y#dnmOfw&m;? 9;4

ynwfw&m;awmf ay;tyfjcif;udkrl aygvkonf aemufrSom azmfjyykHudk axmufvQif tmjA[HESifh jyKaom y#dnOfw&m;udk &nfnTef;jcif; jzpfEdkifonf/ aygvkonf ¤if;udk tajccH tkwfjrpftjzpf ½Ijrifum (4;1-25/ *v 3;16-17) tBudrfaygif;tawmf rsm;rsm;azmfjyNyD; (urÇm 12? 15?17) tBudrfwdkif;wGif bkd;ab;rsm;teuf wpfOD;pDudk cJGí azmfjyonf/

txl;taMumif;t&m/ / y#dnOfw&m;

"r®a[mif; a0g[m& berith (BDB 136) rS qif;oufaom y#dnOfw&m; pum;vkH;rSm t"dyÜg,f owfrSwf&ef rvG,fulacs/ ¤if;ESifh wJGbufBud,m a[NAJpum;vkH; r&Sdacs/ þpum;vkH;\ Zpfjrpfudk t"dyÜg,f &Sif;vif;&eftm;xkwfrI tm;vkH; &Sif;vif;jcif;r&Sdonf csnf;jzpf\/ rnfodkY jzpfapwpfckaocsmonfrSm xdkpum;vkH; rnfodkY tvkyfvkyfaMumif; qkH;jzwfEdkifa&;twGuf xdkpum;vkH;okH;EIef;ykHudk avhvm&ef jzpfonf[k ynm&Sifrsm; em;vnfxm;Muonf/ y#dnOfw&m;rSm ppfrSefNyD;? wpfqlwnf;aom bk&m;ocifonf rdrdzefqif;onfh vlom;tm; qufqHykHenf;vrf;jzpfonf/ or®musrf;pmawmfvmzGifhjyawmfrIjcif;udk em;vnfoabmayguf&efrSm y#dnOfw&m;? oabmwlpmcsKyf (0g) oabmwlnDrI pum;vkH;wdkY\ oabmw&m;rSm ta&;BuD;onf/ bk&m;ocif\ tcsKyftcsm tmPmESifh vlom;\ vGwfvyfrIwdkYtMum; wif;rmrIudk y#dnOf oabmw&m;ü &Sif;vif;pGm jrif&onf/ tcsKdUy#dnOfrsm;rSm bk&m;ocif\ oabmESifh vkyfaqmifrI oufoufay: tajcjyKonf/ 1/ zefqif;jcif; (urÇmOD; 1;2) 2/ tmjA[Htm; ac:zdwfjcif; (urÇmOD; 12) 3/ tmjA[HESifh y#dnOf jyKjcif; (urÇmOD; 15) 4/ aem{tm;vkHNcHKpGm xdef;odrf;jcif;ESifh uwdawmf (urÇmOD; 6;-9) rnfodkYjzpfap y#dnOfjyKjcif;\ oabmobm0rSm wkHUjyefrI vdktyfonfomjzpf\/ 1/ tm'Honf ,kHMunfjcif;jzifh bk&m;ocifudk emcHum? {'ifO,smOf tv,f&Sdopfyifudk rpm;&ef jzpfonf/ 2/ tmjA[Honf ,kHMunfjcif;jzifh rdrd\ rdom;pkudk pGefYcGgum? bk&m;ocifudk vkdufvsuf? ol\ tem*wf tquftEG,frsm; taMumif;ü ,kHMunfrI&Sd&ef vdktyfonf 3/ aem{onf ,kHMunfjcif;tm;jzifh BuD;rm;aom avSBuD;wpfpD;tm; a&ESifh a0;&mt&yfü wnfaqmufum? wd&pämefrsm;udk pkaqmif;&ef jzpfonf 4/ arma&Sonf tpöa&;vlrsKd;udk tD*spfEdkifiHrS odemawmifodkY ,kHMunfjcif;jzifh ac:xkwfum? uwdawmfrsm;ESifh usdefqJjcif;rsm; ygaom bmoma&;ESifh vlrIa&;b0twGuf wdusaom vrf;nTef;rIrsm; vu©&&Sdonf/ (w&m;a[m 27-28) bk&m;ocifonf vlom;tm; qufqHa&; yg0ifonfh tvm;wlwif;rsmrIrsKd; ]]y#dnOfw&m;topf}} ü azmfjyyg&Sdonf/ a,Zausv 18udk a,Z 36;27-37 (YHWH \vkyfaqmifrI) ESifh EIdif;,SOfavhvmygu þwif;rmrIudk &Sif;vif;pGm jrif&onf/ þy#dnOfw&m;onf bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmf vkyfaqmifrIrsm;ay: tajcjyKaejcif;avm (0g) vlom;tm; wkHUjyefrIjyK&ef trdefYawmf csrSwfjcif;avm¿ ¤if;rSm y#dnOfw&m;ta[mif;ESifh topfü tvGefta&;BuD;aom taMumif;t&mjzpfonf/ ESpfckpvkH;\ yef;wdkifrsm;rSm twlwlyifjzpfNyD; (1) YHWH onf urÇmOD; 3 u ½ªH;qkH;cJh&aom rdwfo[m,udk jyefvnf&&Sd&efESifh (2) bk&m;ocif\ oabmudk xif[yfaprnfh ajzmifhrwfaom vlrsKd;wpfrsKd; xlaxmif&ef jzpfonf/

286

a,Z 31;31-34 &Sd topfaom y#dnOfw&m;onf vufoifhcHrI&&Sd&ef enf;vrf;tjzpf vlom;\ aqmif&GufrItm; z,f&Sm;vdkufjcif;tm;jzifh tqdkyg wif;rmrIudk ajz&Sif;vdkufonf/ bk&m;ocif\ ynwfawmfrSm vl\ jyifyw&m;pD&ifa&; Oya'tpm; vl\txJrS qE´awmifhwrI wpfrsKd;jzpfvmonf/ yef;wkdifjzpfonfh bk&m;w&m;&dkaoav;pm;aom? ajzmifhrwfaom vlrsKd;[lonf ,ciftwdkif;yif jzpfaomfvnf;? enf;pepfajymif;vJoGm;onf/ usqif;aom vlom;onf bk&m;ocif\ o@mefawmftm; xif[yfapoljzpf vm&ef oifhavsmfvkHavmufrIr&SdaMumif; olYudk,fol twnfjyKcJhayNyD/ bk&m;ocif\ y#dnOfw&m;ü jyóem&Sdí r[kwfbJ? vlom;\ tjypfjynfhrIESifhtm;enf;rIrSm jyóemjzpfonf/ (a&mr 7/ *v wd 3)/ "r®a[mif;\ cRif;csufrJhESifh cRif;csufyg y#dnOfw&m;rsm;tMum; wif;rmrIonf "r®opfusrf;ü qufvuf&Sdaeonf/ u,fwifjcif;onf a,½Ic&pfawmfNyD;pD;cJhNyD;aom tvkyfü vkH;0tcrJhjzpfaomvnf;? aemifwESifh ,kHMunfjcif; (tpjyKjcif;ESifh qufuyfoGm;jcif; ESpfrsKd;pvkH;) awmif;qdkonf/ ¤if;rSm w&m;Oya't& trdefYausnmrIESifh c&pfawmfESifh wlnD&ef ac:zdwfrI ESpfrsKd;pvkH;jzpfonf/ vufoifhcHaMumif; tjzpfrSeftm; azmfjyrIESifh oefY&Sif;pifMu,f&ef apcdkif;rIjzpfonfμ ,kHMunfolwdkYrSm olwdkY\ vkyfaqmifrIaMumifh u,fwifjcif;&&Sdonfr[kwfaomfvnf; emcH&ef u,fwifcH&jcif;jzpfonf/ ({zuf 2;8-10)/ bk&m;w&m;ESifh nDaom touf&Sifjcif;onf u,fwifjcif;\ taxmuftxm;jzpfNyD;? u,fwifjcif;&&ef enf;vrf;r[kwfacs/ rnfodkYjzpfap xm0& toufü jrifEkdifaom Muiftifvu©Pmrsm;&Sdonfμ þwif;rmrIudk a[NAJMo0g'pmü &Sif;vif;pGm jrif&onf/

]]ynwfw&m;awmfESifh Adrmefawmfü trIaqmif&Gufjcif;rsm; tyfay;jcif;}} ¤if;\ &nfnTef;csufrSm 1/ odemawmifay:wGif arma&Su ynwfw&m;awmf vu©&&Sdjcif; (xGuf 19-10) 2/ oJuEÅm&xJ vSnfhvnfoGm;vmpOf umv&Sd wJawmf (xGuf 25-40 ESifh 0wfjyK&musrf;) wdkYjzpfonf/

]]uwdawmfrsm;}} bk&m;ocifonf rdrd\ tem*wfpDrHcsufrsm; zGifhjycJhNyDjzpfonf/ (1;2/ wref 13;32/ wdwk 1;2/ a[NAJ 1;1)/ y#dnOfw&m;rsm;udk apmapmuyif azmfjycJhNyD; jzpfojzifh ]]uwdawmfrsm;}} [k qdk&mü ar&Sd,udk &nfnTef;jcif; jzpfEkdifonf/ 9i,f 5/ Oyrm urÇm 3;15/ 49;10/ w&m; 1;8;15? 18-19/ 2"r® 7/ qmvH 16;10/ 118;22/ a[&Sm, 7;14/ 9;6/ 11;1-5/ 'H 7;13? 27/ rdu©m5;2-5/ Zm 2;6-13/ 6;12-13/ 9;9/ 11;12)/ þuwdawmfrsm;rSm (y#dnOfw&m;rsm;) cRif;csufrJhjzpfonfenf;wl? cRif;csufygvnf; jzpfMuonf/ bk&m;ocif\ vkyfaqmifrItydkif;ESifh qdkifí cRif;csufrJhjzpfonf rSefaomfvnf; (urÇm 15;12-21) vlom;\ ,kHMunfrIESihf emcHrItydkif;vnf; vkdtyfonf jzpfí cRif;csufESifhvnf; jzpfaeao;onf/ (urÇm 15;6 ESifh a&mr 4)/ c&pfawmf r<uvmrDumvü tpöa&;uom bk&m;ocif\ rdrdudk,frdrdzGihfjyawmfrljcif; &&SdcJhonf/ (a,mbESifh a,oa&m wdkYuJhodkYaom cRif;csufrsm;&Sdygonf)

9;5 ]]bdk;ab;rsm;}} ¤if;onf tmjA[H? u£ZufESifh ,mukyf? urÇmOD; 12-50 twGif;&Sd trsKd;\ ueOD; zcifrsm;udk &nfnTef;onf/ (a&mr 11;28/ w&m 7;8/ 10;15)/

287

]]aoG;om;Zmwdtm;jzifh c&pfawmfonfvnf; olwdkYrS qif;oufvmonf}} ¤if;onfar&Sd,t&Sif\ cE¨mudk,f rsKd;&dk;udk ajymonf/ (1;3/ txl;taMumif;t&m/ / ar&Sd,t&Sif – 1;4 ü Munfhyg)/ olonf bdodufcH&ol? bk&m;ocif\ uwdawmfrsm;ESifh pDrHcsufrsm;udk (10;6) NyD;pD;aprnfh bk&m;ocif txl;a&G;cs,faom tapcH jzpfonf/ ]]c&pfawmf}} [laom a0g[m&rSm a[NAJ bmompum; ]]bdodufcH,l&&Sdol}} Anoited One tm; *&dvdk bmomjyefjcif; jzpfonf/ "r®a[mif;usrf;ü oefY&Sif;aom qDjzifh avmif;um (cefYxm;aom) acgif;aqmif okH;rsKd;&dSonf/ 1/ tpöa&;&Sifbk&if 2/ tpöa&;\ ,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm; 3/ tpöa&;\ ya&mzufrsm; xdkodkY jyKjcif;rSm bk&m;ocif\ trIawmftwGuf olwdkYudk a&G;cs,fjcif;ESifh wefqmyvmwyfqif (t&nftcsif;ay;jcif;) ay;jcif;\ trSwftom;jzpfonf/ a,½Ionf bdodufcHaom þ½kH;awmfokH;yg;pvkH;NyD; jynfhpkHoGm;apcJh\ (a[NAJ 1;2-3)/ olonf vljzpfvm (vl0ifpm;ol) bk&m;jzpfaomaMumifh? olonf bk&m;ociftm; tjynfht0zGifhjcif; jzpfonf/ (a[&Sm 7;14/ 9;6/ rdu©m 5;2-5/ aum 1;13-20)/ txl;taMumif;t&m 1;3 ]]aoG;om;Zmwd}} ü Munfhyg/  NASB ]]aoG;om;Zmwdtm;jzifh c&pfawmf? t&mcyfodrf;tkyfpdk;awmfrlol? aumif;csD;r*Fvm xm0&cHpm;&aom bk&m;ocif}} NKJV ]]c&pfawmf <uvmonf t&mcyfodrf;tkyfpdk;awmfrlol? xm0&umvywfvkH; aumif;csD;r*FvmcHpm;&ol? bk&m;ocif}} NRSV ]]ar&Sd,t&Sif<uvmonf/ t&mcyfodrf; tkyfpdk;awmfrlol? aumif;csD;r*Fvm xm0&cHpm;&aom bk&m;ocif}} TEV ]]c&pfawmfonf vlom;wpfa,muftaejzifh olwdkY\ trsKd;jzpfawmfrl\/ t&mcyfodrf; tkyfpdk;awmfrlol bk&m;ocifonf? tNrJxm0&csD;rGrf;jcif;cH&ygapaom}} NJB ]]aumif;csD;r*Fvmxm0& cHpm;&ol bk&m;ocif? t&mcyfodrf;xuf BuD;jrwfawmfrlol c&pfawmf<uvm}} o'´genf;t& ¤if;onf crnf;awmfudk csD;rGrf;aom bkefawmfbJGUjzpfEdkifaomfvnf; (TEV onf *sL;tpOftvmvdkufonf) usrf;pum; tquftpyfoabmonf a,½IrSm bk&m;jzpfaMumif; aygvk\ twnfjyKcsufudk ydkí rsufESmomay;onf (aygvkonf LXX ü yg&Sdonfhtwdkif; YHWH \bkef;awmfbJGUjzpfaom *sL;ykHpHrvdkufacs/ J. Mwoy, 11, pp. 245-248 ü Munfhyg/) aygvkonf a,½I pum;vkH;ü Theos udk rMumcProkH;aomfvnf; wpfcgwpfavokH;ygonf/ (wref 20;28/ 2ouf 1;12/ wdwk 2;13/ zd 2;6)/ ueOD;toif;awmf zcifrsm;tm;vkH;onf þusrf;ydk'fudk a,½Itm;&nfnTef;csuftjzpf teufjyefMuonf/ Bruce

Metzger, "A Textual Commentary On the Greek New Testament, pp. 520-522, ü ajymonfrSm oabmuJGvTJrIonf pmtjzwftawmuf oauFwrsm;csjcif;ESifh qufpyfonf[k qdkonf/ a&S;a[mif;vufa&; rlusrf;wdkYü pmvkH;MuD;rsm;jzifh a&;om;&mwGif 1/ pmvkH;BuD;pmvkH;i,fr&Sd 2/ pmtjzwftawmuf oauFwr&Sd

288

3/ pmydk'fcJGjcif;r&Sd 4/ pmvkH;wpfckESifh wpfcktMum; uGufvyfae&myifcsefrxm;acs/ ]]t&mcyfodrf;tkyfpdk;awmfrIol}} ¤if;onfvnf; crnf;awmf bk&m; (0g) om;awmfa,½ItaMumif;a&;om; azmfjy&mpum;pk jzpfEkdifonf/ ¤if;onf róJ 28;19 u a,½I\ azmfjycsufESifh aum 1;15-20u aygvk\ azmfjycsufwdkYudk xif[yfaponf/ cef;em;x,f0gvSaom þpum;pkonf emZ&ufjrdKUom;a,½Itm; jiif;y,fcJhMujcif;\ rdkufrJrIrnfrQ qkd;0g;ykHjyoonf/

]]tNrJxm0&}} ¤if;rSm *&dtD'D,HtokH;tEIef;jzpfonfh ]]uyfumvrsm;}} unto ages jzpfonf/ (vkum 1;33/ a&mr 1;25/ 11;35/ *v 1;5/ 1wd 1;17)/ ¤if;rSm tvm;wl qufpyfonfh pum;pk tcsKdUteufwpfckjzpfonf/ (1) ]]uyfumv}} unto the age (róJ 21;19 (rmuk 11;14) vkum 1;55/ a,m 6;5? 58/ 8;35/ 12;34/ 13;8/ 14;16/ 2aum 9;9) odkYr[kwf (2) ]]urÇmtqufquf}} of the age of the ages uyf umvrsm;\ uyfumv (uyfumv tqufquf) ({zuf 3;21)/ "Forever" tNrJxm0&[laom tokH;tEIef;ESifh uJGjym;jcm;em;jcif;&Sd[efrwlacs/ a0g[m& "ages" uyfumvrsm; uyurÇmrsm;onf wifpm;rI oabmjzifh trsm;jyudef;jzpfEdkifonf/ ¤if;rSm cef;em;x,f0grIudk azmfjy&mü *sL;&dAÁd q&mBuD;rsm; okH;onfh o'´gzJGUpnf;ykHwpfrsKd; jzpfonf/ odkYr[kwf ]]tjypfuif;apaom uyfumv age of innocence, ]]qdkd;qGrf;aom uyfumv age of wickedness " vmvwhHaom uyfumv age to come, odkYr[kwf ]]ajzmifhrwfjcif; uyfumv}} (age of righteousness) ponfh t"dyÜg,f&Sdaom *sL;vlrsKd;wdkY\ ]]uyfumvrsm;}}- ages t,ltqudk &nfnTef;jcif; jzpfEdkifonf/

]]tmrif}} txl;taMumif;t&m – 1;25 ü Munfhyg/

NASB (aemufqkH;jyifqifaom) bmomjyefusrf;/ / 9;6-13

6odkYaomf ¤if;onf bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmf ysufuGuf&m ra&mufacs/ taMumif;rSm tpöa&;rS qif;oufoltm;vkH; tpöa&;r[kwfacs/ 7tmjA[H\ tquftEG,fwdkif; tmjA[H\ uav;rsm;r[kwfacs/ odkYaomf ]]u£Zuftm;jzifh oif\ tquftEG,frsm;[k rSnfhac:vdrfhrnf/}} 8¤if;rSm aoG;om;Zmwduav;wdkYonf bk&m;ocif\ uav;rsm;r[kwfbJ? uwdawmf\ uav;rsm;udkom tquftEG,frsm;tjzpf rSwf,ljcif;jzpfonf/ 9taMumif;rSm ]]þtcsdefü ig<uvmum? pm&monf om;wpfa,mufxGef;um;vdrfhrnf}} qdkonfrSm uwdpum;awmfjzpf\/ 10þt&müom r[kwfa&Auúüvnf; olonf igwdkY\ tbjzpfaom a,musfm;wpfa,muftm;jzifh tjrTmudk,f0efaqmifcJhpOfu 11tjrTmwdkYonf rarG;zGm;&ao;? taumif;tqdk;wpfpkHwpf&m rjyKrDuyif? bk&m;ocif\ a&G;cs,fjcif;ESifhqdkifaom tBuHtpnfawmfonf tusifhrsm;aMumifhrwnfbJ? ac:awmfrIolaMumifhomwnfapjcif;iSg 12olrtm; ]]om;BuD;onf om;i,ftm; tapcHvdrfhrnf[k ajym\/ 13¤if;rSm ]],mukyfudk igcspfaomfvnf;? {aomudk igrkef;\}} [k usrf;pmvmonfESifhtnD jzpfonf/

9;6 ]]bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmf}} þusrf;ydk'fü þpum;pkonf "r®a[mif;\ y#dnOfw&m;vm uwdawmfrsm;udk &nfnTef;onf/ bk&m;ocif\ uwdawmfrsm;rSm aocsmonf/ (awmfvnf 23;19/ a,m½I 21;45/ 23;14/ 4 "r® 10;10/ a[&Sm 40;8/ 55;11/ 59;21)/

289

NASB, NRSV

TEV, NJB ]]ysufuGufcJhonf}} NRJV ]]t&mra&mufjzpfcJh&NyD}} þa0g[m& (ekpiptŌ) udk Septuagint (LXX) ü tBudrfaygif;tawmfrsm;rsm;okH;um wpfpkHwpf&m (a[&Sm 6;13) wpfpkHwpfa,muf (a[&Sm 14;12) usonfudk qdkvdk\/ þae&mü PERFECT ACTIVE INDICATIVE jzpfNyD; Mum&SnfcHaomtusKd;oufa&mufrI jzpfaejcif; (odkYaomf ¤if;udk y,fzsufxm;onf) tajctaeudk jyonf/ bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmftm; pdwfcsaocsm &rIudk txufyg rSwfpkü Munfhyg/

NASB ]]taMumif;rSmtpöa&;rS qifoufol tm;vkH;tpöa&; r[kwfacs}} NKJV ]]taMumif;rSm tpöa&;jzpfoltm;vkH; tpöa&;r[kwfacs/}} NRSV ]]taMumif;rSm tpöa&;tm;vkH; tpöa&;r[kwfacs/}} TEV ]]taMumif;rSm tpöa&; vlrsKd;tm;vkH; bk&m;ocif\ vlrsKd;r[kwfacs}} NJB ]]taMumif;rSm tpöa&;rS qif;oufoltm;vkH; tpöa&;r[kwfacs}}

qefYusifbufjzpfaeoa,mif þazmfjyrIonf ]]tpöa&;}} a0g[m&\ or®musrf;pmawmfvm t"dyÜg,fudk wpfywfaemufjyefvnfhypfvdkufonf/ 1/ ,mukyf\ tquftEG,frsmudk qdkvdkaom tpöa&; (urÇm 32;22-32) 2/ bk&m;ocifa&G;aumufaom vlrsKd;udk qdkvdkaom tpöa&; (TEV) 3/ toif;awmfudk qdkvdkaom tpöa&;jzpfonfh 0dnmOfa&;&m tpöa&; (*v 6;16/ 1ay 2;8? 9/ Asm 1;6) –tNydKif – yuwd tpöa&; (i,f 3-6)/ tmjA[H\ uav;rsm;teuf wpfcsKdUuomvQif uwdawmfESifh qdkifaom uav;rsm; jzpfonf/ (i,f 7)/ *sL;vlrsKd;rsm;yif olwdkY\ rsKd;EG,fudk tajcjyKí (i,f 7) bk&m;ocifESifh rSefjcif;r[kwfcJhMubJ? olwdkY\ ,kHMunfjcif;udk tajcjyKonf/ (2;28-29/ 4;1/ a,m 8;31-59/ *v 3;7-9/ 4;23) bk&m;ocif\ uwdawmfrsm;udk cHpm;um? ,kHMunfjcif;tm;jzifh ¤if;wdkYtm;vdkufavQmufcJhMu olrsm;rSm (9;27/ 11;5) ,kHMunfolt<uif;tusefrsm;om jzpfonf/ txl;taMumif;t&m/ / 9;27-28 ü Munfhyg/) tcef;i,f 6 onf rSef;qxm;aom jiif;qefrI tcsKdUESifh tpjyKonf/ (9;14/ 19? 30/ 11;1) ¤if;onf aygvk\ a0zefpmykHpH qufvufjcif; jzpfonf/ ¤if;rSm jiif;qefolwpfa,muf&Sdav[ef rsKd;jzifh or®mw&m;udk ajymjyjcif; jzpfonf/ (rmv 1;2? 6?7 ESpfcg 12?13/ 2;14? 17 ESpfcg? 3;7? 13?14)/

9;7 þti,f\ yxrydkif;wpf0ufrSm urÇmOD; 21;12rS jzpfonf/ tmjA[H\ uav;tm;vkH;wdkYrSm bk&m;ocif\ y#dnOfw&m;uwdawmfESifh rqdkifMuacs/ (urÇm 12;1-3/ 15;1-11/17;1-21/ 18;1-15/ *v 4;23)/ ¤if;onf ti,f 8-9u u£&SarvESifh ti,f 10-11u ,mukyfESifh {aomwdkY\ uJGjym;jcm;emrIrsm;udk jyonf/

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