saydrisis sabado

1. arqeologiuri memkvidreoba. saydrisis sabado

ukve ramdenime xania, Cvens sazogadoebas kidev erTi sakamaTo da saRelvebeli sagani gauCnda, romelic arqeologiur Zegls _ yvelasTvis cnobil saydrisis sabados _ ukavSirdeba. pirvel yovlisa, samwuxaroa kamaTis done, romelsac mecnieruls miaxloebiTac ver daarqmev. aseve Zalian samwuxaroa, rom erTmaneTSi areulia srulebiT sxvadasxva aspeqti problemisa da Tanac amas erTvis kidev iseTi kiTxvebi, romlebic marTlac mniSvnelovania, magram Zalian ucnaurad da umarTebulodaa gagebuli. rogoria kiTxvebis wre? pirveli kiTxva, yvelaze praqtikuli, amgvaria: SesaZlebeli da saWiroa Tu ara, SevinarCunoT arqeologiuri Zegli? rodesac ismen ori specialistis kamaTs da erTi am Zegls Zv.w. XXX saukunisad miiCnevs, sxva ki _ Zv.w. XXV saukunisad, TiTqos Zv.w. XXV saukune an gindac Zv.w. XV saukune ar Rirs imad, rom misi SenarCunebis sakiTxi ganvixiloT, es ukve TavisTavad Zalian SemaSfoTebelia. es niSnavs, rom RirebulebiTi sazomebi srulebiT aRreulia da adamianebs, rogorc Cans, ar esmiT, ra qmnis qveynis saxes, ra aris misTvis mniSvnelovani da umniSvnelo. saydrisi rom marTlac gviani Sua saukuneebis sabado yofiliyo, Tuki is Segviqmnida warmodgenas, ra xdeboda Tundac 300 wlis win, rogor moipovebdnen, awarmoebdnen da amuSavebdnen liTons Cvens qveyanaSi, es ukve sakmaod faseuli iqneboda. es savsebiT akademiuri kamaTia, Tu romeli saukunea _ XXX, XXVIII Tu XXII. mecnierebis saqmea, erTmaneTSi ikamaTon, magram vidre diskusias daiwyebdnen, kamaTis sagani unda gvqondes. verafers vityvi, viTareba iseTia da ufro meti albaTobiT iqiTken midis, rom savsebiT SesaZlebelia, es Zegli ver SevinarCunoT. es iqneba mxolod kidev erTi sircxvili bevr im sircxvilTa Soris, romlebic, samwuxarod, Cvens Tavs sxvadasxva mxridan grovdeba _ zogi sityvieria, zogi moqmedebiTi, zogi kidev rogori. yoveli-

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ve amas daemateba kidev aseTi: mTeli msoflio geubneba, rom mniSvnelovani Zeglis patroni xar da Sen mainc ar ginda amis SemCneva. rbilad rom vTqvaT, es Zalian ucnauria. arsebobs sxva mxarec: esaa kamaTi imaze, Tu visia Zegli. SeiZleba, es kiTxva naklebad ismis, magram ramdenjerme yuri movkari, viRac ambobda, rom es Zegli Cveni winaprebis aris, sxva ki pasuxobda, TiTqos es salaparakoc araa da uvicobaa. marTlac, mkacrad rom vTqvaT, Cven, rasakvirvelia, ar viciT, vin iyvnen is adamianebi, romlebic im sabadoSi Cadiodnen, madans moipovebdnen da kldes CaquCs urtyamdnen. bunebrivia, ar viciT, ra enaze saubrobdnen, ar viciT, ra tomisani iyvnen, iseve, rogorc saerTod ar viciT, rogori iyo uZvelesi mosaxleoba Cveni qveynisa. vfiqrob, rom es arc aris upirvelesi kiTxva, romelic amasTan dakavSirebiT unda daisvas. miT umetes, unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom kulturebi, romlebic, daaxloebiT, Zv.w. VII-V aTaswleulidan arsebobs da ufro gvian mtkvar-araqsis kulturis saxeliTaa cnobili, geografiulad ufro sxvanairad vrceldeba. es kulturebi, rogorc Cvens, dRevandeli saqarTvelos, miwa-wyalzea, aseve dRevandeli somxeTisa da azerbaijanis miwa-wyalzecaa. visia es kultura? albaT ase xeldadebiT arc erTis aris, arc meoris, arc mesamis, ubralod _ viRacisaa. Tumca sxva masalis magaliTze me meCveneba, rom garkveuli drois Semdeg iq Cndeba iseTi lokaluri nairsaxeobebi, romlebic Semdgom kulturul sxvaobebs amzadebs. es kargad Cans wvril brinjaos plastikaSi. magaliTad, somxeTSi mopovebul nimuSebSi raRac dros, Zv.w. II aTaswleulSi, Cndeba sxvanairi dekoratiuloba, iseTi, rogoric dRevandel saqarTveloSi mopovebul nivTebze ar aris. samagierod, es raRacnairad exmianeba imas, rac Semdeg, qarTuli ornamentikisagan gansxvavebiT, davuSvaT, somxur ornamentikaSi iqneba. es mxolod varaudia, aranairad ar aris zusti codna, magram SesaZlebelia, im uZveles dros isaxeba is kulturuli sxvaobebi, rogorc dRes ityvian, paradigmebi, romlebic Semdeg Cveni qveynebis kulturul da sulier ganviTarebas gansazRvravs, Tumca es mxolod varaudebia.

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rogor SeiZleba mivudgeT am uZveles danatovars? me vfiqrob, saqme SemdegSia: albaT ver gavigebT, vTqvaT, dRevandel gorTan, mtkvris piras, Zv.w. V aTaswleulSi adamiani rom dadioda, vin iyo is da arc Rirs amaze maincadamainc mRelvareba. am SemTxvevaSi, vfiqrob, kiTxva unda iyos erTaderTi: rasac es adamianebi akeTebdnen, mermindeli da dRevandeli saqarTvelos cxovrebaSi ramenairad monawileobs Tu ara? magaliTad, isini venaxs aSenebdnen. Cven es ukve viciT da didi xania, amis eWvi arsebobda. mgoni, dRes ukve dadasturebulia da aRar aris saeWvo, rom Cveni qveyana kulturuli vazisa da xorblis erT-erTi upirvelesi keraa. viRac ityvis, rom es nacionalisturi molandebaa, magram ra vqnaT, Tuki damtkicebulia da es mxolod qarTveli mecnierebis naTqvami ar aris?! sxvebma Tqves uCvenod. xorblis Sesaxeb, magaliTad, akademikosma vavilovma Tqva, qarTvels ar uTqvams. es kultura xom ar dakargula?! es uSualod Cveni winapari iyo Tu odesRac saidanRac mosuli qarTvelur tomebs Serwymuli romeliRac sxva tomi, ar viciT, magram Cvens kulturaSi vazic da xorbalic monawileobs da amis dadastureba SegviZlia. maTi jiSebis gamoyvnas Zalian didi dro sWirdeboda da yvela geografiul erTeuls Tavisi jiSi hqonda, es faqtia. im adamianTa monapovari, ganurCevlad maTi tomobrivi warmomavlobisa, Cvens dRevandel kulturas qmnis. miuxedavad genetikisa, genebisa da ujredebisa, swored kulturuli TvalsazrisiT, Cven memkvidreebi varT imisa, rac maT gaakeTes da amis Tqma SegviZlia. es Zalian kargad Cans arqiteqturis magaliTzec, roca vxedavT uZveles samSeneblo tradiciebs, romlebic erTimeoreSi gadadis da iq, sadac mosalodneli iyo wyvetili, es wyvetili ar Cndeba. Tu es marTlac sxva xalxis mosvlaa, rogorc Cans, damxvdurisa da momxvduris urTierTSerwyma xdeba. isini erTmaneTTan raRacanairad amyareben sasicocxlo kavSirs, simbiozSi Sedian da Semdeg albaT raRac axal erTobas warmoqmnian. Cven vxedavT, rom es tradicia (jer mrgvali saxlebi iyo, Semdeg aris sworkuTxa Senobebi, kuTxeebmomrgvalebuli, rac srulebiT gaugebaria da es mxolod ase aixsneba _ arse-

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bobda Cveva imisa, rom saWiroa mrudi xazi da xisti kuTxe ar unda iyos) am kulturaSi iyo da amas Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs. TiTqos aris samSeneblo kulturis erTgvari mimReobac, TiTqos im Zvelidan modis raRac xerxebi mSeneblobisa da, rac yvelaze sainteresoa, miuxedavad imisa, rom mere sxvadasxvagvari Senobebi Cndeba, mTliani xazi, romelsac Cven vxedavT, didwilad, mainc swored aseTi centruli nagebobebisagan Sedgeba. rogorc wesi, Cveni sacxovrebeli sivrce, dRevandeli oTaxic ki, miiswrafvis iqiTken, rom centraluri RerZis mimarT simetriuli iyos da umetesad kvadratulia. yovelTvis veubnebi Cems studentebs, rom dResac ki, rodesac axasiaTeben karg binas, amboben, iq kvadratuli oTaxebiao. gegoneba, kvadratuli oTaxi raRac gansakuTrebuli iyos. ra moxda? arc araferi. aris kulturebi, romelTac, Cvengan gansxvavebiT, wagrZelebuli sivrce moswonT. mgoni, Zalian mniSvnelovania ara is, Tu vin iyvnen adamianebi, romlebic am saxlebs aSenebdnen, aramed is, rom maT mier Seqmnili tipi sacxovrebeli sivrcisa gadmovida da qarTuli kulturis nawili gaxda. am TvalsazrisiT, es uZvelesi maRaroc Cveni kulturis nawilia, radganac, Cemi azriT, aravis epareba eWvi, rom qarTveli tomebis, Semdeg ukve qarTvelebis, cxovrebaSi liTonis mopovebasa da damuSavebas Zalian didi adgili eWira. naWedi iaraRi, sameurneo Tu saomari saWurveli, mxatvruli liToni, liTonis WurWeli, samkauli _ Cvens qveyanaSi uamravi ram keTdeboda da, rogorc Cans, es namdvilad iyo tradicia. SeuZlebelia, mTlad SemTxveviToba iyos, rodesac kaxeTSi mopovebul oqros lomze aRmoCenili teqnikuri xerxebis msgavsi 2000 wlis Semdeg vanSic Cndeba. ver getyviT, rom vinmes esmodes, es tradicia rogor gadmovida, magram faqtia, amas versad wauxval _ teqnikuri xerxebi emTxveva. rogor? ar viciT. Cven SegviZlia, mxolod vivaraudoT, rom albaT arsebobs raRac SemaerTebeli rgolebi, romlebic jerjerobiT mikvleuli ar aris da Tu gaviTvaliswinebT Cveni qveynis arqeologiuri Seswavlilobis xarisxs, es savsebiT SesaZlebelia. Cven aRmosaCeni aRmoCenilze gacilebiT meti gvaqvs.

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rasakvirvelia, Zalian mniSvnelovania, met-naklebad xilulad mainc SevinarCunoT winare qristianuli epoqa Tavisi dasaxlebebiT, Tavisi nacixvrebiT. es uZvelesi nasoflarebi, samwuxarod, miwis qveSaa Camarxuli. maT miwas ayrian imitom, rom ver akonserveben. me vfiqrob, Zalian saCqaroa mofiqreba, gacnoba raRac xerxebisa, romlebic msoflio praqtikaSi albaT iqneba an Cveni sakuTari xerxis mogoneba, radgan yovelTvis sxvisi maCanCalebi ver viqnebiT. movifiqroT raRac, rom im Zveli nasoflarebis nawili mainc SevinarCunoT da jer TviTon SevxedoT da Semdeg sxvebsac vaCvenoT. miwis zedapirze dResac arsebobs e.w. megaliTuri an igive ciklopuri nacixvrebi. Tu maT kargad movuvliT es samSeneblo kulturis araCveulebrivi magaliTia. nu gavejibrebiT egviptelebs, inkebs an kidev viRacas. maT naxelavs Tavisi adgili aqvs, Cvensas _ Tavisi. CvenTan, pirvel yovlisa, is aris mniSvnelovani, rom es ciklopuri cixeebi da nakoSkarebi dResac ki aSkarad qmnis raRac sistemas. es aris uzarmazari saTavdacvo sistema, gadaWimuli dRevandeli TurqeTis im nawilidan, sadac qarTveluri tomebi cxovrobdnen, Cvens walka-TrialeTamde. saxelmwifos garda, sxva imas veravin aaSenebda. Cven es mSenebloba gveubneba, rom arsebobda raRac socialuri Zala, romelic am didi mSeneblobis, Semdeg misi meTvalyureobis, gamoyenebisa da a.S. organizebas axdenda. amas, ubralod, mofrTxileba unda. Tu ar gavufrTxildebiT, sabolood, 30-50 weliwadSi yvelaferi lodebad daiSleba da aRaraferi gveqneba, magram jerjerobiT es SeiZleba SevinarCunoT. amas garda, gvaqvs antikuri arqiteqtura, romelic maincdamainc agreTve ver narCundeba. isev mosafiqrebelia, rogor gadavarCinoT, magaliTad, dedoflis mindvrisa da cixiagoras cecxlTayvanismcemelTa taZrebi, rogor gamovaCinoT ukeTesad mcxeTis, vanisa Tu, vTqvaT, sairxisa an noqalaqevis antikuri da gvianantikuri naSTebi. yvelaferi es warmosaCenia. ufro farTod unda icodes Cvenma sazogadoebam ufliscixe. rom CamoviaroT da gamovikiTxoT, ganaTlebuli qarTvelobis 2% Tu iqneba namyofi ufliscixeSi. esec bevria, amdensac ar veli. arada, bevrs

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SeuZlia Tqvas, rom aqvs cocxali antikuri qalaqi, sadac Seva da quCebSi ivlis? qalaqi, romelic arsebobs, yovel SemTxvevaSi, ukve ax.w. I saukunidan mainc... Zalian didi fufunebaa, aseTi mniSvnelovani obieqti gqondes da yuradRebas TiTqmis ar aqcevde, marto ucxoeli turistebisa da SigadaSig skolis moswavleebis Casayvanad iyenebde. amas SemTxveviT ar mogaxsenebT. es aris uzarmazari samSeneblo tradicia, romelzec ukve Semdeg Sua saukuneebis saqarTvelo idga. is imdenad Zlieri iyo, rom jer kidev XIX saukuneSi axdenda zemoqmedebas Cvens qveyanaSi Camosul rus da evropel arqiteqtorebze, romlebic icvlebodnen. es aSkarad Cans, Tu SeadarebT Tbilisur, quTaisur, baTumur, Telavur Senobebs imas, rasac aSenebdnen igive arqiteqtorebi an maTi profesor-maswavleblebi ruseTSi, germaniaSi, avstriasa da sxva qveynebSi. raRac xdeboda. es samSeneblo kultura, misi gemovnebiTi kriteriumebi, rogorRac ise SeeparebodaT xolme, rom Tavadac ver amCnevdnen. Tumca rasac isini akeTebdnen, Cveni arqiteqturis suraTSi raRacnairad Caiwera da albaT SemTxveviTi ar aris, rom dRes, rodesac XIX saukunis meore naxevarSi gaCenil Tbilisur ubnebSi dadixar, iseTi gancda gaqvs, TiTqos aqauroba Zalian Zvelia, sinamdvileSi ki, sul raRac 100, 110, sul bevri, 120 wlis winandelia. ver getyviT, es ris xarjze xdeba. marTali giTxraT, TviTonac ar mesmis, magram ver warmomidgenia, rom adamians, davuSvaT, zeda veraze rom dadis, mayaSvilis, zandukelis quCebze, iseTi gancda hqondes, TiTqos es XIX saukunis qalaqia. es raRac sxva aris, es kuziani quCebi, aRmarT-daRmarTebi, Sukebi, mixveul-moxveulebi saidanRac modis, Tumca ucxotomel arqiteqtorTa meSveobiT ganxorcielda. ar aris advili, guSin Camosul peterburgel arqiteqtors Tavs moaxvio Seni, Tan roca amis gakeTebis aranairi saSualeba ar gagaCnia. Sens xelT ar aris arc saxelmwifo, arc kanonmdebloba, saerTod araferi, yvelaferi sxvis xelSia da TavisTavad es kultura moqmedebs imaTzec ki, vinc SeiZleba misdami maincdamainc kargad ganwyo-

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bili ar iyos. Tu ara aseTi Rrma da Soreuli fesvi, es albaT ver moxdeboda. mniSvnelovania isic, rom dRevandel viTarebaSi, roca Cveni arqiteqtura Zalian mZime krizisSia da es ukve ramdenime aTwleulia grZeldeba, cota gvaimedebs, rom yovel aTwleulSi SegviZlia vnaxoT esa Tu is nageboba, romelic namdvilad savsebiT Rirebuli arqiteqturaa, mTlianobaSi ki gasaxareli suraTi mainc ar aris. Tu ram imeds gvaZlevs, rom aqedan Tavs davaRwevT da samSvidobos gavalT, es kvlavac Cveni tradiciaa, romelic imdenad Sors ar aris, rom misken mibruneba, masze CaWideba ar SegveZlos. es ubralod xavsi ar aris, sakmarisad Zlieri fesvebia. Tu kargad miudeqi, swor adgilas CaeWide, namdvilad amogaZvrens wylidan an ufskrulidan da zeviT agiyvans. es yvelaferi iwyeba iq, sadac Cven Zalian bevri ram ar viciT. ar viciT, visi saxelmwifoebi iyo, ar viciT, visi Seqmnilia is, mosuli Tu mkvidri mosaxleobis. araferi ar viciT. viciT erTaderTi, rom yvelaferi es Semdeg, rogorc nakadebi, rogorc nakadulebi, Sevida im saerTo kalapotSi, romelsac ukve karga xania qarTuli kultura hqvia. vfiqrob, rom marto es gaamarTlebda nebismieri siZvelis dacvas, Tuki es SesaZlebelia. ra Tqma unda, aq uamravi sirTulea. imave saydrisis dacva ar aris martivi ram. movismine im specialistebis azri, romlebic amboben, rom misi gamagreba, eqsponireba Zalian rTulia. da mere ra? sirTule, TavisTavad, xom arafers gveubneba imis mets, rom Cven ufro meti dafiqreba da ufro meti moqmedeba gvmarTebs? sirTule, TavisTavad, akrZalva xom ar aris? piriqiT, me ase mgonia, rom siZnele ufro meti qmedebisaken mowodebaa, raTa viswavloT, movifiqroT raRac, miT umetes, rom magaliTebi aris _ istoriuli maRaro poloneTSi, romelic daculia da mowyobilia muzeumad. isic ki gaakeTes, rom im gamoqvabulebSi qandakebebi gamoTales. marilis sabadoa da Tlian ase gamWvirvale qandakebebs. aq raRac sxva SeiZleba moigono, ubralod, fiqria saWiro, fiqri imaze, ras warmoadgens es Zegli da CvenTvis ramdenad mniSvnelovania.

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Tumca Tavi da Tavi, me vfiqrob, is aris, rom yovelwamierad gavacocxloT gancda kavSirisa imasTan, rac Cveni warsulia. saboloo jamSi, uimwarsulod Cven xom Cven ar varT? yoveli Cvengani dabadebisTanave Sedis kalapotSi, romelic manamde arsebobda. rasakvirvelia, is wveTi, romelic var me, Tqvenc xarT da sxvac aris, manamde ar yofila, magram kalapoti xom arsebobda? Sesabamisad, is raRacanairad Cvens fers cvlis _ Tu iq Tixnaria, magaliTad, es wveTi albaT cota mowiTalo an moyviTalo iqneba, Tu iq kiria, sxvanairad SeiRebeba, xan gaiwriteba, xan ara. Cven vatarebT, viziarebT im warsuls, romlidanac movdivarT. swored warsuli ayalibebs did nawils Cveni raobisas. SeiZleba, es viRacas ar moswondes, magram mainc asea. Tu Cven daviwyebT brZolas Cvenive bunebasTan, es sasikeTos arafers mogvitans. qristianoba yovelTvis aswavlida, rom adamiani aris iseTi, rogoric aris, magram es ar aTavisuflebs mas movaleobisagan, ganaxorcielos is, rac absoluturia. am SemTxvevaSi, absoluturi iyo zneobrivi movaleoba, romelic yvelas unda Seesrulebina, miuxedavad Tandayolili monacemebisa, miuxedavad imisa, dabadebuli iqneboda mocekvaved, momRerlad, qvis mTlelad Tu mecnierad. arc erTi am asparezTagan ar auqmebs zneobriv movaleobas, arc erTi Tviseba ar aTavisuflebs adamians sikeTis msaxurebisagan. es erTaderTi absoluturi moTxovnaa, es aris adamianis erTaderTi movaleoba. danarCeni damokidebulia Cvens bunebaze, romelTanac Widili sakmarisad uazro saqmea. Cven is sikeTisken unda warvmarToT da rac ukeT ecodineba adamians Tavisi buneba (warsulis Secnoba ki sakuTari Tavis Semecnebis namdvilad erT-erTi saukeTeso saSualebaa), miT ukeT ecodineba, ra SeuZlia, risi patronia. faqtobrivad, ukan Tu gavixedavT, ukeT mivxvdebiT, rogor gavikvlioT gza, win rogor viaroT. Tuki ar ici, ukan ra aris, aucileblad araswor nabijebs gadadgam. aseT dros sakuTar Tavs ar icnob, ar ici, vin xar, ra SegiZlia da risi gamocdileba gaqvs. magaliTad, kenielebi swrafad darbian. Cven ar viciT, SegviZlia Tu ara ase swrafad

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sirbili, arc is viciT, varT Tu ara gamZleebi afrikeli monadireebiviT, romlebic dRedaRam darbian. amis Sesaxeb araferi viciT, radgan ukan ar migvixedavs, ar mogvikiTxavs. yvelaferSi, me vfiqrob, SeiZleba am gzas davadgeT. sxvaTa Soris, rac xelovnebas Seexeba, iqidanac SegviZlia Zalian bevri ram viswavloT, Tundac iseTi martivi ram, Tu rogor dgamen uZvelesi xanis ostatebi ciklopur cixes. abulis cixe... rogor Semodges es cixe mwvervalze, ar aris saintereso? vnaxoT, msgavsi cixe rogor aaSenes, vTqvaT, sardiniaSi, rogor aaSenes safrangeTSi, bretanisken aris amgvari ciklopuri naSTebi. iq rogor dgamen? rogor aSenebs egvipteli, rogor aSenebs cixes asureli? vnaxoT, iqneb aq aris raRac odnav gansxvavebuli, rac gemovnebaze migviTiTebs, rac SesaZloa Cvens istoriul mexsierebaSi Caleqiliyo. warsulma SeiZleba bevri ram gvaswavlos, maT Soris, Zalian Zvelmac. swored amitom vicavT Cven mas. Zveli naSTebis Senaxva TviTmizani ar aris. Cven vicavT siZveles imitom, rom ukeT vicodeT dRevandeloba da ukeT gavigoT momavali. awmyos ver gaigeb, Tu warsuli ar ici. ver gaigeb, ver mixvdebi, ratom aris is aseTi Tavisi kargiTa da aviT. amitom ambobda ilia WavWavaZe, rom unda naxo warsuli _ balavris qva, romelzec awmyo daSenda da dampali, uvargisi kenWi, romelmac dRevandeli sirTuleebi moitana. amis maswavlebeli mxolod da mxolod warsulia, sxva saSualeba ar arsebobs. amitom movaleni varT, momaval Taobebs davutovoT warsulis danaxvis saSualeba. vin icis, TavianTi gadmosaxedidan maT im namyoSi raRac iseTic dainaxon, rac Cven gamogvrCa. Cveni movaleobaa, SevunarCunoT memkvidreoba momavals.

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