cdkifcHhaponf? 15;2

aocsmaom edrdwfvu©Pmjzpfonf/ (i,f 3/ zd 2;1-11)/ þpum;pkonfvnf; tm;&Sdolrsm;udk ajymjcif;jzpfonf/ (14;1?14?16?21?27)/ rdwfo[m,wnfwHhap&ef olwdkYüom wm0ef&Sdonf[k qdkvkdjcif; r[kwfacs/ tm;enf;olwdkYtm;vnf; 14;3?20?23/ 15;5-6?7 wdkYü ajymygonf/

15;2 ]]igwdkYwpfa,mufpDonf rdrdtddrfeD;csif;... auseyfESpfodrfhí}} tdrfeD;csif; pum;vkH;rSm c&pf,mef csif;csif;[laom t"dyÜg,fjzifh okH;jcif;jzpfonf/ þodkY ajym&mü rdrdwpfOD;csif;wdkY\ em;vnf oabmayguf rIrsm;udk tavQmhtwif;jyKjcif; oabmr[kwfbJ? oJuJGpGm razmf jyaom taMumif;t&m rsm;ü rdrd\ oabmxm;odkY r[kwf ydkrdkESpfoufaom t&mtm; twif;tusyfjyKjcif; rjyK&efjzpfonf/ txG#ftxdyfrSm wpfOD;csif; vGwfvyfrI r[kwfbJ? c&pfawmf\ udk,fcE¨mpnf;vkH;nDnTwfa&; ESifh MuD;xGm;a&; jzpfonf/ (1aum 9;19-23/ 10;24-33/ {zuf 4;1-16)/

NASB ]]aqmufwnfp&mtwGuf}} NRJV ]]aqmufwnfp&mjzpfap&ef}} NRSV ]]tdrfeD;csif;tm; aqmufwnfrIjzpfap&ef aumif;aom &nf&G,fcsufjzifh}} TEV ''olwdkYtm; ,kHMunfjcif;ü aqmufwnf&m&apjcif;ig}} NJB ]]ydkí tm;aumif;aom c&pf,mefrsm;jzpfvmMuap&ef olwdkYudk ulnD...}} ¤if;rSm tcef;MuD; 14\ t"du OD;wnfcsufjzpfonf/ (14;16?19)/ ¤if;rSm 1aum 10;23/ 12;7/14;26/ {zuf 4;29 wdkYü awGY&onfhtwdkif; 0dnmOf qkaus;Zl;rsm; ppfaq;&ef tcsufrsm; teuf wpfckvnf; jzpfonf/ þusrf;ydk'fü rdrd\ c&pf,meftaz:rsm; ,kHMunfjcif;ü MuD;xGm;&ef ulnDaom &nf&G,fcsufjzifh tm;&Sdol c&pf,mefonf rdrd\ vGwfvyfrIudk uefYowfjcif;tm; &nfnTef;onf/ Joseph A. Fitzmyer ESifh Raymond E. Brown wkdYwnf;jzwfcJhMuonfh The Jerome Biblical Commentary, vol. 2 ü þtcef;i,f taMumif;pdwf0ifpm;p&m rSwfcsufwpfck&Sdonf/ ]]þpum;pktm;}} olYudk aqmufwnf&m&ap&ef (tdrfeD;csif;) [k qdkum? c&pf,mef tdrfeD;csif;\ wpfOD;csif; MuD;xGm;a&;tm; &nfnTef;jcif;tjzpf t"dyÜg,faumuf,lavh&Sdonf/ odkYaomf aygvkonf taqmuf tOD;jzifh wifpm;rIudk rdrda&;aom pmrsm;ü tpktzJGUt"dyÜg,fjzifh okH;avh&SdaMumif; qifjcifMunfhonfhtcg? þpum;pkonfh þae&müvnf; vlrIa&;qdkif&m? tpktaygif; oabmudk qdkvdkaMumif; xif&Sm;onf/ (1aum 14;12/ {zuf 4;12/ a&mr 14;19) (pm? 328)/

txl;taMumif;t&m/ / wnfaqmuf

þpum;vkH; oikodome ESifh ¤if;\ tjcm;ykHpHrsm;udk aygvkrMumcPokH;avh&Sdonf/ t"dyÜg,frSm ]]tdrfwvkH;aqmufvkyfonf}} [lí jzpf\/ (róJ7;24) odkYaomf ¤if; a0g[m&udk atmufygwdkYtm; wifpm;azmffjyjcif; tjzpfokH;vmonf/ 1/ c&pfawmf\ udk,fcE¨mjzpfaom toif;awmf/ 1aum 3;9/ {zuf 2;21/ 4;16 2/ atmufygwdkYudk wnfaqmuf&ef (u) tm;enf;aom nDtpfudkrsm;/ a&mr 15;1 (c) tdrfeD;csif;rsm;/ a&mr 15;2 (*) tcsif;csif;/ {zuf 4;29/ 1ouf 5;11 (C) trIawmftwGuf oefY&Sif;olrsm;/ {zuf 4;11 3/ uRefawmfwdkYonf atmufygwdkYtm;jzifh wnfaqmufrIjyKMuonf/ (u) cspfjcif;arwÅm/ 1aum 8;1/ {zuf 4;16 (c) rdrdwpfOD;csif;\ vGwfvyfrIudk uefYowfí/ 1aum 10;23-24

424

(*) xifjrifrI tm;jzifh jyKjcif;udk &Smifvsuf/ 1wd 1;4 (C) 0wfjyKpnf;a0;rsm;ü ajymrI?qdkrIrsm; uefYowfjcif; (oD;csif;qdkolrsm;? q&morm;rsm;? ya&mzufrsm;? tjcm;aom bmompum;ajymolrsm;ESifh ¤if;tm; bmomjyefolrsm;) 1aum 14;3-4?12 4/ tm;vkH;u twnfjyK&rnfrSm (u) aygvk\ tcGifhtmPm/ 2aum 10;8/ 12;19/ 13;10 (c) a&mr 14;19 ESifh 1aum 14;26 wdkYü tusOf;csKyfazmfjycsufrsm;/

15;3 ]]taMumif;rSm; c&pfawmfyifvQif}} c&pfawmfonf uRefawmfwdkY vkdufem&ef ykHpHESifh Oyrmjzpfonf/ þtaMumif;ti,f 5/ zd 2;1-11/ 1ay 2;21/ 1a,m 3;16 wdkYüvnf; txl;azmfjyonf/

]]usrf;pmvmonf}} ¤if;rSm "r®a[mif;usrf;udk ajymaom pum;vkH;wJGtD'D,H(idiom) tokH;tEIef;wpfckjzpfonf/ PRESENT PASSIVE INDICATIVE jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm qmvH 69;9tm;udk;um; rlwpfckjzpfonf/ uRefawmfwdkYtwGuf Oyrmtjzpf c&pfawmfudk nTef;qdk&mü (olYudk,fol rauseyfaprIrjyKjcif;/ zd 2;5-8) aygvkonf "r®a[mif;usrf;csufwpfck udk;um;vdkufjcif;jzifh? ueOD;toif;awmf\ tcGifhtmPmqdkif&m ta&;MuD;qkH;usrf; taxmuftxm; ESpfcktokH;jyKjcif;jzpfonf/ (New man and Nida, A Translator's Handbook on Paul's Letter to the Romans, p. 271) wavmuvkH;\ tjypfudk xrf;&mü c&pfawmf\ twÅuif;rJhrIrSm uRefawmfwdkYtwGuf Oyrmjzpfonf/ (1a,m 3;16)/ aygvkonf atmufygtwdkif; qufpyfonfESifh wlygonf/ 1/ a,½Ionf ar&Sd, taejzifh uJh&JUjypfwifrI onf;cHjcif; 2/ aygvkonf {0Ha*vdw&m;aMumifh uJh&JUjypfwifrI onf;cHjcif; usqif;aom þurÇmü bk&m;ociftm; tapcH&mü ay;qyf&ef wefbkd;&Sdygonf/ 1/ jiif;y,fcHí um;pifwifowfjcif; cHola,½Ijcif;taMumif; ajymonf/ 2/ aygvkonf rdrdjiif;y,fjcif;ESifh n§Of;qJcH&jcif;taMumif; 2aum 4;7-12/ 6;3-10/ 11;23-33 wdkYü aygvkonfvnf; aemufqkH;wGif acgif;jzwfowfcH&onf/

15;4 ]]a&S;umvü a&;cJhorQonf igwdkYudk oGefoif&ef a&;om;jcif;jzpfonf}} "r®a[mif;usrf;rSm "r®opf ,kHMunfolrsm;twGuf a&;om;jcif;vnf;jzpfygonf/ (a&mr 4;23?24/ 15;4/ 1aum 9;10/ 10;6?11)/ ¤if;rSm y#dnOfw&m; opf,kHMunfolrsm;ESifhvnf; oufqdkifonf/ (2wd 2;15/ 3;16-17)/ qufvufaeaomfvnf; "r®a[mif;ESifh "r®opftMum; qufvufjcif;r&Sdaom u@rsm;vnf; &Sdonf/

]]usrf;pmtm;jzifh&aom pGJjrJjcif;ESifh cGeftm;jzifh}} bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfESifh ,kHMunfolrsm;\ touf&Sifjcif;ykHpHrsm;onf ¤if;udk rnfodkY wkHYjyefaMumif;rSwfom;yg/ ,kHMunfjcif;ESifh vkyfaqmifrIwdkYtwl aygif;pyfonf/ (i,f 5)/ ¤if;wdkYonf b0toufwmü aojcif;ESifh c&pfawmfjyefvnf<uvmjcif;taMumif; ajrmfvifhjcif;uwdwdkYü ,kHMunfpdwfcsrIjzpfaponf/

]]igwdkYü ajrmfvifhjcif;&Sdap&ef}} ¤if;rSm PRESENT ACTIVE SUBJUNCTIVE wpfckjzpfum? igwdkY\ ajrmfvifhjcif;onf ti,f 4ü apmapmu azmfjycJhaom vkyfaqmifrIrsm; ay:rlwnfonf [kqdkvdkonf/ "r®opfusrf;ü ]]ajrmfvifhjcif;}} [lonf uRefawmfwdkY\ u,fwifjcif;tm; tqkH;owfaprnfh 'kwd,tMudrfjyefvnf<uvmjcif;udk &nfnTef;avh&Sdonf/ (a&mr 8;30/ 1a,m 3;2)/ þa0g[m&onf *&dpum;ü t*Fvdyfa0g[mrSm uJhodkYraocsmra&&maom t"dyÜg,fraqmifacs/ 'kwd,tMudrf jyefvnf <uvm jcif;rSm tcsdefumvaocsm rod&aom aocsmonfhtjzpftysufwpfckjzpfonf/

425

aygvkonf þa0g[m&udk t"dyÜg,fcsif; qufpyfaom? uJGjym;jcm;em;onfh a0g[m&rsm;jzifh okH;avh&Sd onf/ bkeftMuD;jcif;?csD;ajrmufjcif;? xm0&touf? tqkH;pGefaom u,fwifjcif;? 'kwd,tMudrf jyefvnf<uvmjcif;....pojzifhjzpfonf/ jyD;jynfhpkHjcif;rSm aocsmaomfvnf; tcsdefumvrSm tem*wfjzpfí rod&acs/ ¤if;onf ]],kHMunfjcif;}} ESifh ]]cspfjcif;arwÅmwdkYESifh qufpyfavh&Sdonf/ (1aum 13;13/ 1ouf 1;3/ 2ouf 2;16)/ aygvk okH;EIef;ykH tcsKdUwdkYrSm 1/ 'kwd,tMudrfjyefvnf <uvmjcif; *v 5;5/ {zuf 1;18/ 4;4/ wduk 2;13/ 2/ a,½Ionf igwdkY\ ajrmfvifhjcif;jzpfonf/ 1wd 1;1/ 3/ {0Ha*vdw&m;udk udk;pm;onf/ aum 1;23 4/ tjynfht0 u,fwifjcif;/ aum 1;5/ 1ouf 4;13/ 5;8 5/ bk&m;ocif\ bkef;wefcdk;awmf/ a&mr 5;2/ 2aum 3;12/ aum 1;27 6/ u,fwifjcif; pdwfcsrI/ 1ouf 5;8 7/ xm0&touf/ wduk 1;2/ 3;7/ 8/ zefqif;orQ tm;vkH; a&G;EIwfjcif;/ a&mr 8;20 9/ ,kHMunfjcif;/ 8;23-25/ 15;4 10/ bk&m;ocif\ bJGUemrawmf/ a&mr 15;13 11/ ,kHMunfolrsm;twGuf aygvktvkd&Sdaomt&m 2aum 1;7

15;5 ]]bk&m;ocifonf ... ay;oem;awmfrl}} ¤if;rSm &Sm;yg;aom AORIST ACTIVE OPTATIVE jzpfum? qE´wpfck (0g) qkawmif;csuf wpfckudk azmfjyonf/ ti,f 5-6 &Sd aygvk\ qkawmif;csufü tcsufESpfckyg0if&m 1/ pdwfESvkH;wpfckwnf;&Sd&ef (12;16/ 2aum 13;11/ zd 2;2) 2/ csD;rGrf;jcif;ü toHwpfoHwnf; jzpf&ef (ti,f 6?&?9)

]]pJGjrJjcif;ESifh cGeftm;ay;awmfrl olbk&m;ocif}} ¤if;rSm bk&m;ocif\ emrawmfudk &Sif;vif;jcif; oabmeD;yg;jzpfoGm;onf/ (15;13/ 1aum 1;3)/ bk&m;ocif\ þ*kPft*FgwdkYonf EIwfuywfawmfrS wqifh ,kHMunfolrsm;odkY a&muf&Sdvmonf/ (i,f 4)/ txl;taMumif;t&m/ / pJGjrJ&efvdktyfrI-8;25ü Munfhyg/

15;6 ]]igwdkYocifa,½Ic&pfawmf\ bk&m;ocifESifh crnf;awmfbk&m;}} ¤if;rSm bk&m;ocif\ "r®opfusrf; bJGUemrawmf tjynfhtpkHjzpfonf/ (2aum 1;3/ {zuf 1;3/ aum 1;3/ 1ay 1;3/ tvm;wl bJGUemrawmfwpfck 1;7ü Munfhyg) ¤if;rSm 'óedu aA'tvdkt& vdktyfaom bk&m;r[kwfbJ? zGifhjyawmfrIjcif;\ bk&m;jzpfonf/ ti,f 5-6 &Sd aygvk\ qkawmif;csuf&Sd bk&m;ocif\ bJGUemrawmfESpfckudk rSwfom;yg/ 1/ pJGjrJjcif;ESifh cGeftm;\ bk&m;ocif 2/ igwdkY ocifa,½I\ bk&m;ocifESifh crnf;awmf/ txl;taMumif;t&m/ / pJGjrJjcif; 8;25ESifh crnf;awmf 1;7 wdkYüMunfhyg/

NASB (aemufqkH;jyifqifaom) bmomjyefusrf;/ / 15;7-13

7xdkYaMumifh c&pfawmfonfvnf; bk&m;oci\f bkef;awmfxif&Sm;ap&ef igwdkYudk vufcHonfhtwdkif; oifwdkY tcsif;csif;vufcHMuavmh/ 8]]igqdkonfum; bdk;ab;rsm;udk ay;aomuwdawmfrsm; wnfap&ef c&pfawmfonf bk&m;ocif\ or®mw&m;bufrS aeum? ta&;zsm;vSD;jcif;cHolwdkY\ tapcHjzpfvmcJhjyD/ 9xdkYaMumifh wyg;trsKd;om;wdkY tv,fwGif udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;um? emrawmfudk oDcsif;qdk ygrnf[k usrf;pmvm onfESifhtnD? wyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf *&kPmawmfaMumifh bk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;Muvdrfhrnf/ 10wzefolqdkonfum; tdk? wyg;trsKd;om;wdkY vlrsKd;awmfESifhtwl 0rf;ajrmufMuavmh/ 11wzefqdkjyefonfum;?

426

wyg;trsKd;om; taygif;wdkY xm0&bk&m;udk csD;rGrf;Muavm/ vlrsKd;taygif;wdkY udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muap [k vm\/ 12aemufwzef a[&Sm, ajymonfrSm a,&SJtjrpfxGufí wyg;trsKd;om;wdkYudk tkyfpkd;jcif;iSg? ay:xGef;vmoljzpfí wyg;trsKd;om;wdkYonf olYudk arQmfvifhMuvdrfhrnf[k qdk\/ 13oifwdkYonf oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmf\ wefcdk;tm;jzifh ajrmfvifhjcif;ü <u,f0ap&ef ajrmfvif;jcif;\ bk&m;ocifonf ocifwdkYtm; ,kHMunf0rf;ajrmufjcif;? jidrfoufjcif;ESifh jynfhpkHygapaom/

15;7 NASB, TEV ]]tcsif;csif;vufcH (accept) Muavmh}} NKJV ]]tcsif;csif;vufcH (receive) Muavhm}} NRSV ]]tcsif;csif;MudKqdkMuavmh/}} NJB ]]wa,mufudk wa,muf wlnDaom cifrifrIjzifh jyKrIMuavmh/}} ¤if;rSm PRESENT MIDDLE IMPERATIVE wpfckonf/ c&pfawmfonf uRefawmfwdkYudk vufcHcJhojzifh rdrdwdkY,kHMunfol tcsif;csif;qufvufum vufcH Mu&rnfjzpfonf/ þor®mw&m;udk 14;1ü awGY&onf/ odkYaomf þae&mürl wyg;trsKd;om;rsm;udk bk&m;ocifvufcHaMumif; "r®a[mif;usrf;ydk'f tcsKdUrdwfquf azmfjyonf/ (i,f 9-12) ¤if;onf a&mrjrdKU toif;awmftwGif; wif;rmrI\xif[yfrIjzpfEdkifonf/ ,kHMunfol tcsif;csif;ay;urf;a0iSjcif;onf c&pf,mefjzpfaMumif; azmfjy\/ (1;12/12;5?10?16/ 13;8/ 14;13?19/ 15;5?7?14/ 16;16)

]]c&pfawmfonf...igwdkYudk vufcHonfhtwdkif;}} ¤if;rSm AORIST MIDDLE INDICATIVE jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm ,kHMunfolrsm;onf tjcm;olrsm;tm; jyKrlapaom wGef;tm;ESifh taMumifh&if;jzpfonf/ (14;3) tcef;MuD; 14\ pl;pdkufjyKrIrSm 1/ c&pfawmftm; t&SifocifESifh w&m;pD&ifoltjzpf/ i,f 1-12 2/ c&pfawmftm; rdrdudk,frdrday;aom cspfjcif;arwÅm\ Oyrmtjzpf/ 13-23 c&pfawmfonf igwdkYudk vufcHojzifh? igwdkYonfvnf; tjcm;olrsm;udk vufcHMu&ygrnfμ ]]bk&m;ocif\ bkef;awmfxif&Sm;ap&ef}} 3;23 rSwfcsufü Munfhyg/

15;8 ]]c&pfawmfonf.... ta&zsm;vSD;jcif;cHolwdkY\ tapcHjzpfvmcJhjyD}} c&pfawmfrSm "r®a[mif;usrf;\ tem*wÅdpum;rsm; twdkif; bk&m;oci\f jynfhpkHaprIjzpfonf/ (róJ10;6/ 15;24) ¤if;udka&mrjrdKU toif;awmftwGif; ,kHMunfol *sL;rsm;ESifh wyg;trsKd;rsm; tMum;wifrmrItm; &nfpl;í ajymjcif; jzpfEdkifonf/

NASB ]]bdk;ab;rsm;udk (fathers) ay;aom uwdawmfrsm; wnfap&ef ... bk&m;ocif\ or®mw&m;bufrS aeum}} NKJV ]]bdk;ab;rsm;udk ay;aom uwdawmfrsm; wnfap&ef... bk&m;;cif\ or®musrf;w&m;twGuf}} NRSV ]]bkd;ab;rsm;udk (partriachs) ay;aom uwdawmfrsm;wnfap&ef... bk&m;ocif\ or®mw&m;bufrS aeum}} TEV ]]olwdkY\ bdk;ab;rsm;udk (ancestors) ay;aom uwdrsm; twdkif;jzpfvmap&ef bk&m;ocifonf opGm&SdaMumif; *sL;rsm;bufrS aeum jyo&ef}} NJB ]]bdk;ab;rsm;twGuf (patriachs) jyKaom uwdawmfrsm; bk&m;ocifopöm&SdpGm quvufap&ef/ ¤if;onf "r®a[mif;usrf;y#dnOfw&m;rsm;ü tpöa&;rsm;udk ay;aom bk&m;ocif\ uwdawmfrsm;udk ajymjcif;jzpfEdkifonf/ (4;16)/ rnfodkY jzpfap? vlom;tm;vkH;a&G;EIwf&ef bk&m;ocif ay;aom uwdawmfrsm;udk

427

&nfnTef;jcif;jzpfEdkifonf/ (urÇm 3;15/ 12;3/ xuf 19;5-6/ a[&Sm 2;2-4/ 56;7/ 66;18-24)/ {0Ha*vdowif;aumif;\ vQKdU0SufcsufrSm bk&m;ocif\ tpDtpOfonf *sL;ESifh wyg;trsKd;rsm;udk c&pfawmfrSwqifh aygif;pnf;ap&efjzpfonf/ ({zuf 2;11-3/ 3;13)/ "r®opf\ owif;pum;rSm topftqef;wpfck t[kwfbJ? "r®a[mif;usrf;\ ajrmfvifhjcif;rsm; jynfhpkHvmrIjzpfonf/ c&pfawmf aqmif&Gufaom r[mapcdkif;rIrSm (0g) tpöa&;udk uwdjyKaom ajrmfvifhjcif;rsm; jynfhpkHap&efESifh wyg;trsKd;om;rsm;tm; wHcg;zGifhay;&efjzpfonf/ (a&mr 3;29-30/ 9;30/ 10;11-12/ 16-20/ 11;25?32/ 16;25/ {zuf 2;11-3;21)/ bk&m;ocifudk wyg;trsKd;om;rsm;tm; zGifhjyum? olwdkYudk ,kHMunfjcif;w&m;odkY qJGaqmif&ef owif;aumif;qdkif&mapcdkif;jcif;udk tpöa&;ysufuGuf onfhtcg? þwpfurÇmvkH;qdkif&mwm0efjyD; ajymufatmif aqmif&Guf a&;twGuf (róJ 28;19-20/ vkum 24;47/ a,m[ef 3;16/ wref 1;8) a,½Ionf 0dnmOfa&;tpöa&; topfwpfrsKd;tm; wefcdk;ay;onf/ (9;6/ *v 6;16)

]]wnfap}} txl;taMumif;t&m 4;16ü Munfhyg/

15;9-12 ¤if;rSm wyg;trsKd;rsm;onf bk&m;ocif\ tpDtpOfwGif tjrJyg0ifaMumif;jy&ef "r®a[mif;usrf;ydk'fpOfrsm;udk udk;um;jcif;jzpfonf/ (txl;taMumif;t&m/ / uREkfyf Bob \ {0Ha*vdqdkif&mtjrif 1;5/ 10;16-20 wdkYü Munfhyg/ ¤if;rSm "r®a[mif;usrf;ydk'fwJGrsm; udk;um;jcif;jzpfonf/ 1/ i,f 9-qmvH 18;49 (0g) 2"r® 22;50 2/ i,f 10 – w&m;a[m 32;43 3/ i,f 11 – qmvH 117;1 4/ i,f 12 – a[&Sm 11;1?10 a[jAJor®musrf;pm\ u@MuD;wpfckpDrS udk;um;rIwpfcsufpDygaMumif; rSwfom;yg/ ynwÅdusrf;? ya&mzufrsm;usrf;ESifh pmayrsm;

15;9 ]]u&kPmawmfaMumifh bk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;}} a&mrMo0g'pm\ MudKwifcefYxm;jcif;? (9;15?16?18?23) wyg;trsKd;rsm;yg0ifjcif; (11;30?31?32/ 15;9) wdkY\ "r®oabmw&m;\aomhcsufrSm bk&m;ocif\ *&kPmawmfjzpfonf/ tpöa&;udk u,fwifonfrSm þ*&kPmawmfjzpfonf/ ,kHMunfolwyg;trsKd;rsm;udk u,fwifonfrSmvnf; þ*&kPmawmfyifjzpfonf/ xdk,EÅ&m;rSm vlom;\ aqmif&GufrIr[kwfbJ (a&mr 9) rajymif;rvJaom bk&m;ocif\ Muiftifvu©Pmjzpfonfh aus;Zl;awmf (xGuf 34;6/ ae[rd 9;17/ qmvH 103;8? 4/ a,mb 2;13) ESifh ar&Sd,qdkif&m uwdawmfjzpfonf/ (a,&Sm, 11;1?10)/ wyg;trsKd;om;rsm;onf bk&m;ocifudk atmufygwdkYjzifh bkef;awmf xif&Sm;apMujcif;rSm pdwf0ifpm;p&m aumif;onf/ 1/ 0efcHjcif;^ csD;rGrf;jcif; 2/ "r®oDcsif;oDqdkjcif; ,kHMunfolwpfOD;onf bk&m;ociftm; oDcsif;oDqdkonfhtcg 0efcHrIjyKjcif;? xkwfazmfrI jyKjcif;jzpfonf/ "r®oDcsif;rsm;onf ,kHMunfrI t,l0g' (creed) rsm;enf;wl w&m;0ifaom 0efcHrIwpfrsKd;jzpfonf (10;9-13) 15;13 ]]ajrmfvifhjcif;\ bk&m;ocif}} ¤if;onf 14;1 rS tpjyKaom usrf;pum; tkyfpk\ tydwfbkef;awmfbJGU jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm bk&m;ocif\ tHhbG,f&maumif;aom bJGUemrawmf wpfrsKd;jzpfonf/

15;13 ]]0rf; ajrmufjcif;? jidrfoufjcif;ESifh jynfhpkHap}} ¤if;rSm a&mrjrdKU ,kHMunfolrsm;twGuf aygvk\ qkawmif;csufudk jyaom AORIST ACTIVE OPTATIVE wpfckjzpfonf/ ]]tm;vkH;}} qdkaom pum;vkH;udk rSwfom;yg/ (5;1-2/ 14;17)/

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