yfwnfonf (Histēmi)? 5;2

2/ qdyfurf;wpfckodkY vHkjcHKpGm ,laqmifoGm;rIcH&jcif; (1ay 3;18) þpum;pkü *&dvufa&;usrf;rsm;ü uGJjym;rIwpfckyg0ifonf/ tcsKdYa½S;acwfvufa&;usrf;rsm;ü ]],HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifh}}pum;pkudk aygif;xnfhonf/ (a2, C tcsKdUaom Old Latin, Vulgate, Syriac ESifh Coptic usrf;uGJ rsm;) tjcm;vufa&;usrf;rsm;ü ]],HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifh}}qdkonfh pum;pkü 0dbwf ]]to}} jznfhpGufonf/ (a, A ESifhtcsKdUaomVulgate usrf;uGJrsm;)rnfodkYjzpfap pmvHk;BuD;rsm;jzifha&;onfh vufa&;usrf; B, D, FESifhG wdkYurl ¤if;udk csefxm;Muonf/ 5;1 ESifh 4;16 (ESpfcg)? 19ESifh20 wdkYtvm;wljzpfaejcif;aMumifh ¤if;udk jznfhpGuf vdkufjcif;jzpf[ef½Sdonf/ ]],HkMunfjcif;tm;jzifh}}[lonf aygvk rMumcPoHk;aom t"dutcsufBuD; jzpfonf/

 ]]þaus;Zl;awmftxJodkY}} þa0g[m& (charis)onf rxdkufrwefaom? BudK;csnfrxm;aom? rwlrwef aom bk&m;ocif\arwåmawmftm;qdkvdkonf/ ({zuf 2;4-9)/ ¤if;udk tjypfjynfhaomvlom;twGuf c&pfawmftaocH&mü ½Sif;vif;pGmjrif&onf/ (i,f 8)

 ]]rdrdwdkY &yfwnf&mjzpfaom}}¤if;rSm tjcm;aom PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE wpfckjzpfonf/ ]]igwdkY&yfwnfaeum? qufvuf&yf wnfonf}}[k t"dyÜg,f½Sdonf/ ¤if;onf c&pfawmftxJ ,HkMunfolrsm;\ "r®oabm&yfwnfrIESihf ,HkMunfjcif;jzifh qufvufqufuyfoGm;MurItm; ay:vGifaponf/ ¤if;onf bk&m; ocif\tcsKyftjcmtmPmESifh (1aum 15;1)vl\vGwfvyfaomqE´ ({zuf 6;11? 13? 14)wdkY\qefYusif bufjzpf[ef½Sdaom or®mw&m;tm; aygif;pnf;xm;onf/

txl;taMumif;t&m/ /&yfwnfonf ( hisēmi)

toHk;rsm;aom þa0g[m&udk "r®opfusrf;ü t"dyÜg,ftrsKd;rsKd;jzifhoHk;onf/ 1/ wnfaqmif&ef u/ "r®a[mif;ynwåd? a&m 3;31 c/ vlwpfa,muf\ajzmifhrwfjcif;? a&mr 10;3 */ y#dnOfw&m;opf? a[NAJ 10;9 C/ trdefYwpfck? 2aum 13;1 i/ bk&m;ocif\or®mw&m;awmf? 2wd 2;19 2/ 0dnmOfa&;ü ckcH&ef u/ rm&fewftm;? {zuf 6;11 c/ w&m;pD&if&maeYü? Asm 6;17 3/ rdrd\ajcjzifh ajrjyifay:&yfum ckcHjcif; u/ ppfbufqdkif&m wifpm;rI? {zuf 6;14 c/ t&yfbufqdkif&mwifpm;rI? a&mr 14;4 4/ or®mw&m;ü taetxm;wpfck? a,m[ef 8;44 5/ aus;Zl;awmfü taetxm;wpfck u/ a&m 5;2 c/ 1aum 15;1 */ 1ay 5;12

6/ ,HkMunfjcif;ü taetxm;wpfck u/ a&m 11;20 c/ 1aum 7;37 */ 1aum 15;1 C/ 2aum 1;24 7/ rmeaxmifvTm;aom taetxm;wpfck 1aum 10;12 þa0g[m&onf y#dnOfw&m;qdkif&m aus;Zl;awmfESifhtcsKyftjcmjzpfol bk&m;ocif\*½kPmawmf ESpfrsKd;pvHk;azmfjyonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;ü ,HkMunfolrsm;onf ¤if;tm; wHkYjyefrIjyK&efESifh ¤if;ü,HkMunfjcif;tm; jzifh wG,fuyfae&efjzpfaMumif;udkygjyonf/ ESpfrsKd;pvHk; or®musrf;enf;us or®mw&m;rsm;jzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkY ESpfckpvHk; qkyfudkifxm;&efjzpfonf!

 ]]tvGef0rf;ajrmufMu\}}þo'´gzGJYpnf;yHktm; em;vnfEkdifonfrSm (1) PRESENT MIDDLE (oufao xGufqdkcsuf)INDICATIVE ac:tjzpfrSeftm;azmfjyjcif;]]tvGef0rf;ajrmufMu\}}[lívnf;aumif; (2) PRESENT MIDDLE (oufaoxGufqdkcsuf) SUBJUNCTIVE ac: pdwfqE´tm; azmfjyjcif;tjzpf ]]tvGef0rf;ajrmufMupdkY}} [líESpfrsKd;½Sdonf/ þa½G; cs,frIü usrf;pmq&mrsm;tjrif uGJjym;onf/ tjzpfrSeftm; azmfjyjcif;jzpfonfh INDICATIVEtjzpf ti,f 1ü ,lum ]]tvGef0rf;ajrmufMu\}}[kqdkygu xdktwdkif; ti,f 3txd wajy;nD jzpf&ygrnf/ ]]tvGef0rf;ajrmuf}}-exult pum;vHk;\tjrpfrSm ]]0g<um;jcif;}}-boasting jzpfonf/ (NRSV, JB)txl; taMumif;t&m 2;17 üMunfhyg/ ,HkMunfolrsm;onf rdrdwdkYaMumihf 0rf;ajrmufMujcif;r[kwfbJ(3;27)olwdkY twGuf udk,fawmfvkyfay;cJhNyD;aomt&maMumifhjzpfonf/ (a,&rd 9;23-24)/ þ*&drl&if;udkyif ti,f 3ESihf11 wdkYü xyfíoHk;onf/

 ]]tm;arQmfvifhvsuf}}aygvkonf þa0g[m&udk t"dyÜg,fcsif;qufpyfvsuf trsKd;rsKd;oHk;onf/ txl; taMumif;t&m 4;18üMunfhyg/ ¤if;udk ,HkMunfol\,HkMunfjcif; NyD;jynfhpHkjcif;odkYa&mufjcif;ESihfqdkifí oHk;avh ½Sdonf/ ¤if;udk azmfjyyHkwdkYrSm bkef;wefckd;? xm0&touf? u,fwifjcif;\jynfhpHkjcif;? 'kwd,tBudrf jyefvnf <uvmjcif;ponfwdkYjzpf\/ NyD;jynfhpHkjcif;[lonf aocsmaomt&mjzpfaomfvnf; tcsdefumvrSm tem*wfü ½SdNyD;? rod½Sd&acs/ ¤if;onf ]],HkMunfjcif;}}(faith)ESihf]]cspfjcif;arwåm}}wdkYESifh qufEG,favh½Sdonf/ (1aum 13;13/ *v 5;5-6/ {zuf 4;2-5/ 1ouf 1;3/ 5;8)/ aygvkoHk;EIef;yHkwdkYteuf tcsKdYrSm atmufygtwdkif;jzpf onf/ 1/ 'kwd,tBudrfjyefvnf<uvmjcif;? *v 5;5/ {zuf 1;18/ wd 2;13 2/ a,½Ionf igwdkY\ajrmfvifhjcif;jzpfonf/ 1wd 1;1 3/ ,HkMunfolonf bk&m;ocifxH qufojcif;cH&rnf/ aum 1;22-23/ 1ouf 2;19 4/ ajrmfvifhjcif;onf aumif;uifbHkü odkxm;vsuf½Sdonf/ aum 1;5 5/ tqHk;pGefaom u,fwifjcif;? a&mr 5;2/ 2aum 3;12/ aum 1;27 6/ bk&m;ocif\bkef;awmf? a&mr 5;2/ 2aum 3;12/ aum 1;27 7/ u,fwifjcif;pdwfcsrI? 1ouf 5;8-9 8/ xm0&touf? wdwk 1;2/ 3;7 9/ c&pf,mef&ifhusufrI\ tusKd;&v'frsm;? a&mr 5;2-5 10/ zefqif;aomt&mtm;vHk;wdkYudk a½G;EIwfjcif;? a&mr 8;20-22