 1-b.

8. Number the events in order they happen in the story. 1c; 2d; 3b; 4a.

9. Read and say if the statements are true or false. 1T; 2T; 3T; 4T; 5F; 6T; 7F; 8T.

11. Complete the sentences given below.

1) there was a dog who had been hit by the car;

2) they wanted to warn them away;

3) the dog had been missing for two weeks and had travelled from deep in Southeast Portland (on the other side of the river).

12. Say why the dog didn’t let anybody come near him. The dog didn’t let anybody come near him because he doesn’t know this person. The dog’s owner doesn’t allow him to come up next the stranger. The dog should follow his owner’s command and orders and doesn’t approach the stranger.

13. Say why the dog’s owner started crying uncontrollably when he saw his dog. The dog’s owner started crying uncontrollably when he saw his dog in unpredictable situation. But it is bad because will follow the commands of his owner. In such situation the dog can’t control his behavior.

14. Imagine that you have found a lost dog (cat) in the street. Tell your classmates what you are going to do to help the animal.

If I found a lost dog in the street I would try to help the poor animal. First of all, I would take it home and feed it or give some water to drink. Then I would write an advertisements on a piece of paper and glue or stick them on the board, houses ad buildings along the street I had found the dog. Then I would use a computer to send a message about a lost dog with description of dog’s appearance and my personal information. When nobody phoned or came for some time I would persuade my parents to leave a dog in my home.

16. Make up your own story about saving an animal. Use the questions below as a plan. It was a hot sunny day. I was walking along the street in the centre of the city when suddenly I saw a small monkey. It was wearing a colourful coat and had a funny ribbon on the head. But the animal was scared and looked miserable. I came nearer to it and took it in my hands. The monkey jumped in my hands and sat calmly looking at me with gratefulness. I tried to look for an owner of the monkey. After some time I saw an owner of the monkey who was running towards me. It was a photographer because I saw a camera in his hand. He was taking photos with children and he didn’t notice the monkey’s disappearing. When he discovered the money had disappeared he started looking for it. He was lucky I had found a monkey.

Text 3. The Great Barrier Reef

1. Answer the questions.

1) Yes, I have. I have seen corals in the Red sea in Egypt.

2) As far as I know, corals are a group of small, tropical marine animals that attach themselves to the seabed and form extensive reefs, commonly in shallow, warm-water seas. These reefs are made up of the calcium-carbonate skeletons of'dead coral animals. Coral reefs form the basis of complex marine food webs.

2. Match the words and phrases (1–8) with their definitions (a–h).

1g; 2f; 3h; 4a; 5b; 6C; 7e; 8d.

3. Choose the correct words from the text to complete the sentences.

1) tiny; 2) marine; 3) renowed; 4) vary immensely; creatures; 5. cays; accumulation; 6) remmants; 7) allocates.

4. Find the words in the story to talk about:

1) The Great Barrier Reef consists of more than 3,400 individual reefs and 700 islands.

2) Warm temperature of water and marine environment are ideal conditions for colonies of tiny coral polyps.

3) The are low islands and continental islands.

4) The Marine Park is the waters of the Great Barrier Reef.

6. Choose the correct item to complete the sentences.

1c; 2b; 3a; 4a; 5a; 6b; 7a; 8c.

7. Complete the statement. 1-c.

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8. Read and say if the statements are true or false.

1T; 2T; 3F; 4T; 5F; 6T; 7F; 8T.

10. Complete the sentences given below.

1) more than 3,400 individual reefs and 700 islands stretching a distance of 2,300 km from Torres Strait to Lady Elliot Island.

2) The perfect environment was created for the world’s largest system of coral reefs

3) Among the most beautiful of marine organisms.

4) Are known to live in the reef region.

5) "low islands" and "continental islands".

6) The shorelines of some continental islands have white sandy beaches and others.

7) The waters of the Great Barrier Reef.

Text 4. Thomas Alva Edison

1. Answer the questions.

1) Yes, I have. I have heard and read a lot about Thomas Alva Edison because l am fond of Physics.

2) At the age of eight his mother taught him at home and he read science books by himself. He got a job sending telegraph messages. Then he started inventing things. In 1877 he made a «phonograph» — the first ever sound recorder. The following year he invented the light bulb. In 1882 New York was the first city in the world with electric lights. In 1889 he made a «kinetoscope». He also made films for his new machine. In 1903 he made the world’s longest film (It was ten minutes long!) After more than one thousand inventions, Edison died at the age of eighty-four.

2. Match the words (1–8) with their definitions (a–h).

1e; 2h; 3f; 4b; 5g; 6a; 7c; 8d.

5. Match the words (1–8) with their definitions (a–h).

1) The American inventor was born in Milan, Ohio.

2) No, he didn’t. He studied bad at school because of hearing problems.

3) When he was working for the railroad he saved the life of a station official’s child and the boy’s father taught him how to use the telegraph.

4) He began developing a telegraphic repeating instrument that made it possible to transmit messages automatically.

5) The scientist publicly demonstrated his incandescent electric light bulb in 1879.

6) Yes, he was. He created companies worldwide for the manufacture and sale for his inventions.

7) In his laboratory in west Orange he produced the commercial phonofraph, the kinetoscope, the Edison storage battery, the electric pen and some other inventions.

8) He patented more than 1,000 inventions.

6. Choose the correct item to complete the sentences.

1c; 2b; 3b; 4c; 5c; 6b; 7b; 8b.

7. Complete the statement. 1-b.

8. Number the events in order they happen in the story.

1d; 2b; 3c; 4a.

9. Read and say if the statements are true or false.

1T; 2F; 3T; 4F; 5T; 6T; 7F; 8T.

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11. Complete the sentences given below.

1) He had hearing problems.

2) He left telegraphy and began a career of full time inventing and running business.

3) He created companies worldwide for the manufacture and sale for his inventions.

4) More than 1,000 discoveries.

12. Say why Thomas Alva Edison made so many inventions and achieved great success in science.

I think that Thomas Alva Edison made so many inventions and achieved a great success in science because he was cute, intelligent, ambitious, willed, determined, hard-working and talented. He was interested in design and elaboration of new discoveries in the field of electricity and use his inventions in the industry and economy.

Text 5. Sandra Bullock, a Non-typical Hollywood Star

1. Answer the questions.

1) Yes, I do. I like watching Hollywood films.

2) My favourite actors are Leonardo Di Caprio and Johnny Depp.

3) I think all things together such as the talent, beauty and hard work make a real film star.

4) A good plot and excellent stars make a good film.

5) No, I wouldn’t. I wouldn’t like to have a career of an actor because I am not creative person.

2. Match the words and phrases (1–7) with their definitions (a–g). 1c; 2d; 3e; 4b; 5g; 6f; 7a.

3. Choose the correct words from the text to complete the sentences.

1) glamour; 2) palms to avoid; 3) a ruckus; 4) put a lid on; 5. inculcated; 6) familiarized; 7) was called the German and was largely ignored; 8) the cheerleaders; 9) incompatible; 10) genuine.

5. Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.

1) Sandra Bullock is adored in America and throughout the world because she is a talented actress. 2) She was born in a suburb of Washington, DC. 3) Her mother was an opera diva and her father was a part-time vocal coach. 4) No, she didn’t. She hated the piano. 5) Sandra’s mother took her to Salzburg to Opera and Sandra played one of the supporting roles in the performance. Then the mother learnt her stage behaviour. 6) Sandra had a hard childhood connected with the profession of her parents. 7) No, she didn’t. 8) She left New York and moved to Los Angeles. 9) Yes, she is. She is very famous actress and is known as actress of many roles. 10) She likes mountain climbing, Latin American dancing and the Internet.

6. Choose the correct item to complete the sentences. 1b; 2c; 3a; 4a; 5b; 6b; 7a; 8c; 9b.

7. Number the events in order they happen in the story.

1e; 2c; 3f; 4d; 5a; 6g; 7h; 8b.

8. Complete the statement. 1-b.

9. Read and say if the statements are true or false.

1T; 2F; 3T; 4F; 5T; 6F; 7T; 8T; 9T; 10T; 11T; 12T.

10. Complete the sentences given below.

1. Singers, to see their daughter become a singer or a musician, but along her way she lost her desire for classical music.

2. She was on cloud nine.

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3. Entered East Carolina University, she set out to conquer New York.

4. Today she is known as an actress of many roles.

11. Say what character traits helped Sandra Bullock become a Hollywood star. Sandra Bullock is a hard-working, cute, ambitious, willed, intelligent and talented person and these traits of character helped her become a Hollywood star.

Text 6. Is Television Useful or Harmful for Kids?

1. Answer the questions.

1) Yes, I do. I like watching TV very much.

2) Yes, I do. 1 think it is very useful and necessary for me because I like to relax and watch my favourite TV programmes.

3) Watching TV has some advantages television is an easy and cheap source of entertainment. By watching international news, we are kept informed and up-to-date with breaking news around the world. The disadvantages of watching TV that when we watch too much of TV shows, our eyes get tired. Many Television shows are considered indecent for kids and children. We often compromise our sleeping hours to watch our favorite TV serial. Television can ruin your relationships. If you are watching television instead of communicating with your loved one, this is a problem.

2. Match words and phrases (1–8) with their definitions (a–h). 1d; 2e; 3f; 4c; 5h; 6g; 7b; 8a.

3. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

1) harmful; 2) suspect; array; 3) violence; 4) to acknowledge; 5) addictive; 6) behaviour; 7) acknowledge; get rid of; 8) wholesome.

6. Choose the correct item to complete the sentences. 1a; 2b; 3c; 4b; 5b; 6b; 7c; 8a.

7. Complete the statement. b.

8. Number the events in order they happen in the story. 1c; 2a; 3d; 4b.

9. Read and say if the statements are true, false, or not given in the text. 1F; 2F; 3F; 4T; 5F; 6T; 7F; 8T.

10. Prove that watching television can be addictive sometimes. (suggested discussion)

I am sure that watching television can be addictive because first of all, takes a lot of time and it makes us lazy. And it‘s very harmful for our health, expetially eyes. Some violent programmes and films make people violent. Violence become a vital problem. There is too much advertisement on TV that sometimes it can encourage us to buy things we don't need at all. Watching TV takes all free time from almost all people. We just watch it, not concentrate, and waste time.

11. Complete the sentences given below.

1) babies younger than two years old view TV as a confusing array of colours, images and noises.

2) watching this type of programming increases the risk of aggressive behavior and desensitizes children and teenagers to violence.

3) children and teenagers who watch a lot of television are at risk for poor social development and aggressive behavior.

4) children watching television are less cooperative, less imaginative, less enthusiastic about learning and less happy than those watched little or no TV.

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