Енглески за први разред гимназије-радна свеска by Zavod za udžbenike

Катарина Ковачевић • Гордана Марковић

IMPROVING

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Енглески језик за први разред гимназије и средњих стручних школа ДЕВЕТА ГОДИНА УЧЕЊА

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WORKBOOK – РАДНА СВЕСКА

Завод за уџбенике Београд

Рецензенти

Рецензенти др БОРИС ХЛЕБЕЦ, редовни професор Филолошког факултета у Београду

др БОРИС ХЛЕБЕЦ, редовни професор ФилолошкогФилолошког факултета уфакултета Београду у Београду АНА ТОМОВИЋ, лектор на Катедри за англистику АНА ТОМОВИЋ, лектор координатор на Катедри зазаанглистику Филолошког у Београду мр ДУШИЦА БЛАЖИЋ, енглески језик Друштвафакултета за стране језике и књижевности Србије мр ДУШИЦА БЛАЖИЋ, координатор енглески језик Друштва за стране језике и књижевности Србије ИВАНА БРКОВИЋ, професор у Првој за београдској гимназији у Београду ИВАНА БРКОВИЋ, професор у Првој београдској гимназији у Београду Лектор за енглески језик Jonathan Pendlebury, лектор на Филолошком факултету у Београду Уредник СЛОБОДАНКА РУЖИЧИЋ Одговорни уредник ТАТЈАНА КОСТИЋ др ТАТЈАНА КОСТИЋ

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Главни уредник др МИЛОРАД МАРЈАНОВИЋ МАРЈАНОВИЋ

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За издавача др МИЛОРАД МАРЈАНОВИЋ, МАРЈАНОВИЋ, в.д. директора в. д. директора

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37.016:811.111(075.3)(076)

CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији Народна библиотека Србије, Београд

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Министар просвете, науке и технолошког развоја Републике Србије, Министар просвете, науке и технолошког развоја Републике Србије, решењем број 650-02-418/2018-03 од 7. фебруара 2019. године, одобрио је решењем број 650-02-418/2018-03 од 7. фебруара 2019. године, одобрио је овај уџбеник за издавање и употребу у првом разреду средње школе. овај уџбеник за издавање и употребу у првом разреду средње школе.

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КОВАЧЕВИЋ, Катарина, 1942Improving English 1 : енглески језик за први разред гимназијe и средњих стручних школа : девета година учења : workbook = радна свеска / Катарина Ковачевић, Гордана Марковић ; [илустрације Душан Лакићевић]. - 3. изд. - Београд : Завод за уџбенике, 200 (Нови Сад : Сајнос). - 68 стр. : илустр. ; 27 cm Тираж 4.500. ISBN 978-86-17-20185-0 1. Марковић, Гордана, 1951- [аутор] COBISS.SR-ID 283684364 ISBN 978-86-17-20184-3 ISBN 978-86-17-20185-0 © Завод за уџбенике, Београд (2015-2020) © Завод Београд (2015-2020) Ово делозанеуџбенике, сме се умножавати, фотокопирати и на било који други начин репродуковати, Ово дело не сме се умножавати, фотокопирати и на издавача. било који други начин репродуковати, ни у целини ни у ни у целини ни у деловима, без писменог одобрења деловима, без писменог одобрења издавача. Cover page: King’s Cross Station, London (Depositphotos) Cover page: King's Cross Station, London (Depositphotos)

CONTENTS

UNIT 1 Great Britain ........................................................................................................................................ 4 UNIT 2 Famous people ............................................................................................................................10

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UNIT 3 Threats to Earth..........................................................................................................................16 GENERAL REVISION 1.................................................................................................................22

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UNIT 4 Good morning, America ..........................................................................................................24

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UNIT 5 Traditional festivals ..................................................................................................................30

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UNIT 6 Our green planet ........................................................................................................................36

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GENERAL REVISION 2 ................................................................................................................42

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UNIT 7 The media .....................................................................................................................................44 UNIT 8 The generation gap ....................................................................................................................50 UNIT 9 A friend in need is a friend indeed .........................................................................................56 GENERAL REVISION 3 ................................................................................................................62 UNIT 10 Holiday destinations .................................................................................................................64

UNIT 1

GREAT BRITAIN V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1W rite down the word to complete the definition. The first letter of the word is given.

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1. N _ _ _ _ _ _ _ means a large number. 2. H _ _ _ means extremely large in size. 3. If you e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ contact with someone, you start to have contact with them. 4. If two people s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ with each other, they fight. 5. The h _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of an event is the most interesting part of it. 2S uggest a synonym for the following words and use the words to make sentences. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

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a. b. c. d. e.

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_____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________

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1. common 2. amazing 3. accurate 4. observe 5. illuminate

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1. brush 2. take 3. make 4. wash 5. eat 6. do 7. watch 8. meet 9. get 10. clean

a. the bus b. my hair/face c. my teeth d. my homework e. my bed f. my friends g. TV/a video h. to school i. breakfast/lunch/dinner j. the room

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3M atch the verbs in column A to the words/expressions in column B. Then use the completed phrases to talk about your daily routine.

E.g. After I wake up, I usually wash my face. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

Complete the sentences using the correct prepositions ON, AT or IN. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

He left ______ the evening of June 6th. We have lunch _____about 12.30. I’ll be ready _____ five minutes. I’m very busy _____the moment. I play tennis _____ the weekend.

6. We’re having a party ____ New Year’s Day. 7. I’ll see you _____the beginning of the week. 8. The exams start _____ Monday. 9. I’m going to Rome ________ Easter. 10. I think I’ll get there____ April 2nd.

UNIT 1

PREPOSITIONS

WORD FORMATION

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1D ictionary work. Read this dictionary extract and then answer the questions below.

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enjoy /In’dJOI/ (v) - If you enjoy something, you find pleasure and satisfaction in doing it or experiencing it. I enjoyed playing cricket. enjoyment (n) - Enjoyment is the feeling of pleasure and satisfaction that you have when you do or experience something that you like. I apologize if your enjoyment of the movie was spoiled. enjoyable /In’dJOI^bl/ (adj) - Something that is enjoyable gives you pleasure. It was much more enjoyable than I had expected. enjoyably (adv) – It was an enjoyably light-hearted film.

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a) Circle the parts of the dictionary entries that tell you what part of speech (noun, verb, adjective or adverb) the word is. b) How are nouns, adjectives and adverbs made from verbs? 2M aking adjectives. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals. e.g. It’s no surprise that a lot of people want to live here because the place is so attractive . /ATTRACT 1. The pupils want to suggest some _______________activities. 2. We spent an _______________ evening with her friends. 3. We believe that this disease will soon be __________________. 4. The weather in England can be very ___________________. 5. Christmas dinner is a _______________ meal. 6. I don’t think she is an honest and ______________ person. 7. I think she is _______________ because of her exams.

CREATE ENJOY CURE CHANGE TRADITION RELY NERVE 5

UNIT 1

PRESENT G R A M MTENSES AR

1W rite these sentences again, using the word or words in brackets instead of the underlined word/words. Make any necessary changes to the sentences. E.g. He is watching TV now. (often) - He often watches TV. 1. He is writing poems at the moment. (sometimes) ________________________________________ 2. We’re taking an expedition to the North Pole this winter. (every year) _______________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. We eat fish every week. (at the moment) ______________________________________________ 4. Is she making her bed now? (always) ________________________________________________ 5. My sister goes to the seaside in summer. (tomorrow morning) _______________________________________________________________________________

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2 I n three of the sentences there is a verb in the wrong tense. Underline each mistake and write the correction.

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E.g. My brother lives with us until he can find a flat of his own. is living_

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1. I’m not having enough money for a long holiday this year. 2. Everyone needs a break from work sometimes. 3. I must lose weight — I’m weighing over 80 kilos. 4. Maria is going to the shops every Saturday morning. 5. What period of history are you studying this term?

_____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________

3W rite five sentences about yourself. Each time you should use one of the words /expressions in the box below.

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two or three times a month, quite frequently, very often, hardly ever, as often as I can, at the moment, occasionally, once a week, these days ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 4C omplete the questions in the dialogue using either the present simple or the present continuous. Anna: Where _____________come from? Andy: I come from a small town in Italy. Anne: Where_________________ at the moment? Andy: I’m living at my aunt’s. 6

UNIT 1

Anna: Which school ______________ to? Andy: I go to a comprehensive school. Anna: How often ____________________ the Internet? Andy: I use the Internet every day. Anna: Who _________________________ now? Andy: I’m writing to my brother.

TIME CLAUSES 1J oin a phrase in A with a conjunction in B and a phrase in C to make five sentences. You should use one conjunction twice. B

C … he gets back. … I win the lottery. … you see him. … the programme finishes. … I come back from school.

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before when until as soon as

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A I’ll call you … I’ll buy a new car… We must stay here … We must leave the place … You will recognize him …

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2 Finish these sentences any way you like using the words in box B. 1. I don’t use the Internet ________________________________. 2. She won’t come home_________________________________. 3. She will be surprised __________________________________. 4. Please let me know____________________________________.

LISTENING and GAP FILLING

Listen to the text Important events and complete it with the adjectives below. ordinary delicious

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annual fabulous famous vast

sporting leading

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England is ______________(1) for festivals, particularly its music festivals which take place during the summer and attract some of the best dance and rock acts in the world as well as a _______________ (2) amount of British performers. Glastonbury Festival at the end of June is England’s most famous music event. It takes place at Worthy Farm in Somerset and attracts a crowd of around 100,000. The Notting Hill Carnival is an ___________ (3) event which starts on the fourth Sunday of August and is one of the biggest street festivals in Europe. It is led by members of the Caribbean population, many of whom have lived in the area since the 1950s. Around a million people come for the ______________ (4) Caribbean music and ______________ (5) food. 7

UNIT 1

The London Marathon in April is an important ______________ (6) event. It attracts some of the world’s _____________ (7) athletes as well as lots of ______________ (8) people running for a good cause.

CONJUNCTIONS The most commonly used conjunction pairs are both ... and, either ... or and neither ... nor. In the table below, each pair of correlative conjunctions is accompanied by an example of its use. He is both intelligent and good-natured.

either ... or

I will either buy a blue dress or a red sweater.

neither ... nor

He is neither rich nor famous.

rather ... than

I would rather stay here than go for a walk.

whether ... or

Have you decided whether you will come or not?

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both ... and

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Paying attention to the expressions used in the previous sentences, fill in the blanks with the words and, nor, or, and than as appropriate.

For example: We should either walk quickly ______ take the bus. We should either walk quickly or take the bus.

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1. I have both respect _________ admiration for them. 2. It will get colder either today _________ tomorrow. 3. He could not decide whether to tell the truth _________ keep silent. 4. He is neither arrogant _________ mean. 5. I would rather wait here _________ risk missing the bus. 6. She could find the book neither at the library _________ at the bookstore.

EVERYDAY LANGUAGE SOCIAL EXCHANGES

What would you say in the following situations? 1. You are introduced to a stranger, so you say ___________________________________________. 2. You’re late for an appointment, so you say ____________________________________________. 3. You’re refusing food that is offered, so you say ________________________________________. 4. You fail to hear what someone says to you, so you say ___________________________________. 5. You have accidentally pushed someone on the street, so you say ___________________________. 8

1. Match the expressions with ‘EYE’ in box A with their explanations in box B. 2. Use these expressions in three sentences to show their meaning. A 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

keep an eye on be all eyes open a person’s eye to something up to one’s eyes in debt/work close one’s eyes to have an eye for

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UNIT 1

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY

– refuse to see – be very anxious to see – deep in something – have a taste for something – watch carefully – bring it to somebody’s attention

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PRONUNCIATION 1

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The verbs in the box are in the present simple tense, third person singular. Listen to them and complete the chart below according to the pronunciation of the letter ‘s’.

/z/

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MY JOURNAL

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/s/

spends promises works critisizes brings watches repeats feels frightens

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collects hopes dresses brushes pronounces judges travels holds

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Write notes about your average school day. Mention the subjects you have in a week/what you do after school/in the evening, etc. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________

DISCUSSING A PROVERB Explain the meaning of the following saying in your own words. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.

UNIT 2

FAMOUS PEOPLE V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1T he following words and phrases appear in the text Ivo Andrić. Choose three words or phrases and explain their meaning in your own words.

an influential writer in the diplomatic service a depiction of a place

winner suffering everlasting

to devote one’s time to something of great purity local inhabitants

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2 Now complete the following sentences using the words and phrases from Exercise 1. 1. The ___________________ gathered together to decide how to keep the town clean. 2. Jane was the___________ of the first ice skating competition in her town. 3. Hemingway became ______________________ between the two wars. 4. How many years did Andrić spend ___________________ in Berlin? 5. John described the _____________ of hungry children in Africa in his article.

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3 Find the words in the text about Einstein which match the following explanations and write them down.

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1. A mathematical statement saying that two values are the same. ____________________ 2. The force which causes objects to be attracted to each other. ____________________ 3. To act in a way to make people believe something that it is not true. ________________ 4. You can refer to it as the universe. ________________________ 5. The central and most important part of something. _____________ 6. A person who often forgets things. ________________________

WORD FORMATION

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals. 1. Mothers don’t let small children out when it is __________. 2. They are all ______________ that she will recover. 3. He used some very ___________words in his speech. 4. This place is used as an ______________ observatory. 5. Wordsworth gave a ___________ description of the Lakes.

ICE HOPE POWER ASTRONOMY POET

PREPOSITIONS 1 Fill in the correct preposition: AT, ON or IN.

1. Jim is waiting for you ___the bus stop. 2. The shop is ___ the end of the street. 3. Do you work ____an office? 4. When will you arrive ___the office? 5. Jupiter is _____the Solar System.

6. The author’s name is _____ the cover of the book. 7. There are no prices ____ this menu. 8. I live ____ the 7th floor ____ 21, Oxford Street ____ London.

_____ work _____ a bus _____ a bicycle _____ the radio _____ the top/bottom

______ ______ ______ ______ ______

a taxi the sky a row the left/right college

UNIT 2

2F ill in the correct prepositions of place at, in and on in these standard expressions.

PHRASAL VERBS with STAND Use these phrasal verbs to complete the sentences below. stand by (2)

stand in

stand out

stand for

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1. Of the modern schools in my country, mine ___________ with its special facilities. 2. Marcia always ____________ her promises. 3. Emma isn’t very confident and she always needs her sister to ______________ her. 4. What do the letters WWW __________________? 5. My grandmother’s nurse is ill and I have to _________________ for her.

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GRAMMAR PAST TENSES

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1C omplete the sentences using the correct form of the verb. Use the past simple or past continuous tense.

Example: ____________ (she /return) his books? – Did she return his books?

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1. _________________________tennis at two o’clock on Sunday? (your brothers /play) 2. _________________________any photos when you were on holiday? (you/take) 3. _________________________________that dress last Friday? (you/wear) 4. The boys__________________ comics when the teacher came into the classroom. (read) 5. He ____________________________ all night. (sleep) 6. _____________________________ breakfast yesterday morning? (your sister/make) 2J oin the sentences using as, just, when and while. Put the verbs into the past simple tense and the past continuous tense. 1. I (paint) the walls. I (spill) all the paint on the floor. (While) ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. She (brush) her teeth. One of them (fall) out. (When) ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Jim (hurt) his ankle. He (run) to catch the bus.(As) ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. He (fall) asleep. His mother (wake) him up. (Just as) ________________________________________________________________________________

UNIT 2

3C hoose a phrase from each box to get a complete answer to the questions below. A B a. when I fell over. b. while she was visiting her in Florida. c. while you were having lunch. d. somebody stole it. e. while I was driving too quickly.

1. While he was travelling by train, 2. The police stopped me 3. She left it 4. Her aunt decided to invite some people to dinner 5. I was running after the bus

LISTENING and GRAMMAR

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1. When did she leave the message? 2. How did you get hurt? 3. When did Jane meet Steve? 4. How did he lose his passport? 5. Why are you so angry?

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Listen to the text carefully and then fill in the gaps with the correct form of the given verbs. Listen again and check if you have done the exercise correctly.

put

write

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have

ask

waste

be(2)

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At the end of the last century, a craze ___________ England that was unlike anything that country had ever witnessed. It _________ (not) like any other crazes because it _____________ (not) any class or age barriers. From nine-year-old children to eighty-yearold grandparents, everybody in England _________their noses in a Harry Potter book. J.K. Rowling ________ an unknown writer until she ___________a series of Harry Potter books with a boy wizard as the central character. The first book was called Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone and the readers were enchanted and hooked. Hollywood __________ no time and ___________the author for the film rights. A series of books was published and turned into films. From a poor woman, Ms Rowlings ____________ a rich one almost overnight.

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INTRODUCTIONS

1 Here are some useful phrases which you can use when introducing people or yourself. Do you know (Mr, Mrs)...? I’d like you to meet... Have you met...? This is ... How do you do? May I introduce...?

UNIT 2

EVERYDAY LANGUAGE

I don’t think we’ve met before. Hello, I’m / my name’s ... Pleased to meet you. Nice to see you again. We’ve met before. How do you do?

2 Use the phrases from the box to complete the sentences.

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1. A: Have you met Susan before? I think you were both at my party. B: ________ ______ _______ you __________, Susan.

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2. A: It seems you don’t know anybody here. _______I ___________ _________? I’m Jim. B: ________ ___________ Beatrice. Pleased ________ _________ ________.

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3. A: Peter, I’d __________ _______ _____ ________ my friend Jake. B: _________ _________ before. How are you, Jake?

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DESCRIBING PEOPLE

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1 I n pairs, complete the table with as many adjectives as possible. Some of the words you need to use are given in the list below. Use a dictionary if necessary.

Age

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tall hooked straight long eyelashes muscular curly snub a beard middle-aged broad-shouldered bald fair wrinkles slim a scar tallish elderly a moustache a ponytail a fringe high cheekbones overweight slender plump in his twenties,

Height/ Build

medium height,

Face

round/long,

Nose

crooked,

Hair

wavy,

Eyes

blue,

Any special characteristics

freckles, 13

UNIT 2

2U se the words in the table to describe yourself, a member of your family or some of your classmates. 3 A game One pupil should describe a well-known person to the rest of the class. The other pupils should guess who he/she is describing.

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LISTENING and VOCABULARY

Complete the text with the words in the box. Then listen and check. late

serious

smile

ears straight

fair thin

good-looking

glasses

heavil

strong

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blue

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I’m in my ______ teens. I’m very tall and quite _________ built, but I have rather _________ shoulders. I’m a little overweight. I have ________ , medium length _________ hair. My eyes are ______ and I wear ________. I’ve got a rather long face with a big nose and _________. I have _______ lips, and I usually have a __________ expression; my face changes a lot when I ________. I don’t think I’m very _____________, but I’m not all that bad-looking either.

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Expressions with MIND

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY

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Use your dictionary to help you understand all the expressions below. Complete the sentences with the correct form of one of the expressions 1-7. 1. mind your own business 2. Do you mind...? 3. never mind 4. change one’s mind 5. make up (your) mind 6. speak your mind 7. bear / keep in mind 14

1. _________________ if I borrow your scarf tonight? 2. No, I don’t want to buy it, I’ve ___________________. 3. A: I’m afraid I don’t have an extra pen. B: _______________________. I’ll use a pencil. 4. Don’t interfere. I think you should _________________. 5. You must finally __________________ what you want! 6. _____________ that petrol stations are rare on this road. 7. He is never afraid to __________ his ___________.

PRONUNCIATION 2

The verbs in the box are in the past simple tense. Listen to them and complete the chart below according to the pronunciation of the ending ‘ed’.

UNIT 2

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wanted tended booked dropped dressed treated frightened boomed travelled repeated received decided stopped watched happened /t/

/d/

/id/

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TRANSLATION PRACTICE Translate these sentences into English.

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1. Дошао сам овде да изразим своју захвалност свима вама. 2. Да ли је Боб редовно похађао предавања прошлог месеца? 3. Остао је веран својим уверењима целог живота. 4. Сви мисле да је то била изузетна представа.

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________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________

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DISCUSSING A PROVERB

Explain the meaning of the following saying in your own words.

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You never know what’s round the corner.

UNIT 3

THREATS TO EARTH V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1 Complete the sentences with the following words: reveal

intense

major

chase

volunteer

occur

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1. If any of these symptoms ______________ while you are taking the medicine, consult your doctor immediately. 2. He would not ________________ where he had hidden her chocolate eggs. 3. Young people today are under ______________ pressure to succeed. 4. Policemen must drive quickly but carefully when they _____________ someone. 5. My brother is a member of a local ______________ fire brigade. 6. The _____________ factor in their decision was professional. 2 Which word fits best in the exercise below? STORM

WEATHER

5. Put out a ________________ 6. Changeable ______________ 7. To be caught in a _________ 8. _________ alarm

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PREPOSITIONS

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1. An approaching ______________ 2. Unpredictable ________________ 3. A ___________ breaks out 4. Boiling hot _____________

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FIRE

Use the correct preposition from the list:

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in, at, on, during

1. Someone came into the house _______ some time _______ the night. 2. I remember it was often cold _____Christmas _____ the 1990s. 3. Each child should start school _______ the age of six. 4. What a lovely day! There’s not a cloud ________the sky. 5. My father is never at home _____ noon. 6. This young man ______ the picture is my brother. 7. She was standing ______ the door and could see them clearly. 8. ______ the end of the book, you will find some useful notes.

LISTENING AND GAP FILLING

Complete the text using the words below. Then listen and check your answers. meteor traces

weighed impacts

fireball surface

spectacularly exploded uninhabited

UNIT 3

Track 13

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In addition to the extremely large impacts that happen every tens of millions of years, there are many smaller____________ that occur much more frequently, but which leave smaller _________ behind or happen in places where nobody sees them. Such events would seem to be ______________ obvious, but they generally go unnoticed for a number of reasons: the majority of the Earth’s ___________ is covered by water and a good portion of the land is _____________. People have observed some of them, such as the ___________which blew up over the Australian town of Dubbo in April 1993. In the dark morning hours of January 18th 2000, a fireball ___________over a small town in Canada at a height of about 26 kilometers, lighting up the night like day. The ___________that produced the fireball was about 4.6 meters in diameter and ___________180 tonnes.

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GRAMMAR PRESENT PERFECT

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1 Write statements using the present perfect and since or for. Example: (Charlie/live/here/35 years) = Charlie has lived here for 35 years.

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1 (Sally/have/the same car/five years) __________________________________________________ 2 (we/live/in this house/I was 25) ______________________________________________________ 3. (he/be/on holiday/last Friday) ______________________________________________________ 4. (they/see/not/Tracy/ages) __________________________________________________________ 2C omplete the sentences using the present perfect. There are two sentences where it is not possible to use this tense. Identify them and use the correct tense. Example: I’ve been there twice. 1. __________________________ so far. 2. __________________________ for two years. 3. __________________________ three days ago. 4. ___________________________ since I left school.

5. ___________________________ yet. 6. ___________________________ recently. 7. ___________________________ when I was a little girl. 17

UNIT 3

3 Answer the following questions using the present perfect. Example: Can you come to my party tomorrow? No, I’ve already promised Ann I’ll visit her. 1. Is your sister at home? No,________________________________________________________ . 2. Does she know what happened? Yes,________________________________________________. 3. Is there any milk left? No, _______________________________________________________. 4. Do the Browns still live here? No, ________________________________________________. PAST SIMPLE AND PRESENT PERFECT Complete the sentences using an appropriate verb either in the past simple or present perfect tense.

Track 14

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1. Peter ____________________his leg in the park yesterday. 2. They ___________________the car. It looks new again. 3. Last year we ___________________to Italy. 4. John and Peggy ___________________the book. Now they can watch the film. 5. I ___________________my friend two days ago. 6. We ___________________to a foreign country before. 7. Her parents___________________ a new flat in 2001. 8. I’m sorry, but I ___________________my homework. 9. Alec __________________ to Africa several times up to now.

LISTENING and GRAMMAR

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Use the verbs in brackets in the correct tense (the past simple, past continuous or present perfect) to complete this anecdote. Then listen to the text and check your answers. Rose and Robin ________________(fly) to Australia for a two-week vacation to celebrate their 40th anniversary. Suddenly, the engines _____________ (stop) functioning and the captain _____________(attempt) an emergency landing. Luckily, he ____________ (see) an unknown island below and the plane ___________(land) safely on the beach. However, they all knew they may never be rescued and might have to live on the island for the rest of their lives! An hour later, Rose and Robin ________________(lie) on the beach. Robin turned to his wife and asked: “Rose, _______________________(you/pay) our American Express card bill yet?” “Oh, no! I’m sorry. I _____________________ (forget) to send the cheque,” she said. “And ___________________ (you/remember) to send cheques for the Visa and MasterCard?” he asked. “Oh, forgive me, Robin,” begged Rose. “I __________________(not/send) those, either.” Robin gave her the biggest kiss in 40 years. Rose pulled away and asked him, “What was that for?” Robin answered, “They’ll find us!” 18

UNIT 3

EXPRESSING THE FUTURE Choose the most suitable tense. 1. Why are you going to / will you buy a new mountain bike? 2. Let me know as soon as Louise will get / gets here. 3. I am going to / will decorate the bathroom this weekend. 4. I’ve had enough. I’ll / I’m going to finish this tomorrow. 5. It’s a lovely day – I think I’ll go / I’m going to the beach.

MODAL VERBS Read the following extract from a guidebook to one of the exotic islands in the Pacific. Fill in the gaps with can/can’t, must or mustn’t. (Sometimes more than one answer is correct.)

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1. All visitors _____________ apply for a visa. 2. You _____________ enter the country without one. 3. You ________have at least US $500 with you. If you don’t, you ________enter the country. 4. You ___________ have medical insurance. 5. You ____________ bring in guns or drugs. 6. You __________ bring travellers’ cheques.

EVERYDAY LANGUAGE

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IDIOMS & FIXED PHRASES

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1H ere are some common comments on the weather. Match those in column A with the replies in column B.

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A 1. Terrible day, isn’t it? 2. You look rather wet. 3. It’s a lovely day, isn’t it? 4. Do you think it will rain later? 5. It looks as if it is going to clear up. 6. It’s very cold today.

B a. I hope it stays like this. b. I hope so. It’s so sultry. c. Yes, it’s freezing. d. Yes, I’m soaked. e. Awful! I’ve never known anything like it. f. Yes, the weather forecast said it would.

2C omplete the sentences using the words below. Then explain the idiom in bold. bright

rainy rains

cold clouds

1. Why don’t you put that money in the bank and save it for a ___________day? 2. I know we’ve lost every match so far, but rather than get depressed, let’s look on the ___________side. 3. My uncle has serious money problems, but he’s sure he’s going to win the lottery; my aunt thinks he’s got his head in the ___________. 4. John was going to do a parachute jump, but at the last minute he got _________ feet and decided to stay on the plane. 5. Susan got a bad mark in her maths test and then the history teacher found out that she hadn’t done her project. It never _______ , but it pours.

AU se your dictionary to find definitions for any of the following words that you do not know. drizzle, freezing, warm, hail, chilly, sunny, pour, frost, snow, hot, cool, shower, breeze, gale

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UNIT 3

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY – WEATHER

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BW rite down the weather words in the correct category below. The first word has already been done for you. cold

heat

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wind

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rain drizzle

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CT ell the class what kind of weather you like/dislike. Describe what the weather is like in your town/region. DW rite imaginary weather forecasts for your town or region for two different seasons, using the words in the box and adjectives/adverbs such as: heavy/ heavily, extreme/extremely, light, strong, gentle, etc. Track 15

PRONUNCIATION 3

In these words from Unit 3 the letter u is pronounced in five different ways: Q, 3: ^, U and ju: Listen to the pronunciation of these words and put them into the appropriate box below. but occur including usually column powerfully put volunteer structure understand universe thunderstorm Q 20

but

ju: usually

^ powerfully

junior united surface tsunami U

put

3: occur

UNIT 3

WRITING 1L ook at the headlines. Which disasters are mentioned? Are they all natural disasters? BLAMED S T S I R U TO RE REST FI O F R O F

VILLAGES FLOODED

AS RIVER BREAKS BA

NKS

MASSIVE EARTHQUAKE LEAVES THOUSANDS HOMELESS IN INDIA

GAS EXPLOSION KILLS A FAMILY OF FOUR

FA MIN E TH RE ATEN

S AFRI CA N CH IL DRE

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2C hoose three of these headlines and expand them into two or three sentences.

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Example: The river broke its bank yesterday and flooded several villages. Hundreds of families were evacuated from their homes. The damage is estimated at thousands of pounds.

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1_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

MY JOURNAL

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Write a short composition of about 100 words with the following title:

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‘The worst storm I have ever been in’ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

DISCUSSING A PROVERB Explain the meaning of the following saying in your own words. A storm in a teacup.

Dear Susan, I’m sorry I (1)________________ to you for such a long time, but I (2) ________________ very busy lately. I (3) ________________ anything else but study. All last month I (4)________________ exams. I (5) ________________studying now, and I (6) ________________ for my exam results. As you can see from the letter, I (7) ________________ the address and now I (8) ________________ in a small, but nice flat. I (9) ________________ that I wanted a change from central London because it (10) ________________ so expensive. I realized that I (11) ________________ more on the rent than I thought I would. A friend of mine (12) ________________ me about this flat, and I (13) ________________ here about two months ago. When you (14) ________________ to London this summer, please visit me. I (15) ________________ on holiday to Austria in August, but till then I’ll be here. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon, Nora C am not writing C am C am not doing C have had C have stopped C have waited C will change C live C was deciding C has become C am spending C was telling C moved C come C am going

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B haven’t written B have been B don’t do B was having B was stopping B am waiting B have changed B have lived B have decided B becomes B had spent B told B was moving B came B went

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1. A don’t write 2. A was being 3. A haven’t done 4. A had 5. A stop 6. A wait 7. A am changing 8. A will live 9. A decided 10. A will become 11. A was spending 12. A tells 13. A have moved 14. A were coming 15. A have gone

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GENERAL REVISION 1

1 Circle the correct answer.

2 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense. 1. At present he______________________ (read) an English novel. It is the third English novel he _________________________(read) this year. 2. How many times _________________________(you/make) the same mistake? 3. She _________________(not/wake up) yet because she ________(go) to bed late last night. 4. We _______________(be) friends ever since I _________________(move) here. 5. My brother __________(arrive) the other day and ________________(leave) tomorrow. 6. What ___________________________ (you/do) at 7 o’clock last night? 22

must mustn’t have to can could

be able to

1. You _____________ wait for me. I can’t get to the station on my own. 2. We _____________ call the police before it’s too late. 3. She _____________ write when she was four years old. 4. This is a secret. You _____________ tell anybody. 5. Fortunately, he __________________save the child from drowning. 6. ___________you pass me the bread, please? 4 Use the correct prepositions.

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1. John went _______ bus, but the others went ________ foot. 2. I couldn’t see anything because I was sitting _______ the back of the bus. 3. Is Carol ______ the house? – No, I don’t think she is _____ home. 4. There’s a nice cottage _________ the top of the hill. 5. He saw her car _______ the crossroads. 6. Is that you ________the picture? 7. It took me 20 minutes to drive _______ Terazije _____ Slavija. 8. Mr Green is away ________ business ________ the moment. 9. We expect to arrive _______ London before the shops shut.

GENERAL REVISION 1

3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below.

5 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word in bold.

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1. It’s been many years since I visited my home town. /haven’t I ________________________________________________. 2. My sister hasn’t bought the wedding dress yet. /looking My sister ____________________________________________. 3. My parents started the journey to Scotland early in the morning. /set My parents ___________________________________________. 4. Lisa is a very good friend and she always supports me when I’m in trouble. /stand Lisa ________________________________________________________. 5. When I was at primary school, I played the piano. /used to I ______________________________________________________. 6 Put the words in capital letters into the correct form. 1. We went to an _____________ exhibition of old cars at a museum. 2. You can trust him. He is a _______________ friend. 3. Could you send us 10 ______________brochures for our staff? 4. Sarah thinks that you are ________________. 5. How ________________ of you to remember my birthday! 6. Rafting on the Drina was very _________________. 7. If it’s_____________ tomorrow, let’s go to the beach.

IMPRESS RELY ADD LOVE THOUGHT EXCITE SUN

UNIT 4

GOOD MORNING, AMERICA V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1 Which word from the text ‘America’s past’ means:

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1. somebody who moves to another country? i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2. a place where people have come to live and have built their homes? s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3. towards the west? w _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4. to establish or organize something for the future? f _ _ _ _ 5. move towards a particular place? h _ _ _ 6. earth or ground of a particular type? s _ _ _ 2 Complete the sentences using the correct words. treated

pass

advantage

feast

grown

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sailing

3 Collocations

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1. Peter’s parents _________________ him very badly. 2. Have you ever _________ corn on this land? 3. We spent our entire holiday ___________ on the lake. 4. We have guests tonight and my mother has prepared plenty of food. It will be a real ________. 5. We found a __________ between two rocks and reached the other side safely. 6. They took ______________ of the good weather and gathered all the crops.

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Match the words on the left with the words on the right to make a collocation from the texts in Unit 4. Then make new sentences to practise. The first one has been done for you. national stereotype – It is a national stereotype that the British are reserved. 1. national 2. animated 3. average 4. plentiful 5. sufficient 6. growing

a. harvest b. stereotype c. food d. person e. tension f. cartoons

1 2 3 4 5 6

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

UNIT 4

PREPOSITIONS Complete Peter’s email by adding the prepositions.

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Dear Tony, I apologize______ not writing sooner. We arrived ____ San Francisco at about 11 o’clock. Although it wasn’t easy, we succeeded ______ finding a taxi at the airport to take us to the hotel. I enjoyed looking ______the scenery on the way. I talked______ a receptionist and I asked _____ directions to your brother’s house. He first tried to explain ________ us how to get there and then insisted _______taking us there himself. When we arrived _______John’s house, I offered to pay him _____spending money _____ petrol, but he didn’t want any. We spent a lovely evening with John and he provided us _______ maps and some booklets on San Francisco. The weather’s lovely. Best regards, Peter

WORD FORMATION 1 Complete the table with words related to those given. Noun

Verb

Noun

Verb

development

____________

appear

____________

migrate

____________

move

ruler

____________

freedom

____________

advertise

treatment

____________

settle

____________

disagree 25

UNIT 4

2 Complete the sentences by using verbs or nouns from the table. 1. Unfortunately, they didn’t gain __________ by signing the peace treaty. 2. He was afraid of the way he would be ____________ in his new country. 3. Why do you always _________________ with my ideas? 4. Look at this _______________ for the latest mobile! 5. The British first ______________ on the east coast of America. 6. Will you help me to______________ this piece of furniture? 7. The shouting suddenly stopped with the _______________of Jack’s father.

PHRASAL VERBS – with BREAK Complete these sentences by using the correct phrasal verb with break.

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1. Sharon was late for school because her mother’s car _____________ in the centre of town. 2. I’m sorry to hear that Lucy has __________________________ Jack. 3. While my neighbours were at the theatre, someone ________________ their house. 4. Have you heard that flu _______________ in our neighbourhood? 5. It was on the news that a very sick man _______________ of the hospital last night.

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GRAMMAR

PAST PERFECT and PAST SIMPLE TENSES

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1C omplete each sentence with the past perfect tense of a verb from the box. There is one extra verb. hide

arrive

leave perform

stay

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come

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1. She knew the hotel; she _____________________ there before. 2. I realized too late where he _________________ the documents. 3. I stopped because I ____________________ at a crossroads. 4. They played the piece well although they _________ never __________ it before. 5. When they finally arrived, most of the workers__________________ the factory. 2P ut the verbs in brackets into either the past simple or the past perfect tense. 1. I got home at 6 and ______________ (find) out that Victoria _____________ (go) out. 2. She _______________ (leave) 3 messages on his answer phone when he finally _______________ (phone) back. 3. I _______________ (go) to the manager’s office at 12 although I ______________ (speak) to him earlier. 26

4. I _______________ (do) all the work and was waiting patiently when the teacher finally _______________ (arrive).

6. When they __________ (set) off, the sun _____________________ (not, yet, rise).

UNIT 4

5. Hillary found the front door unlocked, and soon _______________ (realize) that her sister _______________ (leave) it open.

3C omplete the sentences with the correct forms (either the past simple or past perfect tense) of the verbs in brackets.

The first English immigrants settled in Virginia

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These travellers _______________ (spend) 12 weeks in small overcrowded ships when they ___________ (see) huge forests of the new land. They _____________ (live) on little food and many of them died of diseases. The sight of the woods __________ (bring) them great relief. When they ____________ (land), they found out that the Indians _________________ (inhabit) the land long before them. Most of the natives___________ (be) hostile, but some of them were friendly and helpful. The first permanent English settlement in America was a trading post founded in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia. This region soon ______________ (develop) quickly. By 1620, great plantations __________ already _____________ (appear) along the James River and the population _________________ (increase) to a thousand settlers.

PRONOUNS

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1C omplete these sentences by adding SOME, ANY or NO to form compounds (somebody, anything, somewhere, nobody, etc).

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1. Mr Jones cannot see _______body today. He’s too busy. 2. I’m hungry. I have had _________thing to eat since this morning. 3. _______body has broken into the house, but hasn’t taken ________thing. 4. She is going to say ________thing very unpleasant now. 5. I don’t want to watch this film. Can’t we go ________where else? 6. You can buy _________thing you want from this shop. It’s my treat. 7. Can I tell you _________thing? You made a fool of yourself. 8. It’s useless! _______ body can prevent her from marrying him. 2 Use the correct reflexive pronoun to complete the sentences. 1. He prefers to live by _____________ . 2. I put the blanket over _____________ . 3. Sandra made __________drink the bitter medicine. 4. I’ll see all of you after the holiday. Look after ________________ .

5. Put ___________in my position. 6. He always hurts ___________ while running. 7. Don’t trouble _________ . I can take care of it. 8. They blame__________ for the failure. 27

UNIT 4

Track 19

EVERYDAY LANGUAGE

British English and American English Read the following text which is written in American English. Find the equivalents in British English for the words which are different in American English. Then listen and check.

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It was Friday, a very unpleasant day in the early fall. My parents had already gone to work and I decided to stay in bed for a while. When I realized that I would be late for school, the best idea was to skip the rest of the classes too, and to go to see a movie. After I had had my breakfast, I left our apartment and took the elevator down to the first floor. I felt a little ashamed so on the way out I took the garbage to do at least one good thing. It was raining outside and I decided to take a cab downtown and probably return home by the subway. I got out of the cab and walked on the sidewalk for some time, thinking which movie theatre to go to. I bought some candy and cookies, paid for the ticket and went inside. I sat down next to a middle-aged guy who looked at me and to my surprise I was sitting next to my math teacher!

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EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY Colourful expressions

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These are just a few English idioms. Learn them by matching the idioms in A with their explanations in B. B

1. Out of the blue, he would suddenly start crying. 2. Even during exams, Henry remained as cool as a cucumber. 3. We got the green light to start the project. 4. Have you heard? Jim was caught red-handed. 5. When she saw Peter with Marcia, she was green with envy. 6. When the teacher told me about my test , it was music to my ears. 7. He can play any song by ear.

a. good news b. calm c. in the very act of committing a crime d. without looking at the sheet music e. permission f. jealous g. suddenly and unexpectedly

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Track 20

PRONUNCIATION 4

1W hich words in the box follow the same pattern in the pronunciation of GH? tough laugh

dough eight -gh = f

right cough

high night

enough rough

fight

-gh is not pronounced

MINI QUIZ How well do you know the history of American music? Fill in the gaps with the names in the box. Elvis Presley

Louis Armstrong

Bob Dylan

Madonna

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Michael Jackson

UNIT 4

2 Now listen to the words and check your list.

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• J azz was created by black Americans who were brought from Africa to America as slaves. Early in the 20th century__________________ and Duke Ellington made it very popular. • ______________ and Chuck Berry were among the mid-1950s pioneers of rock and roll. • In the 1960s, ____________became one of America’s most celebrated songwriters. • Among the most popular American pop stars are _______________ and ______________ .

TRANSLATION PRACTICE

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Translate these sentences into English.

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1. Мислим да не треба стално да се хвалимо својим достигнућима. 2. Марија се одселила пре две године, али ми и даље одржавамо везу. 3. Ауто се покварио и морали смо да се вратимо пешице. 4. Да ли ти се чини да је он сувише радознао?

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DISCUSSING A PROVERB Explain the meaning of the following saying in your own words. Like a wolf in sheep’s clothing.

UNIT 5

TRADITIONAL FESTIVALS V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1C omplete the sentences with ONE word only. In three sentences the first letter of the word is given. 1. He’s now rich and famous, but he has never forgotten his humble o______________. 2. It is believed that light and noise frighten ____________ forces away. 3. People celebrate January 1st _________ a public holiday.

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4. In other countries, New Year falls______ a different time. 5. It’s so nice that Big Ben a_______________ the arrival of the New Year. 6. People often promise to give _________ bad habits. 7. As we d_____________ to the cellar, it became cooler and darker.

2 In the box find a synonym and an antonym for the words below.

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climb u

conceal

little

kind

go down trivial

show

mean

enormo

significant

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WORD FORMATION

____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

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____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________

1. generous 2. descend 3. tiny 4. display 5. important

Making adjectives

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Change each word in capital letters to complete the sentence. The new adjective/noun will end in -ed, -ing, -y, -ance, or -tion. e.g. It’s too windy to wear a hat today.

1. Lenny looked very_____________ when he saw us. 2. We’ve got some very_____________ news for you. 3. In_________ weather, the yachts usually stay in the harbour. 4. This is a very good _____________ of an old master. 5. It’s really_____________ sitting at a computer all day. 6. Now we have central_____________ and the house is much warmer. 7. Her ___________ on the stage was a great shock for her family. 30

WIND SURPRISE SURPRISE STORM REPRODUCE TIRE HEAT APPEAR

Replace the underlined words with a phrasal verb with a similar meaning. give off

give away

give in

give back

give up

UNIT 5

PHRASAL VERBS WITH GIVE

1. It is too hot in here. The electric heater produces too much heat. _____________ 2. Her words revealed something about her mother which she didn’t want to say. _____________ 3. Jim tried hard during the match, but in the end he had to admit defeat. _______________ 4. I don’t know why Jason stopped bowling. ____________ 5. Why didn’t you return the money to Beth? _____________

PREPOSITIONS Complete these sentences using the correct preposition.

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1. I think you should apply ______ this job. 2. People think that their good fortune depends _____ the first guest. 3. If nothing else, you must apologize _____ not visiting her when she was ill. 4. We knew he was suffering _____ severe shock. 5. My father doesn’t approve _____ Henry and won’t let me marry him. 6. All the members of the jury insisted _____ her innocence. 7. They all relied _____ the advice of their manager.

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LINKING WORDS

1J oin the two sentences together using the word or expression given in bold.

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Pay attention to their use: in spite of (despite) + noun or the gerund although / though / even though + clause

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Study the example. I went to the party. I didn’t feel very well. / Although Although I didn’t feel very well, I went to the party. 1. It rained heavily for a short time. The garden party was a great success. Despite __________________________________________________________ In spite of 2. James had a sore throat. He sang beautifully at his brother’s wedding. __________________________________________________________ Although 3. Computers save a lot of time. Learning to use a computer is not easy. __________________________________________________________ 4. She has wrinkles. She looks really good. Even though __________________________________________________________ 31

UNIT 5

2 Fill in the missing words. Choose from the following: although so that

except despite

because however in case but

We were all going to the Lake District __________ my brother, Jason. He couldn’t go ________ he had to study for his university entrance exam. He thought the exam would be earlier, ________ he was mistaken. _________ the weather was bad, we decided to go because we needed some rest. __________ the public holiday, there were not many cars on the road. My father let me drive our car ____________ I could have some practice. It started to rain and I drove carefully ___________ the road became slippery. ____________, everything went well and we arrived at the Lakes safe and sound.

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GRAMMAR ARTICLES

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1 Complete the following sentences with an article where necessary.

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1. ____ Trafalgar Square is ____ most famous square in London. 2. ___ cousin of John’s, who joined____ Navy last year, sent him ____ parcel yesterday. 3. _____Mount Kilimanjaro is ____ highest mountain in ____ North Africa. 4. I am _____ strong believer in _____ love and _____ peace. 5. Children go to ____ school between _____ ages of five and sixteen. 6. _____ rich and _____ famous stay at _____Ritz Hotel in London. 7. We’re going to have _____ dinner in ______ garden. 8. _____ Amazon is ______ longest river in ______ world. 9. Jill has such ______ nice trousers. 10. My brother is studying to be _____ doctor. 11. ______ football is very popular in Great Britain. 12. We went for ______ walk along _____ Sava. 2 Complete the text with an article where necessary.

Speakers’ Corner, in (1)_____ north-east corner of (2)_____ Hyde Park in London, is by tradition (3)______ area where public speeches can be made by anyone who has something to say. (4)_______speakers talk to (5)______ crowds from (6)_____ soapbox - (7)___improvised platform. Individual speakers or representatives of various organisations deliver their speeches at weekends - to (8)_____ amusement of (9)_____ passers-by. Crowds often gather around (10)___ speaker and generally feel free to make comments on the speech or simply to interrupt (11)______ speaker if they do not agree with what he is saying. Speakers’ Corner is often taken as (12)______ symbol of free speech.

1. The film is about a female boxer ______ was very successful. 2. I saw several apartments ________ were not suitable for living in. 3. This is a young couple __________ parents didn’t agree to their getting married. 4. The firm _______ I work for is sending me to England. 5. The waiter, ____________ name was Jim, was very impolite. 6. He was the first man _____ climbed Mount Everest. Track 23

UNIT 5

3 Fill in the gaps with the correct relative pronoun.

LISTENING

Listen to the text and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word in each gap. It can be an article, a preposition, a verb, or an adverb. The first is done as an example. Then listen again to check your answers.

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January 1st is an important date in Greece because it is not only the first day (0) of_ the New Year (1), _______ it is also St. Basil’s Day. St Basil (2)_______one of the forefathers of the Greek Orthodox Church. He is remembered (3)________ his kindness and generosity to the poor. It is believed that he died (4)________ this date, so this is how they honour him. New Year is perhaps even more festive and important (5)________ Christmas as it is the main day for gift-giving and for stories of St Basil’s kindness (6)________ children and stories of how he would come in the night and leave gifts (7)_______ the children in their shoes. There are many special dishes that (8)________ prepared at New Year but the (9)________ important dish is St Basil’s cake; a silver or gold coin is placed inside the cake. The cake is distributed in a strict order. The first piece is for St Basil, the second for the house, the next for the most senior member (10)________ the household down to the youngest member, also including absent members. Whoever finds the coin in their piece of cake will be lucky (11)_______ the next year.

EVERYDAY LANGUAGE

1W hat do we say in these situations? Use the expressions in the box to complete the sentences below. ‘Break a leg!’ ‘Watch out!’

‘Congratulations!’ ‘It was a great party.’

‘Merry ..... and a Happy .... !’ ‘Bless you!’

‘Cheers!’

• For Christmas and New Year we greet people saying ‘______________________’ • When people sneeze, we say: ‘____________________________’ • We often say ‘______________________’ to wish people well before an exam. • When you are in danger from an oncoming car, people shout: ‘ __________________’ •W e say ‘________________’ when we hold our glasses before we start drinking with friends or relatives.

UNIT 5

• When your friend passes an exam successfully, you say ‘________________________’ • When leaving a party you say to the host ‘ ___________________’

brings bad luck

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brings good luck

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2T oday many people still believe that if they do certain things, it will bring them good or bad luck. Read the following sentences and decide whether such things are considered to be lucky or unlucky.

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E.g. (6) (In England a black cat is lucky.)

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1. I broke a mirror yesterday. 2. Be careful today. It is Friday 13th. 3. Chris found a four-leaved clover. 4. Look! He’s walking under a ladder. 5. Touch wood! 6. Look! A black cat is crossing our path. 7. I decided to put a horseshoe above my front door. 8. Don’t open your umbrella indoors. 9. I have a key ring with a rabbit’s foot. 10. My mother was angry when my brother spilt some salt on the tablecloth.

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY Expressions with ALL A Look at the expressions with all (1-6) and match each one to the correct meaning (a-f).

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

all over all of a sudden all in all once and for all (to be) all the same (to) after all

a. on the whole b. to make no difference c. in spite of what has been said d. quickly and unexpectedly e. everywhere (on the surface of something) f. for the last time

1. Let’s settle this matter _____________________. 2. When we entered the room, we found books ______________ the floor. 3. So you’ve come __________________! 4. We were reading silently when, _________________, we heard a terrible noise. 5. I don’t think it’s a bad result, ______________. 6. I’ll let you decide. It’s __________________ me. Track 24

UNIT 5

B Use one of the expressions with all to complete these sentences.

PRONUNCIATION 5

How does –e change pronunciation? Listen to the following words or read them aloud. Put them into the right box. fine site bite cat tap lane swim lake time tape game shape tame ride bit hit shine

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sit rid

/eI/

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fit take

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MY JOURNAL

Choose either task 1 or 2 and write a short composition.

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1. Write a note to a friend, inviting him/her to a New Year’s party at your house. Give details of the time, the day, and what type of party it is. Ask if your friend can bring someone or something – friends, CDs, food or drink, and give them directions on how to get to your house.

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2. In your journal write about a time you spent with your friends (parents, relatives, alone) on New Year’s Eve. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

DISCUSSING A PROVERB Explain the meaning of the following saying in your own words. You can’t put the clock back. 35

UNIT 6

OUR GREEN PLANET V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1C omplete the sentences with ONE word only. The first letter of the word is given.

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1. A l_________ is a part of the road or a special path for the use of people riding bicycles. 2. Road v______________ include cars, buses and trucks. 3. The divorce a_____________ every aspect of her life. 4. He came in with four shopping bags and d______________ them on the table. 5. He was jailed for r_______________ secrets to the enemies. 6. A one-night stay in a m____________ hotel in Paris costs about $100. 2 Find the preposition in box B for the words in box A and make sentences.

in from by into on about

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

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rely concerned solution result dump prevent caused

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3 Write down at least three things that can be:

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polluted _______________________________________ dumped _______________________________________ wasted _______________________________________ recycled _______________________________________

WORD FORMATION Complete the sentences by using the correct form of the words in capitals.

1. They decide to ____________________ their production methods. 2. Mary is a very ____________________ person. 3. Would you be so kind as to_______________ these jeans? 4. The scandal was a major ________________ for all the club members. 5. The manager inspired respect and _______________ from his young colleagues. 6. The man was being questioned in connection with the boy’s __________. 7. His friend greeted us in a very ____________way. 8. I can’t see him properly. Can you _______________ the photo?

MODERN RELIGION SHORT EMBARRASS DEVOTE DISAPPEAR FRIEND LARGE

Study the sentences (1-5) and match the meaning of the phrasal verbs CUT DOWN and CUT OFF to the explanations (a-e). 1. The severe winter storm meant that they were cut off from the city. 2. We have to cut down on sugar if we want it to last the week. 3. We cut down the old tree in the garden as it blocked all the light. 4. The article was too long and so I had to cut it down to fit the space. 5. Our phone was cut off because we didn’t pay the bill.

UNIT 6

PHRASAL VERBS with CUT

a. consume less b. make something fall to the ground c. disconnect d. reduce the number or quantity of something e. isolate

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IDIOMS WITH HAND

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Match the halves of the sentences containing an idiom with hand so that you get their explanations. 1. If something changes hands,

a) it meant he wanted to help me. b) you experience it yourself.

3. If you experience something first-hand,

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2. If a situation gets out of hand,

c) it means she is very busy. d) it means you can no longer control it.

5. If she’s got her hands full,

e) you know him very well.

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4. When he offered to give me a hand,

GRAMMAR

f) it passes from one owner to another.

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6. When you know someone like the back of your hand,

TENSE REVISION

Complete these sentences in your own words. Use different verb forms to express past situations (the past simple, past continuous, past perfect). 1. When I last spoke to him, he _____________________________________________________ 2. It didn’t cross my mind that she __________________________________________________ 3. I noticed a strange thing while ____________________________________________________ 4. After ______________________________________________, I decided not to take his advice. 5. She couldn’t come to her party because she _________________________________________. 6. As soon as she _______________________________________________, she called the police. 7. ______________________________________________ because I had forgotten to mention it. 37

1R ewrite the following sentences using the correct passive form of the verbs in italics. 1. They’re making a film about Indian tigers. A film _________________________________________________________________________. 2. No one has painted this house for ten years. This house _____________________________________________________________________. 3. We sent the goods on 15th April. The goods ______________________________________________________________________. 4. I realised someone had stolen my wallet. I realised my wallet ______________________________________________________________. 5. The police were interviewing people in the neighbourhood last night. People in the neighbourhood _______________________________________________________.

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UNIT 6

THE PASSIVE VOICE

2 Put the following sentences into the passive form.

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1. The author has written a special edition for children. _____________________________________ 2. The teacher didn’t clean the blackboard. ______________________________________________ 3. Mother doesn’t make cakes every day. ________________________________________________ 4. They invited students to the performance. _____________________________________________ 5. We will not admit children under sixteen. ______________________________________________ 6. They are building a hotel over there. _________________________________________________ 3 Complete the sentences with the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets.

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1. This magazine ___________________________(publish) once a week. 2. This picture ___________________________(paint) by Picasso. 3. My car ______________________________(repair) twice this month. 4. These machines ___________________________(not / produce) in our country any more. 5. They ______________________________(show) the plans of the fortress at the moment. 6. When we arrived at the meeting, the problem ___________________________(discuss). 4 Look at the following sentences and write questions in the passive form.

1. Mark’s sister was injured in the accident last night. (Whose?) _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Her brother was taken to hospital because he had broken his leg. (Why?) _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. The post is delivered at about 7 o’clock every morning. (When?) _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. This parcel will be taken to the station as soon as she comes back. (Where?) ______________________________________________________________________________ 5. The missing document has not been found yet. (What?) ______________________________________________________________________________

GRAMMAR and LISTENING

5C omplete the text ‘Castles on the beach’ using the correct form of the verbs in brackets and then listen to check your answers.

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Going to the beach is no longer such a pleasant experience, thanks to the effects of pollution. Garbage _______________________(throw) into the sea and oil escapes from ships, contributing to the death of millions of seabirds and sea animals. To preserve British beaches a Castles for Clean Beaches contest ________________ (hold) last week. People ___________________ (invite) to build a sand castle, made only of water and sand, and to send in a photo of the castle. People ________ also _______________ (encourage) to report any problems or pollution seen on the beaches.

UNIT 6

Track 27

bring

cook

wash

give

look

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THE GERUND 1 Complete each sentence with a word ending in -ING. There is one extra word. find

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1. That’s all right; I don’t mind ____________ up the dirty dishes. 2. Most people try to avoid ______________ up words in a dictionary. 3. Can you imagine _______________ up six small children? 4. I am considering ______________up golf, actually. I’m too old. 5. A friend is coming to dinner, but I don’t feel like ______________ today.

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2 A number of useful expressions and phrasal verbs are followed by the gerund. Complete the sentences with one word. Example: This film is not worth seeing. 1. It’s no use ________________ him to help us. 2. What about ______________ to the cinema tonight? 3. David put off _______________ to see the doctor for as long as he could. 4. She kept me ________________ for an hour. 5. I can’t help ________________ angry when you do such a silly thing. 6. I’m looking forward to ________________ a new job. 39

UNIT 6

3T he gerund after prepositions. Complete the sentences in your own words using one of these prepositions and a verb in the gerund. in ▪ of ▪ in ▪ on ▪ of ▪ on 1. Nobody in his class is interested______________________________________________________ 2. I’m tired _______________________________________________________________________ 3. My friends are keen_______________________________________________________________ 4. If you work hard, you can succeed_____________________________________________________ 5. He really insisted ________________________________________________________________ 6. He is sad because they accused him __________________________________________________

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MATHEMATICAL OPERATIONS

1. Read and practise the following sums.

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The main mathematical operations are: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

SUBTRACTION 10 – 2 = 8 Ten minus two is eight or Two subtracted from ten is eight

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ADDITION 5 + 4 = 9 Five and four is nine or Five plus four is nine

DIVISION 15 : 5 = 3 Fifteen divided by five is three or Five into fifteen goes 3 times

2 Read the following fractions and decimals. 5/6 1/4 2/7 1/3 4/5 26.5 35.7 43.8 54.9

3 Read the following sums. 25 + 6 = 31 32 – 4 = 28 10 x 8 = 80 35 : 7 = 5

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MULTIPLICATION 4 x 3 = 12 Four times three is twelve or Four multiplied by three is twelve

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EVERYDAY LANGUAGE

Complete the following exchange.

A: I’d rather not _________________________________________. B. Oh, I’m sorry. What _____________________________________?

A: Do you mind____________________________? B: No, not at all.

A: Would you prefer __________________ or ______________ this evening? B: I’d love to___________________________________.

A: What kind of _______________ do you like? B: The one I like most ____________________________.

A: I can’t stand_____________________________. B: Never mind. He won’t come to the party.

Find the explanations for these environmental expressions. a. cutting down all the trees in an area b. a layer of ozone gas that prevents the sun’s ultraviolet radiation from reaching the earth 3. greenhouse c. the study of the relationship between living things and their environment effect 4. ozone layer d. the problem of the rise in temperature in the Earth’s atmosphere because heat is absorbed from the sun but cannot leave the atmosphere 5. deforestation f. a densely wooded area with an annual rainfall of 200cm 1. ecology 2. rain forest

Track 28

UNIT 6

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY

PRONUNCIATION 6 teeth thriller their nothing through both father fifth

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there theatre the thanks though another third that

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Listen to the words in the box, say them aloud, and complete the chart below.

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TRANSLATION AND MEDIATION

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Your English friend David has come to your town to attend a music festival. Your mother wants to know what his impressions are. You should take the role of interpreter. Your mother: Какви су ти утисци о нашем граду, Давиде? David: I really like the festival mood in the town. The programme is interesting and many of my favourite bands will participate. However, I’ve noticed a lot of litter in the streets and I see that plastic bags are still in use here. You need to ban them. Garbage contains so much plastic material and burning plastic can be extremely harmful for the atmosphere. Your mother: У праву си. Сви смо забринути за нашу животну средину и желимо да смањимо загађење. Али неки људи су немарни.

DISCUSSING SAYINGS Quotations about the environment Explain the meaning of the following sayings in your own words. Give some examples to support your opinion. 1. Take care of the earth and she will take care of you. ~ Author Unknown 2. Modern technology owes ecology an apology. ~Alan M. Edison 3. Don’t blow it - good planets are hard to find. ~ Quoted in Time 4. We never know the worth of water till the well is dry. ~ Thomas Fuller 41

1. _______ Netherlands is in _______ Western Europe. A / The / a / B / The / ___ / C / ___ / the / 2. They yelled at him and accused him ________ the evidence. A to hide B of hiding C of being hidden 3. A few workers _____ a break because they were all tired. A suggested to take B suggested taking C suggested them to take 4. Don’t worry; he will be back _______ an hour. He promised. A for B in C until 5. You believe that everything depends _______ me, don’t you? A in B on C at 6. I think we should all congratulate him ______ his success. A for B on C at 7. ______ he is over thirty, he is a student. A Because B Although C In spite 8. The government has said they won’t ________ to the workers’ demands. A give in B give up C give off 9. I expect that the fence __________ tomorrow. A will repair B must repair C will be repaired 10. Don’t go there. The room __________ at the moment. A is being cleaned B is cleaned C is cleaning 2 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.

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GENERAL REVISION 2

1 Circle the correct answer.

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1. When I (arrive) ______________home last night, I discovered that my wife (already/prepare) _______________________a beautiful candle-lit dinner. 2. I (see) ______________many pictures of the pyramids before I went to Egypt. 3. My brother is an author. He (write) ____________mystery novels and short stories. He (write) ________________ nine novels and four collections of short stories so far. 4. My best friend and I (know) _________________each other for over fifteen years. We still _____________(get) together once a week. 5. I (not/have) ____________________this much fun since I (be)________a kid. 6. Marco, I can’t believe how much you (change) ________________since the last time I (see) _________you. You (grow) _________________at least 10cm. 7. Peter had to climb in through a window because he ____________ (lose) his house key. 3 Add an article where necessary.

1. Susan hopes to go to ______ university next year. 2. Her parents think ________life is more difficult in _______ foreign country. 3. _______ examinations always make him nervous. 4. _______ cats don’t like _________cold weather. 5. Jane’s mother has gone to ________ school for _________ meeting. 6. ________ Germans enjoy drinking ________ beer.

1. Her classmates have given her a lot of birthday presents today. ______________________________________________________________________ 2. The pupils asked the headmaster a lot of different questions. ______________________________________________________________________ 3. Nobody has told me what to do. ______________________________________________________________________ 4. Someone had sent them a warning before they sailed out. ______________________________________________________________________ 5. While they were serving dinner, the lights went out. ______________________________________________________________________

GENERAL UNIT 6 REVISION 2

4C hange these sentences into the passive. Make the underlined words the subjects of the passive sentences.

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5P ut the verbs in brackets into the correct form and use the correct preposition where necessary.

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1. It was Peter’s first trip and he was excited ______ __________ (go) there. 2. She doesn’t care about money. She’s only interested ____ ___________ (publish) her novel. 3. You’ve already phoned him six times today. It’s no use ___________(try) again. 4. If your boss finds out you were not ill, you risk ______________ (lose) your job. 5. Because he is overweight, he is bad ______ __________(play) games.

fly ______________ win ______________ study _____________

run ________________ take ________________ dig ________________

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believe ___________ die ___________ begin ___________

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6 Write the -ing form of the following verbs.

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7C omplete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Use the word given in bold. 1. My parents said: “Well done” when I passed the test. /congratulated My parents ______________________________________________the test. 2. I am tired and I’d like to have a rest. /forward I’m __________________________________________________ a rest. 3. We couldn’t sleep because of the noise. /prevented The noise _____________________________________________________. 4. It’s impossible for me not to laugh when he starts singing. /help I can’t _________________________________ when he starts singing. 5. I can’t play tennis very well. /good I _______________________________________ playing tennis. 6. Nobody has cut the lawn for weeks! /hasn’t The lawn _________________________________ for weeks. 43

UNIT 7

THE MEDIA V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1 Match the word on the left (1-10) with its opposite on the right (a-j). 1. polite 2. generous 3. nervous 4. personal 5. wide

a. calm b. public c. rude d. narrow e. selfish

6. interesting 7. regular 8. formal 9. drawbacks 10. significant

f. casual g. unimportant h. advantages i. boring j. rare

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2 Use the words from Exercise 1 to complete the sentences below.

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1. One of the ________________ of living with someone is having to share a bathroom. 2. There has been a ___________increase in the number of female students in recent years. 3. It was most _______________ of you to lend me the money. 4. She doesn’t like formal clothes, but prefers ____________________ ones. 5. Pop stars make ___________________appearances on TV.

go out

go into

go on

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3C hoose the phrasal verb from the box and use it in the correct form to complete the sentences. go over

go off

go up

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1. He didn’t ______________ any detail. He just said they were getting a divorce. 2. The alarm ______________ and scared everyone in the room. 3. This place is a mess! What _______________________ here last night? 4. They love to ______________ to the cinema at weekends. 5. The price of petrol ____________, which made motorists very angry. 6. You must always ______________ the documents before a meeting. 4M atch the expressions (1- 10) with the synonymous words and expressions in the box (a-i). Use a dictionary if necessary. a) behind the times d) never h) very soon

1. time after time 2. at the time 3. for the time being 4. any moment now 5. old-fashioned

b) finally/eventually c) for now/ temporarily e) never-ending f) then g) immediately j) occasionally/every now and then i) repeatedly

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ _____a________

6. endless 7. once in a while 8. not for a moment 9. at once 10. in the end

______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________

1. As we drove through the countryside, the beautiful scenery attracted his attention now and then/for the time being. 2. Keeping the house clean is a never-ending/repeatedly chore. 3. Immediately/Occasionally things don’t go as we plan. 4. I think the show will start any moment now/then. 5. We don’t know how he did it, but he escaped from prison never/time after time.

UNIT 7

5 Circle the correct alternative.

WORD FORMATION Complete these sentences by using the correct form of the word in brackets.

LISTENING

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EXPECT VIOLENT INFORM ENJOY SUPERVISE BEHAVE

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1. What are your __________________ when it comes to TV programmes? 2. Is there too much ____________________ on TV? 3. Which media is the best source of ______________________? 4. Some people think that television encourages passive_________________. 5. Do you agree that children shouldn’t watch TV without __________________? 6. Children develop aggressive ____________ by watching violent programmes.

Social media

1 Listen to the text and complete the sentences.

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1. Social media is ____________ developing in all _________ of the world. 2. Ann uses Facebook to see what people are ___________ to. 3. Emily uses Facebook because of its _____________. 4. Shannon thinks that it is a kind of ___________ without going out. 5. Martha first _________ that Facebook was not that important. 6. Students’ answers ____________ that they use it to find out what’s going on in each others’ lives. 2M atch the words (1-6) with the nouns (a-f) to make collocations. In some cases more than one collocation is possible. The first one has been done for you. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

phone confirm easy recent main integral

a. b. c. d. e. f.

access survey reason part reservation number

1 2 3 4 5 6

UNIT 7

3 Complete these sentences with an appropriate collocation from Exercise 2. 1. She refused to give him her_______________________________. 2. They found a store with ____________________________ and broke in. 3. A _________________ has shown that more and more people read news on the Internet. 4. Cycling has become an _____________________________ of life in our city. 5. We must find out what the _____________________________ for this conflict is. 6. We need to send an e-mail and _______________ our ________________.

GRAMMAR 1L ook at the verbs in the box and put them into the correct column. Some verbs can belong to more than one category.

verb + object + infinitive

verb + ing form

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verb + bare infinitive verb + infinitive

expect finish (not) mind let would prefer encourage advise consider prefer remember

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avoid can’t afford decide make would rather risk offer suggest refuse

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arrange allow practise

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2U se six verbs from the box to make true statements about yourself. Use a dictionary if you need to check verb patterns.

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Example: I prefer playing games on the computer to watching TV. 3 In each sentence, choose the best phrase (a, b, c, or d) to complete the gap.

1. None of the pupils _________ to take Tom’s books. a) remembered b) consider c) suggested d) didn’t forget 2. Many guests _______ on having the air conditioning on in their hotel rooms. a) order b) advise c) insist d) ask 3. One of the pupils ________ having the lesson in the garden as it was a beautiful day. a) advised b) insisted c) asked d) suggested 4. I was totally shocked when the police _________ being a thief. a) told me b) accused me of c) suggested me d) claimed me of 5. I was ________ not to go there alone. a) insisted b) suggested c) warned d) promised 6. Diana apologized ________ one of the students’ names for the third time. a) that she forgot b) for forgetting c) to not remember d) for he forgot

1. My mother always makes me__________ breakfast before going to school. 2. I dislike ___________________to the movies by myself. 3. I am used to _________________ her in a bad mood. 4. I never refuse __________________money to a friend if he asks me. 5. I used ___________________that television programme all the time. 6. I stopped _____________ some groceries because I wanted to prepare dinner.

UNIT 7 1

4 Use an appropriate verb to complete the sentences.

5W rite C (for countable) or U (for uncountable) next to each of the nouns. Then make sentences with six of the uncountable nouns from the list. Example: music U – I like listening to music.

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music ___, art ___, weather ___, bottle ___, love___, story ___, happiness ___, egg ___, advice___, information___, bread ___, journey ___, travel ___, news ___, biscuit ___, furniture___, luggage ___, warning ___, job___, rice___, sugar___ , electricity___, gas___

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1. The baby was getting a new tooth. 2. A fly is an insect, while a wolf is a wild animal. 3. A loaf of bread is cut in half before serving. 4. There is a box of chocolates on the shelf. 5. A thief is not regarded as a respectable man.

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6R ewrite the following sentences using the plural forms of the nouns and making appropriate changes.

EVERYDAY LANGUAGE

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INVITATION Sending and replying to invitations by e-mail.

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Read these e-mails and find three invitations and their replies.

Hi ......, My parents have bought a new TV with a really huge screen. It will be fun watching the World Cup final, which is taking place on Sunday. It starts at 8 o’clock, but you can come earlier. We haven’t had a chat for a long time. I’ll invite a couple of our friends, too. My parents will take care of drinks and snacks. You don’t have to worry about that. Regards, Martin

Hi.... Thanks for inviting me. I’m afraid it’s bad timing. On June 10th I’m travelling to the USA with my band. We’ve been offered a very good opportunity to tour the States, giving concerts in several big cities. We’re staying for a month. I hope you’ll find someone else to go with you C and that you’ll have a good time. Love, Helen Hi... Congratulations! I won’t miss the opportunity to have a drink to celebrate. I’ll be busy until 7.30, but I’ll make it even though it’s on the other side of town. Steve D

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UNIT 7

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Hi ......., Thanks for the invitation. I’m looking forward to watching the match with you and the other guys. As for drinks, I’ll be glad to bring a few bottles of Coca Cola - it’s no fun watching football without Coke. Your parents are really great. My best regards to them. Jack

Hello there, I hope you aren’t sleeping. I’ve got some great news. From today on I’ll be playing basketball for the Tigers. I want all my friends to share in my happiness so I’m inviting you to the Big Bear tomorrow evening at 8 o’clock to celebrate the event. I hope you’ll come. Cameron

Hi......, You’ll be very surprised when you read this mail. A tourist agency in my neighbourhood had a promotion of their trips and I was invited. Guess what?! I won the raffle! It’s a trip to the Canaries for two people, starting on June 12th. I’m inviting you to join me. I hope you can come. Write to me as soon as possible because I have to organize the tickets and other things. Love, Katy

Work in pairs. Take it in turns to write an invitation to your partner and to reply to his/hers.

Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs below in the correct form. Use a dictionary if you need to check the meaning of the verbs. get along

give up

look forward to

see off

stand for

UNIT 7

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY

1. IT _______________ Information Technology. 2. I used to enjoy skating, but I had to _________ it ______ after I broke my leg. 3. They’ve gone to the airport to _______ their parents _______. 4. I’m afraid the two of them don’t ___________________ very well. 5. I’ve worked too much this year. I’m ___________________ going on holiday.

KEY WORD TRANSFORMATIONS

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Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Use the word given in bold.

Track 32

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1. There’s no point in watching that film; everybody says it’s boring. (worth) That film _______________________________. Everybody says it’s boring. 2. Edward has the ability to succeed in his exams. (capable) Edward _________________________________________________________. 3. They were still painting the room when we arrived. (finished) They ______________________________________________ when we arrived. 4. I don’t find it hard to work overtime. (used) I _____________________________________ overtime. 5. I don’t pay the bills until I have to. (avoid) I _________________________________________ I have to. 6. I know I put the money in my wallet. (remember) I ______________________________________ in my wallet.

PRONUNCIATION 7

Which of these words has a different vowel sound? Cross out the odd word out. 1. instead increase breathe sea 2. Greenpeace dead eat leader 3. dear clear wear near

MY JOURNAL Write a short composition of about 100 words. Students should use the Internet at school for learning all subjects. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

UNIT 8

THE GENERATION G AP V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1 Complete the sentences with phrases from the box. There is one extra phrase. passive attitude ▪ mutual friend ▪ overall rise ▪ brought up set the rules ▪ inevitable consequences ▪ wise advice

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1. The defeat had ___________________ for the policy of their country. 2. The ______________in unemployment is a serious problem nowadays. 3. His ________________made things more difficult for me. 4. We were introduced by a ____________________. 5. We had been ________________to think that borrowing things was bad. 6. The boy decided to follow his mother’s ___________________.

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a) busy b) happy c) open-minded d) sure e) open-handed f) frightened

1 2 3 4 5 6

1) generous 2) scared 3) engaged 4) cheerful 5) convinced 6) broad-minded

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2M atch the adjectives on the left (1-6) with their synonyms (a-f). The first one has been done for you.

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3F ill in the gaps in these sentences using some of the adjectives (1-6) from Exercise 2.

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1. She’s always been ___________ of heights. 2. My sister’s really _____________. She’s always buying things for her friends. 3. He had tried to telephone his wife once, but without success: the line was_________. 4. His father is so _________________. He respects views that differ from his own. 5. I was ______________ that they would manage to do it well.

USEFUL PHRASES 4 Complete these sentences with the correct form of these expressions. in my opinion ▪ on the other hand ▪ in order to ▪ make an effort ▪ take part

1. He would like to ____________________ in the competition, but he’s hurt his leg. 2. __________________, they don’t deserve to be rewarded. 3. He promised he would _______________ to finish the work on time. 4. He worked hard ___________________ save some money for a holiday. 5. Harry is lazy. _______________________________, Susan deserved her success.

1M ake negative forms of the adjectives in the box by adding the appropriate prefixes, and then put each adjective into the correct column. honest tolerant appropriate pleasant successful obedient tidy usual known aware helpful dependent capable interested approving UN IN DIS independent

UNIT 8

WORD FORMATION

2U se the prefixes un, in and dis to make the opposites of the words in italics in the short text below.

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Darko is a sociable, sensitive and tolerant person. He seems aware of other people’s feelings. He is often sympathetic and kind. I think he is satisfied with his life. His wife Tanja is reasonable and often speaks of the advantages of living in the country. Her behaviour is often predictable. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________

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3C omplete the sentences with the correct (negative) form of the words in brackets. Use the prefixes dis, un and in.

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1. Your result is _______________. Try again. (accurate) 2. It’s impossible to please her because she _____________ of everything I do. (approve) 3. His arrival was completely ___________________. (expected) 4. Could I call you back later? It’s rather _____________ at the moment. (convenient) 5. The teacher was very _________________ with our test results. (satisfied) 4 Try to think of a word with ‘-less’ to complete the following sentences. Example: You never think about other people. You are

thoughtless.

1. These people have nowhere to live. They are _________________. 2. Don’t be afraid. This dog doesn’t bite. It’s ____________________. 3. This dish has no flavour at all. It’s absolutely ___________________. 4. You should buy a new lighter; this one doesn’t work. It’s _______________. 5. He doesn’t believe he will ever find a job. He feels ____________________.

UNIT 8

GRAMMAR REPORTED SPEECH 1 Retell the dialogue. T = a teacher / S = a student

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T: Where are you from? S: I am from Italy. T: And how did you like Oxford when you first arrived? S: Well, I like it here. I think the city is very beautiful. T: Are you satisfied with your accommodation? S: Yes. At first I stayed with a family for several months. They were kind, but they had two young children so I decided to move out. Now I am living with two other students in a student house. T: What are you studying? S: I’m studying Computing. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

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‘I have never done this before.’ He told me ___________________________________________. ‘I will write to you.’ She promised me ______________________________________________. ‘There are not many of his friends here.’ She said _____________________________________. ‘Something must be done.’ The reporter said _________________________________________. ‘I don’t exercise every day.’ Sheila told me ___________________________________________.

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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2 Report the following statements.

3 Turn the following sentences into reported speech.

1. ‘Have you had your hair cut?’ Ann asked Jessie. ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. ‘Do you want to leave?’ Peter asked. ‘The party is really terrible.’ ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. ‘When are you going to write the report?’ asked the manager. ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. ‘Did you get any marks yesterday?’ John’s mother asked him. ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. ‘Are you busy? I need to talk to you.’ David said to his brother. ________________________________________________________________________________ 6. ‘When did you last go to the theatre?’ the teacher asked his students. ________________________________________________________________________________

Example: Ann said they could go as they had finished their homework. ‘You can go as you have finished your homework’, said Ann.

Track 36

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1. The witness claimed that he had seen the man breaking into the house. ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. My friend asked me if I had passed the test. ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. He said that he had been there several times. ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Jack asked his wife if she wanted to go with him to the show. ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Tom asked me if I was exhausted because I had worked hard the whole day. ________________________________________________________________________________

UNIT 8

4 Rewrite these sentences as direct speech.

LISTENING

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Teens and parents in conflict Pre-listening task

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Work in small groups. Discuss the questions.

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1W hich words in the box would you use to describe how teenagers might feel during their adolescence?

excitement ▪ happiness ▪ insecurity ▪ peacefulness ▪ moodiness ▪ loneliness physical changes ▪ a sense of responsibility ▪ jealousy ▪ tidiness ▪ sensitivity

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2T ell the class when the last time was you quarrelled with a member of your family. Why did it happen? 3W hat sort of things might spoil the relationship with your parents? Complete the sentences to make them true for you. 1. I sometimes quarrel with my parents because __________________________________________ 2. My parents never forbid me to ______________________________________________________ 3. I always ask for my parents’ permission when __________________________________________ 4. I would like my parents to _________________________________________________________ 5. I don’t like it when my parents tell me to ______________________________________________ 4T he words (1-4) are from the text you are going to listen to. Match them to their synonyms (a-d). 1. mostly 2. rows 3. mature 4. sort out

a. disagreements/quarrels b. solve c. grown-up d. mainly

UNIT 8

5L isten to the text Teens and parents in conflict. Finish these sentences according to the information in the text. Then listen again and check. 1. Teenager/parent rows are usually about _____________________________________. 2. The children are angry with their parents because they try to ____________________ . 3. Parents want to decide about _____________________________________________. 4. As kids grow up, they want to become ______________________________________. 5. Parents sometimes have problems _________________________________. 6. Talking can help both sides to ______________________________________. 7. In most cases they manage to ________________their problems successfully.

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY

a) b) c) d) e) f)

use something in smaller amounts decrease destroy a building reduce the volume make less excited cause to fall from an upright to a lying position

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pull down go down cut down (on) calm down knock down turn down

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

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Phrasal verbs with DOWN Match the phrases (1-6) with the explanations (a-f) and use the phrases to complete the sentences below.

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1. I’m trying to ______________ on caffeine. 2. Unfortunately, the old castle has been _____________. 3. Prices of digital cameras ______________ dramatically over the last couple of years. 4. She was ______________ by a bus. 5. I_____________ the children _____________ with a story. 6. You had better ___________ that music___________ before Dad gets angry.

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KEY WORD TRANSFORMATIONS

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Use the word given in bold. 1. ‘Move your car immediately or else I’ll call the police!’ (had better) You ____________________________ I’ll call the police! 2. His mother forced him to clean his room. (made) His mother _______________________ clean his room. 3. Do they let their guests smoke in that restaurant? (allow) ________________________________ in that restaurant? 4. That raincoat costs too much. (afford) I _________________________ that raincoat. 5. ‘Where did you catch the thief?’ Janice asked the policeman. (where) Janice asked the policeman _________________________ the thief. 6. His sister arrived here twelve months ago. (for) His sister _______________________________ year.

UNIT 8

EVERYDAY LANGUAGE What would you say in these situations? 1. You arrive late for a meeting. Apologize and say why you are late. 2. You are in a waiting room. Politely ask the person sitting next to the window to open it. 3. Your friend saw the film you want to see. Ask him what he thought of it. 4. You are introduced to someone you’ve always wanted to meet. Start a conversation with them. 5. You are at a party. You don’t know the person next to you, but you’d like to start a conversation with them.

PRONUNCIATION 8

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Track 37

short fork caught pour

foot full pull should

rule prove proof include

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thick print exit rich

peace sheet lead fourteen

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pot cot fox proper

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Practise the following pairs of short and long vowels. Listen and repeat.

TRANSLATION AND MEDIATION

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Student A is telling Student B about a very unpleasant conversation with his teacher. Student B is with his/her friend, Student C, who doesn’t understand Serbian well. Student C wants to know what happened at school. Student B takes the role of interpreter. Student A Професор енглеског језика се љутио зато што сам опет закаснио/закаснила. Питао ме је зар немам сат и зашто увек касним понедељком. Рекао ми је да никад више не смем да закасним и тражио је да му покажем домаћи задатак. Нажалост, ја га нисам имао. Student B Using reported speech, Student B explains to Student C why the teacher was angry.

DISCUSSING A PROVERB Explain the meaning of the following saying in your own words. First come, first served. 55

UNIT 9

FRIENDSHIP V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1J oin the verbs (1-5) with the words (a-e) to make collocations. Two verbs can make more than one collocation. Then make sentences using the collocations. a. an opportunity b. aware c. interest d. bankrupt e. notice

_________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

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1. go 2. look for 3. take 4. lose 5. become

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2S tudy the use of the word common in the following sentences.

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1. The meaning of friendship certainly goes beyond the simple and the common. 2. Even a common cold prevents him from going to school. 3. We shared a common language. 4. We have a lot in common with other students in the group. 5. It is common knowledge that he is a thief. 6. John is very rude to his sister. He’s so common. 7. They have built the children’s playground for the common good.

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3 Write four sentences to show four different meanings of the word common.

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WORD FORMATION Form the correct noun or adjective from the words in capital letters. 1. What is the normal ______________age in this country? 2. I have read all the newspaper _________________ for a new car. 3. Was Steve given the ______________ he wanted? 4. The author gave _____________ reasons for having written the book. 5. He never asked her to marry him out of fear of_______________. 6. The manager told his partners that he didn’t want any ____________. 56

RETIRE ADVERTISE PROMOTE VARIETY REJECT INTERFERE

Listen to the text once without looking at it. Then complete the text using ONE word for each gap. Listen again and check your answers. Track 41

UNIT 9

OPEN CLOZE

Is there a recipe for a good friendship?

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PREPOSITIONS

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We tend _____think that friends we see more frequently are better friends, but _____is not necessarily the case. We have friends whom we see almost every ________ of our lives. Though we can have great times together, we know deep down that we can’t depend _____them for help in any important way. ____ the other hand, we can have friends whom we rarely see, _________ we can count on them to help us. Help is only one of many criteria by which one could value friendships, but it happens to be the most common standard by _________people value personal relationships. _________ friends are good for parties. Some are good to talk to. Some are good to _______business with. Some are good to _________ games with. Some are good to live with. This also means that some friends are not suitable ______ certain occasions. _____instance, just because you have fun _____ parties with Joe, it does not mean that he would make a good roommate. Just because you talk to Jane about ____________ in your life, it does not mean that she would make a good business partner. There are certain types of people that are only appropriate for certain situations.

Fill in each gap with an appropriate preposition from the list. about at

for

in of

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with

1. I do apologize_______ bringing Rachel, but she insisted_______ coming. 2. He was bored ________doing the same thing day in day out. 3. Although James is perfectly capable ____ getting good marks, he never does. 4. The examiner congratulated Tom ______ passing his driving test. 5. Despite the strong wind, we succeeded ______ putting up our tent. 6. Jim is good ______drawing, but he isn’t really interested ____becoming an artist. 7. I’m not responsible _______breaking the vase. It was Greg’s fault. 8. She is so excited ________ going on the trip.

UNIT 9

GRAMMAR CONDITIONAL SENTENCES 1 Complete the sentences with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets. 1. If I ______________(own) a car, I would drive to work. 2. I would read more if I ______________(not/watch) so much TV. 3. If you help me move tomorrow, I ______________(buy) you dinner. 4. If she ______________(be) rich, she would buy a yacht. 5. You _______________(get) to the meeting on time if you leave now. 6. I wouldn’t do it unless I ______________ (love) you. 7. If there ________________ (be) a good breeze on Sunday, we’ll go hang-gliding.

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2 Complete each of the following sentences in an appropriate way.

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1. If I had to spend a year living abroad, I _____________________________________ 2. If I had the power to change one thing in my country, I __________________________ 3. I will learn more if _______________________________________________________ 4. I’d be really pleased if ____________________________________________________ 5. If someone gives me some money for my birthday, _____________________________ 6. I won’t offend a friend unless _______________________________________________

disappointed

embarrassed

furious

lonely

depressed

bored

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3S ay how you would feel if you found yourself in the following situations. Use the adjectives from the box in second conditional sentences.

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Look at the example. You have to do the same stupid thing over and over again. If I had to do that, I would feel bored.

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1. You want to go to the concert, but there are no more tickets. 2. Someone pours red paint on your bag. 3. You have no friends and nobody to talk to. 4. It has been raining for days and you cannot go out. 5. You don’t have the drink you have offered to your guests.

REPORTED SPEECH 1 Rewrite the sentences as reported speech.

1. ‘Are you planning to go on the school trip tomorrow?’ William asked me whether ________________________________________________________. 2. ‘Don’t forget to invite Tom,’ said Pauline. Pauline told me_______________________________. 3. ‘Have you received your salary yet?’ my wife asked. My wife asked me_______________________________________________________________. 4. ‘Is somebody serving you, sir?’ The waiter asked ______________________________________. 5. ‘The workers fought bravely for their rights.’ He said __________________________________.

UNIT 9

6. ‘Do you know how old John is?’ She asked him _______________________________________. 7. ‘I know where I can get information about these strange monuments.’ She declared ___________________________________________________________________. 8. ‘I don’t know what they will say.’ My brother admitted that _________________________________________________________. 2 Complete the sentences. Example: My sister asked me if I was going

to school or not.

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1. David asked his mother _________________________ something for dinner. 2. Peter asked us _____________________________________ to Hungary. 3. George asked me ____________________________ many photographs. 4. Diana asked her friend where________________________ the blue dress. 5. Marko asked his sister ___________________________ their dog.

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ADVERBS Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.

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1. We studied (yesterday afternoon, the map, carefully, in the hotel). _________________________________________________________________________ 2. You sang (last night, beautifully, at the concert). _________________________________________________________________________ 3. Things changed (in the office, dramatically, really). _________________________________________________________________________ 4. I finished (rather, the test, easily). _________________________________________________________________________ 5. It rained (in the east, heavily, last night). _________________________________________________________________________ 6. My husband works (on Saturday, in the garage, often). _________________________________________________________________________ 7. We were sitting (all evening, quietly, in the garden). _________________________________________________________________________

QUANTIFIERS Use (a) few or (a) little in the correct form.

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1. Could I have __________ cream, please? Thank you. 2. Very __________ people were flying because of terrorist activities. 3. The postman doesn’t often come here. We receive __________ letters. 4. The snow was getting quite deep. I had __________ hope of getting home that night. 5. Tony is a keen golfer, but unfortunately he has __________ability. 6. I could speak __________ words of French, but I wasn’t very fluent. 7. She made the ____________ mistakes of all the children in the class. 8. There was ___________ furniture in the room.

Collocations with DO and MAKE A Look at the collocations with the verbs do and make and try to use them in sentences of your own. Use make to talk about things you create. Use do to talk about activities, things connected with work, or household tasks. • do • do • do • do • do • do • do

business (with someone) the washing a lot of research a job one’s best a favour exercises

• make • make • make • make • make • make • make

fun of someone a lasting impression an announcement arrangements an effort progress money

Example: You should never make fun of your friends.

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UNIT 9

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY

B Complete the sentences with the correct form of either make or do.

COMPLAINING

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EVERYDAY LANGUAGE

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1. You must ____________ an appointment if you want to see the doctor. 2. I don’t know where he works, but I know he _________ a lot of money. 3. She’s ____________ a lot of friends at university. 4. He _________ his best to help her recover from the shock. 5. He never ___________ his own bed. 6. Why haven’t you _________ the washing-up yet? 7. It will __________ you good to take a rest. 8. I can’t go with you. I have to _________ my homework.

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Your friend is always complaining about some unimportant things. You want to tell him/her that he/ she should look on the bright side of life. Match his/her complaints and your answers. You may add some comments of your own. Your friend 1. I have no money. 2. I have too much homework to do. 3. I don’t have a girlfriend/boyfriend to go to Cameron’s party with. 4. I don’t have anything nice to wear for the party. 5. The service in this restaurant is really bad. 6. My nose is running all the time. 60

You a. I can help you if you want me to. b. There will be a lot of nice people there and you will have a good time. c. Yes, but you have a lot of friends. d. You forget last summer when we wanted to earn some money working in McDonald’s, how clumsy we were! e. Come on! You’ll be better in a few days. f. What about that nice shirt/dress you bought last week?

PRONUNCIATION 9

Find the rhyme The Arrow and the Song – written by Henry W. Longfellow Complete the song with the given words following the rhyme. Listen to check your answers. strong where oak friend flight air

I breathed a song into the ____________, It fell to earth, I knew not where; For who has sight so keen and ________, That it can follow the flight of song?

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Explanation oak – a kind of tree unbroke (poetic) – unbroken

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Long, long afterwards, in an ___________ I found the arrow, still unbroke; And the song, from beginning to end, I found again in the heart of a __________.

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I shot an arrow into the air, It fell to earth, I knew not ____________. For, so swiftly it flew, the sight Could not follow it in its ______________.

UNIT 9

Track 42

MY JOURNAL

Write a short composition of about 100 words.

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My best friend disappointed me once when I needed her/him most _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

DISCUSSING A PROVERB Explain the meaning of the following saying in your own words. Give some examples to support your opinion. The pen is mightier than the sword. 61

1. If he ____________ (drive) fast enough, he would be there before noon. 2. If you buy a return ticket, it _____________ (cost) you less. 3. If she ____________ (be) rich, she would buy a yacht. 4. He asked me if I ________________ (find) the way easily. 2 Put the words in brackets in the correct position. 1. Your son ate his breakfast today. (quickly) 2. I get up late at weekends. (usually) 3. I liked those white flowers. (really) 4. She is early for her lesson. (often) 3 Add an article where necessary. 1. We went by __________ train to ________ west of England. 2. David learned to play______ violin when he was at______ university. 3. We usually have _______ dinner after_______ work. 4. Peter lives somewhere in _______North America in a place near ___ Lake Ontario. 5. ________most cars start badly on_____ cold mornings. 6. Jack’s been out of _______work for almost _____ year.

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GENERAL REVISION 3

1 Fill in the gaps with the verb in brackets in the correct tense.

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4 Use phrasal verbs with GIVE, BRING, SET and LOOK to complete the sentences.

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1. Would you mind ________________ our cats while we are away on holiday? 2. All my friends have _______________ smoking recently. Isn’t it incredible?! 3. Plastic ______________ a horrible smell when it is burnt. 4. I was _________________ by my grandmother. 5. He _______________ all the new words in his bilingual dictionary. 6. We ___________ on our journey early the next morning. because

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5 Complete these sentences with a suitable word or phrase from the box. although

in order to

so that

1. She took her boyfriend’s sister out to dinner _____________ she didn’t like her. 2. I have asked you to come here _____________ explain the situation to you. 3. The weather was terrible, _____________ they decided to stay at home. 4. He bought some new shoes_____________ his old ones were worn out. 5. He took the key with him ______________ he could come home later. 6 Complete the sentences with the correct form of make, do or have.

1. My father is too busy ____________ money to enjoy himself. 2. She’s happier now that she has ____________ a few friends. 3. When are you going to ____________ a bath? 4. He has to ____________ military service next year. 5. Well, you’ve __________ your best. 6. The fresh air will ____________ you a lot of good.

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1. ‘I haven’t been to the seaside for a long time.’ Tessa said _____________________________________________________________________ 2. ‘I’m trying to get a job.’ He informed us ____________________________________________ 3. ‘Can you tell me the time, please?’ She asked me _____________________________________ 4. ‘Are they enjoying their stay in London?’ She wanted to know _____________________________________________________________ 5. ‘Bob, how long have you known my sister?’ Tom asked __________________________________ _ _________________________________ 6. ‘Does he know how to get there?’ She asked _________________________________________ 7. ‘What else did you notice when you were there?’ He wanted to know _____________________________________________________________ 8. ‘Don’t be late for school.’ Father told me ____________________________________________

GENERAL REVISION 3

7 Report the following sentences.

8 Fill in the gaps using ONE word.

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1. You _______________ eat so much if you are on diet. 2. You don’t think she is a good friend, _______ you? 3. I went on _____ excursion the other day, but _______ trip was rather boring. 4. They ________two medals at the last Olympics. 5. This book is mine. I wonder _________ that one is. 6. Come here, children! Help _______________ to some biscuits. 7. Have you made __________your mind what to study? 8. He is particularly keen _______ sports.

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9 Circle the right answer.

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1. All my pupils behave __________. A good B well C bad 2. This is the first time I _________ so many people in one place. A have seen B saw C see 3. Do you feel like ________with us or ________ you prefer staying here? A to come / do B coming / do C coming / would 4. I’m really looking forward __________ my new job. A starting B to start C to starting 5. Did Jerry marry _________your sister in the end? A to B with C ___ 6. The baby ________ in our bed. A used to sleeping B is used to sleep C isn’t used to sleeping 7. Nobody is accusing you ____ that money. We know you arrived ____the club late. A for stealing / at B of stealing / in C of stealing / at 8. We have ______ homework today than yesterday. A less B fewer C smaller 9. She cut ______ from twenty cigarettes a day to ten. A down B up C off

UNIT 10

HOLIDAY DESTINATIONS V O C A B U L A R Y ac b 1 Fill in the gaps with a word from the reading texts in Unit 10.

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1. In biology, a s _______________is one of the basic units of biological classification. 2. A beautiful lake was surrounded by snow-covered mountain p__________. 3. The resort offers a wide range of f__________ for young and old alike. 4. They wanted to have a long walk and climbed a gentle s__________. 5. The view of the mountains was very p_________________. 6. Most women think that this actor is very attractive and find him i_________________. 2M atch the adjectives (box A) to the nouns (box B) to make collocations and use these collocations to complete the sentences below. courageous unforgettable adventurous luxurious enormous hotels people experience day costs performance

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A B

educational

Track 45

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1. Our holiday turned out to be a very _______________________________. 2. This is one of the country’s most ___________________________________. 3. It was an ____________________________________ at the beach. 4. We all agreed that although the actors were young, it was an ______________________. 5. They were some of the most ____________________________________who ever lived. 6. We chose not to undertake the project because of the _____________________ involved.

swim

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LISTENING Listen to the text Going to Antarctica once and then complete it with the words from the box. Listen again to check your answers. hemisphere

visitors

reach

penguin ship

excitement

destination

Lots of people head south for the winter to avoid the cold and snow. Now the newest holiday ___________takes you as far south as you can go: the South Pole! It’s not as cold as it sounds. Winter in the northern ______________ is summer in the south. On a sunny day in Antarctica, temperatures can ____________15 ◦C. Tourists can travel to Antarctica on a cruise__________, but the real ______________is off the ship. They can explore seal and_____________ colonies and thermal springs – where it’s even possible to___________. The scenery and wildlife are drawing more and more ______________ every year.

Form the correct noun, verb or adjective from the word in capitals. 1. My ______________for him grows daily. ADMIRE 2. Rafting down the Drina was a _______________ adventure. CHALLENGE 3. They invited all the students to _______________at rowing. COMPETITION 4. He is writing a book on the_________________ wonders of North America. NATURE 5. My company will donate some money for the ____________ of this area. DEVELOP

UNIT 10

WORD FORMATION

ADJECTIVES Correct the order of the underlined adjectives in the following sentences.

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1. I am going to wear my silk new blue dress. 2. The boss told us to recycle those water empty twenty bottles. 3. My brother left for a camping interesting short trip on Sunday. 4. Nora put the flowers into a new green oval big vase.

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GROUP TASK Preparing for a holiday

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Marcia, Tania and Michael are preparing for a holiday. There are some things in the box and two open suitcases and one backpack in the pictures. Look at the items in the box and put them in the right place. • Marcia’s going to Palić. • Michael’s going hiking on a Serbian mountain. • Tania’s going to join the regatta on the Drina.

UNIT 10 1

Some of the items can go into more than one piece of luggage. Decide where to put the items so that there are seven in each. sun cream a light jacket a pullover a bikini a lifejacket trousers

T-shirts a travel iron an umbrella hiking boots trainers a compass

a wind-proof jacket a light hat socks a cardigan sunglasses sandals

READING AND WRITING 1 Read the following passage to learn more about the history of Serbia.

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Splendid churches were built in Serbia by the Nemanjić rulers and decorated with frescoes and icons. One of them is the monastery of Mileševa, which was built in the 13th century at the very entrance to the Mileševka River canyon. The frescoes of this monastery are among the finest examples of Serbian art of its time. Vladislav Nemanjić, one of the four sons of Stefan the First-Crowned, began construction of the monastery when he was only a prince and ordered construction work to be continued after he had become king. He also took the remains of St Sava there. The remains were later removed by the Turks and burned on Vračar hill in Belgrade.

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– where the monastery is situated. – when it was built. – which king built it. – if there are famous frescoes in it.

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2 W hat do you know about the monasteries in the pictures? Choose one to write about. Bring some pictures of your chosen monastery. Mention

Gračanica 66

Dečani

Studenica

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Tania is writing to her Scottish friend, Polly, about her plan to visit Britain. Look at the map of Great Britain and follow Tania on her route completing the text with the place names. I’ll start off in ______________. I‘m going to stay there for four days to see the sights, especially the Tower. I‘m not going to ____________, the university town on the river Cam this time because I’ve been there before. Then I‘m off to another university town, ____________, to see my friends. I‘m going to stay there for a week. I haven’t seen them for ages. I’ll be there in time to see the boat race between Oxford and Cambridge Universities. While staying with them, I’ll spend one day in ______________ to see the house where Shakespeare was born and one day in _______________ to see the town where the Beatles started singing. I’d really love to go to the __________________ to see the lakes, but I’ll have to leave that for next time, because I want to visit you in Scotland. So, see you soon in your historic capital city, _______________.

UNIT 10

WRITING

EVERYDAY LANGUAGE

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Your friends have returned from their holidays. Each of them has something to say about it. Find the explanations in box B for the expressions in italics in box A.

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Peter: I went rafting with two of my friends and we had the time of our lives. Susan: It was awful. We camped in the middle of nowhere. Jim: It was all right, but you know the saying there is no place like home. James: I always travel light because I spend the whole day on the beach. Polly: I went on a package tour to Greece.

B 1. without much luggage 2. a fully organized holiday 3. Home is the best place to stay.

4. to be far away without any facilities 5. to have a wonderful time

1 River words Match the words with their explanations. 1. source 2. mouth 3. stream 4. creek 5. tributary 6. valley 7. bed 8. bank 9. bend 10. rapids

a. a natural flow of water, usually smaller than a river b. the land along the side of a river c. a small stream d. the curved part of a river e. part of the river where the water moves very fast over rocks f. the bottom of a river; the ground over which it flows g. a river that flows into a larger river h. a large area of land between hills or mountains through which a river flows i. the place where a river begins j. the place where a river enters a large body of water

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UNIT 10

EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY

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2 Idioms with HEART

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a. How would you translate the following sentence? ‘In the heart of the Grand Park is the Summer Stage.’

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b. Find a suitable explanation (a-f) for the idioms in the sentences (1-6) and give an adequate translation in Serbian. a. to become upset by someone’s words 1. I don’t like learning lessons by heart. b. feel sad and depressed 2. They needed a lot of heart to win the battle. c. courage and determination 3. It breaks my heart to see homeless people. d. to fall in love with 4. He takes to heart everything she says. e. very generous person 5. He lost his heart to a beautiful dancer. f. memorised perfectly 6. She has a heart of gold.

TRANSLATION AND MEDIATION Luke came to Belgrade after his trip to а seaside town. Your sister wants to know how he liked it there and you have to translate their conversation. UNA: Питај га да ли се лепо провео на мору. LUKE: Well, it started off as one disaster after another. My flight was delayed for 5 hours, and then the taxi to the hotel broke down. I had to walk for half a mile and since it was raining, I got soaked. The hotel I was staying at was far away from the beach and my room was too small. I didn’t really have much fun. UNA: Кажи му да ми је жао што су му утисци с летовања лоши и да се надам да ће му бар код нас бити лепо.

КАТАРИНА КОВАЧЕВИЋ, ГОРДАНА МАРКОВИЋ • IMPROVING ENGLISH 1 – ЕНГЛЕСКИ ЈЕЗИК за први разред средње школе (гимназије и стручне школе) – Радна свеска • Tреће 2020. година2020. • Издавач: ЗА УЏБЕНИКЕ, Београд, Обилићев 5, www.zavod.co.rs Tреће,издање, прерађено издање, годинаЗАВОД • Издавач: ЗАВОД ЗА УЏБЕНИКЕ, Београд,венац Обилићев венац 5, www.• Ликовни АИДА СПАСИЋ • Корице: АИДА СПАСИЋ • Илустрације: ДУШАН ЛАКИЋЕВИЋ • Графички уредник: БОРИС ПОПОВИЋ zavod.co.rsуредник: • Ликовни уредник: АИДА СПАСИЋ • Корице: АИДА СПАСИЋ • Илустрације: ДУШАН ЛАКИЋЕВИЋ • Графички уредник: БОРИС• Дизајн: НАТАША ДОЛОВАЧКИ • Коректор: МИЛИЦА ЖИВАДИНОВИЋ • Компјутерска•припрема: ЛИНЕА АРТ • ЛИНЕА Фотографије: Завода, ПОПОВИЋ • Дизајн: НАТАША ДОЛОВАЧКИ • Коректор: МИЛИЦА ЖИВАДИНОВИЋ Компјутерска припрема: АРТ •Архива Фотографије: Diomedia • Обим: 8,5 штампарских • Формат: 20,5 ×• Формат: 26,5 cm •20,5 Тираж: 4.500 • Рукопис предат у штампу априла 2020. године Архива Завода, Diomedia • Обим: 8,5табака штампарских табака × 26,5 cm примерака • Тираж: 4.500 примерака • Рукопис предат у штампу априла• Штампање априла 2020. године „Сајнос”, Нови„Сајнос Сад 2020. годинезавршено • Штампање завршено априла• Штампа 2020. године • Штампа ”, Нови Сад

Енглески за први разред гимназије-радна свеска

Articles inside

Holiday destinations

Threats to Earth

A friend in need is a friend indeed

Traditional festivals

The generation gap

The media

GENERAL REVISION 3

GENERAL REVISION 1

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