KEY TAKEAWAYS •
The male gonads are the testes, which produce spermatozoa and testosterone.
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The mature sperm cell swims with a flagellum; it is mixed with several fluids to make semen.
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The male copulatory organ is the penis, which has most of the nerve endings. It must become turgid in order to penetrate the vagina.
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The female gonads are the ovaries, which produce ova, estrogen, progesterone, and a small amount of testosterone.
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Testosterone is necessary for both male and female libido.
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The female menstrual cycle sets the uterus and ovaries up for fertilization; menses occurs when fertilization does not occur.
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Much of sexuality and sexual feelings originates in areas of the brain linked to attention, motivation, and emotions.
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Male circumcision removes the male foreskin. It is primarily done for cultural and religious reasons, although there are a few health benefits.
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Female genital mutilation is practiced in upper and middle Africa and in parts of the Middle East, where it is believed to be a hygienic and culturally-positive thing to do.
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There are many long-term and short-term complications of female genital mutilation so that it is discouraged by all world organizations and is not practiced in most societies of the world.
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