പാഠഭേദം മാസിക നവംബർ 2020

s]bn‚nwKv B¬_w : tkma≥ ISeq¿

355 ]pkvX-Iw-: 9 e°w: 11 \hw_¿ 2020

Cu e-°w jo-\m tPm-kn-\v tI-c-f-Øn-se B-Zy-sØ s^-an-\n-Ãp-I-fn-sem-cmfm-b jo-\ aq∂-c ]-Xn-‰m≠m-bn ]mT-t`-Z-Øn-s‚ `mKw. km-dm tPm-k-^v, I-\nIp-kr-Xn, ]n C D-j, sI sP tPm-Wn F-∂nh-cp-sS Hm¿ΩIƒ 55˛ 58 ¬.

ss\XnIthZn {]km[\w ]n \mcm-b-W- ta-t\m≥ ({]knU‚ v) ]n IrjvW-Ip-am¿ (sk{I´dn) FUn-t‰m-dn-bF-]n Ip-™m-ap, tSman amXyphSt°SØv ]fl\m`≥ hnP-b-cm-L-h≥ tNenb, Sn sF emep arZp-em-tZ-hn F-kv, F≥ _n P-b-emknhnIv N{μ≥ kn Fkv cmP≥ (tIm∏n FUn-‰¿) Nn{X߃: tkma≥ ISeq¿

{]kmZv cm[mIrjvW≥ kPnXv Ip-am¿ kn F-kv cm-P≥ Unssk≥ & te Hu´v: Fw at\mlc≥ B∏nƒtSmIv, tImgnt°mSv˛4

A¬ Aao≥ _n¬UnwKv Nn¥mhf∏v, tImgn-t°mSv˛4 8086205415, 9446464948, 9633751353

patabhedam@gmail.com

A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS G-I {]-kn-U‚v tXm-‰p; A-ta-cn-° hn-Pb - n-°p-am-bn-cn-°pw 4 tSman amXyp km-aq-ly- \o-Xncm-jv{- So-bw A-hk - m-\n-°p-∂p?

6 A-ar-Xve - mth-≠-Xv- \n-ß-fp-sS `-c-W-a-√, P-\-ß-fp-sS kz-bw-`-c-Ww 9 10 ASnÿm\ tIcfw apt∂mt´m ]nt∂mt´m?

Ip-´n A-l-Ω-ZvIp-´n ta-b-sd t\-cn-´v sX-c-s™-Sp-Øm-tem? / sF-k-Iv B‚-Wn 13 P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W-Øn-s‚ P-\n-X-Iw / hn.sI.{io-[c- ≥ 14 15 Xm-sg-Ø´n-se-¶n-epw th-Ww hy-Xy-kv-X-am-sbm-cp `-c-W-£-a-X F-kv ]n c-hn \-Kc- ß - ƒ-°m-bn A - © - v- ]-cn-jvI - c- W - A - P - ≠ - I - ƒ 18 hn- B¿- h-N-\ ap-gp-h≥ h-\n-Xm `-c-W-hp-am-hmw / tUm. ]n ]n _m-e≥ 21 22 A-IØ - pw P-\m-bØ - w th-≠n-hc- pw bp A-Pn-Xv sI. _m-eI - r-jvW - ≥: \n-dt- h-‰s- ∏-Sm-™ hm-KvZ- m-\w 24 _n B¿ ]n `mkvI¿ hn-h-cm-h-Im-i \n-b-aw Hm¿-a-bn-ep-t≠m? / I-fw cm-P≥ 25 26 ]p-Xn-b Im¿-jn-I \n-b-a-߃ :- N¿-® sN-tø-≠-Xv a-‰p Nn-e-Xv hn-t\m-Zv-Ip-am¿ ]n ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn˛-]-´n-I-h¿-§ ¢m-kn-^n-t°-j-s\ `b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-cv ? 29 hn hn A-`n-em-jv ]-Xn-hn-√m-Ø H-cp _n-cn-bm-Wn-°q-´v / jm-Pn -Sn.bp.

31 32 km-aq-ln-I A-Ie - Ø - n¬-\n-∂v s]m-Xp-ab - n-te-°v kn- F-k-v -sh¶n-tS-iz-c≥ sF-Iy-cm-jv-{S k-` @ 75 / kp\nXm \mcmb¨ 40 41 ]p-Xn-b-sXm-∂pw A-\y-a-√ / A-ar-Xv-emA-Sp-Ø ap-Jy-a-{¥n ap-kv-enw B-bm-se-¥v? / I-cp-Wm-I-c≥ 43 _-lp-X-bp-sS ]mT-߃ / ayq-kv ta-cn tPm¿-÷v 44 I-S-∏p-d-Øp-\n-∂v ]o-‰-d-Æ≥ / F-kv ]n D-Z-b-Ip-am¿ 45 am-[y-a- {]-h¿-Ø\ - Ø - n-\pw \n-ba- k - w-c£ - W - a- m-hi - y-ap-≠v 46 F≥ ]n cm-tP-{μ≥ th-Ww "Hm-∏¨ ko-{I-‰v ' \-ap-°pw / tPm¨ ]t{Xmkv 49 IhnX: A-kow Xm-∂n-aq-Sv /]n kp-[m-I-c≥ a-Rv-Pp D-Æn-Ir-jv-W≥ / Fw k-Mv 50˛53 54 sIm-Sp-°¬ hm-ß-en¬ ]-W-sa-¥n-\v? / Sn sF em-ep 59 B-fm-°w I-t≠, aq-fm-°w tI-t´... / Fw a-t\m-l-c≥

A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS G-I {]-kn-U‚v tXm-‰p; A-ta-cn-° hn-P-bn-°p-am-bn-cn-°pw tSman amXyp

A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS B-Zy-{]-knU‚ v ]-Sn-bn-d-ßp-I-bm-Wv. e-£W-sam-Ø B-Zy A-ta-cn-°≥ {]kn-U‚ v sUm-Wmƒ-Uv sP. {Sw]v A-[n-Im-c -{`-jv-S-\m-hp-∂p. Hmtcm cm-Py-Øn-\pw P-\-X-°pw Ah-c¿-ln-°p-∂, A-hc - p-sS kz-`m-hw {]-Xn-\n-[o-Ic - n-°p-∂ `-cW - m-[n-Imcn-I-sf e-`n-°p-∂p-sh-∂ B ¢otj Hm¿-°p-I. A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS X\n-kz-`m-hw k-Ø-bn-epw `m-h-Ønepw Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂ H-cp {]-knU‚ v B cm-Py-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-´pt≠m? kw-i-b-am-Wv, {Sw-]v cw-KØ-hX - c - n-°p-∂X - p-hs - c.

A-ta-cn-°≥ cm-jv-{S-k-¶-ev-]-

4

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

Øn-s‚ P-\n-X-I tc-J ]-cn-tim[n-°p-I. a-’-c-_p-≤n-bp-sS A-\nb-{¥n-X B-hn-jv-Im-cw km-[y-am°p-∂ hy-‡n-kzm-X-{¥y k-¶ev]w, B-tKm-f A-[o-i-Xzw \n¿±m-£n-Wyw ]n-¥p-Sc - p-∂ cm-Pym-¥c-ho-£-Ww. Cu P-\n-X-I kz-`mh-Øn-s‚ i-cn-bm-b {]-Im-i-\-amtWm kz-¥w P-\-X-bv-°pw temI-Øn-\pw ap-∂n¬ A-ta-cn-°b - p-sS cm-jv{- So-b hy-hÿ m-]n-XX - zw Bwπn-ss^ sN-øp-∂ D-Zm-Ø-߃? \-Ωp-sS \-√ am-em-J-am¿ (our better angels), \-Ωp-sS \-√ k-l-Phm-k-\-Iƒ (our better instincts), tem-I-Øn-se G-‰-hpw a-l-Øm-b cm-jv-{Sw (the greatest nation on earth), sh-fn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ \-√-h-cm-b R-߃ (we are better than that). {]-Im-in-∏n-°p∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ B {]-tbmK-߃ A-Xn-s‚ hn-]c - o-X߃ aq-Sn-sh-°p-I-bm-Wv F-∂-Xv {i-≤n-°p-I. C-h D-Zm-Ø-߃ am-{X-am-sW∂v, \-Ωƒ \-Ωp-sS cm-PyØn-s‚ "X-\n-kz-`m-hw' hos≠-Sp-°-W-sa-∂ hm-Z-hpam-bm-Wv {Sw-]v cw-K-{]-thiw sN-øp-∂-Xv: sa-bv-°v A-ta-cn-° s{K-bv-‰v F-sKbv≥!

G-Xp k-μ¿-`-Øn-embn-cp-∂p {Sw-]n-s‚ A-hX - mc-sa-∂X - pw {i-t≤-ba - m-Wv. tI-h-ew P-ev-]-\-߃-°∏p-d-tØ-°v Cu D-Zm-Øß-sf cm-jv-{S-i-co-c-Ønk-∂n-th-in-∏n-°m≥ A-tacn-° \-S-Øn-b h-en-sbmcp hn-izm-k-°p-Xn-∏n-s‚ k-μ¿-`w. H-cp I-dp-Ø h¿§-°m-c≥ A-ß-s\ A-ta-

cn-°≥ {]-kn-U‚m-bn ÿm-\t- a¬°p-∂p. A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS \-√ amem-Ja - m-sc, \-√ tNm-Z\ - I - s - f thm´¿-am¿ B-hm-ln-®p-hc - p-Øn. X-ßfp-sS P-\n-XI - ssh-Ie - y-ßs - f AXn-Po-hn-°p-∂h - n-[w H-cp cm-j{v- S-Km{Xw k-tN-X-\-am-b k-μ¿-`w. AtX-k-a-bw _-cm-°v lp-ssk≥ H_m-a-bp-sS B F-´p-h¿-j-ß-fnH-cp s\-cn-t∏m-Sp-t]m-se F-cn-™psIm-≠n-cp-∂X - v A-ta-cn-°b - p-sS P\n-X-I kz-cq-]-Øn¬- D-bn¿-s°m≠ `o-Xn-bp-tS-bpw hn-tZz-jØ - n-t‚bpw A-hn-izm-k-Øn-t‚-bpw I-\ep-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. {Sw-]v km-[y-am-bX-ß-s\-bm-Wv. s]m-fn-‰n-°¬ F-Ãm-ªn-jvsa‚n-s‚ D-Zm-Ø P-ev-]-\-ß-f-√ A-ta-cn-°b - p-sS a-lX - z-Øn-s‚ ImX¬ F-∂X - m-bn-cp-∂p {Sw-]n-s‚ hmZw. sa-bv° - v A-ta-cn-° s{K-bn-‰v FsK-bv≥ F-∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw cm-jv{Sw A-Xn-s‚ P-∑-hm-k-\-I-sf Xncn-®p-]n-Sn-°-W-sa-∂ B-lzm-\-ambn-cp-∂p. \n¿-Ωm-tWm-∑p-J-X-b-√ hn-[zw-k-I-Xz-am-bn-cp-∂p B ap-{Zmhm-Iy-Øn-s‚ A-¥- -Ø. F-Ãmªn-jvs - a‚ v˛- h - m-jnw-KvS- ¨ A-S° - nhm-gp-∂ cm-jv{- So-b° - m¿; cm-Pym-¥c D-S-º-Sn-I-fpw am-\y-X-bpw; am-[ya-߃ ˛ hn-cp-≤-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p AXn-s‚ B-I¿-jW - o-bX - . Xp-ey-Xmt_m-[w, k-l-Po-hn ]-cn-K-W-\, Zo-\-Z-bm-ep-Xzw, `m-hn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ D¬-°-WvT F-∂n-h-sbm-s° kv-ss{X-W-h¬-°-cn-°-s∏-´, s]mfn-‰n-°-en I-d-Iv-Sm-b ]-Zm-h-en-Iƒ am-{X-am-sW-∂v {Sw-]v I-fn-bm-°n. hn-Pb - Ø - n-s‚-bpw ]u-cp-jØ - n-s‚bpw hm-°p-Iƒ ]-I-c-sa-Øn. cmjv{- S-Km-{X-Øn¬ ho¿-∏p-ap-´n-°n-S∂ "C-cp-≠ am-em-Ja - m¿'°v A-in-£nX t_m-[-߃-°v {Sw-]v Xp-d-hn

sIm-Sp-Øp. F-Ãm-ªn-jv-sa‚n-s\ sR-´n-®p-sIm-≠v A-`q-X-]q¿-Δ-amb ]p-cp-jm-cw {Sw-]n-\v ]p-ds - I-sbmgp-In. A-ta-cn-°b - p-sS P-\n-XI - KpWw t]-dp-∂, e-£-W-sam-Ø, {]kn-U‚ v A-[n-Im-cØ - n-se-Øn. Ata-cn-°≥ {]m-Xn-\n-[y P-\m-[n-]X - yØn-s‚ k-l-P ssh-I-ey-ß-fp-sS Iq-Sn ]n-¥p-W-tbm-sS (ln-e-cn ¢n‚- W m- b n- c p- ∂ - t √m {Sw- ] n- t \°mƒ ap-∏-Xp e-£-tØm-fw thm´n-s‚ `q-cn-]-£w). {Sw-]v {]-Xn-`m-k-Øn-s‚ i-_vZm-c-h-߃ ap-g-ßn-Øp-S-ßn-b Ime-Øv X-s∂ A-ta-cn-°-bv-°v ap∂n¬ a-s‰m-cp h-gn-bpw Xp-d-∂p-h∂n-cp-∂p. A-ta-cn-°≥ k-aq-lØ - nepw k-º-Zv-L-S-\-bn-epw A-[n-Imc k-a-hm-Iy-ß-fn-epw tem-I-Ønse A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS `m-K-t[-b-XzØn-epw A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂ L-S\m-]-c-am-b A-\o-Xn-sb A-`n-kwt_m-[-\ sN-ø-Ww F-∂v hn-izkn-®-h-cp-sS {[p-ho-I-c-Ww. {]-Xn`m-k k-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xn-\pw e-`n-® P-\-]n-¥p-W. sU-tam-{Im‰n-Iv ]m¿-´n-bp-sS ÿm-\m¿-∞n-tamln-bm-bn ln-e-cn ¢n‚-sW-Xn-sc a-’-cn-® t_¿-Wn km-t‚-gv-km-bncp-∂p B {[p-ho-I-c-W-Øn-s‚ {]Xn-cq-]w. F-Ãm-ªn-jv-sa‚ v hn-cp≤-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p B ap-t∂-‰-Ønt‚-bpw ap-J-ap-{Z. hy-h-ÿm-]n-XXzw k¿-Δ-k-∂m-l-ß-fp-am-bn lne-cn ¢n‚-\v ]n-∂n¬ A-Wn-\n-c∂ - p. kv-{Xo-Iƒ, bp-h-P-\-߃, hn-Zym¿∞n-Iƒ F-∂n-ß-s\ s]m-Xp-kwh¿-§ß - f - p-sS ]n-¥p-W D-tØ-P\ - w ]-I¿-∂t- ∏m-gpw kz-Xzm-[n-jT v n-X hnth-N\ - ß - f - \ - p-`h - n-°p-∂ P-\h - n-`mK-ß-tfm-Sv, {]-tXy-In-®pw I-dp-Ø h¿-§° - m-tcm-Sv, kw-hZ- n-°p-∂X - n-\p≈ `m- j I- s ≠- Ø m- \ m- h m- s X

t_¿-Wn km-t‚-gv-kv {]-Xn-`m-kØn-s‚ ]-S¿-® kv-Xw-`n-®p. F-Ãmªn-jv-sa‚n-s‚ X¬-kz-cq-]-am-b, s]m-Xp-t_m-[-Øn¬ hn-izm-k-°Ωn t\-cn-´ ln-e-cn ¢n‚¨ sUtam-{Im-‰n-Iv ]m¿-´n ÿm-\m¿-∞nbm-bn; tXm-‰p. ]n-∂o-Sp-≈ \m-ev h¿-j-߃ tem-I-Øn-s‚ I¨-ap∂n¬. A-ta-cn-° A-Xn-s‚ e-£W-sam-Ø B-Zy {]-kn-U‚n-\p Io-gn¬ tem-I-Øn-\v ap-∂n¬ Ah-Xo¿-Æa - m-bn.

B \m-ep h¿-j-sØ A-\p-`hw A-ta-cn-°-sb, tem-I-sØ F¥v ]Tn-∏n-®p? H-cp am-sh-dn-°v [\m-Vy≥ F-Ãm-ªn-jv-sa‚ v hn-cp≤-X ap-J-ap-{Z-bm-°n X-s‚-bpw Hcp cm-jv{- S-Øn-s‚-bpw K-Xn-sI-´ amem-J-am-tc-bpw hm¿-Wo-jv sN-bvsXm-Xp-°n-b ]-Wn-t°-Sp-Is - f-bpw sh-fn-®-Øv sIm-≠p-h-∂p. A-{XtØm-fw tem-Iw {Sw-]n-t\m-Sv I-Ss∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. {Sw-]v D-bn¿-s°m-≠X - v H-cp A]-hm-Za - m-b√ - . H-cp cm-jv{- Sw aq-Sn-sh-

®n-cp-∂ P-\n-XI - C-S¿-®I - f - p-sS kXy-k-‘-am-b {]-Im-i-\-am-bm-Wv. c-≠mw ]-co-£W - Ø - n¬ F-Ãm-ªnjv-sa‚ v I-jv-Sn-®v c-£-s∏-´p-sht∂-bp-≈q. X-e\ - m-cn-g hn-Pb - w. {Sw]n-s‚ Im-cy-{]m-]v-Xn-°p-d-hv c-≠c-e-£w a-c-W-am-bn A-ta-cn-°≥ a-\- p-I-fn¬ `o-Xn hn-X-®n-√m-bncp-s∂-¶n¬ {]-kn-U‚ v C-eI - Sv- v F∂v tPm ss_-U-s\ C-t∏mƒ hnti-jn-∏n-°m-\m-hp-am-bn-cp-t∂m? {]- X o- £ n- ° m- \ n- X p- a m- { Xw. sIm-Sn-b km-º-Øn-I A-k-a-XzsØ-°p-dn-®v th-he - m-Xn-bp-≈, LS-\m-]c - a - m-b hw-io-bX - A-ta-cn-°bp-sS P-\-Xn-I kz-`m-h-Øn-epƒt®¿-∂n-cn-°p-∂p F-∂w-Ko-Ic - n-°p∂, ssh-hn-[y-߃-°v {]-Im-i-\w \n-tj-[n-°-cp-sX-∂v iTn-°p-∂ Hcp ]p-Xp-X-e-ap-d sU-tam-{Im-‰n-Iv ]m¿-´n-bp-sS A-I-Ø-f-ß-fn-te-°v {]-th-i-\w B-h-iy-s∏-´v [r-Xn-Iq´p-∂p-≠v. "km≥-tU-gv-kn-Ãp'Ifn¬ H-Xp-ßp-∂-X-√ B h¿-Æ-cmPn. Xn-I-™ hm-jnw-Kv-S¨ C≥ssk-U¿ B-bn-cn-°p-tºm-gpw Ah¿-°v sU-tam-{Im-‰n-Iv ]m¿-´n-bpsS \n-b-{¥-W-Øn-te-°pw A-tacn-°-bp-sS cm-jv-{So-b A-[n-Im-c t{i-Wn-bn-te-°pw I-S∂ - p-Ib - d - m-\p≈ H-cp ]m-e-am-bn-cn-°pw Xm-s\∂ ss_-U-s‚ hm-Kv-Zm-\-ap-≠v. ]g-b hm-jnw-Kv-S¨ F-Ãm-ªn-jvsa‚ v Ãm-‰-kv-tIm-bv-°p-th-≠n C\n-bpw D-]-Pm-]-߃ \-S-Øn-√ F∂ hm-KvZ- m-\w. A-sXm-cp {]-Xo-£bm-Wv. A-ta-cn-°-bp-sS G-I {]-knU‚ v tXm-‰p. A-ta-cn-° hn-P-bn°p-am-bn-cn-°pw.

A-®-Sn-bn-te-°v Xn-cn-®p h-cp-∂p Back to Gutenberg age tIm-hn-Uv aq-ew Hm¨-sse-\n-te-°p am-td-≠n-h∂ ]mT-t`-Zw A-®S- n-bn-te-°p Xn-cn-®p h-cn-Ib - mWv A-Sp-Ø e-°w ap-X¬. Hm¨-sse≥ e-°ß-fn¬ \n-∂v Xn-cs- ™-Sp-°s- ∏-´ am-‰d- p-Iƒ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂ kvs- ]-jy-em-Wv ]mT-t`-ZØ - n-s‚ h¿jm-¥y e-°w. km-[m-c-W e-°-߃ P-\p-h-cn ap-X¬. a-lm-am-cn-bp-sS Cu C-S-th-f-bn¬ H-∏w \n-∂ ]-g-b-Xpw ]p-Xn-b-Xp-am-b F-√m hm-b-\°m¿-°pw \-μn. ]mT-t`-Zw C-{X-b[ - n-Iw I-Æp-Ifn-eq-sS I-S∂ - p-t]m-b Im-ea- p-≠m-bn-´p-an-√t- √m...

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

5

a-fi¬ cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-am-b \o-°n-bn-cn-∏v F¥m-Wv? km-º-Øn-I D-Zm-c-h¬-°-c-W-hpw a-‰pw kr-jv-Sn-s®-Sp°p-∂ km-aq-ly-{]-Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ-°v _-Z¬ A-h-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ afi¬ cm-j{-v So-bØ - n-\v I-gn-bm-Xn-cp-∂s- X-¥p-sIm-≠?v _o-lm¿ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s‚ ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ H-cp cm-jv-{So-b hn-Nm-cw.

km-aq-ly- \o-Xncm-jv-{So-bw A-hk - m-\n-°p-∂p?

A-ar-Xv-em¬

a-

fi¬ I-Ωo-j≥ {]-Jym-]-\Øn-\v aq-∂p ]-Xn-‰m-≠v I-gn-bp-∂ k-μ¿-`-Øn-em-Wv _o-lm-dn¬ Xnc-s™-Sp-∏v \-S-∂-Xv. hn.]n knwKv Iq-´p-a-{¥n-k-`-bm-Wv H-cp ]-Xn‰m-≠v ap-ºv P-\-Xm k¿-°m¿ \nb-an-®, I-Ωo-j-s‚ dn-t∏m¿-´v \-S∏n-em-°m≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-®-Xv. _olm-dpImc\mb tkm-jyen-Ãv t\Xm-hv cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm-\m-Wv IΩo-j-s‚ \-S-]-Sn-{I-a-ßfpw k¿°m¿ \-b-hpw \n-b-aam-°m≥ {]b-X\ v- n-®X - v. Xn-cp-h\ - ¥ - ] - p-cØ - p-Imc≥ sF-FF - k - v D-tZym-Kÿ ≥ ]nF-kv Ir-jW v- \ - m-bn-cp-∂p A-∂v hIp-∏v sk-{I-´-dn. a-fi¬ h-S-t°bn-¥y-bn¬ P-\-߃-°n-S-bn¬ hen-b tN-cn-Xn-cn-hv kr-jv-Sn-°p-Ibpw cm-{„o-b `q-]-S-sØ am-‰n-a-dn°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. a-fi¬ Xp-S°-an-´ ]n-t∂m-° Pm-Xn im-‡oI-c-Ww D-Ø¿-{]-tZ-iv, _o-lm¿ kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-se Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏vcm- j v - { So- b - s Ø A- ∂ p ap- X kzm[o\n®pt]mcp∂p. a-fie - n-\v F-Xn-sc ln-μp-sFIyw F-∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-hp-am-bn _nsP-]n cm-aaμn¿ cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-\v Xp-S-°-an-Sp-I-bpw _m-_v-dn-a-kv-PnZv s]m-fn-°p-∂-Xn-\v A-c-ßpw Bfpw A¿-∞-hpw \¬-Ip-I-bpw sNbvX - p. F-∂n-cn-°n-epw a-fi¬ _nsP-]n-sb-bpw kzm-[o-\n-®p. ln-μp ta¬-Pm-Xn-bp-sS \n-b{- ¥-WØ - n{]-h¿-Øn-®p-t]m-∂ _n-sP-]n ]nt∂m-°P - m-Xn-bn¬ \n-∂p-ap-≈ t\Xm-°-sf t\-Xr-ÿm-\-Øv F-Øn°p-I-bpw A-h¿-°v ap-Jy-a-{¥n-]-

6

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

Z-hn h-sc \¬-Ip-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp ˛ I- e ym¨- k nw- K v , D- a m- ` m- c - X n, inhcmPv knwKv Nulm≥ ap-XG-‰h - p-sam-Sp-hn¬ \-tc-{μ-tam-Un hsc _n-sP-]n-bp-sS a-fi¬-h¬-°c-W-Øn-s‚ {]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-Wv. afi¬-h¬-°c - W - Ø - n-s‚ cm-jv{- Sobw Xn-cn-®-dn-™v A-Xn-s\ B-bp[oIcn-®p-sIm-≠v ln-μp-Xz-cm-jv{- Sobw i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ I-gn-™pF-∂-Xv _n-sP-]n-bp-sS an-Sp-°v. a-fi¬ cm-jv{- So-bw ln-μp- PmXn-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬ cm-jv-{So-bm-[n-Imc-Øn-s‚ P-\m-[n-]X - y-h¬-°c - W - w F-∂v hm-bn-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ _n-sP]n A-Xn-s\ ln-μp-Xz-cm-j{-v So-bØ - ns‚ {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{X N-´-°q-´n-\-IØv Dƒ-s°m-≈n-°m≥ {i-an-®n-´p≠v. F∂m¬ kw-hc - W - h - n-cp-≤ cmjv-{So-bw ˛ km-º-Øn-I kw-h-cW-sa-∂ Bi-bw D-Zm-l-c-Ww ˛ ap-X¬ Po-hn-X-ssi-eo \n-b{- ¥-Ww h-sc-bp-≈ \-S] - S- n-Ifn¬°q-Sn ˛ aX-]-cn-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-s\Xn-sc-bp-≈ \n-b-a-\n¿Ωm-Ww, sh-Pn-t‰-dn-b\n- k - Ø n- s ‚ ln- μ pXzh¬- ° - c - W w Xp- S ßn- b - h D- Z m- l - c - W ߃ ˛ _n-sP-]n k¿°m-cp-Iƒ a-fi¬-cmjv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ hn-πhmw-iw tNm¿-Øn-°-fbp-∂p≠v. bp- ] n- b n- t e- b pw _o-lm-dn-te-bpw cm-jv{So-b-cw-K-Øv a-fi-ens‚ cq-]] - c - n-Wm-aß - ƒ hy-‡-am-Wv. a-fi-en\p-ti-jw a-fi¬ cm-

jv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ am{X-am-Wv _o-lm¿ `-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. B-Zy-sØ ]-Xn-\-©p-h¿-jw emep-{]-km-Zpw `m-cy dm-_v-dn tZ-hnbp-am-sW-¶n¬ ]n-∂o-Sp-≈ ]-Xn-\©p-h¿-j-°m-ew ap-Jy-a-{¥n-bm-bXv \n-Xo-jv Ip-am-dm-Wv. em-ep-hn\pw \n-Xo-jn-\pw ]p-d-ta a-ficm-jv{- So-bØ - n-se {]-[m-\n-bm-b aq∂m-a≥ cmw-hn-em-kv ]m-kzm-\m-Wv. t]m-Ãd - p-If - n-sem-∂pw em-ep-hn-s√¶n-epw em-ep-hn-s‚ {]-Xy-£-a-√mØ km-∂n-[yw Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v {]Nm-cW - Ø - n¬ \n-™p \ - n∂ncp-∂p.Xncs™Sp∏n¬ X\n°v Xncn®Snbp≠mIpsa∂v IcpXnb \n-Xo-jmI-s´ X-s‚ A-h-km-\-sØ Xn-cs™-Sp-∏v B-Wn-sX-∂v {]-Jym-]n®p. Np-cp-°n-∏-d-™m¬ a-fiXm-c-ß-fm-°n-b aq-∂p cm-jv-{So-b°m- c p- s S A- h - k m- \ - s Ø Xn- c -

s™-Sp-∏m-Wv _o-lm-dn¬ A-ctß- d nb- X v ˛ cmw- h n- e m- k v ]mkzm≥ a-cW - s - ∏-´p-sh-¶n-epw a-I≥ Nn-cm-Kv thm-´v tNm-Zn-®-Xv cmw-hnem-kn-s‚ t]-cn-em-W-t√m.

Cu aq-h¿ kw-LØ - n-s‚ ]n≥hm-߬ a-fi¬ cm-jv-{So-b-Øns‚ A-¥yw Ip-dn-°p-tam? C-√, F∂p-X-s∂ ]-d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. _n-sP]n H‰bv°v `-cW - Ø - n-se-Øn-bmIqSn 90 Iƒ-°v ap-ºp-≈ _o-lmdn-te-°v H-cp a-S-°-ap-≠m-In-√. tXP-kzn-bm-I-s´ a-fi¬ D-b¿-Ønb km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cm-jv-{So-b-sØ {]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-ºmƒ t]m-epw A-Xn-\p-]p-d-sa sXm-gn¬ F-s∂mcp hm-Kv-Zm-\w Iq-Sn ap-tºm-´p-sh®ncp∂p. em-ep km-aq-ly-\o-Xn-sb \n¿-Δ-Nn-®-Xn-\-∏p-dw a-fi¬ cm{„o- b - s Ø \n- X o- j v ap- t ºm- ´ p sIm-≠p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. D-]P - m-Xncm-jv-{So-bw ap-t∂m-´p-sh-®v FIvk{v Sow-en _m-°t-v h-Uv (EBC) PmXn-Iƒ F-s∂m-cp Xn-cn-hv ]n-t∂m° kw-hc - W - Ø - n¬ kr-jvS- n-°p-Ibpw X-s‚ ]m¿-´n-bn¬ bm-Z-th-Xc ]n-t∂m-°-Pm-Xn-Iƒ-°v {]m-Xn\n-[yw D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-I-bpw sN-bvXp-sIm-≠m-Wv \n-Xo-jv a-fi¬-cmjv-{So-b-sØ {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Ønb-Xv. F-¶n-epw \n-Xo-jn-s‚ G-‰hpw h-en-b cm-jv-{So-b-hn-π-hw kv{Xo im-‡o-Ic - W - Ø - n-\v \¬-In-b {]m-[m-\y-am-W.v X-t±-ik - z-bw-`c - W ÿm-]\ - ß - f - n¬ kv{- Xo-kw-hc - W - w D-d-∏m-°n-bpw s]¨-Ip-´n-I-fp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-kØ - n-\v {]m-[m-\yw \¬In-bpw kv-{Xo-I-sf \n-Xo-jv X-s‚ H-cp \n-tbm-P-I-a-fi-e-am-°n F∂p ]-db - mw. a-Zy \n-tcm-[\ - h - pw CtX \n-tbm-PI - a - fie-Øn-s‚ B{K-la - m-bn-cp-∂p. {I-ak - a - m-[m-\Ø - n\v \¬-In-b {]m-[m-\y-hpw \n-Xojn-\v kv-{Xo-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬ kzm-[o\-ap-≠m-°n-bn-cp-∂p. s]¨-a° - s - f X-g-™p-sIm-≠v B¨-a-°ƒ-°v {]m-[m-\yw \¬-In-b em-ep-hn-s‚ \-S-]-Sn i-cn-tbm F-∂v H-cp Xn-cs™-Sp-∏v {]-kw-K-Øn¬ \n-Xo-jv tNm-Zn-®X - v h-en-b H-®∏ - m-Sp-≠m-°nbn-cp-∂p. B tNm-Zyw e-£y-an-´Xv kv{- Xo thm-´¿-am-sc-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tem-ly-bp-sS {]-[m-\-s∏-´ cm-jv{So-b A-P≠ - I - f - n¬ kv{- Xo-im-‡oI-c-W-hpw A-h-cp-sS s]m-Xp-cw-KsØ-bpw sXm-gn-en-S-sØ-bpw {]mXn-\n-[yhpw s]-Sp-∂p-≠-t√m. Cu Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬ \n-Xo-jn-s‚ ]°¬ A-ht- i-jn-® A-hk - m-\s - Ø

B-bp-[a - m-bncp∂p kv{- Xo-thm-´v. CØ-h-W-bpw \n-Xo-jn-s‚ I-∏I-c-bv-°-Sp-ØXns‚ {][m\ ImcWw Xncs™Sp∏v tbmKßfnImWmXncp∂ \n»_vZamb Cu kv{Xothm´mbncp∂ncn°Ww. a-fi¬ ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b Z-fn-Xv tkm-jy-en-Ãm-Wv ]m-kzm≥.

X-t‚-Xm-b cm-{„o-b hy-‡n-Xz-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂ A-]q¿-Δw Z-fn-Xv cmjv{- So-b° - m-cn-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp-∂ ]mkzm≥ Aw-t_-ZvI - s - sd-‰v [m-cb - n\n-∂v hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn tem-ly tkm-jy-en-Ãp cm-j{v- So-bØ - n¬ IqSn-bm-Wv h-f¿-∂-Xv. X-s‚ Z-fn-Xv kz-Xz-sØ \n-cm-I-cn-°m-sX Xs∂ tkm-jy-en-Ãv {]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ tZ-io-b t\-Xm-°-fn-sem-cm-fmbn ]m-kzm≥ h-f¿-∂p. `m-hn C¥y≥ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n F-∂v hn-]n knw-Kv t]-sc-Sp-Øv ]-d-™-Xv ]mkzm-s\-°p-dn-®m-Wv. Im≥-jn-dmw Dƒ-s∏-sS ]-e Z-fn-Xv cm-j{v- So-b° - mcpw a-fi-en-s\ kw-i-b-tØm-sS I-≠-t∏mƒ ]m-kzm≥ A-Xn-\p-th≠n \n-e-sIm-≠p. F-∂m¬, afi¬ A-gn-®p-hn-´ sIm-Sp-¶m-‰v IS-]p-g-°n-b h≥-a-c-ß-fn¬ ]m-kzm\pw s]-Spw. ap-em-bw-knw-Kv bm-Zhpw em-ep {]-km-Zpw ]n-t∂m-° Pm-Xn im-‡o-Ic - W - Ø - n-s‚ Kp-Wt`m-‡m-°-fm-b-t∏mƒ ]m-kzm-\v Xm-c-X-tay-\ F-Æ-Øn¬ Ip-d-hmb X-s‚ Pm-Xn-bp-sS t\-Xm-hm-bn Np-cp-tß-≠n h-∂p. km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cm-jv-{So-bw ˛ Aw-t_-Zv-°-dpw s]-cn-bm-dpw temly-bpw D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-® cm-jv-{Sobw ˛ Pm-Xym-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ cm-jv{So-ba - m-bn a-fi¬ Np-cp-°n F-∂p hm-Zn-°mw. FÆØn¬ Ipd™ kapZmbßfn¬ P\n® N-{μ-tiJ-dn-\pw tPm¿-÷v s^¿-Wm-≠k - n-

\pw ]m-kzm-\p-sam-s° X-´-Iw \jv-S-s∏-´ A-h-ÿ-bp-≠m-bn. PmXym-Xo-X-am-b H-cp km-aq-ly-\o-Xncm-jv-{So-bw a-fi¬ A-km-[p-hm°n F-∂ hn-a¿-i-\w D-b¿-∂n-´p≠v. F-Æ-Øn¬ Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈ PmXn-bp-sS ta¬-t°m-bv-am cm-jv-{Sob-am-bn A-Xv ]-e-bn-S-Øpw Np-cpßn F-∂-Xv i-cn-bm-Wv. Z-fn-Xv cmjv-{So-b-Øn-epw C-tX {]-{In-b Ac-tß-dn-bn-´p-≠v. _o-lm-dn¬ ]mkzm- ≥ , Zp- k m- [ p- I - f p- s S (]mkzm≥) Pm-Xn-t\-Xm-hm-bn Np-cpßn-b-Xv \n-Xo-jv a-lm-Z-fn-Xv F-∂ kw-h-c-W Im-‰-K-dn kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂Xv h-gn Iq-Sn-bm-W.v kw-ÿm-\s - Ø 23 Z-fn-Xv Pm-Xn-I-fn¬ F-Æ-ØnIq-Sp-Xe - p-≈ ]m-kzm-s\ H-gn-hm-°n a-s‰-√m-‰n-t\-bpw \n-Xo-jv a-lm-Zfn-Xv K-W-Øn¬-s∏-Sp-Øn. Pn-X≥ dmw am-Qn-sb-t∏m-ep-≈ (ap-kml¿ Pm-Xn) t\-Xm-°ƒ s]m-¥nh-∂X - v A-ßs - \-bm-W.v bp-]n-bn-emI-s´ am-bm-h-Xn C-∂v Pm-Z-hv (Nam¿) Pm-Xn-bp-sS t\-Xm-hm-bn Npcp-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. l-{Xmkn¬ Zm-cp-W-am-bn sIm-√-s∏-´-Xv h¬-ao-In Pm-Xn-bn-se s]¨-Ip-´nbm-Wv. A-hn-sS am-bm-h-Xn-bp-sS km-∂n-[yap≠mImXncp∂Xpw AXn-\p-ti-jw A-h¿ _n-sP-]n-bp-ambn cm-Py-k-`m Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏nssI-tIm¿-°m≥ X-øm-dm-b-Xpw Cu k-μ¿-`-Øn¬ {]k‡amWv. Pm-Xn-sb-∂ t{i-Wo-Ir-X A-[n-Imc-hy-hÿ km-tlm-Zc - y-Øn-t‚-bpw \o-Xn-bp-tS-bpw cm-jv-{So-b-sØ Akm-[y-am-°p-∂-Xv C-ß-t\-bp-amWv. Npcp°Øn¬ afi¬ cmjv{SobsØ ]cmPbs∏SpØm≥ D]tbmKn® Bbp[߃ afi¬ cmjv{SobØn\IØv \n∂p Is≠Sp°s∏´hbmWv.

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

7

a-fi¬ km-[y-am-°n-b D-]P - mXn im-‡o-I-c-W-sØ _n-sP-]nbpw X-{¥-]q¿-Δw ap-X-se-Sp-Øn-´p≠v. ]n-t∂m-° hn-`m-K-ß-fn-se D]-Pm-Xn Xn-cn-hp-If - pw a-’c - h - pw apX-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p X-s∂-bm-Wv bp-]n-bn¬ _nsP]n A-[n-Im-cw ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-ØX - v. k-am-Pvh - m-Zn cm-jv{So-bw bm-Z-h cm-jv-{So-b-am-bpw IpSpw-_ cm-jv-{So-b-am-bpw Np-cp-ßnb-t∏mƒ _n-sP-]n ap-kv-enw hn-cp≤-Xb - n-eq-∂n-b cm-a cm-j{-v So-bs - Ø D-]-tbm-Kn-®v bm-Z-th-X-c ln-μp Pm-Xn-I-fp-am-bn k-Jy-s∏-´p. cm-a cm-jv-{So-b-sØ X-s∂ ]-e Pm-XnIƒ-°pw C-Sw \¬-Ip-∂ X-c-Ønep-≈ H-cp _r-l-Zv ]m-c-º-cy-am-bn kw-L-]-cn-hm¿ F-t∂ am-‰n-°-gn™n-cn-°p-∂p. Pm-Xym-Xo-X-am-b ln-μp-sF-Iyw F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-Xns\m-∏w B cm-j{-v So-bØ - n-s‚ kmwkv-Im-cn-I a-fi-e-Øn¬ ]-e PmXn-I-tf-bpw A-Xm-Xp Pm-Xn-k-aql-ß-fn¬ \n-e-\n-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂ anØp-I-fpw B-Jym-\-ß-fp-sam-s° D-]t- bm-Ks - ∏-Sp-Øn C-gt- N¿-°p-∂p≠v kw-L-]-cn-hm¿. ln-μp-Xz cmjv-{So-bw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I ta-J-ebn¬ \S-Øn-b C-S-s]-S-ep-Iƒ°pw {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃-°pw _-Za-fi¬ cm-jv-{So-bw kr-jv-Sn-°p-Ibp-≠m-bn-√. Aw-t_-Zv-I¿ _p-≤\n¬ Iq-Sn ]p-Xn-sbm-cp ss\-Xn-I hy-h-ÿ-sb-bpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I a-

fi-e-sØ-bpw k-¶¬-∏n-®-Xn-\p Xp-ey-am-sbm-cp {i-aw Z-fn-tX-X-c km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-\v km-[y-am-bn-√, tem-ly C-Xn-s\°p-dn-®v [m-cm-fw F-gp-Xn-bn-´p-s≠¶n¬ t]m-epw. {ZmhnU {]ÿm\Øns‚ kmaqly\oXn cmjv{Sobw afien¬\n∂pw hyXykvXamIp∂Xv AXpsIm≠mWv. s]cnbm¿, Awt_ZvI¿, \mcmbWKpcp, I_o¿, almflm ^qse F∂nhcpsS {]XnaIƒ ÿm]n®pw a‰pw Cu _lpP≥ kmwkv I mcnI _Zens‚ km∂n[yapd∏m°m≥ ambmhXn DØ¿{]tZiv apJya{¥nbmbt∏mƒ {ian®ncp∂p. AXn\pw apºv AÆmZpssc˛IcpWm\n[n F∂nh¿ kam\amb coXnbn¬ Xncph≈phscbpw Xangv kwL kmlnXysØbpw Hs° AWn\ncØn Hcp {ZmhnU _Z¬ kwkvImc cmjv{Sobw cq]s∏SpØnbncp∂p. kwL]cnhmdn\v Xangv\mSv C∂pw _mentIdmaebmbn XpScp∂Xv {ZmhnU {]ÿm\w XpS°an´ {]Xnkmwkv I mcnI cmjv{Sobw ImcWamWv. a- fi ¬ cm- j v - { So- b - Ø n- s ‚ kmw-kv-Im-cn-I \o-°n-bn-cn-∏v Fs¥-∂ tNm-Zyw {]-k-‡-am-hp-∂Xv A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. A-Ø-c-samcp A-t\z-j-W-Øn-s‚ A-`m-hØn¬ km-aq-ly\o-Xn-bp-sS cm-jv-

Xn-cs- ™-Sp-∏v hn-Pb - Ø - n-\∏ - p-dw ]p-tcm-Ka- \- cm-{„obw I-cp-∏n-Sn-∏n-°m-\m-bn-s√-¶n¬ ln-μp-Xz cm-j{-v Sob-Øn-s‚ a-X t_m-[-\-hpw t]-io-h¬-Ir-X tZ-io-bX-bpw sh¬-s^-b-dn-k-hpw km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cm-jv-{Sob-Øn-s‚ ss\-Xn-I-X-sb ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øpw.

8

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

{So-bw {]-tbm-K-Øn¬ ]-g-b kmaq-ly D-ev-]m-Z-\ hy-h-ÿ-I-fp-sS B-h¿-Ø\ - a - m-bn am-dm≥ km-[y-Xbp-≠v. ta¬-Pm-Xn-Iƒ kr-jv-Sn-s®Sp-Ø aq-ey-hy-h-ÿ-bp-sS kzm-`mhn-I-am-b ^-e-am-Wv bp-]n-bn-epw _o- l m- d n- e pw C- ∂ p Im- W p- ∂ sXm-gn-en-√m-bv-a-bpw km-aq-ly Ac-£n-Xm-h-ÿ-bpw. sh-dpw {I-a-kam-[m-\ {]-i\ -v h - pw km-ºØ - n-I {]Xn-k-‘n-bp-am-bm-Wv A-h-sb Npcp-°n hm-bn-°p-∂-Xv. am-dp-∂ H-cp k-aq-l{- I-aØ - n-s‚ kmw-kvI - m-cn-I {]-Xn-k-‘n Iq-Sn-bm-Wv C-∂v C¥y t\-cn-Sp-∂ kw-L¿-jm-h-ÿ.

A-Xn-\p-≈ D-Ø-cw X-s‚ ]-°-eps≠-∂v P-\-ß-tfm-Sv ]-d-™p ^en-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-bp-∂p F-∂X - m-Wv \-tc-{μ-tam-Un-bp-sS hn-Pb - w. kmwkvI - m-cn-I {]-Xn-k‘ - n-°p-≈ D-Øcw ln-μp-Xz cm-jv-{So-b-am-sW-∂v kw-L-]-cn-hm-dpw hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn {]-N-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. km-ºØ - n-I D-Zm-ch - ¬-°c - W - hpw a-‰pw kr-jv-Sn-s®-Sp-°p-∂ kmaq-ly {]-Xn-k-‘n-Iƒ-°v _-ZA-hX - c - n-∏n-°m≥ a-fi¬ cm-j{v- Sob-Øn-\p I-gn-bm-ØX - p-sIm-≠m-Wv A-Xn-s‚ ]n≥-aS- ° - w \-Ωf - n-∂v ImWp-∂-Xv. Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v hn-P-b߃ kmw-kv-Im-cn-I hn-P-b-߃ Iq-Sn-bm-bn am-‰m-\pw Pm-Xn-hy-hÿ-sb {]-Xn-°q-´n¬ \n¿-Øm-\pw k-am-Pv-hm-Zn ]m¿-´n-°pw _n-F-kv]n-°pw em-ep-hn-\pw \n-Xo-jn-\psam-∂pw I-gn-bm-sX t]m-b-Xv AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv. km-aq-ly-\o-Xn-cmjv-{So-bw ]p-Xn-b kmw-kv-Im-cn-I ]-cn-t{]-£y-߃ kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂Xn¬ ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´m¬ ln-μp-Xz-cmjv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ kzm-[o-\w h¿-≤n°p- I X- s ∂ sN- ø pw, K- h ¨sa‚p-Iƒ-°p-]-cn-bm-bn s]m-Xpt_m-[w ln-μp-Xz-cm-jv-{So-b-Øn-\v Io-gvs - ∏-Sp-Ib - pw-sN-øpw. Xn-cs - ™Sp-∏v hn-P-b-ß-sf e-Lq-I-cn-®v ImWp-I-b-√, a-dn-®v A-Xn-\-∏p-dw ]ptcm-K-a-\ cm-jv-{So-bw I-cp-∏n-Sn-∏n°p-∂X - n-s‚ B-hi - y-IX - s - b-°p-dn®v Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°p-I am-{X-am-Wv. A-√m-Ø-]-£w ln-μp-Xz cm-jv-{Sob-Øn-s‚ a-X t_m-[-\-hpw t]io-h¬-Ir-X tZ-io-b-X-bpw sh¬s^-b-dn-k-hpw km-aq-ly-\o-Xn cmjv-{So-b-Øn-s‚ ss\-Xn-I-X-sb ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øpw. _olmdnse F≥UnF hnPbw \¬Ip∂ Hcp ]mTw CXmWv.

th-≠-Xv- \n-ß-fp-sS `-c-W-a-√, P-\-ß-fp-sS kz-bw-`-c-Ww X-

t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fn-te-°v Un-k-º-dn¬ \-S-°p-∂ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v \-ap-°p ap-∂n¬ D-b¿Øp-∂-Xv P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fp-sS tkz-Om-`-c-W-tam P-\-ß-fp-sS kz-bw-`-c-W-tam F-∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\ {]-iv-\-am-Wv. ho-≠pw thm-´v tX-Sn-sb-Øp-∂-h¿ hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-øp-∂-Xv A-h-c-h-cp-tS-Xm-b kz¥w `m-j-I-fn¬ cm-{„o-b ]m¿-´n-I-fpw D-tZym-K-ÿ-cpw tIm-¨{Sm-Iv-‰¿-am-cpw tN¿-∂ A-tX ]-Xn-hv `-cWw X-s∂. am-kv-Ipw tkm∏p]Xbpw km-\n-ss‰-k-dp-am-Wv ]p-Xp-Xm-bp-≈-Xv. hn-tI-{μo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂ A-[n-Imc-hpw B-kq-{X-W-hpw hm-N-I-a-Sn am-{Xw. kz-bw-`-c-W-sa-∂-Xv C-Øn-cn D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xzw Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. A-Xv t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°-W-sa-¶n¬ ap-∂n-eWn-\n-c-°p-∂ Im-gv-N-t°m-a-c-ß-fn¬ \n-s∂m-∂p sX-c-s™-Sp-Øm¬ a-Xn-bm-hn-√. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬ ]u-c∑m¿ sh-dpw Im-Wn-I-f-√, I-f-Øn-en-d-ßn I-fn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. I-fn-bp-sS \n-b-a-߃ \n-›-bn-t°-≠-Xv s{]m^-j-W¬ cm-„o-b-°m-cpw hn-Z-Kv[-cp-a-√, A-ß-s\-bm-Wv P-\m-[n-]-Xyw hn-`m-h-\ sN-ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ÿm-\m¿-Yn-Iƒ t\¿-°p-t\¿ h-∂v thm-´v A-`y¿-Yn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xpw A-h-sc \-ap-°v i-cn-°pw A-dn-bmsa-∂-Xp-am-Wv {]m-tZ-in-I sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s‚ k-hn-ti-j-X. \-ap-°v A-dn-™p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xv ÿm-\m¿-∞n-°p ]n-d-In-ep-≈ cm-{„o-b t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-s‚ D-t±-iy e-£y-ß-fm-Wv. A-h¿ `m-hn-bn¬ \-S-∏m-°m≥ t]m-Ip-∂ hnI-k-\ {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ F-¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v, B hn-I-k-\ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ cq-]o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \-tΩm-Sv thm-´v A-`y¿-Yn-°p-∂ ÿm-\m¿-Yn-°v F-s¥-¶n-epw ]-¶v D-≠m-Ip-tam-sb-∂v ]-d-bm-\m-In-√. Im-c-Ww \-Ωp-sS cm{„o-b ]m¿-´n-I-fp-sS kw-L-S-\m kw-hn-[m-\w A-{X-ta¬ tI-{μo-Ir-X-am-Wv. P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W-sa-∂ B-tem-N-\ P-\-ß-fp-sS ap-∂n-e-h-X-cn-∏n-®v Aw-Ko-Im-cw t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-∂ L´w (lm, F-¥v ]m-´pw Iq-Øpw Xp-≈-ep-am-bn-cp-∂-t√?) ]n-∂n-´-t∏mƒ hn-Z-Kv-[ k-an-Xn-Iƒ {Km-a-k-`-Iƒ apt∂m-´p-sh-® ]-≤-Xn-I-sf ap-dn-®pw X-d-®pw kv-t‰-‰v t]m-fn-kn-°-\p-Iq-e-am-°p-∂-Xm-Wv I-≠-Xv. an-°-hm-dpw s]≥-j≥ ]-‰n-b k¿-°m-dp-tZym-K-ÿ-cm-bn-cp-∂p C-Ø-cw I-Ωn-‰n-I-fn¬ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. A-h¿ ]Tn-®-tX ]m-Sn-bp-≈q. A-ß-s\ {Km-a-k-`-I-fn-eq-sS P-\-ß-fn-ep-≠m-bn h-∂ D-’m-l-߃ X-√n sI-Sp-Ø-s∏-´p. ]n∂o-Sv {Km-a-k-`-I-fn¬ h-cp-∂-Xv k¿-°m¿ {]-Jym-]n-°p-∂ ku-P-\y-߃ In-´m≥ am-{X-am-bn.

X-ß-fp-sS {]-tZ-i-Øv F-¥p \-S-°-Ww, F-¥p \-S-°-cp-Xv F-∂v Xo-cp-am-\n-°m≥ X-t±-io-b¿-°p-≈ A[n-Im-c-am-Wv hn-tI-{μo-Ir-X P-\m-[n-]-Xyw. {Km-a-k-`-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv P-\-߃ A-Xp tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. ]¶m-fn-Ø P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sa-∂, kz-bw-`-c-W-sa-∂ k-ao-]-\-Øn-em-Wv A-Xn-s‚ th-cp-Iƒ sN-∂p \n¬-°p-∂Xv. A-[n-Im-cw F-∂-Xn-\v B-[p-\n-I cm-{„ hy-h-ÿ-bn¬ c-≠v X-e-ß-fp-≠v. cm-{„o-bm-[n-Im-c-hpw km-ºØn-Im-[n-Im-c-hpw. cm-{„o-bm-[n-Im-c P-\m-[n-]-Xy-h-Xv-I-c-W-hpw km-º-Øn-I P-\m-[n-]-Xy-h-Xv-I-c-W-hpw F∂v A-Xn-s\ hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. C-Xn¬ G-sX-¶n-epw H-∂p am-{X-am-bn \n-e-\n¬-°n-√. s]-cp-am-´n ]-©m-b-Øpw sIm-°-t°m-f-bpw X-Ωn-ep-≠m-b kw-L¿-jw C-Xn-\v {]-Xy-£ D-Zm-l-c-W-amWv. kw-ÿm-\-Øn-\-I-Øv tIm-f-°-º-\n-Iƒ Xp-S-ßm≥ A-\p-a-Xn \¬-In-b-Xv P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-Ww ap-t∂m´p-sh-® k¿-°m¿ X-s∂-bm-Wv. kv-t‰-‰v \¬-In-b A-\p-a-Xn-bpw ]n-¥p-W-bp-am-bn h-cp-∂, kv-t‰-‰n-t\-°mƒ h-en-b km-º-Øn-I i-‡n-bpw kzm-[o-\-hp-ap-≈ B-tKm-f tIm¿-∏-td-‰v `o-a-s\ ssI-Im-cyw sN-øm≥ H-cp {Km-a ]-©m-b-Øn-\v F-{X-tØm-fw I-gn-bpw? km-[m-c-W P-\-߃ \n-e-hn-ep-≈ hn-I-k-\ ]-cn-t{]-£yw kz-ta-[-bm kzo-I-cn-°p-∂n-s√-∂-Xn-\v sX-fnhm-Wv tIm-´-t©-cn ap-X¬ hn-gn-™w h-sc kw-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-S-\o-fw \-S-°p-∂ P-\-Io-b k-a-c-߃. F≥-F ]n Fw s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ H-tŒm-_¿ 31 \v \-S-∂ \n-»-–-cm-°m≥ t\m-°-≠, -We shall Speak k-a-cirw-Je-bn-se ]-¶m-fn-Øw Cu A-kw-Xr-]v-Xn sh-fn-hm-°p-∂p. F-∂m¬ C-Ø-cw A-kw-Xr-]v-Xn-Iƒ H-cp cm-{„o-b _-Z-en-s‚ A-s√-¶n¬ \n-e-hn-ep-≈ cm-{„o-b I-£n-I-fp-sS a-t\m-`m-h-ß-sf Xn-cp-Øm≥ k-Ω¿-±-am-hp-∂ cq]-Øn¬ G-tIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ hn-P-bn-°p-∂n-√. P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sØ F-{X-tØm-fw I-£n-cm-{„o-b kw-hn-[m\w Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v F-∂-Xn-s‚ a-Ip-tSm-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wn-Xv. P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n k-`-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv P-\m-[n-]-Xyw {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂-sX-∂ hm-Z-Øn-s‚ Zu¿-_-eyw Nq-≠n°m-´m≥ πm-®n-a-S-bpw A-Xn-c-∏n-≈n-bpw t\m-°mw. sX-cp-hp-I-fn¬ D-b¿-∂ph-∂ P-\-tcm-j-am-Wv c-≠n-S-Øpw X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-sf-bpw, kw-ÿm-\ k¿-°m-dn-t\-bpw am-dn Nn-¥n-°m≥ \n¿-_-‘n-X-am-°nb-Xv. πm-®n-a-S-bn¬ {Km-a ]-©m-b-Øn-\v t\-cn-´v k-a-c-Øn¬ I-£n-bm-tI-≠n h-∂p. kw-ÿm-\ \n-b-a-k-`-°v G-I-I-WvT-am-bn, I-º-\n-bn¬ \n-∂pw \-„-]-cn-lm-cw Cu-Sm-°m≥ H-cp {Sn-_yq-W¬ cq-]o-I-cn-°-W-sa-∂ Xocp-am-\w ssI-s°m-t≈-≠n-bpw h-∂p. Xo¿-®-bm-bpw C-Xv sX-cp-hp-I-fp-sS k-a-c-ho-cyw sIm≠mWv. sX-c-s™-Sp-∏n-epw {]-Xn-^-en-t°-≠-Xv Cu k-a-c-ho-cy-am-Wv. X-ß-fp-sS ÿm-\m¿-Yn-I-sf I-s≠-Øm\pw sX-c-s™-Sp-°m-\p-ap-≈ A-h-Im-iw cm-{„o-b ]m¿-´n-I-fp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \n-∂v {]m-tZ-in-I P-\-߃ ho-s≠-Sp-°-Ww. ]m¿-´n-Iƒ hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-øp-∂ `-c-W-tØ-°mƒ X-߃-°v D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ap-≈ kz-bw-`-cWw sX-c-s™-Sp-°m-\p-≈ ss[-cyw P-\-߃ kw-`-cn-°-Ww. ]mTt`-Z-Øn-s‚ Cu e-°-w Cu Zn-i-bn¬ Nn-e B-tem-N-\-I-fm-Wv ap-t∂m-´p-sh-°p-∂-Xv. ap≥ X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W a-{¥n Ip-´n A-l-Ω-Zv Ip-´n-tbm-sSm-∏w tUm.]n.]n._me≥, F-kv ]n c-hn, hn sI {io-[-c≥, hn B¿ h-N-\, bp A-Pn-Xv, sF-k-Iv B≥-d-Wn F-∂n-hcpw F-gp-Xp-∂ I-h¿ kv-t‰m-dnbn¬ \-S-∂p t]m-hm\p-≈ H-cp tdm-Un-\p th-≠n B-d-c ]-Xn-‰m-≠m-bn k-a-cw sN-øp-∂ BZn-hm-kn-I-tf-bpw A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p...

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

9

A-[n-Im-c- hn-tI-{μo-I-c-W-Øn-s‚, hn-tI-{μo-I-c-Wm-kq-{X-W-Øn-s‚-bpw Im¬-\q-‰m-≠:v ap≥ X-t±-ik - z-bw-`c- W - h-Ip-∏p-a{- ¥n Xn-cn-™p-t\m-°p∂p.

ASnÿm\ tIcfw apt∂mt´m ]nt∂mt´m?

Ip-´n A-l-Ω-ZvIp-´n

a-lm-fl-Pn-bp-sS kz-]v-\-am-bn-cp∂-t√m C-¥y-bn¬ kz-bw-]c - ym-]X v A-[n-Im-c hn-tI-{μo-Ir-X-am-b {Kma-߃ D-≠m-hp-I F-∂-Xv. kzm-X{¥y-Øn-\p ap≥-]p-Xs - ∂ A-[n-Imc hn-tI-{μo-I-c-W-sØ Ip-dn-®pw Xm-tg-Ø-´n-se A-[n-Im-c L-S-Iß-sf-°p-dn-®pw Nn-¥n-°p-I-bpw A-Xn-\m-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°p-I-bpw

10

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p. `-c-W-Øn-s‚ A-Snÿm-\ L-SI - a - m-bn Xm-tg-Ø´- n-se ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ am-d-W-sa-∂m-bncp-∂p A-∂-sØ B-tem-N-\. F∂m¬ Nm-Xp¿-h¿-Wyw \n-e-\n¬°p-∂ {Km-a-ß-fn¬ ]-©m-b-ØpI-fp-sS k¿-]-©p-Iƒ B-bn hcm≥ km-[y-X Db¿-∂ Pm-Xn-bns]-´ k-º-∂-cm-b k-h¿-W¿ Bbn-cn-°pw F-∂-Xn-\m¬ `-c-W-Øns‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\ L-S-I-am-bn ]©m-b-Øp-I-sf \n-›-bn-°p-∂-Xv A-h¿-W hn-`m-K-߃-°v tZm-j-Ic-am-bn-cn-°pw F-∂ hn-tbm-Pn-∏v Aw-t_-Zv-I-sd t]m-ep-≈-h¿ D-b¿Øn. A-`n-{]m-b k-a-\z-bw F-∂ \n-e-°v hn-t√-PvX-e-Øn¬ kz-bw`-cW - L-SI - a - m-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°m≥ B-h-iy-am-b A-[n-Im-c-hpw B-[nIm-cn-I-X-bpw D-≈- ]-©m-b-ØpIƒ tÃ-‰v K-h¨-sa‚n-\v cq-]o-Icn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv F-∂ A-\p-t—Zw \n¿-t±-i X-Xz-ß-fn¬ Dƒ-s∏Sp-Øn. A-X-\p-k-cn-®v B-Zy -Ime-L´- ß - f - n¬ C-¥y-bn¬ F-√m-bnS-Øpw ]-©m-b-Øp-I-fpw ap-\n-kn∏m-en-‰n-I-fpw cq-]w sIm-≈m≥-XpS-ßn. A-hs - °m-∂pw th-≠{- X A[n-Im-c-hpw ^-≠pw e-`n-°m-Ø-Xn\m¬ A-[n-IIm-ew i-‡-am-b \ne-bn¬ ap-t∂m-´p t]m-Im≥ I-gn™n-√. F-∂m¬ tI-c-f-Øn¬ \ne-hn¬ h-∂ ap-\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-I-fpw ]-©m-b-Øp-I-fpw i-‡-am-b ASn-Ø-d D-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. tI-c-f kw-ÿm-\w cq-]w-sIm≈p-∂-Xn-\p ap≥-]p-X-s∂ a-e-_mdn-epw Xn-cp-sIm-®n-bn-epw ]-©m-bØp-Iƒ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. a-e-_mdn¬ kv-Iqƒ ÿm-]n-°m-\pw N¥-Iƒ \-S-Øm-\pw H-t´-sd a-‰-[n-

Im-cß - f - pw D-≈ Un-k{v- Sn-Œv t_m¿Uv \n-e-hn¬ h-∂p. Un-kv-{Sn-Œv t_m¿-Uv sN-b¿-am≥ F-∂ \n-e°v ]n.-Sn. `m-kv-I-c ]-Wn-°-cp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \-S∂ - hn-Ik - \ - {]h¿-Ø\ - ß - ƒ {i-t≤-ba - m-bn-cp-∂p. a-e-_m-dn¬ \n-e-hn¬ D-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ-°v \ym-b ]©m-b-Øv, {Km-ao-W tIm-S-Xn-Iƒ \-SØ - m-\p-≈ A-[n-Im-ch - pw D-≠mbn-cp-∂p.

1979¬ ]-©m-b-Øn¬ Rm≥ ssh-kv {]-kn-U‚m-bn sX-c-s™Sp-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ ]-©m-b-Øv Hm^o-kn¬ h-en-sbm-cp km-£n-°qSv D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A-∂s - Ø ]-©mb-Øv {]-kn-U‚ v {]-Jym-]n-® hn[n-bp-sS ]-I¿-∏v C-t∏m-gpw F-s‚ ssI-h-i-ap-≠v. {Km-ao-W-\m-b HcmfpsS tI-kn¬ ]-d-™ hn-[n\ym-bw hm-bn-°m≥ Iu-Xp-Iw \nd-™-Xm-bn-cp-∂p F-∂p-tam¿-°p∂p. F-s‚ ]n-Xm-a-l≥ \n¿-an-®p sIm-Sp-Ø H-cp kvI - qƒ sI-´n-SØ - n\v hm-S-I Iq-´n\¬-Im≥ I-gn-bn-√ F-∂v a-dp-]-Sn Xm-eq-°v t_m¿-Uv {]-kn-U‚n-t‚-Xm-bn Im-Wm≥ Ign-™p. Xm-eq-°v t_m¿-Uv F-∂ H-cp kw-hn-[m-\-hpw \n-e-hn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p F-∂-Xv ]p-Xn-b H-cp A-dn-hm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu X-c-Øn-ep≈ ÿm-]-\-ß-sf Ip-dn-®v A-[nIm-c hn-tI-{μo-I-c-W-ß-fp-sS N-cn{X ]p-kv-X-I-ß-fn¬ {]-Xn-]m-Zn-®p Im-Wp-∂n-√. ssa-kq-cn-se H-cp ÿm-]\ - Ø - n¬ C-tX-]‰ - n-bp-≈ hnh-c-߃ H-s°-bp-s≠-∂v ap≥ No^v sk-{I-´-dn hn-P-bm-\-μv ]-d-bpI-bp-≠m-bn. A-[n-Im-c hn-tI-{μoI-c-W-Øn-s‚ tI-c-f-Øn-se ]-gb A-\p-`-h-ß-fpw N-cn-{X-hpw hn-

kv-ar-Xn-bn-te-°v t]m-hp-I-bm-Wv. B-[n-Im-cn-Ia - m-bn C-h ti-Jc - n-°phm-\p-≈ H-cp {i-ah - pw \-S° - p-∂n√.

X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\ß-fp-sS {]-h¿-Ø\ - Ø - n-\v Du¿-÷kz-e-X e-`n-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv 1982 ap-X-em-Wv. ap≥ {]-[m-\-a-{¥n cm-Po-hv Km-‘n A-[n-Im-cw P-\߃-°v F-∂ B-i-b-hp-am-bn 64, 65 `-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn-°v apt∂m-´p-h-∂p. ]n-∂o-Sv X-t±-i kzbw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-߃-°v `-c-W L-S\ - m ]n≥-_e - w e-`n-°p-∂X - v 73, 74 `-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn-sb XpS¿-∂m-Wv. 1994¬ tI-c-f-Ønap≥-kn-∏¬˛]-©m-b-Øv B-ŒpIƒ \n-e-hn¬ h-∂p. a-s‰m-cp kwÿm-\-Øpw C-√m-Ø hn-[-Øn`-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn ]-´n-I-bn]-d-™ 29 C-\-ß-fn-epw D-≈ A[n-Im-c-ß-fpw Np-a-X-e-I-fpw X-t±i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-߃-°v ssI-am-dn. Xp-S¿-∂v tI-c-f-ØnA-[n-Im-cØ - n¬ h-∂ C-SX - p-]£ K-h¨-sa‚ v P-\I - o-bm-kq-{X-W ]cn-]m-Sn-°v Xp-S-°w Ip-dn-®p.

F-∂m¬ P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W {]-{In-b-bn¬ A-[n-Im-c hn-tI-{μoI-cW - Ø - n-\v F-Xn-tc-bp-≈ L-SI - ß-fpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]-©m-bØ - pIƒ-°v {]-hr-Øn-If - p-sS `-cW - m-\pa-Xn-Iƒ \¬-Im-\p-≈ Xp-I-bp-sS ]-cn-[n h-f-sc Ip-d-hm-bn-cp-∂p. Ph-l¿ tdm-kv-K¿ tbm-P-\-bn¬ `c-Wm-\p-aX - n \¬-Im-\p-≈ A-[n-Imcw ]-≤X - n-bn¬ e-`n-°p-∂ ap-gp-h≥ Xp-I-°pw, A-sX-{X X-s∂ B-bmepw `-c-Wm-\p-a-Xn \¬-Im-\p-≈ A-[n-Im-cw ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ-°v \¬-In. A-tX-Øp-S¿-∂v A-∂s - Ø K-h¨-sa‚ v ]-©m-bØ - n-\v `-cW - m\p-a-Xn \¬-Im-\p-≈ Xp-I-bv-°v ]cn-[n \n-›-bn-®n-√. P-\-Io-b Bkq- { X- W ]- c n- ] m- S n Xp- S - ß n- b t∏mƒ `-cW - m-\p-aX - n \¬-Im-\p-≈ A-[n-Im-cw Un-kv{- Sn-Œv πm-\nw-Kv IΩn-‰n-°v B-bn-cp-∂p. kz-¥w h-cpam-\w D-]-tbm-Kn-®v X-øm-dm-°p-∂ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ-°v t]m-epw `-c-Wm-\pa-Xn \¬-Im-\p-≈ A-[n-Im-cw Xt±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-߃°v C-√m-sX t]m-bn. s{]m-P-Œp-Ifp-sS `-c-Wm-\p-a-Xn-°v Pn-√m X-eØn-epw tªm-°v X-e-Øn-epw kan-Xn-Iƒ D-≠m-°n. C-tX-t]m-se km-t¶-Xn-I A-\p-a-Xn \¬-Ip-∂Xn-\pw k-an-Xn-Iƒ D-≠m-°n. CsX-√mw ]-t£ I-£ncm-jv-{So-bØm¬ ssl-Pm-°v sN-ø-s∏-´p.

P-\-Io-b B-kq{X-W ]-cn-]m-Sn ]n-∂oSp h-∂ K-h¨-sa‚pIƒ Xp-S-cp-I-bm-Wv D≠m-b-Xv. C-t∏mƒ 25 h¿-j-߃ I-gn-™p.

Cu Im-e-b-f-hn¬ Xt±- i kz- b - w - ` - c - W ÿm- ] - \ - ß - ƒ X- ß fn¬ A¿-∏n-X-am-b DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ß-ƒ H-cp ]-cn-[n-hs - c Im-cy-£a - am-bn \n¿-Δl - n-®n-´p-≠.v X-t±-i ÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS {]-h¿-Ø-\w A-Snÿm-\ ku-Ic - y-ßf - psS (tdm-Up-Iƒ, sNdp-In-S ip-≤-P-e hn-Xc-W ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ) hnIm-kw D-≠-m-bn-´p-≠v. `-h-\-c-ln-X-cm-b ]m-h߃-°v H-t´-sd ho-SpIƒ \n¿-Ωn-®p \¬-In. kvI - q-fp-Iƒ-°v ¢mkv ap-dn-Iƒ, B-kv-]{Xn- I ƒ- ° v sI- ´ n- S ku-I-cy-ßfpw h¿-[n∏n-®p. a-cp-∂p-Iƒ e-`yam-°n. ]p-Xn-b H-t´-sd {]-iw-kn-°-s∏-tS-≠ -s{]m-P-ŒpIƒ \-S-∏-n-em-°n. ]m-en-tb-‰o-hv sI-b¿ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ Im-cy-£a-ambm-Wv \-S-∏n-em-°p-∂-Xv. C-sX√mw ]-n∂n-´ Im-e-b-f-hn-se X-t±i kz-b-w-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-s-S {]-h¿-Ø-\ t\-´-ß-fm-Wv. {]-fb - a - p-≠m- b - t- ∏m-gpw, tIm-hnvUv hym-]n-®-t∏m-gpw Izm-d‚-bn≥ ku-I-cy-߃ G¿-s∏-Sp-Øm-\pw B-h-iy-am-b a-cp-∂p-Iƒ B-ip-]{-Xn-Iƒ-°v \¬-I-p-h-m-\pw X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-ƒ kv-XpXy¿-la - m-b ]-¶p- h-ln-®n-´p-≠v.- AXn-\v A-h¿-s°m-cp ^-≠pw \¬In-bn-√ F-∂-Xv tJ-Z-I-c-am-b Imcy-am-Wv. tIm-´-ß-fm-bn Nq-≠n-°m-Wn°m-\p-≈X - v ]-´n- I - P - m-Xn, ]-´n-I h¿§, a-’y-sXm-gn-em-fn hn-`m-K-߃°v Im-cy-am-b {]-tbm-P-\-sam-∂pw e-`n-®n-√ F-∂X - m-Wv. k-¶p-Nn- X - a - mb I-£ncm-j{-v So-bw ]-et- ∏ - m-gpw hnI-k-\ {]-h-¿-Ø-\-߃-°v X-S- am-bn \n¬°pIbpw sNøp∂p.

B-kq-{-X-W-w \-S-Øm≥ `-c-WLS-\-bp-sS 243(U-ªyq) (F-˛1) A\p-t—-Zw ]-d-bp-∂-Xv km-º-Øn-I hn-I-k-\-Øn-\pw km-aq-ly \o-Xn°pw th-≠n-bp-≈ B-kq-{X-Ww

tIm-´-ß-fm-bn Nq-≠n°m-Wn-°m-\p-≈-Xv ]´n-I-Pm-Xn, ]-´n-I h¿-§, a-’y-sXm-gn-em-fn hn-`mK-߃-°v Im-cy-am-b {]-tbm-P\- s- am-∂pw e-`n®n-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv. k-¶pN-nX - a- m-b I-£n-cm-j{-v Sobw ]-et- ∏ - m-gpw hn-Ik - \ {]-h-¿-Ø-\-߃-°v X-S- -am-bn \n¬-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. \-S-Øp-I F-∂-Xm-Wv. F-∂m-{]m-tZ-in-I km-º-Øn-I hn-I-k\w e-£y-am-°n \-Ω-p-sS πm-\nwKv \-S-∂n-√. X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS {]-h-¿-Ø-\w hnhn-[ k¿-°m¿ h-Ip-∏p-I-fp-sS {]h¿-Ø-\-hp-a-m-bn C-t∏m-gpw kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xv Im-c-Ww ^-≠-p-Iƒ hn-`-Pn-X-am-bn-t∏m-hp-Ibm-Wv. D¬-]m-Z-\ ta-J-e-bn¬ hf¿-®-b-p-≠m-°m≥ I-gn-™n-´n-√. hm¿-Uv A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ hn-I-k-

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

11

\ ^-≠v ho-Xn-°-s∏-Sp-t-ºmƒ Xt±-i kz-b-w-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fpsS sam-Ø-Øn-ep-≈- hn-I-k-\w km-[y-am-Im-sX h-cp-∂p. hn-tI-{μo-Ir-X B-kq-{X-Ww ^-e{- ] - Z- a - m-IW - s - a-¶n¬ X-t±-i kzbw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-߃-°-v Iq-SpX¬ A-[n-Im-c-hpw ^-≠pw e-`n°-Ww. \n¿-`m-Ky-I-c-sa-∂p ]-d-bs´, [-\-Im-cy I-Ωo-j-s‚ {Km‚ v Ip-d® - m¬ X-t±-i ÿm-]\ - ß - ƒ - ° - v In-´p-∂-Xv i-cm-i-cn ]-Xn-t-\-gv i-Xa - m-\w am-{X-am-W.v I-gn-™ k¿-°mdn-s‚ Im-e-Ø-v ]-X-n-\m-emw [-\Im-cy I-Ωo-j-s‚ hn-l-n-Xw Ip-d®m-epw k¿-°m¿ hn-ln-Xw 23 iX-am-\w \¬-I-n-bn-cp-∂p. J-P-\m-hv Im-en-bm-bX - v aq-ew {S-jd - n-bn¬ IpSn-»n-I-bm-bn \n¬-°p-∂ Xp-I(Iyq _n-√v) A-Sp-Ø h¿-j-sØ ]-≤-Xn- hn-ln-X-Ø-n¬ \n-∂v Ip-d°p-I-bm-Wv sN-øp-∂-Xv. Iyq _n√n-s‚ t]-cn¬ ]-≤-Xn hn-ln-Xw Ip-d-°p-∂-Xv \m-ev h¿-j-sØ XpS¿-°-Y-bm-Wv. \m-e-v h¿-jw X-t±i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-߃-°ve-`n-°m-sX t]m-b-Xv 346.18 tImSn cq-]-b-m-Wv. X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\ß-fp-sS A-[-n-Im-c-ß-fpw I-h¿-s∂-Sp-°-s∏-´p. a-Zy-jm-∏p-Iƒ-°-v sse-k≥-kv \¬-Ip- ∂ - X - n-\p-≈ A[n-Im-cw C-√-Xm-°n. hy-h-km-b ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS (Fw.F-kv.Fw) sse-k≥-kv \¬-Ip- ∂ - A-[n-Im-cw F-Sp-Øp-I-f-™p. hm¿-Up-I-fn\n-∂p-Xs - ∂ P-\ß - ƒ - ° - v tk-h\ - w e-`n-°p-∂ tk-hm-{Kmw tk-h-\ tI-{μw \n¿-Ø-em-°n. A-b¬-k`-IƒIq-Sn Xm-sg- \n-∂pw ap-I-fnte-°v F-∂ X-Xzw sh-®p-≈ I-

`-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn hn-`m-h-\w sN-øp-∂ tem-°¬ Kh¨-sa‚pI-fm-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°m-\p-XI - p-∂ A-[n-Im-ch- pw B-[n-Im-cn-IX - b - pap-≈ ÿm-]-\-ß-fm-Wv X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-߃. {]mtZ-in-I K-h¨-sa‚p-I-fm-bn amdm≥ X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]\-߃ - ° - v B-hi - y-am-b A-[n-Imc- ß - f pw Np- a - X - e - I - f pw \¬Im≥ tI-{μ-˛-kw-ÿm-\ K-h¨sa‚p-Iƒ X-øm-dm-I-Ww. Ωyq-Wn-‰n πm≥ \n¿-Øe - m-°n. ^nj-do-kv tk-h-\w \¬-I-p-∂-Xn-\p≈- a-’y-k`- t- bm-Sv A-\p-`m- h - w ImWn-®n-√. X-t±-i kz-bw-`c - W - ÿm]-\ß - f - n-se sa-º¿-am¿-°v ]-cn-ioe-\w \¬-Ip-∂ In-e-b-p-sS \n-ehm-cw A-tº X-I¿-∂n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\ß-fp-sS D-tZym-K-ÿ kw-hn-[m-\am-b \m-ev an-j-\p-I-ƒ cq-]-o-I-cn°-s∏-´p. A-h¿-s°-√mw kw-ÿm\X-e I¨-skƒ-´‚ v, Pn-√mX-e I¨-skƒ-s-´-‚ v F-∂o t]-cp-Ifn¬ Ip-td B-fp-I-sf Xn-cp-In-°b-‰n. C-Xv A-[n-Im-c hn-tI-{μo-Ic- W - Ø n- s ‚ A- S n- ÿ m- \ X- X z߃-°- v F-Xn-cm-Wv. A-[n- I - m-c hn-tI-{μ - o-Ic - W - Ø - ns-‚ Im-cy-Ø-n-epw hn-tI-{-μo-Ir-X B-kq-{-X-W-Ø-n-s‚ Im-c-y-Øn-epw tI-c-f-Øn-se X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-ƒ a-‰p kw-ÿm-\-ßsf A-t]-£n-®v _-lp-Zq-cw ap-∂n-

em-Wv. ]-t-£ \mw a-‰p kw-ÿm\-ß-tfm-S-√ a-’-cn-t°-≠-Xv. \Ωp-sS X-s∂ C-∂-se-I-tfm-Sm-Wv. \-Ω-p-sS C-∂-se-I-fp-am-bn \mw C∂-sØ A-h-ÿ Xm-c-X-ay-s∏-SpØ-p-t-ºmƒ ]n-t∂m-´v t]m-hp-I-bmsW-∂v hn-kv-a-cn-°-cp-Xv. `-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn hn-`mh-\w sN-øp-∂ tem-°¬ Kh¨sa‚p-If - m-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°m-\p-XI - p∂ A-[n-Im-c-hpw B-[n-Im-cn-I-Xbp-ap-≈ ÿm-]-\-ß-fm-Wv X-t±-i kz-bw-`c - W - ÿm-]\ - ß - ƒ. {]m-tZin-I K-h¨-sa‚p-I-fm-bn am-dm≥ X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-߃-°v B-h-iy-am-b A-[n-Im-c-ßfpw Np-a-X-e-I-fpw \¬-Im≥ tI{μ-˛-kw-ÿm-\ K-h¨-sa‚p-Iƒ X-øm-dm-I-Ww. F-¶n-te km-[m-cW P-\-߃-°-v k¿-°m-dn¬ \n∂pw In-´p-∂- tk-h-\-hpw km-[-\ß-fpw B-\p-Iq-ey-ßf - pw th-KØ - nepw X-S - w Iq-Sm-sX-bpw e-`n- ° - q.

as‰mcp ]mT-a-√

]mT-t`Zw ]mTt`Zw A¬ Aao≥ _n¬UnwKv Nn¥mhf∏v, tImgn-t°mSv˛4 8086205415, 9446464948 patabhedam@gmail.com

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]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

hcnkwJy: 200 cq] XpI KqKnƒt]bmbpw Ab°mw: 8086205415 _m¶v Hm^v alm-cmjv{S tImgn-t°mSv {_m©v Ac. No.20165712159 (MAHB0000408) (XpI A°u-≠n-e-S® hnhcw FkvFw-Ftkm sabvtem hgn {]tXyIw Adn-bn-°-Ww)

ta-b-sd t\-cn-´v sX-c-s™-Sp-Øm-tem? sF-k-Iv B‚-Wn

e-

≠≥, \yq-tbm¿-°v,]m-cn-kv, tSm-°n-tbm, dn-tbm, jm-Mv-lm-bv,_yq-W-kv A-tb-gv-kv... C¥y-bn¬ X-s∂ I¬-°-Ø, lu-d, apw-ss_, \m-K-∏q¿... Cu \-K-c-ß-fp-sS-sb-√mw t]tcm¿-°p-tºmƒ A-hn-S-ß-fn-se ta-b¿-am-tc-bpw \m-tam¿-°p-∂p. C-hn-S-ß-fn-se-√m-ap-≈-Xv ]u-c-∑m-cn¬ \n-∂v t\-cn-´v sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´ ta-b¿-am-cm-Wv. t\-Xm-Pn kp-`m-jv N-{μt_m-kv A-ß-s\ H-cn-°¬ ]-g-b I-¬°-Ø-bn-se sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´ ta-b-dm-bn-cp-∂n´p≠v. ta-b¿-am-sc/X-t±-i kz-bw `-c-Wm-[y-£-∑m-sc t\-cn-´v sX-c-s™-Sp°p-I F-∂ B-i-bw ]-co-£n-°m≥ {i-an-®n-´p-≈ kw-ÿm-\-ß-fpw \ap-°p-≠v: a-[y-{]-tZ-iv, D-Ø-c {]-tZ-iv, cm-P-ÿm≥, X-an-gv-\m-Sv, ln-amN¬ {]-tZ-iv, D-Ø¿-J-fiv, Pm¿-J-fiv, O-Øo-kv-L-´v.... 2016¬ i-in X-cq¿ ta-b¿-am-sc t\-cn-´v sX-c-sØ-Sp-°-W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂ H-cp kzIm-cy _n¬ ]m¿-e-sa‚n¬ A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-I t]m-ep-ap-≠m-bn. \-K-c-k`m-[y-£-∑m-sc t\-cn-´v sX-c-s™-Sp-°-W-sa-∂ B-h-iy-sØ cm-lpKm-‘n ]n-¥m-ßp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. F-∂n-´pw, tIm¿-∏-td-j≥/-ap-\n-kn∏m-en-‰n/]-©m-b-Øp-I-fn-te-°v sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v \-S-°m-\n-cn-s° \-ΩpsS \m-´n-epw Cu B-i-bw N¿-®-°m-bn D-b¿-∂p h-tc-≠-Xp-≠v.

1992 ¬ 74 Bw `-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn-tbm-sS-bm-W-t√m X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS im-‡o-I-c-Ww, A-[n-Im-c hn-tI-{μo-I-cW-Øn-s‚ ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \mw Ku-c-h-am-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv. c-≠mw A-Uv-an-\n-kv-t{S-‰n-hv dn-t^mwkv I-Ωo-j≥ B {i-a-sØ ap-t∂m-´p sIm-≠p-t]m-Im≥ {i-an-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. F-∂n-´pw ]-©m-b-Øv {]-kn-U-≠v/ap-\n-kn-∏¬ sN-b¿-am≥/tIm¿-∏-td-j≥ ta-b¿ ÿm-\-߃ Ct∏m-gpw hy-‡n-Xz-ap-≈, Xo-cp-am-\-ß-sf-Sp-°m-\pw \-S-∏m-°m-\pw kzm-[n-Im-c-ap-≈ H-∂m-bn am-dn-bn-´n-√. `-cn-°p-∂ cm-„o-b I-£n-bp-sS, `q-cn-]-£w h-cp-∂ Iu¨-kn-e¿-am-cp-sS, B-Xy¥n-I-am-bn F-Iv-kn-Iyp-´n-hv Hm-^o-k-dp-sS (sk-{I-´-dn/I-Ωo-j-W¿ )A-Sn-sbm-∏v Im-Øp InS-°-Ww \-Ωp-sS X-t±-i kz-bw `-c-Wm-[y-£-∑m¿. k-l-{]-h¿-Ø-I-cm-b Iu¨-kn-e¿-amtcm-Spw ap-I-fn-ep-≈ ]m¿´n-tbm-Spa-√m-sX B-cp-am-bpw hn-\n-a-bw \-S-Øm≥ A-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏Sp-∂n-√-h¿. H-cp \-K-c-sØ H-cp-an-®v I-≠v \-K-c ]n-Xm-sh-∂ \n-e-bn¬ A-Sp-Ø A-©p h¿j-tØ-s°-¶n-epw B-kq-{X-W-Øn-s‚ _v-fp{]n‚ v X-bm-dm-°m≥ tI-h-e F-Iv-kn-Iyp-´n-hv A-[n-Im-cw t]m-ep-an-√m-Ø A-[y-£-\m-hn-√-t√m. sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´, F-Iv-kn-Iyp-´n-hv A-[n-Im-c-ap-≈ ta-b¿-°v \-K-cm-kq-{X-W-hpw hnI-k-\-hpw k-a-{K-am-bn I-≠v \-K-c-k-`-°-I-Øpw ]p-d-Øp-ap-≈ cm-„o-b-I-£n-I-fn¬/P-\Io-b kw-L-ß-fn¬ s]-´-h-tc-bpw kn-hn¬ k-aq-l-Øn-se {i-≤n-°-s∏-tS-≠ hy-‡n-I-sfbpw G-tIm-]n-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-bpw. A-ß-s\ I-gn-bp-∂-Xp sIm-≠m-Wv 2001 se `o-I-cm-{I-a-WØn-\p ti-j-ap-≈ \yq-tbm¿-°v ta-b-sd, H-fn-ºn-Iv-kn-\p th-≠n \-K-c-sØ H-cp-°n-b tSm°n-tbm ta-b-sd, \-K-c-sØ kv-am¿-sS-Ãv kn-‰n-bm-°n-b _m¿-kn-tem-W ta-b-sd, B-Zy-sØ dm-]n-Uv {Sm≥-kv-t]m¿-Sv kn-Ãw hn-`m-h-\ sN-bv Ip-cp-Sn-_ ({_-ko¬) ta-b-sd-sb-√mw temIw Hm¿-°p-∂-Xv. H-cp \-K-cw A-Xn-s‚ ta-b-dp-sS `-c-W \n-]p-W-X-sIm-≠pw A-t±-lw G-tIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂ P-\-Io-ssb-Iy hn-th-Iw sIm-≠pw A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv H-∂m-tem-Nn-®p t\m-°p. I-£n-cm-{„ob t\-XrXzØn-s‚, Ãm‚n-Mv I-Ωn-‰n-I-fp-sS k-Ω¿-±-Øn-\p ap-I-fn-ep-≈ _yq-tdm-{Im-‰n-Iv kp-{Ko-hm⁄-°v h-g-ßn\n¬-°p-∂ H-cp ]m-h-Øm-\n¬ \n-s∂-t∏m-gm-Wv \-Ωp-sS X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W t\-Xr-Xzw tam-Nn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I? F-t∏m-gm-Wv \-ap-°v \-Ωp-sS kz-¥w ta-b-sd t\cn´v D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Ø-tØm-sS sX-c-s™-Sp-°m-\m-hp-I?

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

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P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W-Øn-s‚ P-\n-X-Iw hn.sI.{io-[-c≥

X-t±-io-b kz-bw-`-c-W-Øn-s‚ ]-cn-Wm-a-Øn¬ G-sd {]-Xo-£ A¿-∏n-®-h-cm-Wv tI-c-fo-b¿. hn-izmkw ]-d-∂-I-ep-tºmƒ {Km-a-k-` tI-h-ew t\m-°p-Ip-Øn-bm-hp-I-tbm? Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn c-≠p-X-h-W {Km-a-k-` hn-fn-®p-tN¿-Øn-s√-¶n¬ I¨-ho-\-dm-b hm¿-Uv-sa-º¿-°v A-tbm-Ky-X F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p ap≥]p-≈ \n-b-aw. H-cn-°¬ Nn-e ]-©m-b-Øp-I-fn¬ C-Ø-c-Øn-sem-cp {]-iv-\w D-b¿-∂p-h-∂p. A-t∏mƒ Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn aq-∂p-X-h-W F-∂v t`-Z-K-Xn sN-bv-X-Xv ap≥-Im-e {]m-_-ey-tØm-sS. tI-c-f ]-©m-bØv cm-Pv \n-b-a-Øn-se sk-Iv-j≥ 234 {]-Im-cw a-Zy-im-e-°v sse-k≥-kv A-\p-h-Zn-°m-\p-≈ A-[nIm-cw ]-©m-b-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Nn-e ]-©m-b-Øp-Im¿ _m¿ sse-k≥-kv A\p-hZ- n-t°-≠X - n-s√-∂v Xo-cp-am-\n-®t- ∏mƒ A-Xn-\p-≈ A-[n-Im-cw kw-ÿm-\ k¿°m-cn¬ \n-£n-]v-X-am-°n. 2004 se ssP-h-ssh-hn-[y \n-b-a-{]-Im-cw ]-©m-bØn¬ cq-]o-I-cn-°-s∏-´ _-tbm-ssU-th-gv-kn-‰n am-t\-Pv-sa‚ v I-Ωn-‰n \n-jv-{]-`w.

A-kw-Jyw am-Xr-I-Iƒ kr-jv-Sn-® Kp-W-t`m-‡r-k-an-Xn-Iƒ X-cw-Xm-gp-I-bm-Wv ˛ ]-e-t∏m-gpw I-cm-dp-Im-c≥/ C-S-\n-e-°m-c≥ F-∂ \n-e-bn¬. a-‰p h-Ip-∏p-I-fpsS-bpw k¿-°m-cn-s‚-bpw `m-K-Øv I-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xv F-¥pw G-Xpw {Km-a-]-©m-bØp-I-sf G¬-∏n-®v I-søm-gn-bp-∂ G¿-∏m-Sv. ^-e-tam, {i-≤ tI-{μo-I-cn-°m-\mIm-sX, hn-`-h-ti-jn-bp-sS A-]-cym-]v-X-X-bpw k-a-b-°p-d-hp-aq-e-hpw ]-e-Xpw Im´n-°q-´-em-Ip-∂p. a-‰p c-≠p X-e-ß-fpw h-Ip-∏p-I-fpw k¿-°m-cpw D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz߃ \n-bm-a-I-am-bn ]-¶n-Sp-I am-{X-am-Wv ]-cn-lm-cw. hm¿-Uv/{Km-a-k-`-Iƒ ]u-c-k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ km-∂n-[y-˛-k-l-I-c-W-˛-kw-hm-Zß-fm¬ k-º-∂-hpw k-Po-h-hp-am-tI-≠-Xp-≠v. P-\-]-¶m-fn-Øw D-d-∏m-°m-\p-≈ ]-cn-jv-Im-c-ß-fpw X-{¥-ß-fpw sa-\-b-Ww. ]-©m-b-Øv \n-b-aw sk-Iv-j≥ aq-∂v {]-Im-cw A-h-Im-i-ß-fpw Np-a-X-e-I-fpw \n-d-th-‰m≥ thm-´¿-am¿ ap-t∂m-´p-h-c-s´. th-Ww hn-`-h-ß-fp-sS ta-ep-≈ A-[n-Im-cw {Km-a-k-`-°v. A-gn-a-Xn-bpw Im-e-hn-fw_-hpw a-dn-I-S-°m≥ D-≠m-tI-≠-Xv G-Imw-K Hmw-_p-Uv-kv-am-s‚ hn-]p-eo-I-c-W-hpw H-∂n-\p-]-I-cw an\n-aw aq-∂v ta-J-em-X-e A-∏-te-‰v {Sn-_yq-W-ep-I-fpw. ap≥-K-W-\m-{I-aw ]m-en-°-s∏-Sm-\p-≈ {^-≠v Hm-^o-kp-Iƒ {^-≠v-en Hm-^o-kp-I-fm-h-s´. I-gn-™ `-c-W-k-an-Xn-I-fp-sS Im-e-Øv cq-]-I-ev-]-\ sNbv-X, ssh-Ip-t∂-c-ß-fn-epw {]-h¿-Øn-t°-≠ hm¿-Uv {Km-a-tI-{μ-߃ (tk-hm-{Kmw) Xp-S-c-s´. ]-c-kv]-cw A-Xn-cp-Iƒ D-√w-Ln-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ D-d-∏m-t°-≠-Xv {Xn-X-e ]-©m-b-Øp-I-fp-sS {]-hr-Øn-]-chpw [-\-]-c-hpw `-c-W-]-c-hp-am-b kz-bw-`-c-Ww. sN-dn-b Pn-√-I-fpw h-en-b ]-©m-b-Øp-I-fp-ap-≈ tIc-f-Øn¬ am-[y-an-I-X-e-am-b tªm-°v ]-©m-b-Øn-\v {]-k-‡n-bn-s√-∂v hn-Z-Kv-≤¿. kw-ÿm-\-߃-°v C-°m-cyw Xo-cp-am-\n-°m≥ `-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn A-\n-hm-cyw. H-gn-®p-Iq-Sm-\m-hm-Ø-Xv i-‡-hpw ^e-{]-Z-hpw k-ºq¿-Æ-hp-am-b am-en-\y-kw-kv-I-c-Ww. {Km-a-]-©m-b-Øn-s‚ Io-gn-em-I-s´ G-‰-hpw Xmsg-Ø-´n-ep-≈ hn-t√-Pv Hm-^o-kv. ]n-cn-s®-Sp-°p-∂ \n-Ip-Xn-bn¬ Xm-sg-Ø-´n-se hn-ln-Xw F-Sp-Ø-Xn\v-ti-jw am-{Xw kw-ÿm-\-˛-tI-{μ k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ-°v \¬-In-bm¬ a-Xn-sb-∂Xm-Wv i-cn. A-s√-¶nIo-gvL-S-I-߃ ta-e-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ-°v ap≥-]n¬ ssI-\o-´n \n-ev-t°-≠n-h-cpw. D-Zm: Pn.F-kv.Sn. C-\n th-≠-Xv ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c I-W-°p-I-fp-sS am-bn-I {]-` sNm-cn-™v I-Æv a-™-fn-∏n-°p-∂ t\-´ß-fp-sS ]-´n-I-b-√. ]-I-cw BImiw ho-Sm-°n, sX-cp-thm-c-ß-fn¬ \n-{Z-bn-e-a-cp-∂ \n-kz-s‚ \n-e-hnfn tI´psIm≠p≈ ]-cn-lm-c \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ. ]-c-tZ-in aq-ey-߃-°v ]n-d-tI ]m-™v, kz-¥-am-b-sX-√mw \-jv-S-am-Ip-∂ a-e-bm-fn-bp-sS ]m-∏-c-Øw am-tem-I-c-dn-tb-≠. {]-Xym-i-bpw {]-hr-Øn-bpw tbm-Pn-∏n-®psIm-≠v, km-am-\y-P-\-X-bv-°v sXm-´-dn-bm-hp-∂ X-c-Øn¬, Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Kp-W-I-c-am-b am-‰-߃ D≠m-°p-∂-Xm-h-s´ ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ. th-K-X-tb-dn-b-Xpw kp-ÿn-c-hpw F-√m-tc-bpw Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂-Xp-am-b h-f¿-® F-∂ {Xn-Xzw ]q-h-Wn-bm≥. C-Xn-\m-bn cq-]-s∏-tS-≠-Xv k-a-{K-X-bpw k-a-hm-b-hpw k-l-h¿Øn-Xz-hpw k-tΩ-fn-X-am-Ip-∂ k-a-X-e-߃. CXmWv P\Iobmkq{XWØns‚ P\nXIw.

14

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\mSns‚bpw s]mXpkaqlØnt‚bpw \ne\nev]pw t£ahpw Dd∏phcptØ≠ `cWØns‚ £aX hyXykvXambncn°Ww. F∂m¬ Xt±i kzbw`cWØn¬ kw`hn°p∂sX¥mWv?

Xm-sg-Ø´n-se-¶n-epw th-Ww hy-Xy-kv-X-am-sbm-cp `-c-W-£-a-X F-kv ]n c-hn

`-c-W-\n¿-Δ-l-Ww (Governance) kw-_-‘n-®v ]-e \n¿-Δ-N-\-ß-fp≠v. s]m-Xp-hn-jb - ß - f - n¬ \-bß - fpw \n-ba - ß - f - pw \-S] - S- n-{I-aß - f - pw cq-]s - ∏-Sp-Øp-∂X - pw A-Xn-\\ - p-krX-am-bn hn-hn-[ k¿-°m¿ kw-hn[m-\ß - ƒ {]-hr-Øn-Iƒ sN-øp-∂Xpw `-c-W-\n¿-Δ-l-Ww F-∂v kmam-\y-am-bn hym-Jym-\n-°mw. P-\{]-Xn-\n-[n-If - pw `-cW - I - q-Sß - f - pw DtZym-K-ÿ-hr-μ-ß-fp-am-Wv Cu kw-hn-[m-\Ø - n-se Hu-]N - m-cn-I- {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ. `-cW - k - w-hn-[m-\Ø - ns‚ £-a-X kw-_-‘n-®v hy-Xy-kvX-am-b Im-gv-N-∏m-Sp-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. ""Cu-kv Hm-^v Uq-bn-Mv _n-kn-\ v'' D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-∂ `-c-W- kwhn-[m-\-am-tWm G-‰-hpw Im-cy-£a-am-b-Xv? \m-Sn-s‚-bpw s]m-Xp-kaq- l - Ø n- s ‚- b pw \n- e - \ n¬- ∏ pw t£-ah - pw D-d∏ - p-hc - p-tØ-≠ `-cW - Øn-s‚ £-a-X hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn-cn°pw. s]m-Xp-ka - q-lØ - n-s‚ ]-£Øv \n-∂p-sIm-≠v `-c-W-\n¿-Δ-lW-Øn-s‚ £-a-X-bpw \n-e-hm-chpw I-W-°m-°p-∂-Xn¬ C-\n ]d-bp-∂ L-SI - ß - ƒ \n¿-Æm-bI - a - mWv. `-c-W -kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-se Hu-]N - m-cn-I {- ]-Xn-\n-[n-If - pw s]mXp-k-aq-l-hpw X-Ωnep-≈ _-‘hpw `- c - W - Ø n- s e P- \ - ] - ¶ m- f nØhpw Xo-cp-am-\ß - f - n-epw {]-hr-ØnI-fn-ep-ap-≈ km-aq-ln-I- \o-Xn-bpw ]m-cn-ÿn-Xn-I- hn-th-I-hpw h-kv-Xp-X-I-fp-sS-bpw im-kv-

{X-Øn-s‚-bpw ]n≥-_-ew kp-Xm-cy-X-bpw £-a-X-bpw {]m-Xn-\n-[y P-\m-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ hy-Xy-kv-X- cq-]-ß-fm-W-t√m an-° cm-Py-ß-fn-epw \n-e-\n¬-°p∂-Xv. ]-e cm-Py-ß-fpw \n-b-a-]-cam-bn-Ø-s∂ `-c-W- \n¿-Δ-l-WØn¬ ]-cn-an-X-am-sb-¶n-epw D-≈ P-\-]-¶m-fn-Øw hn-`m-h-\w sN-øp∂p-. kzo-U≥ t]m-se-bp-≈ Nn-e cm-Py-ß-fn¬ h¿-≤-n-X-am-b A-fhn¬-X-s∂ P-\-]-¶m-fn-Øw D-d-∏ph-cp-Øp-∂p-≠v. C-¥y≥ `-c-W-LS-\ X-øm-dm-°p-∂ th-f-bn¬ `-cW-Øn¬ t\-cn-´p-≈ P-\-]-¶m-fnØw Im-cy-am-bn hn-`m-h-\w sN-bvXn-´p-s≠-∂v I-cp-Xm-\m-In-√. P-\{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fpw D-tZym-K-ÿ-hr-μhpw X-߃ H-cp-°p-∂ N-´-°q-SpIƒ-°p-≈n¬ \m-Sn-s‚-bpw P-\ß - fp-sS-bpw t£-a-Øn-\pw ]p-tcm-KXn-°pw th-≠n B-flm¿-∞-am-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°pw F-∂v A-h¿ {]-Xo£n-®n-cn-°mw.

1992-˛¬ ]-©m-b-Øn-cm-Pv B-

IvS- v \n-eh - n¬ h-∂t- Xm-sS-bm-Wv P\-߃-°v Hu-]-Nm-cn-I-am-bn-Øs∂ `-cW - - \n¿-Δl - W - Ø - n¬ ]-¶mfn-Øw hy-h-ÿ sN-øp-∂-Xv. {]mtZ-in-I- k¿-°m-cp-I-fp-sS ]-e- Xocp-am-\ß - ƒ-°pw \n-ba - ] - c - a - m-bn-Øs∂ {Km-a-k-`-I-fp-sS Aw-Ko-Im-cw th-W-sa-∂ hy-h-ÿ h-∂p. tI-cf-Øn¬ H-cp ]-Sn Iq-Sn I-S-∂v {]mtZ-in-I -k¿-°m-cp-I-fp-sS ]-≤-Xncq-]o-I-c-W-L-´w ap-X¬ X-s∂ P\-]-¶m-fn-Øw sIm-≠p-h-cm-\m-bn P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-Ww 1996-˛¬ \n-ehn¬-h-∂p. 2006-˛-se h-\m-h-Im-i\n-b-aw B-Zn-hm-kn P-\-hn-`m-K߃-°v k-hn-ti-j A-[n-Im-c-ßfpw Np-a-X-e-I-fpw hy-h-ÿ sNøp-∂p-≠v. {]m-tZ-in-I- k¿-°m-cpI-fp-sS ]-e {]-hr-Øn-I-fpw C-∂v P-\I - o-bk - a - n-Xn-Iƒ-°v G-s‰-Sp-Øv \-S-Øm-hp-∂ hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ D-≠v. {]-Ir-Xn-hn-`h - ß - f - p-am-bn _-‘s - ∏´ ]-e {]-hr-Øn-I-fn-epw-˛ P-e-tkN-\w, Ip-Sn-sh-≈ -hn-X-c-Ww, h-\]-cn-]m-e-\w, \o¿-Ø-S-hn-I-k-\w

\hw_¿ 2020

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Xp-S-ßn-b-h-˛-P-\-Io-b-k-an-Xn-Iƒ°v ]-¶m-fn-I-fm-Im≥ A-h-k-c-ap≠v. Nn-e \-b-ß-fpw \n-b-a-ß-fpw X-øm-dm-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≥-]v P-\-ßfp-sS A-`n-{]m-bß - f - pw \n¿-t±-iß - fpw tIƒ-°-Ww F-∂v hy-h-ÿ sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v. 2005-˛-se hn-h-cm-hIm-i-\n-b-aw `-c-W-hp-am-bn _-‘s∏-´ hn-h-c-߃ P-\-߃-°v e`y-am-Im≥ A-h-k-c-sam-cp-°p-∂p.

F-gp-Xs - ∏-´n-cn-°p-∂ hy-hÿ I-fn¬ Nn-e X-e-ß-fn-se-¶n-epw \√ P-\-]-¶m-fn-Øw ]-d-bp-∂p-s≠¶n-epw {]m-tbm-Kn-I-X-e-Øn¬ AXv h-f-sc ]-cn-an-X-am-Wv. {Km-a-k-`Iƒ an-°-t∏m-gpw {]-l-k-\-am-Ip∂p-s≠-¶n¬ A-Xn-s‚ D-Ø-c-hmZn-Øw cm-jv-{So-b ]m¿-´n-Iƒ-°pw P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ-°p-sam-∏w s]mXp-ka - q-lØ - n-\p- Iq-Sn-bp-≈X - m-Wv. P-\-Io-b-k-an-Xn-I-fp-sS t]-cntIm¨-{Sm-IS-v ¿-am¿ \n¿-Ωm-W{- ]-hrØn-Iƒ G-s‰-Sp-°p-∂-Xv A-km[m-c-W-a-√. A-Xv kzm-`m-hn-I-amsW-∂ P-\-ß-fp-sS a-t\m-`m-h-amWv C-hn-sS Iq-Sp-X¬ Ku-c-h-am-bn ]-cn-tim-[n-°s - ∏-tS-≠X - v, Xn-cp-Øs∏-tS-≠X - pw. P-\] - ¶ - m-fn-Øt- ØmsS h-f-sc hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn \-S-°p∂ {]-Ir-Xn-hn-`-h -]-cn-]m-e-\-]-≤Xn-I-fp-sS \n-c-h-[n am-Xr-I-Iƒ \ap-°v ap-∂n-ep-≠v. F-∂m¬ C-hsb-√mw am-Xr-I-Iƒ am-{X-am-bn \n¬-°p-I-bm-Wv. A-h-bp-sS hym]-\w F-hn-sS-sbm-s°-tbm t_m[-]q¿-Δw X-s∂ X-Sb - s - ∏-Sp-∂p-sh∂-Xm-Wv A-\p-`-hw. \-b, \n-b-a \n¿-Ωm-W-Øn¬ P-\m-`n-{]m-bw tX-tS-≠ hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ D-≈-XnB-flm¿-∞-am-bn Cu A-`n-{]m-bß-fpw \n¿-t±-i-ß-fpw hn-e-bn-cpØ-s∏-Sp-∂X - v A-]q¿-Δa - m-Wv. takq-Nn-∏n-®-h-bn-se-√mw, \-b-˛-\n-ba- cq-]o-I-c-W-am-bm-epw `-c-W-]-cam-b Xo-cp-am-\a - m-bm-epw {]-hr-Ønbm-bm-epw, P-\] - ¶ - m-fn-Øw \-√ coXn-bn¬ D-≈ C-S-ß-fn¬ A-h-bpsS £-a-X-bpw Kp-W-\n-e-hm-c-hpw D-b¿-∂-Xm-sW-∂m-Wv A-\p-`-h߃ sX-fn-bn-°p-∂-Xv. tI-c-fØn¬ {]m-tZ-in-I- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ°v ssI-am-dn-°n-´p-I-bpw P-\-]-¶mfn-Ø-tØm-sS ]-cn-]m-en-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂ hn-Zym-`ym-k ÿ - m-]\ - ß - fp-sS-bpw B-Xp-cm-e-b-ß-fp-sS-bpsa-√mw {]-h¿-Ø-\w sa-®-s∏-Sp∂p≠v.

2008-˛-se tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ P-e\-b- cq-]o-I-c-W-Øn¬ s]m-Xp-k-

16

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

aq-l-Øn¬ P-e-ta-J-e-bp-am-bn _‘-s∏-´v {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂h - c - p-am-bn hn-]p-e-am-b N¿-®-Iƒ \-S-Øn-bncp-∂p. 2008-˛-se X-s∂ s\¬-hb¬, X-Æo¿-Ø-S kw-c-£-W-\nb-aw X-øm-dm-°n-b-Xv hn-hn-[ Pn-√I-fn¬ \-S-Øn-b s]m-Xp-sX-fnshSp∏p-I-fp-sS Iq-Sn A-Sn-ÿm-\Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. \-b, \n-b-a \n¿Ωm-Wß - f - n-se P-\] - ¶ - m-fn-ØØ - n\v \-√ am-Xr-I-I-fn-√. C-h c-≠ns‚-bpw D-≈-S-°w ]p-tcm-K-a-\-]c-am-bn hn-e-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-´n-cp-∂p. ]q¿-Æ-am-bpw \-h-en-_-d¬ km-ºØn-I \-b-߃ ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂ tI{μ-`c - W - Ø - n¬ km-[m-cW - - P-\ß - fp-sS i-_v-Z-Øn-\v ÿm-\-ap-≠m°p-I A-km-[y-am-Wv. \n-b-aw A\p-im-kn-°p-∂-Xv sIm-≠p-am-{Xw s]m-Xp-P-\-ß-fp-sS A-`n-{]m-bw tX-tS-≠n-h-cp-∂ th-f-bn¬ P-\-]£m-`n-{]m-bß - ƒ A-hK - W - n-°s - ∏Sp-I-bm-Wv. I-c-Sv EIA hn-⁄m-]-\tØm-Sp-≈ A-`q-X-]q¿-Δ-am-b FXn¿-∏n-t\m-Sp-≈ A-[n-Ir-Xc - p-sS {]Xn-Ic - W - ß - ƒ C-Xn-\v sX-fn-hm-Wv. G-‰-hpw Ip-d-®v P-\-ß-sf {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv {Km-a-]©m-b-Øp-I-fn-se-bpw ap-\n-kn-∏men-‰n-I-fn-se-bpw hm¿-Uv-sa-º¿/ Iu¨-kn-e¿-am¿. tI-cf - Ø - n-se-¶nepw C-h¿-°v P-\-ß-fp-am-bn \-√ _-‘-am-Wp-≈-Xv. F-∂m¬ ]-et∏m-gpw P-\-߃ Cu Aw-K-ßfp-sS km-aq-ln-I, km-º-Øn-I Ah-ÿ-bv-°-\p-k-cn-®v am-‰-߃ ImWp-∂p-≠v.

D-tZym-K-ÿ- kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fpsS {]-h¿-Ø-\-co-Xn-Iƒ an-°-hmdpw s]m-Xp-k-aq-l-Øn-\v C-∂pw A-⁄m-X-am-Wv. P-\-ß-fp-am-bn \n-c-¥-c k-º¿-°-ap-≈ Hm-^o-kpI-fn¬, C-h an-°-hm-dpw G-‰-hpw Xm-sg X-´n-ep-≈-h-bm-Wv, D-tZym-K-

ÿ-cpw P-\-ß-fpw X-Ωn¬ H-cp ]cn-[n h-sc-sb-¶n-epw B-tcm-Ky-Ic-am-b _-‘w Im-Wm-\m-Ipw. F∂m¬ a - ‰ - p ]-eb - n-Sß - f - n-epw D-tZymK-ÿ¿ P-\-߃-°v A-{X {]m-]yc-√. A-[n-Im-c-t{i-Wn-bn¬ D-b¿∂ X-e-ß-fn-te-°v t]m-Ip-t¥mdpw Cu A- I - e w h¿- ≤ n- ° p- I bmWv. k¿-°m¿, A¿-≤-k¿-°m¿ hIp-∏p-I-fn-se-bpw ÿm-]-\-ß-fnse-bpw D-tZym-K-ÿ¿ public servants F-∂ \n¿-ΔN - \ - Ø - n-em-Wv hcp-∂-Xv. ]-t£ C-Xn-\p I-S-I-hncp-≤-am-b kw-kv-Im-c-am-Wv ]-e-bnS-Øpw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv. `-c-Ww P-\-߃-°v th-≠n-bm-Wv F-∂v ]q¿-Æa - m-bn Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂ F-{X ÿm-]\ - ß - f - p-≠m-Ipw? G-‰h - pw {][m-\w k¿-°m¿ \-S] - S- n-{I-aß - s - f√mw s]m-Xp-P\ - ß - ƒ F-√m-bvt- ∏mgpw k¿-°m-cn-s\ ]-‰n-°m≥ {i-an°pw F-∂ k-¶-ev-]-Øn¬ A-[njvTn-X-am-sW-∂-Xm-Wv. C-Xv G-‰hpw A-]-lm-ky-am-Wv. (km-[m-cW P-\ß - s - f am-{X-am-Wv C-ßs - \ kw-i-b-tØm-sS Im-Wp-I. hm-WnPy, hy- h - k m- b - ÿ m- ] - \ - ß - f pw tIm¿-∏-td-‰v ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sa-√mw ]-d-bp-∂ Im-cy-߃ D-Ø-a-hn-izmk-Øn-se-Sp-°-Ww F-∂m-Wv ]-e \n-b-a-ß-fpw ]-d-bp-I). tI-c-f-Øn¬ H-cp ]-cn-[n-h-sc km-aq-ln-I-t£-aw D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øphm≥ I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. an-{i-k-º-Zvhy-h-ÿ-bn¬ \n-∂pw cm-Pyw 1991˛-\p-ti-jw \-he - n-_d- ¬ km-ºØ - nI-{I-aØ - n-te-°v ]q¿-Æa - m-bn am-dnb-Xn-\v ti-jw ]-t£ km-aq-lnI- t£-aØ - n-epw A-Xn-e[ - n-Ia - m-bn km-aq-ln-I-\o-Xn-bn-epw cm-Pyw ]nt∂m-´p-t]m-hp-Ib - m-Wv. tIm¿-∏t- d‰p-Iƒ-°v A-\p-Iq-e-am-bn h-en-b tXm-Xn¬ km-º-Øn-I -tI-{μo-I-

c-Ww \-S-∂-tXm-sS D-≈-h-cpw C√m-Ø-h-cpw X-Ωn-ep-≈ A-¥-cw A-\p-Zn-\w h¿-≤n-°p-I-bm-Wv. kº-Øn-s‚ knw-l-`m-K-hpw hn-c-ense-Æm-hp-∂ ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS \nb-{¥-WØ - n-em-Ip-∂ cm-Py-Øv kmaq-ln-I\ - o-Xn-bpw k-aX - z-hpw {]-Xo£n-°m-\m-In-√ X-s∂. Pm-Xo-bhpw enw-K-]-c-hp-am-b D-®-\o-N-Xzß-fpw ]-e-bn-S-Øpw Xp-S-cp-I-bmWv. `-c-W-X-e-Øn¬ ssI-s°m≈p-∂ Xo-cp-am-\-ß-fpw \-S-]-Sn-Ifpw Cu A-k-a-Xz-ß-fpw hn-th-N\-ß-fpw A-h-km-\n-∏n-°m≥ Bflm¿-∞-am-bn {i-an-°p-∂-Xm-bnt∏m-epw \-ap-°v B-tcm-]n-°m-\mIn-√. ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-kw-c-£-Ww k¿°m-cn-s‚ A-P-≠-bn¬ h-cp-∂-Xv 1972 ap-X-em-Wv. 1970-˛-I-fn-epw 80˛I-fn-epw cm-Py-Øv i-‡-am-b ]mcn-ÿn-Xn-I- \n-b-a-߃ \n-e-hn¬h-∂p. \n¿-`m-Ky-h-im¬ 1980-˛-se h-\-kw-c-£-W- \n-b-aw H-gn-sI-bp≈-h-sb-√mw ]m-en-°p-∂-Xn-e-√, A-h-ew-_n-°p-∂-Xn-epw A-h-bpsS hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ h-f-™ h-gn-Ifn-eq-sS a-dn-IS- ° - p-∂X - n-ep-am-Wv \Ωƒ {]m-ho-Wyw sX-fn-bn-®X - v. Imem-h-ÿm-hy-Xn-bm-\-hpw {]-Ir-Xnhn-`h - t- im-jW - h - pw a-en-\o-Ic - W - hpw Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ ]m-cn-ÿn-XnI- sh-√p-hn-fn-Iƒ \-Ωp-sS \n-e\n¬-∏n-s\ tNm-Zyw sN-øp-∂-hn-[Øn¬ h-f-cp-I-bm-Wv. ]-t£ Chn-sS ""Cu-kv Hm-^v Uq-bn-Mv _nkn-\ - n''\p-th-≠n ]m-cn-ÿn-Xn-I\n-ba - ß - ƒ Zp¿-∫e - s - ∏-Sp-Øp-Ib - mWv. `-c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-\v ]m-cnÿn-Xn-I- hn-th-Iw Xo-sc-bn-√ F∂p-]-d-bm-Xn-cn-°m-\m-In-√. `-cW - I - q-Sß - f - p-sS Xo-cp-am-\ß - sf G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ kzm-[o-\n°p-∂-Xv I-£n-cm-jv-{So-b -Xm-ev-]cy-ß-fm-Wv. (a-‰p Nn-e Xm-ev-∏-cyß-fpw Nn-e-t∏mƒ {]-[m-\-am-Wv). h- k v - X p- X - I - f p- s S A- S n- ÿ m- \ Øn¬ sX-‰m-sW-∂v s]m-Xp-k-aql-Øn-\v t_m-[y-am-Ip-∂ ]-e-Xpw `-cW - k - w-hn-[m-\ß - ƒ-°v am-{Xw a\- n-em-Im-dn-√. ]q¿-Æ-am-bpw imkv-{Xo-b- Xo-cp-am-\-߃ th-≠ ]e-bn-SØ - pw cm-j{-v So-b X - o-cp-am-\ß - fm-sW-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. `-cW - c - w-Ks - Ø kp-Xm-cy-Xs - b°p-dn-®v Im-cy-am-sbm-∂pw ]-d-tb≠-Xp-≠v F-∂v I-cp-Xp-∂n-√. 2005˛-se hn-hc - m-hI - m-i\ - n-ba - w kp-Xmcy-X-bv-°v th-≠n-bp-≈ Np-h-Sp-sh-

Bdc ]Xn‰m≠mbn BZnhmknIƒ...

tdm-sU-¶n-epw X-cq... ]p-dw tem-I-tØ-°v A-Xym-h-iy-Øn-\v t]m-Im-\p-≈ tdm-Un-\p th-≠n B-dv B-Zn-hm-kn {Km-aß - ƒ B-dc ]-Xn-‰m-≠m-bn k-ac - Ø - n¬, K-Xn sI-´v Cu Km-‘n-P-b-¥n Zn-\-Øn¬ kz-¥w \n-e-bn¬ h-gn sh-´n-Øp-S-ßn-b-t∏mƒ \q-tdm-fw t]-cp-sS t]-cn¬ tIkv! B-e-Øq¿ ]m¿-e-sa‚ v a-fi-e-Øn-se, s\-∑m-d A-kw-ªn afi-e-Øn-se sN-Ω-Wm-º-Xn B-Zn-hm-kn Du-cp-I-fn-se 300 Ip-Spw_-ß-fn-se B-bn-c-Øn-e-[n-Iw t]-cm-Wv k-a-c cw-K-Øp-≈-Xv. tI-c-f-Øn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b ]-©m-b-Øm-b ap-X-e-a-S-bn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b hm¿-Um-Wv ]-d-ºn-°p-fw. A-Xym-h-iy Im-cy-߃°v ]p-dw tem-I-sØ-Øm≥ A-h¿-°v X-an-gv-\m-´n-eq-sS-tb h-gn-bp≈q. s]m-Xp-KX - m-KX - ku-Ic - y-an-√. hm-SI - Po-∏n-tem a-t‰m 50 In.ao.Zqcw Xn-cn-™ph-f-™v, kv-s]-jy¬ s]¿-an-s‰-Sp-Øv, A-Xpw ]-Iam-{Xw X-an-gv-\m-Sv sN-°v t]m-Ãp-I-fp-sS Hu-Zm-cy-Øn¬! t\-cmw-hÆw tI-cf - Ø - n-eq-sS X-s∂ h-gn-bp-t≠¬ aq-∂n-sem-∂v Zq-ct- a-bp≈q.

1957se B-Zy a-{¥n-k-` ap-X¬ A-h-co B-h-iyw D-∂-bn-®psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. tIm-hn-Uv Im-ew A-h-cp-sS Zp-cn-X-߃ h¿-[n-∏n°p-I Iq-Sn sN-bv-X-t∏mƒ A-h¿ ssI-t°m-s´-Sp-Øv h-gn sh-´m≥ Xp-S-ßn. t]m-en-kpw t^m-d-Ãp-Im-cpw A-h-sc X-S-bm-\pw tI-skSp-°m-\pw A-d-Ãv sN-øm-\pw Xp-S-ßpI kzm`mhnIw. C-Xn-∂n-sS ]m-e-°m-Sv I-f-Iv-‰-dp-am-bn \-S-Øn-b kw-`m-j-Ww ]cm-P-b-s∏-´p: \n-ß-fp-sS A-\-[n-Ir-X tdm-Uv-]-Wn \n¿-Øp F-∂p I-f-Iv-‰¿. R-߃-°v A-[n-Ir-X-am-bn-Ø-s∂ tdm-Uv X-cq k¿ F∂v B-Zn-hm-kn-Iƒ...

H-Sp-hn¬ k¿-°m-cn-\v ap-s∂m-cp-°-Øn-\v 50 Zn-h-kw A-\p-h-Zn°m≥ Du-cp-°q-´w Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-∂p. A-Xn-∂n-S-bn¬ Im-cy-am-sbm∂pw \o-ßp-∂n-t√¬ ho-≠pw ssI-t°m-s´-Sp-°p-I X-s∂.

bv-]m-bn-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬ [m-cm-fw P-\-߃ Cu kw-hn-[m-\w ^-e{]-Z-am-bn D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-ØpS-ßn-b-tXm-sS Cu kw-hn-[m-\sØ X-f¿-Øm≥ {i-a-am-cw-`n-®p. `-c-W-Iq-S-ß-fpw D-tZym-K-ÿ- kwhn-[m-\ß - f - pw ssI-s°m-≈p-∂ Hmtcm Xo-cp-am-\h - pw {]-hr-Øn-bpw A-

dn-bp-hm≥ ]u-c\ - v A-hI - m-ia - p-≠v.

F-∂m¬ C-hn-sS Im-cy-߃ a-dpZn-ib - n-em-Wv k-©c - n-°p-∂X - v. ]uc-s‚ Hm-tcm {]-hr-Øn-bpw \n-co£n-°p-∂ tÃ-‰m-bn cm-Pyw am-dpI-bm-Wv. \-Ωp-sS X-t±-i kz-bw-`c-Wÿ - m-]\ - ß - ƒ F-∂m¬ B hgn-°-√ \o-tß-≠-Xv.

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

17

P\]¶mfnØtØmsSbp≈, kpXmcyamb `cWhyhÿ P\m[n]Xy \KcßfpsS ASnÿm\ LSIamWv. hyhÿm]camb ]cnjvImc߃°p am{Xta \Kcßsf bYm¿∞Øn¬ ]cnh¿Ø\w sNøm≥ Ignbq.

\-K-c-߃-°m-bn A-©v- ]-cn-jv-I-c-W -A-P-≠-Iƒ hn- B¿- h-N-\

C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- \-K-c-h¬-°-cn-°-s∏-´ -H≥]-Xm-a-sØ -kw-ÿm-\-am-b- tI-c-f-Øn¬ P-\-kwJy-bp-sS 47.70 i-X-am-\w -\-K-c-ß-fn¬ Xm-a-kn-°p∂p. C-°-tWm-an-Ãv- C‚-en-P≥-kv bq-Wn-‰n-s‚ -IW-°-\p-k-cn-®v- tem-I-sØ- A-Xn-th-Kw -h-f-cp-∂ -]Øv -\-K-c -{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ -aq-s∂-Æw -tI-c-f-Øn-emWv - a-e-∏p-dw (H-∂m-a-Xv), tIm-gn-t°m-Sv (\m-em-a-Xv), sIm-√w (]-Øm-a-Xv). tI-c-f- kv-t‰-‰v- A¿-_-ss\-tkj≥ -dn-t∏m¿-´v ]-d-bp-∂-Xv, \n-e-hn-se -{]-h-W-X-Isf- A-Sn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-≈- I-W-°p-Iƒ- A-\p-kcn-®v 2031 Hm-sS -tI-c-fw -\q-dp-i-X-am-\w -\-K-c-h-Xv-Icn-°s - ∏-Sp-sa-∂m-Wv. a-s‰m-cp- X-t±-i k - z-bw-`c - W - - sXc-s™-Sp-∏n-\v- kw-ÿm-\w- H-cp-ßp-tºmƒ, \-Ωp-sS -\-K-c-ß-fp-sS -`-c-W-hy-ÿ-sb-∏-‰n -H-cp -]p-\¿-hm-b\- B-h-iy-ap-≠v.

\-Kc - ] - c - n-jI -v c - W - Ø - n-s‚ {- ]m-[m-\yw a-‰p- kw-ÿm-\-ß-sf- A-t]-£n-®v -tI-c-f-Ønse- Po-hn-X- \n-e-hm-cw- sa-®-s∏-´-Xm-sW-¶n-epw, \Ωp-sS- \-K-c-ß-fn-se -A-Sn-ÿm-\- ku-I-cy-ß-fpw tk-h\ - ß - f - pw G - ‰ - h - pw- \-√ A - h - ÿ b - n-e√ - t- √m. tIc-f-Øn-se -{Zp-X-K-Xn-bn-ep-≈ -\-K-c-h-Xv-I-c-Ww- \-S°p-∂-Xv- A-{X- an-I-®-X-√m-Ø- A-Sn-ÿm-\- ku-Icy-ß-fp-tS-bpw -tk-h-\-ß-fp-tS-bpw -]-›m-Ø-e-Ønem-Wv. sh-≈-s∏m-°w, am-en-\y-{]-Xn-k-‘n, sshZyp-Xn-ap-S-°w, K-Xm-K-X-°p-cp-°v- Xp-S-ßn-b -\-Ωp-sS\-Kc - {- ]-iv\ - ß - ƒ- B - h - ¿-Øn-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p. tI-c-f-Øn-s‚- hn-I-k-\ -A-P-≠-bp-sS- A-Xy-¥m-t]£n-X L - S- I - a - m-Wv- \-Kc - ß - ƒ. \n-t£-]ß - f - p-tS-bpw \ - n-]p-WX - I - f - p-tS-bpw t- I-{μ-ßf - m-bn D - b - ¿-∂p-hc - m-\p≈ -\-K-c-ß-fp-sS- I-gn-hv- an-I-hp-‰- A-Sn-ÿm-\- kuI-cy-ß-tf-bpw -tk-h-\-ß-tf-bpw- A-Xp-h-gn an-I-hp‰ -Po-hn-X-\n-e-hm-c-sØ-bpw -B-{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. CØ-cw- {]-iv-\-ß-sf- t\-cn-Sp-∂-Xn-\m-bn- [m-cm-fw- ]Ww- Nn-e-hm-°m-dp-s≠-¶n-epw, ]-e-t∏m-gpw -]-cn-l-cn°m≥ -{i-an-°p-∂-Xv- e-£-W-ß-sf-bm-Wv- A-√m-sX

18

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a - q-eI - m-cW - ß - t- f-b√ - . D-Zm-lc - W - Ø - n-\v, h¿-jw-tXmdpw -tdm-Un-se- Ip-gn-\n-I-Øm≥- tIm-Sn-Iƒ- Nn-e-hgn-°p-tºmƒ, an-I-®- \n-e-hm-c-hpw -B-bp- p-ap-≈tdm-Up-Iƒ- F-ß-s\ -\n¿-an-°mw -F-∂-Xn-te-°v {i-≤ -sN-√p-∂n-√. C-Ø-cw "_m≥-Uv-F-bv-Uv' ]-cnlm-c-߃- im-iz-X-a-√- F-∂v- \-Ωp-sS- Zn-h-tk-\-bp≈ -A-\p-`-h-߃- km-£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

C-Ø-cw- -k-ao-]-\-߃- \-K-c-ß-sf- H-cp- k-¶o¿Æ-am-b -L-S-\-bm-bn- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂n-√. \-K-c-ßsf -ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-tºmƒ- h-f-sc- Ir-Xy-am-bhy-h-ÿm-]-c-am-b- k-ao-]-\w- B-h-iy-am-Wv. \-K-c߃- ] - c - k - ] v- c - ] - q-cI - ß - f - m-b- A-t\-Iw D - ] - h - y-hÿ I-fp-sS- kw-K-a-am-Wv. F-√mw-Iq-Sn- Ir-Xy-am-bn- H-Øp t- N-cp-tºm-gm-Wv- \-Kc - ` - c - W - wa - n-Ih - p-≈X - m-Ip-∂X - pwA-Xp-hg - n- an-I® - - Po-hn-X\ - n-eh - m-cw \ - K - c - ß - ƒ-°v- {]Zm-\w -sN-øm≥- I-gn-bp-∂-Xpw. \-K-c- `-c-W-sØ \n¿-Æ-bn-°p-∂ -A-Sn-ÿm-\-L-S-I-ß-ƒ \m-se-Æ-

am-Wv 1. k-hn-ti-j-am-b- B-kq-{X-Ww, 2. \-K-c-k-`I-fp-sS- [-\/am-\-h- hn-`-h-ti-jn 3. ta-b-dp-sS-bpw Iu¨-kn-en-s‚-bpw- im-‡o-I-c-Ww 4. hm¿-Uv- ASn-ÿm-\- P-\] - ¶ - m-fn-Ø h - y-hÿ . C-Øc - Ø - n-ep-≈ -H-cp-k-ao-]-\w -h-gn- \-K-c-ß-fn-se -{]-iv-\-ß-fp-sS aqe-Im-c-W-sØ -I-≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥- I-gn-bp-I-bpw- A-Xph-gn- im-iz-Xa - m-b- ]-cn-lm-cß - f - n-te-°v- F-Øp-hm-\pw -km-[n-°pw.

1. \-Kc - ß - f - n-se- kvs]jy¬ π - m-\nw-K-v kw-hn-[m-\w i - ‡ - n-s∏-Sp-Øp-I \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ "Su¨- B≥-Uv- I¨-{Sn- πm-\nwKv' \n-b-a-sØ ]p-\x-]-cn-tim-[-\- \-S-Øp-I-bpw -]pXp-°n-b- \n-b-aw 2016 ¬- \n-e-hn¬- sIm-≠v h-cn-Ibpw -sN-bv-X -h-f-sc- Np-cp-°w- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn¬- H∂m-Wv- tI-c-fw. am-{X-hp-a-√ -C-t∏mƒ- kw-tbm-Pn-X "ss¢-a-‰v-kn-e-sb‚ v- -πm-\nw-Kv' sIm-≠p hcphm-\p≈- \n-b-a-t`-Z-K-Xn-sb- ]-‰n-bp-≈ -N¿-®-I-fpw- \-S-°p∂p. Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- Im-em-\p-kr-X-am-b -\n-b-a-t`-Z-KXn-Iƒ- an-I-® -`-c-W-hy-h-ÿ-bp-sS- B-h-iy-I-X-bmWv. F-∂n-cp-∂m-epw -tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ -\-K-c-ß-fp-sS kvs]jy¬- πm-\nw-Kv- kw-hn-[m-\w i-‡n-s∏-Sp-tØ≠-Xp-≠v, {]-tXy-In-®v- πm≥- cq-]o-I-c-W-hpw- A-Xns‚ -\-S-∏m-°-epw. \-K-c-ß-fn¬- hn-tI-{μo-Ir-X- kmaq-ln-I-˛-km-º-Øn-I -B-kq-{X-W -hy-h-ÿ -D-s≠¶n-epw, hm¿-Up-X-e- kvs]-jy¬ -πm-\nwKv hy-h-ÿtI-c-f-Øn-\n-√. am-{X-hp-a-√ , kvs]jy¬ -πm-\nw-Kvkw-hn-[m-\-Øn¬- hm¿-Uv- I-Ωn-‰n-bpw -G-cn-b- k-`-Ifpw -h-gn-bp-≈ -P-\- ]-¶m-fn-Øw -πm-\nw-Kv- \n-b-aw A-\p-im-kn-°p-∂n-√. \-Kc - ß - f - p-sS- kvs]jy¬ s - Uh-e-]v-sa≥-dv- πm-\p-Iƒ -hn-I-kn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ- _-‘s∏-´- F-√m- G-P≥-kn-I-fp-sS-bpw -]-¶m-fn-Øw -\n-baw B - h - i - y-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶n-epw- kw-tbm-Pn-X B - k - q{X-Ww D-d∏ - m-°p-∂X - n-\v- A-Xy-¥m-t]-£n-Xa - m-b, _‘-s∏-´- F-√m- A-tXm-dn-‰n-Iƒ-°pw- H-cp-t]m-se -D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂- H-cp- s]m-Xp "Pn-sF-F-kv- am-∏v ' tI-cf - Ø - n-s‚ a - p≥-\n-c \ - K - c - ß - f - n¬ t- ]m-ep-an-√. tIc-f-Øn-se -\-K-c- hn-I-k-\ -πm-\p-I-fn¬ -an-°-t]mgpw- k-ºZvhyh-ÿ, sXm-gn¬, ]-cn-ÿn-Xn, ss]-XrIw, km-aq-ln-I- hn-I-k-\w- F-∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®p-≈Ir-Xy-am-b- e-£y-ß-fpw- A-h- ssI-h-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂pt≠m-sb-∂p- A-dn-bp-hm-\p-≈ -A-f-hp-tIm-ep-I-fpw Dƒ-s∏-Sm-dn-√. Iq-Sm-sX, \-K-c- `q-]-cn-jv-I-c-W-Øn¬G-sd -{]m-[m-\y-ap-≈ "em≥-Uv- ssS-‰n-en-ßn-\v' th≠n-bp-≈- \n-b-a -hy-h-ÿ-bpw- tI-c-f-Ønen√.

2. \-K-c-k-`-I-fp-sS- km-º-Øn-I kp-ÿn-cX - - D-d∏ - p-hc - p-Øp-I tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ -\-K-c-k-`-Iƒ- km-º-Øn-I-am-bnkp-ÿn-cm-h-ÿ-bn¬- A-√. \-K-c-k-`-I-fp-sS- h-cpam-\-Øn-s‚ -{]m-Y-an-I -D-d-hn-Sw- sI-´n-S -\n-Ip-Xn-bmWv. F-∂m¬- \-K-c-k-`-Iƒ-°v- kw-ÿm-\w- \n-›bn-®n-cn-°p-∂- ]-cn-[n-°p-≈n¬ -\n-∂psIm-≠v- am-{Xta- C-Xv- Cu-Sm-°m≥- I-gn-bq. ]-cn-an-Xa - m-b- [-\- t{kmX- v- \-K-c-k-`-I-fp-sS- kz-¥w- h-cp-am-\-sØ -_m-[n°p-∂p. D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, sIm-®n- \-K-c-k-`-bp-sSNn-e-hn-s‚-bpw- h-cp-am-\-Øn-s‚-bpw- A-\p-]m-X-Øns‚ -I-gn-™ -aq-∂v h¿-j-sØ- i-cm-i-cn 47.9 i-X-am-

\-am-Wv. C-Xv Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp 36.3 i-X-am-\-hpwB-e-∏p-g-bn¬ 24.5 i-X-am-\-hpw- B-Wv. C-XpsIm≠v- X-s∂- \-K-c-k-`-Iƒ-°v- tI-{μ-˛kw-ÿm-\ -k¿°m-cp-I-fp-sS -[-\-k-lm-b-ß-sf -B-{i-bn-t°-≠n-hcn-I-bpw -kz-X-{¥-am-bn- A-Sn-ÿm-\ -ku-I-cy-߃°pw -hn-I-k-\-߃-°p-w th≠ co-Xn-bn¬ -]-WwNn-e-hm-°m≥ -I-gn-bm-sX-bpw- h-cp-∂p. ]-s£, [-\Im-cy- \n¿-h-l-W-Øn-\v- Ir-Xy-am-b -hy-h-ÿ-I-fpw am-\-Z-fi-ß-fpw- C-s√-¶n¬- h-cp-am-\w -h¿-≤n-∏n-°p∂-Xv- tNm¿-s∂m-en-°p-∂- -_-°-‰n¬-\n-∂v- ]-Ww-]I-cp-∂-Xn-\p- Xp-ey-am-bn-cn-°pw. Pm-{K-X-tbm-Sp- IqSn-b -[-\-Im-cy -B-kq-{X-W-Øn-s‚ -\-s´-√m-b- Zo¿L-Im-e "^n-kv-I¬- πm-\nw-Kv'\-K-c-k-`-Iƒ-°p-≠mh-Ww. \-K-c-k-`-I-fp-sS- _-P-‰v- am-t\-Pv-sa‚n-se A-]-cym-]v-X-X 2017-se- Iw-]v-t{Sm-f¿- B≥-Uv- Hm-Un‰¿- P-\-d-en-s‚ -kz-bw-`-c-W- ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS- HmUn-‰v- dn-t∏m¿-´n¬- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. ]-et∏m-gpw- \-K-c-k-`-I-fp-sS -_-Uv-P-‰n-s‚ "F-Ãn-ta-‰pw' "B-Iv-Np-h¬-kpw' X-Ωn-ep-≈- hy-Xym-kw, A-Xm-bXv "_-P‰v th-cn-b≥-kv' 15 i-X-am-\-Øn¬- A-[n-Iam-Wv. D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, I-gn-™ -aq-∂v- sIm-√-sØi-cm-i-cn "_-P-‰v thcn-b≥-kv', Xn-cp-h-\¥-]p-cw- \K-c-k-`-°p 64.5 i-X-am-\-hpw -sIm-®n- \-K-c-k-`-°v 53.35 i-X-am-\-hp-am-Wv. Iq-Sm-sX, "dn-kv-Iv- am-t\-Pva‚ v', "C-t‚-W¬ I-t{≠mƒ -t{]m-k- v' Xp-S-ßn-bh hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-∂ "C-t‚-W¬ Hm-Un-‰v' \-K-c-k-`Iƒ- \-S-Ø-Ww -F-∂v- tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ -ap-\n-kn-∏\n-b-aw- A-\p-im-kn-°p-∂n-√. [-\-Im-cy- kp-ÿn-cX-°v [-\-t{km-X- p-I-tfmsSm-∏w- X-s∂ -Ir-Xy-amb "^n-\m≥-jy¬ / _-P-‰v- am-t\-Pv-a‚ v' hy-h-ÿ-Ifpw- D-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. [-\-Im-cy -kp-ÿn-c-X- \-K-cß-fp-sS- `-c-W -hy-h-ÿ -sa-®-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv -{Zp-XK-Xn-bn-em-°m≥- k-lm-bn-°pw -F-∂p-≈-XpsIm-≠vX-s∂- ta¬-]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂- {]-iv-\-߃- F-{X-bpw -th-Kw-]-cn-l-cn-tI-≠-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

3. ap-\n-kn-∏¬- a-\p-jy h - n-`h - t- i-jn Zr-Vs - ∏-Sp-Øp-I sl¿-a≥ ^ - n-\¿- F-∂- cm-{„o-b i - m-k{v- X-⁄≥,

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19

H-cn-°¬- ]-d™ n-´p-≠,v "However adequately organised the political side of government, however wise the political philosophy, high leadership and command, these would be of no effect without body of official experts in applying accumulated supply of power and wisdom to particular cases, permanently and specially employed to do so". tI-

c-f-Øn-se -\-K-c-k-`-Iƒ-°v- i-‡-hpw -B-[p-\n-I-hpam-b- am-\-h -hn-`-h-\-bw -B-h-iy-am-Wv. \-K-c -`-c-WØn-\m-h-iy-am-b- B-fp-Iƒ, A-h¿-°p- th-≠ -ss\]p-Wy-hpw- Im-cy-£a - X - b - pw (km-t¶-Xn-Iw/`-cW - \ - n¿h-l-W-hp-am-bn°q-Sn- _-‘-s∏-´-h), tPm-en-bp-sS `m-K-am-bp-≈- I¿-Ø-hy-߃, "Hm¿-Km≥-kn-tb-j≥ -Un-ssk-\n-s‚' A-Sn-ÿm-\ -am-\-Z-fi-߃, k-a{K-am-b "s]¿-t^m-a≥-kv- am-t\-Pv-sa‚ v-kn-Ãw', IrXy-am-b- ]-cn-io-e-\ -hy-h-ÿ F-∂n-h-sbm-s° -am\-h hn-`-h-\-b-Øn¬ -Dƒ-s∏-tS-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p.

4. ta-bd - n-\pw I - u¨-kn-en-\pw- Iq-Sp-X¬A-[n-Im-cß - ƒ- \¬-Ip-I \-K-c-k-`-I-fp-sS -cm-{„o-b -im-‡o-I-c-W-Øn¬tI-c-fw -Xm-c-X-tay-\ -\-√- {]-I-S-\-am-Wv- Im-gv-N-h-bv°p-∂X - v, a-lm-cm-{„, I¿-Wm-SI - X - p-Sß - n-b k - w-ÿm\-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn- tI-c-f-Øn¬- ta-bdp-sS- Im-em-h-[n- A-©p-h¿-j-am-Wv. 1997-˛98¬- ]¶m-fn-Ø- B-kq-{X-Ww -B-cw-`n-®-Xp- ap-X¬, kwÿm-\-Øn-s‚- \n-t£-]n-°m-\m-hp-∂- ^-≠n¬- \n∂pw i-cm-i-cn 25 i-X-am-\w- \-K-c-k-`-Iƒ- Dƒ-s∏Sp-∂- kz-bw-`-c-W- ÿm-]-\-߃-°v hn-I-k-\- \n-[nbm-bn hn-\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Iq-Sm-sX, kw-ÿm-\Ø - ns‚ -kz-¥w- \n-Ip-Xn- h-cp-am-\-Øn-s‚ -G-Xm-≠v 3.5 i-X-am-\w s]m-Xp -B-h-iy-Øn-\p-≈ -^-≠m-bpw \nIp-Xn- h-cp-am-\-Øn-s‚ 5.5 i-X-am-\w sa-bn‚-\≥kv- ^-≠m-bpw -kz-bw-`-c-W -ÿm-]-\-߃-°v- \¬Ip-∂p. kw-ÿm-\ -k¿-°m¿ -]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®- ]-≤Xn- am¿-§-\n¿-t±-i-߃-°v hn-t[-b-am-bn- kz-bw-`-cW -ÿm-]-\-߃-°v- A-h-cp-sS- ap≥-K-W-\-I-sf A-

20

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Sn-ÿm-\a - m-°n- ]-≤X - n-Iƒ c - q-]o-Ic - n-°p-∂X - n-\pw \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- kzm-X-{¥y-ap-≠v. tIm-hn-Uv- t]mep-≈- {]-Xn-k-‘n-I-sf- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-∂-Xn¬hn-tI-{μo-Ic - W - - kw-hn-[m-\Ø - n-\p-≈ {- ]m-[m-\yw cmPy-Øn-\v- Im-´ns°m-Sp-°p-hm-\pw -tI-c-f-Øn-\v- Ign™p. tI-c-f-sØ- hn-tI-{μo-I-c-W-Øn-s‚ -D-Zm-Ø-amXr-I-bm-bn- Im-Wm-dp-s≠-¶n-epw- Nn-e -bm-Ym¿-Yyß-ƒ- \mw -{i-≤n-t®- a-Xn-bm-hp. C-¥y≥- `-c-W-L-S\-bp-sS- ]-{¥-≠mw -sj-Uyqƒ -{]-Im-cw -]-Xn-s\-´pta-J-e-Iƒ- \-K-c-k-`-I-fp-sS- A-[n-Im-c- ]-cn-[n-bn¬sIm-≠p- h-tc-≠-Xm-Wv. F-∂m¬ -ap-\n-kn-∏¬- \n-baw -h-gn -]-Xn-\m-dp -{]-h¿-Øn-ta-J-e-Iƒ- am-{X-ta- \K-c-k-`-Iƒ-°v- A-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p-≈p. A-Xn¬- X-s∂H≥-]-sX-Æ-Øn-te b-Ym¿-∞-Øn¬- \-K-c-k-`-Iƒ°v- G-Xm-≠v -]q¿-W-am-bn- kzm-X-{¥y-ap-≈p. Im-Xem-b -{]-h¿-Ø-\ -ta-J-e-I-fm-b- \m-K-cm-kq-{X-Ww, `q-hn-\n-tbm-Km-kq-{X-Ww, P-e-hn-X-c-Ww- Xp-S-ßn-bh-sbm-s°- kw-ÿm-\ -k¿-°m¿- h-Ip-∏p-I-tfm -k¿°m-cn-t\m-Sv- dn-t∏m¿-´v- sN-øp-∂ -kn-hn-Iv- G-P≥-knI-tfm -ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-∂Xph-gn- tI-c-f-Øn¬- bYm¿-∞Ø - n¬- hn-tI-{μo-Ic - W - Ø - n-s‚- tI-{μo-Ic - W - am-Wp-≈-Xv. H-cp b-Ym¿-∞ A-[n-Im-c hn-tI-{μo-Ic-W hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bn¬ C-Ø-cw- ÿm-]-\-߃ \-Kc-k-`-°v Io-gn-em-Wv {]-h¿-Øn-t°-≠-Xv. Iq-Sm-sX \-Kc - Ø - n-se K-Xm-KX - w, t]m-eo-kv, s]m-Xp-ac - m-aØ - p ]-Wn-Iƒ Xp-Sß - n-bh - kw-ÿm-\ k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ t\cn-´m-Wv \n-b-{¥n-°p-∂-Xv. -apw-ss_ -t]m-ep-≈- \-Kc-߃-°v- ]-{¥-≠mw- sj-Uyqƒ- {]-Im-c-ap-≈- ]-Xns\-´p- {]-h¿-Ø\ - - ta-Je - I - f - n¬- ]-Xn-\m-se-ÆØ - n¬{]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-b -A-[n-Im-c-ap-≠v-. sh-≈w, ssh-ZypXn, K-Xm-KX - w- F-∂n-h t- ]m-epw \ - K - c - k - `- b - m-Wv- ssIIm-cyw -sN-øp-∂-Xv. H-cp an-I® - P-\m-[n-]X - y \-Kc - Ø - n-s‚ A-Xy-¥mt]-£n-X L-S-I-am-Wv P-\-ß-fm¬ Xn-c-s™-Sp-°s∏-´ D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Ø-hpw A-[n-Im-c-hp-ap-≈ t\-Xmhv. B cm-{„o-b A-[n-Im-cn H-cp Im-c-W-h-im-epw Hcp ap-Jy-a-{¥n-tbm kw-ÿm-\ k¿-°m-tcm A-√, adn-®p, \-K-c-sØ A-Sp-Ø-dn-bp-∂ ta-b-dm-Wv. ]-s£ -a-s‰-√m -C-¥y≥ -kw-ÿm-\-ß-tfbpw t]m-se -tIc-f-Øn-epw -ta-b¿-°v- F-Iv-kn-Iyq-´o-hv- A-[n-Im-c-ßfn-√, \-K-c-k-`-Iƒ-°p- t\-Xr-Xzw- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv kwÿm-\ -k¿-°m¿- \n-tbm-Kn-®- D-tZym-K-ÿ-cm-Wv. a[y-{]-tZ-iv, l-cn-bm-\, X-an-gv-\m-Sv, D-Ø-cm-J-fiv- F∂o- kw-ÿm\-ß-fn¬ -P-\-ß-fm¬ -t\-cn-´v- sX-cs™-Sp-°-s∏-´- ta-b¿-am-cp-≈-t∏mƒ -tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ap-\n-kn-∏¬ -\n-b-aw- A-Ø-c-sam-cp- hy-h-ÿ -A-\ph-Zn-°p-∂n-√. \-K-c-Øn-s‚- {]-[m-\-s∏-´ -A-Sn-ÿm\- ku-I-cy-ß-fn-epw- tk-h-\-ß-fn-epw- a-‰p -ÿm-]\-߃-°v- ]-¶p-≠m-hp-I-bpw -]-s£- A-h-°v- tabtdm-tSm- \-Kc - k - ` - t- bmtSm D - Ø - c - h - m-Zn-Øa - n-√m-Ø- ]£w, X-s‚- \-Kc - Ø - n-se {- ]-i\ v- ß - ƒ] - c - n-lc - n-°m≥ -B-sc-bm-Wv- k-ao-]n-t°-≠-Xv- F-∂v- D-d-∏n-√m-sX- hnj-an-°p-I -A-X-Xv- \-K-c-ß-fn-se -P-\-ß-fm-Wv. a-‰pkw-ÿm-\-ß-sf- A-t]-£n-®v -hn-tI-{μo-I-c-W- kwhn-[m-\-ß-fpw- \-K-c-k`mim-‡o-I-c-W-hpw- sa-®-amWv- F-∂v hn-Nm-cn-®v, \-Ωp-sS- hn-tI-{μo-I-c-W -kwhn-[m-\-sØ- C-\n-bp-ta-sd- ]-cn-t]m-jn-∏n-t°-≠n-bncn-°p-∂p- F-∂- bm-Ym¿-Yyw -a-d-°cp-Xv.

ap-gp-h≥ h-\n-Xm `-c-W-hp-am-hmw tUm. ]n ]n _m-e≥

h-\n-Xm kw-h-c-W-sØ Ip-dn-®v ]-d-bp-tºmƒ l-cn-bm-W-bn-se Im-cy-am-Wv Hm¿-Ω h-cp-∂-Xv. l-cn-bm-W-bn-se ta-hm-Sv Pn-√-bn-se \nw-th-Z ]©m-b-Øn-em-Wv kw-`-hw. Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n-s‚ \dp-s°-Sp-∏v \-S-∂-t∏mƒ {]-kn-U-≠v ÿm-\w h\n-X-°v. A-t∏mƒ \m-´p-Im¿ H-Øp-Iq-Sn H-cp Imcyw sN-bv-Xp. C-°p-dn F-√m ko-‰n-epw h-\n-XIƒ a-’c - n-°s - ´. ]-Xn-s\m-∂w-K ]-©m-bØ - nA-ß-s\ ap-gp-h-\pw h-\n-X-Iƒ Xn-c-s™-Sp-°s∏-´p.

B-Zy-sØ H-cp h¿-jw A-h-cp-sS `¿-Ømthm a-°-tfm k-tlm-Z-c-ß-tfm \n-g¬ t]m-se ]n-¥p-S¿-∂p. ]n-∂o-Sv A-h¿-°v Im-cy-߃ ]n-Sn In-´n-b-t∏mƒ ]p-cp-j-∑m-sc `-c-W Im-cy-ØnA-h¿ C-S-s]-So-®n-√. Np-cp-ßn-b Im-ew sIm≠v ]-©m-b-Øn-s\ A-h¿ a-Zy hn-ap-‡-am-°n. kv-Iq-fn-se sIm-gn-™p-t]m-°v X-S-™p. \q-dpi-X-am-\w lm-P-cp-≠m-°n. Io-S-߃ Ir-jn \-

5 . \-Kc - ` - c - W - Ø - n¬- P-\] - ¶ - m-fn-Øh - pwkp-Xm-cy-Xb - pw i - ‡ - n-s∏-Sp-Øp-I \-K-c-ß-fn-se- hn-tI-{μo-Ir-X -P-\-]-¶m-fn-Ø -hyh-ÿ-bn¬ -ap≥-t]- \-S-∂- kw-ÿm-\-am-Wv-tI-c-fw.

H-cp -e-£-Øn-\p -ap-I-fn¬ -P-\-kw-Jy-bp-≈-F-√m- \K-c-k-` -{]-tZ-i-ß-fn-epw -hm¿-Uv- I-Ωn-‰n-Iƒ -cq-]o-Icn-°m-\pw -H-cp- e-£-Øn¬ -I-hn-bm-Ø -P-\-kw-Jybp-≈- \-K-c-k-` -{]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬- hm¿-Uv-k-`-Iƒ- cq]o-I-cn-°m-\pw- tI-c-f-Øn-se ap-\n-kn-∏¬- \n-b-awA-\p-im-kn-°p-∂p. 1996˛-97¬ -B-cw-`n-® -P-\-Io-bmkq-{X-W -{]-ÿm-\w- ]-¶m-fn-Ø- hy-h-ÿ-bn-ep-≈ {]m-tZ-in-I -B-kq-{X-W-Øn-\v Xp-S-°-an-Sp-I-bpw- cmPy-Øn-\m-sI -H-cp -am-Xr-I-bm-hp-I-bpw -sN-bv-Xp. A°m-es - ØA - {- X- P-\] - ¶ - m-fn-Øw C - ∂ - n-s√-¶n-epw {]mtZ-in-I B-kq-{X-Ww -C-∂pw -Xp-S¿-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. ]-Xn-aq-∂mw- ]-©-h-’-c- ]-≤-Xn-bn¬ -H-cp- c-≠mw -P\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W {- ]-ÿm-\w- Xp-Sß - p-∂X - n-s\-∏‰ - n- ]d-bp-∂p-ap≠v. A-Xv bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬h-f-sc -\-√- H-cp- Np-h-Sp-h-bv-]m-Ipw. hm¿-Uv-I-Ωn-‰n-°p -Io-gn-em-bn, H-t∂m- A-Xn¬Iq-Sp-X-tem -D-≈ -t]m-fn-Mv- _q-Øp-Iƒ- H-cp-an-®p-tN¿Ø- G-cn-b -k-`-Iƒ -ap-\n-kn-∏¬ -\n-b-a-Øn-s‚ -`mK-am-tI-≠-Xp-≠v. C-Xv hn-tI-{μo-I-c-Ww -Iq-Sp-X¬A¿-∞-h-Øm-°p-I-bpw -`-c-W-hy-h-ÿ -P-\-ß-fp-sSA-Sp-tØ-°v- F-Øn-°p-I-bpw -sN-øpw. tI-c-f -ap≥kn-∏¬ -\n-b-aw- ]-¶m-fn-Ø -_-Uv-P-‰nw-Kn-\v- A-\p-imkn-°p-∂n-√. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- \-K-c-k-`m 2019 sXm´p- ]-¶m-fn-Ø- _-Uv-P-‰nw-Kn-\v Xp-S-°-an-s´-¶n-epw, CXv- \n-b-aw-h-gn- ÿm-]-\- kw-_-‘n-bm-°n-bm¬- F√m- \-Kc - k - ` - I - f - n-te-°pw- hym-]n-∏n-°p-hm≥- I-gn-bpw.

in-∏n-°p-Xn-s\ Xp-S¿-∂v kz-¥-am-bn Io-S-\m-in\n I-≠p-]n-Sn-®p. A-tXm-sS Ir-jn-bpw \-∂m-bn...' kw-`-h-a-dn-™v cm-{„-]-Xn ]-©m-b-Øn¬ t\-cns´-Øn P-\{- ]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ-°v ]m-cn-tXm-jn-Iw \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. C-Xn-s‚ B-th-iw -sIm-≠m-hmw lnam-N¬-{]-tZ-in¬ A-©p ]-©m-b-Øp-Iƒ ]q¿W-am-bpw h-\n-Xm ]-©m-bØ - m-bn. l-cn-bm-W kwÿm-\w I-gn-™ G-gmw Xo-b-Xn H-cp Xo-cp-am-\sa-Sp-Øp: tam-iw {]-I-S-\w Im-gv-N-sh-°p-∂ ]©m-b-Øv P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-sf Xn-cn-®p-hn-fn-°m-\p≈ \n-b-aw ]m-km-°n. {Km-a-k-` tN¿-∂v aq-∂nc-≠p-`m-Kw `q-cn-]£ - t- Øm-sS A-hn-izm-k{- ]-ta-bw ]m-km-°n-bm¬ A-Ø-cw P-\{]-Xn-\n-[nIƒ-°v Aw-K-Xzw \-„-s∏-Spw. A-Xn-\m¬ Aw-K-߃ {Kma-k-`-sb t]-Sn-°pw. ln-am-N¬-{]-tZ-in¬ \q-tdm-fw ]-©m-b-ØpI-fn¬ tIm-S-Xn-t°-kp-Iƒ \n-e-hn-en-√. Im-c-Ww ]-©m-bØ - p-Iƒ-°v Pp-Uo-jy¬ A-[n-Im-cw D-≈Xn-\m¬ P-\-߃ {]-iv-\-߃ A-hn-sS-Ø-s∂ ]-cn-l-cn-°p-∂p. tI-c-f-hpw am-dn- Nn-¥n-t°-≠nbn-cn-°p-∂p.

kw-ÿm-\w -H-cp -s]m-Xp-sh-fn-s∏-Sp-ج -\n-baw- A-Y-hm ']-ªn-Iv- Un-kv-t¢m-k¿- tem' \-S-∏m°n-bn-´p-s≠-¶n-epw, ap-\n-kn-∏¬ h - m¿-U vs - e-h¬- _P-‰p-Iƒ, \-K-c-k-`m-{]-h¿-Ø-\-߃, tk-h-\- X-e߃- Xp-S-ßn-b -P-\-ß-f-dn-tb-≠ -A-Sn-ÿm-\ -\-Kc-k-`m-hn-h-c-߃ -Hm-∏¨- Um-‰ -t^m¿-am-‰p-I-fn¬\¬-Im≥ -ap-\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-I-sf -t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p∂n-√. A¿-∞-]q¿-W-am-bn- \-K-c-`-c-W-Øn¬- ]-¶mfn-Ifm-hW - w- F-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ P - \ - ß - ƒ-°pw- kn-hn-skm-ssk-‰n-°pw -am-[y-a-߃-°pw- hn-i-I-e-\w -sNøm≥-]-‰p-∂ "B-Ivj\-_vƒ- Um-‰m' e-`n-°-Ww. CXn-\p- Hm-∏¨- Um-‰m- t^m¿-am-‰v- k-lm-bn-°p-∂p.

C-Ø-cw -hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ- \-K-c-k-`-°v- P-\-ß-tfm-Sp-≈ -D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Øw- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p. Xo¿®-bm-bpw -P-\-]-¶m-fn-Ø-tØm-sS-bp-≈-, kp-Xm-cy-amb- `-c-W-hy-h-ÿ -P-\m-[n-]-Xy- \-K-c-ß-fp-sS- A-Snÿm-\- L-S-I-am-Wv.

D-]k - w-lm-cw \-K-c-ß-fp-sS -]-cn-jv-I-c-W-Øn-\v- tI-{μ-˛-kwÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ- H-cp-an-®p {- ]-h¿-Øn-t°-≠X - p≠v. `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS -G-gmw- sj-Uyqƒ -{]-Im-cw\-K-c-߃- kw-ÿm-\ -]-cn-[n-bn-em-Wv h-cp-∂-Xv. AXpsIm-≠p-X-s∂ -\-K-c-ß-fp-sS -]-cn-jv-I-c-W-Øn-\v hn-f-t°-t¥-≠-Xv kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cp-I-fm-Wv. \K-c-߃ -A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-∂ -{]-Xy-£ -{]-iv-\-ßsf- t\-cn-Sp-tºm-gpw -A-Xn-s‚- aq-e -Im-c-W-sØ -a-\kn-em-°p-I-bpw- A-Xv- ]-cn-l-cn-°p-I-bpw- th-Ww. hy-h-ÿm-]-c-am-b -]-cn-jv-I-c-W-߃-°p -am-{X-ta- \Ωp-sS- \-K-c-ß-sf- b-Ym¿-∞-Øn¬ -]-cn-h¿-Ø-\wsN-øm≥- I-gn-bq. \hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

21

tht≠ \aps°mcp kvt\l]£ cmjv{Sobw?

]p-d-Øv P-\m-b-Øw D-≠m-hm≥ A-I-Øpw P-\m-b-Øw th-≠n-h-cpw bp A-Pn-Xv

P-

\m-b-Øw P-\-ß-tfm-Sv sX-cs™- S p- ° m≥ B- h - i y- s ∏- S p∂p.F-∂m¬ k-Ω-Xn-bp-sS 'Zm\'Zn-\-Øn-s‚ am-{X-ap-≈ G¿-∏mS-√-t√m sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v. \-Ωƒ F-√m Zn-\h - pw sX-cs - ™-Sp-°p-∂p≠v. am-[y-aß - ƒ \q-dv ta-\n-bpw- hnf-sh-Sp-∏v \-SØ - p-∂ a-eb - m-fØ - nhn-ti-jn-®pw. i-cn-tbm-Sv A-Sp-Øp h-cp-∂ sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v \-ap-°v F-ß-s\ sN-øm≥ I-gn-bpw? \-Ωƒ A-Xn\v {]m-]v-X-tcm? \-ap-°v ]p-d-Øp≈ Im- c y- ß - f n¬ Ip- d - t ® sNøm≥ I-gn-bq. ]-t£ \-ap-°-I-Øv F-s¥-¶n-epw i-cn-bm-°m-\p-t≠m? \-ap-s°-√mw ]-e Im-c-W-ßfm¬ Nn-e-tcm-Sv Nm-bv-hv D-≠m-hp∂p. Nn-e-tcm-Sv C-„w. A-Xn-te-sd, Nn-e-tcm-Sv A-\n-„w. A-\n-„-ap-≈ a-{¥n (I-£n) km-[m-c-W P-\߃-°v \¬-∏v- sN-øp-∂-Xm-tWm Xn¬-∏-v sN-øp-∂X - m-tWm \-sΩ kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p-∂p-Xv? _p-≤n-ap-´v A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h¿-°v A-h-cp-sS hnj-aw Ip-d-bv-°p-∂ H-∂v \-ap-°n-„an-√m-Ø I-£n sN-bv-Xm¬ \-ap°v k-t¥m-j-tam k-¶-S-tam? {]Xn-Zn-\ X¿-°ß - f - n¬ \-Ωƒ C-t∂bv-°v- ]-cm-Pn-X-cm-hp-tam F-∂mtWm Nn-¥ A-tXm a-\p-jy¿-°v A-{X-bpw B-izm-k-am-b-t√m, \∂m-bn F-∂m-tWm? Xp-S¿-∂pw Aß-s\ A-\n-„-°m¿ P-\-߃-°v D-]-Im-c-߃ sN-bv-XpIq-´n-bm\-Ωp-sS kzm-ÿyw B-sI ]n-g-bv°p-tam? A-\n-„ I-£n P-\-t{Zm-

22

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

lw sN-øp-∂-Xm-Wv k-t¥m-j-sa¶n¬ \-ap-s°-t¥m Ip-g-∏-an-t√? a-dn-®v, \-ap-°v C-„a - p-≈ a-{¥n (I-£n) P-\-t{Zm-lw sN-bv-XmA-Xm-cpw {i-≤n-°m-sX t]m-hp-∂Xm-hp-tam \-sΩ k-t¥m-jn-∏n-°p∂-Xv?F-ß-s\-sb-¶n-epw A-h-sc \ym-bo-I-cn-°m≥ a-\- v Xp-fp-ºptam? F-Xn¿-tN-cn-bp-sS k-am-\ t{Zm-l-߃ a-\- v F-Æp-tam? Is≠-Øp-tam? A-Xm-hm-sa-¶n¬ CXp-am-hmw, A-{X-tØm-fw C-Xv hcn-√ F-∂p]-db - m≥ ]-db - p-∂p-t≠m a-\ - v? \-Ωp-sS tN-cn-°v- F-Xn-cm-bn am-[y-a D-’h - ß - ƒ \-S° - p-tºmƒ am-{Xw am-[y-a hy-h-km-b-Øn-s‚ hn-]-W-\ `o-I-c-X-sb-∏-‰n \-Ωƒ hn-Nm-e-am-bn D-]-\y-kn-°p-tam?

C-ß-s\-sbm-s° A-√m-Ø-hcp-t≠m, \-Ω-fn¬?

P-\] - £ - Ø - v \n-∂p-sIm-≠v \nXy {]-Xn-]-£-am-bn-cn-°p-I \-Ωp-

sS H-cp C-„ B-i-b-am-Wv. kz-X-{¥-cp-sS `q-an-I-sb ]-‰n \-Ωƒ sIm-≠m-Sn-b H-cm-ib - a - m-Wv A-Xv. A-[n-Im-c-tØm-Sv- H-´n-√ F∂-Xm-Wv A-Xn-s‚ D-≈v. ]-t£ \-√-Xv sN-bv-Xm¬ A-Xv ]-d-bm≥ B \n-Xy {]-Xn-]-£ a-\- v X-S -am-Ip-tam? B-bm¬ A-Xpw t]mbn-t√? P-\-߃-°v Kp-W-ap-≈-Xv sN-bvX - m¬ lm-bv ]-db - p-∂X - v sNbv-X-h¿-°v A-Xv Xp-S-cm≥ t{]m’m-l-\-a-t√? a-dp-tN-cn-Iƒ-°pw {]-tNm-Z-\-a-t√? A-Xpw ]-d-tb-≠X-t√ P-\m-b-Ø-Øn¬? A-Xv P\-߃-°v Kp-W-a-t√? \-√-Xv \-√sX-∂v ]-d-™m¬ B-fl-ip-≤n (A-tXm {]-Xn-—m-b-tbm) A-]-IS-Øn-em-hp-sa-∂v \-Ωƒ t]-Sn-°p∂p-t≠m? A-Xv ]-d-bp-∂-Xv h-gn B-fl-ip-≤n tNm-cm-Xn-cn-°m-\m-bn \-Ωp-sS h-gn-tb h-cp-∂ A-[n-Imc-Øn-s‚ ku-P\ - y-߃ ssI-∏‰ - mXn-cp-∂m¬ t]m-tc?

]-d-™p-h-∂-Xv, ]p-d-Øv P-\m-b-Øw D≠m-hm≥ A-I-Øv P-\m-b-Øw th-≠n-h-cpw F-∂m-Wv. ap≥-hn-[n ap-t∂-bp-≈ hm-°m-Wv. ]-t£ A-sXm-cp ]-g-b hm-°-√. F-s‚ tNcn-°p-th-≠n am-{Xw hn-[n-°m-sX F-\n-°v C∂n-s\, (F-∂n-t\-bpw) Im-Wm≥ B-hp-tam? hn-tZz-j-Øn-s‚, sh-dp-∏n-s‚ cm-{„o-bw A-[n-Im-c-Øn-te-°v Hm-Sn-°-b-dm-hp-∂ ]-S-hpI-fm-hp-∂-Xv \-Ωƒ Im-Wp-∂p-≠v. sN-dp-]£-ß-sf sh-dp-°m≥ h-en-b ]-£-ß-sf ioen-∏n-®m¬ sN-dp tZ-i-ß-fpw h-en-b cm-Pyß-fpw hn-j-a-an-√m-sX t\-Smw F-∂-Xv \-Ωfn-t∏mƒ Im-Wp-∂ H-cp hn-P-bn-°p-∂ P-\mb-Ø-am-Wv. Np-‰p-ap-≈ sN-dp-]-£ a-\p-jy-cpsS th-Z-\ A-dn-bm-sX t]m-hp-∂ A-\-kv-tXjy-bpw Cu ]-cn-io-e-\-Øn¬ \¬-Ip-∂p-≠v. ]-£-ß-fn-se F-Æw t\m-°m-sX F-√m Xc-°m¿-°pw H-∂n-®n-cn-°m-hp-∂ ÿ-ea - m-Wv P\m-b-Øw F-∂-Xv a-d-°m-\p-f-f a-cp-∂pw B A-\-kv-tX-jym an-{in-X-Øn-ep-≠v F-∂pw \Ωƒ Im-Wp-∂p.

Cu sh-dp-∏n-s\ \-bn-°p-∂-h-tc-bpw shdp-∏m¬ \-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-tc-bpw \-Ωƒ shdp-Øv t]m-hp-∂n-t√? A-ß-s\ sh-dp-ØmB-Zy-sØ sh-dp-∏n-s\ Ip-d-bv-°m-t\m C-√mXm-°m-t\m I-gn-bp-tam? ]-£-am-bn A-\p-`hn-∏n-°p-I. hn-tZz-jw A-\p-`-hn-∏n-°p-I. hntZz-jw A-\p-`-hn-∏n-°p-I. ]-£-am-bn A-\p-`hn-∏n-°p-I. Cu B-h¿-Ø-\-߃ cm-{„o-b A-[n-Imc-Øn-s‚ G-‰h - pw e-fn-Xh - pw e-Lp-hp-am-b bp‡n-bpw A-[n-Im-c-an-√m-Ø-h-cp-sS ap≥-]nG-‰h - pw k-¶o¿-Æh - pw Kp-cp-Xc - h - p-am-b bp-‡nbn-√m-bv-a-bp-am-hp-∂p. hn-tZz-jw/ sh-dp-∏v F-∂ I-Æn A-h-tcbpw \-tΩ-bpw _-‘n-∏n-°p-∂ B-`n-Nm-c-amtWm? B I-Æn A-S¿-∂p-am-dm-sX Cu Nß-e ap-dn-bp-tam? sh-dp-∏n-s\ sh-dp-∏p-sIm≠v t\-cn-Sm≥ I-gn-bp-tam? sh-dp-∏n-s\ sh-dp∏p-sIm-≠v t\-cn-´m¬ sh-dp-∏n-√m-bva - P-bn-°ptam? hn-tZz-j-Øn-s‚ hn-]-co-Xw Xn-cn-®n-Sp-∂ hn-tZz-j-tam A-tXm kv-t\-l-tam? hn-tZz-j cm-{„o-b° - m-tcm-Sv hn-tZz-jw tXm∂p-I-tbm hn-tZz-j hn-Im-cw ]-d-™v B-sf Iq-´p-I-tbm sN-øp-∂-Xv hn-tZz-j cm-{„o-bw X-s∂-b-t√? Kp-W-Øn¬ am-‰-ap-t≠m? hn-a¿-i\ - w, hn-tbm-Pn-∏v F-∂o P-\m-bØ aq-ey-߃ hn-tZz-j-am-bn kw-{I-an-°p-∂pt≠m? D-s≠-¶n¬ F-hn-sS sh-®v F-∂v Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ I-gn-bp-tam? hn-tZz-jw F-∂ cm{„o-b (Po-hn-X) aq-ey-sØ am-‰n \n¿-Øn hntZz-jn-°p-∂ a-\p-jy-sc Iq-sS Iq-´p-hm≥ Ign-bp-tam? C-√m-sb-¶n¬ hn-tZz-jcm-{„o-bw F bpw hn-tZz-jcm-{„o-bw -_n bpw X-Ωnaq-ey-Øn¬ F-¥v A-¥-cw? C-cp]-£-hpw kI-e ]-£-hpw hn-tZz-j ]-£w B-bm¬ hntZz-jc-ln-X ]-£w F-hn-sS? \-ap-s°m-cp (]e) hn-tZz-jc-ln-X A-Y-hm kv-t\-l]-£ cm{„o-bw th-t≠?

tIm-hnUm-\-¥-c-hpw Un-Pn-‰¬ e-°-߃ a-Xn ]mTt`-Zw H-tŒm-_¿ e-°-Øn\v \-μn.

Un-Pn-‰¬ e-°-ß-sf-√mw \-∂m-hp-∂p-≠t√m. H-Xp-°-hpw I-\hp-ap-≈ a-s‰m-cp e-°w.

A-ar-Xv em-en-t‚-bpw tSm-an am-Xyp-hn-s‚-bpw X-I¿-∏≥ te-J\ - ß - ƒ.

F ]n Ip-™m-ap-hn-s‚ Km- ‘ n- b pw Xo- h - ≠ nbpw an- I - ® \n- c o- £ Ww. Pm-Xn-sb Ip-dn-®p≈ an-Øp-I-fp-sS hn-iI-e-\-a-S-°w H-s° anI-®-h. tSm-an-bp-sS ^mŒv sN-°v hn-Zym-`ym-k _n- √ n‚ Im- c y- Ø nIq-Sn th-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. I-hn-X-I-fpw tam-ia-√. sF-iz-cy A-e≥ C-Ø-h-W-bpw \-∂mbn. C-bmƒ i-cn-°pw \-gvk - v X-s∂-bm-Wt- √? kn. B¿ ]-c-ta-iz-c-s\ B-jv A-jn-Xsb-s°m-≠v ]q-in-b-Xv \-∂m-bn. tkm-jyao-Un-b-bn¬- \n-∂v F-∂ ap≥-Iq¿ Pm-ay-Ønem-W,v F-¶n-epw. tIm-hn-Um-\¥ - c - Im-eØ - pw ]n Un- F-^v X-s∂ a-Xn F-∂p ]-d-bm≥ tXm-∂n-∏n-°p-∂ hn-[w sI-´n-epw a-´n-epw am{X-a√ - , D-≈S- ° - Ø - n-epw an-I® - ]mT-t`-Zß - ƒ°v \-μn. kn Sn tI-i-h≥, ]-cn-bm-cw

F-ß-s\ h-∂p C-Ø-c-sam-cp te-J-\w? e-fn-X-hpw F-∂m¬ \n-in-X-hp-am-b io¿j-I-߃ sIm-≠v t]m-epw {]-tIm-]n-∏n-°pI-bpw C-S-s]-Sp-I-bpw sN-øp-∂ ]mT-t`-ZØn¬, Zp¿-{K-l-hpw Ir-{Xn-a-hp-am-bn F-gpXn-b "h-kv-{X-Øn-s‚ \-Kv-\-X, \-Kv-\-X-bp-sS h-k{-v X-hpw' F-∂ c-≠p e-°ß - f - n¬-h∂ - teJ-\w {]-Xo-£n-®n-√. hnjbw {]k‡w Xs∂ F∂m¬ `mjtbm? A-aq¿-Ø-X Ie-bn¬ B-hmw. `m-j-bn-em-hp-tºmƒ `m-jbp-sS e-£y-Øn-\p X-s∂ F-Xn-cm-hp-I-bmW-t√m. H-tcm h-cn-bpw Hm-tcm ^n-tem-k-^nbm-sW-∂ \m-Sy-Øn¬ F-gp-X-s∏-´ Cu teJ-\w ]-®-a-e-bm-f-Øn¬ ap-°n I-gp-In-sbSp-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ta-en-se-¶n-epw ]-{Xm-[n-]¿ {i-≤n-°p-a-t√m. a¨-kq¿, ]mhd´n

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

23

_n B¿ ]n bp-sS ]w-‡n B-cw-`n-°p-∂p

sI. _m-e-Ir-jv-W≥: \n-d-th-‰-s∏-Sm-™ hm-Kv-Zm-\w hn-

Zym¿-∞n-°m-e-Øv F-s‚ Xe-ap-d h-en-b hm-Kv-Zm-\-am-bn I-≠ hy-‡n-bm-Wv sI. _m-e-Ir-jvW≥. cm-{„o-b- cw-K-Øpw am-[y-a cw-K-Øpw A-t±-lw {i-t≤-b-am-b kw-`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬-In. ]-s£ BZy-Im-e hm-Kv-Zm-\w \n-d-th-‰m-sXbm-Wv 60˛mw h-b-kn¬ A-t±-lw hn-S hm-ßn-b-Xv. Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øv bq-Wn-thgv-kn-‰n tIm-tf-Pn¬ Rm≥ C‚¿ao-Un-tb-‰v hn-Zym¿-∞n-bm-bn-cn-°ptºmƒ _m-e≥ tem tIm-tf-Pv hnZym¿-∞n-bm-Wv-, bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n bq-Wn-b≥ sN-b¿-am-\pw. tem tIm-tf-Pv hn-Zym¿-∞n- t\Xm-°-fp-sS Iq-Sm-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. hnZym¿-∞n tIm¨-{K-km-Wv G-‰hpw h-en-b kw-L-S-\. A-Xn-s‚ kw-ÿm-\ A-≤y-£≥ a-lm-I-hn Ip-am-c-\m-im-s‚ a-I≥ sI. {]`m- I - c ≥ B- b n- c p- ∂ p. A- X n¬

sI. _m-e-Ir-jv-W≥

24

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

tIm¨-{K-kv A-\p-`m-hn-It- f-°mƒ Iq-Sp-X¬ tkm-jy-en-Ãv ]m¿-´ntbm-Spw tI-c-fm tkm-jy-en-Ãv ]m¿-´n-tbm-Spw Nm-bh v- p-≈h - c - m-bn-cp∂p. tIm¨-{K-kn¬\n-∂pw tIm¨- { K- k v tkm- j y- e n- Ã v ]m¿- ´ nbn¬\n-∂pw ]n.kn.tPm-jn-bp-sS t\- X r- X z- Ø n¬ ]p- d - Ø ph- ∂ kn.]n.sF A-Xn-\I - w hn-Zym¿-∞n s^-U-td-j≥ cq-]o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p.

A-Xn-s‚ kw-ÿm-\ A-≤y-£≥ ]n.sI. hm-kp-tZ-h≥-\m-bc - pw tem tIm-tf-Pn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. "tPm-jn]-£s - Ø H-‰s - ∏-Sp-Øp-I'F-∂X - mbn-cp-∂p hn-Zym¿-∞n tIm¨-{K-kns‚ H-cp {]-[m-\ ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw. k-a-c-ß-sf-√mw Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xv tem tIm-tf-Pn-em-Wv. tdm-Uv am¿§w P-Ωp-˛-Im-iv-ao-cn-te-°v t]m-b P-h-l¿-em¬ s\-lv-dp-hn-s\ kwÿm-\ A-Xn¿-Øn-bn¬ t]m-eo-kv X-S-s™-∂pw _-b-W-‰v sIm-≠v A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ I-hn-fn¬ ap-dn-hp≠m-sb-∂pw H-cp hm¿-Øm G-P≥kn dn-t∏m¿-´v sN-bv-Xp. A-t±-lw A-∂v C-S° - m-e k¿-°m-cn¬ sshkv {]-kn-U‚m-Wv. hn-h-c-a-dn-™D-S≥ tem tIm-tf-Pv hn-Zym¿-∞nIƒ ]Tn-∏pap-S-°n tLm-j-bm-{Xbm-bn bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n tIm-tfPn¬ h-∂v R-ß-sf C-d-°n. ]ns∂ R-ß-fpw A-h-cpw Iq-Sn hna≥-kv tIm-tf-Pn-se-Øn A-hn-SsØ Ip-´n-I-sf C-d-°n. A-Xn-\pti-jw Xn-cn-sI bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n tIm-tf-Pn-te-°v. A-hn-S-sØ Iq‰≥ -a-c-Øn-\p Xm-sg-bm-Wv {]-Xntj-[ -tbm-Kw. _m-e-Ir-jv-W≥ A-∂-hn-sS sN-bv-X {]-kw-Kw tI´-h-cp-sS a-\- n¬ C-t∏m-gpw {]-Xn[z-\n-°p-∂p-≠m-Ipw. "P-hl - ¿-ems\-{lp-hn-s‚ I-hnƒ-ØS- Ø - n¬ \n∂pw C-‰p-ho-W c-‡-Øp-≈n-I-

fn¬ \n-∂p-b-cp-∂ sIm-Sp-¶m-‰nIm-iva - o-cn-se-sb-∂√ - , C-¥y-bn-se H-cp In-co-S-hpw A-h-ti-jn-°n-s√'∂ ap-∂-dn-bn-∏v A-t±-lw \¬In. s\-{lp-hn-s‚ C-f-b k-tlmZ-cn Ir-jvW - m l-Øo-kn-Mv Zn-hm≥ kn.]n. cm-a-kzm-an A-ø-cp-sS AXn-Yn-bm-bn Xn-cp-h-\-¥]p-c-Øv h∂p. A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ h-k-Xn-bm-b `-‡n-hn-em-k-Øn-em-Wv Xm-a-kw. tem tIm-tf-Pv {]n≥-kn-∏¬ hnZym¿-∞n-I-sf A-`n-kw-t_m-[-\ sN-øm≥ A-h-sc £-Wn-®p. H-cp Hu-tZymKn-I hm-l\-Øn¬ Ir-jvWm l-Øo-kn-Mv F-Øn-b-t∏mƒ _m-e-Ir-jv-W-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn{]-Xn-tj-[ {]-I-S-\w \-S-∂p. hml-\-Øn-s‚ ^p-´v-t_m¿-Un¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠v _m-e≥ hn-fn-®v ]-d™p: "`-‡n-hn-em-k-Øn¬ \n-∂v C-d-ßn h-cq! R-ß-fp-sS A-Xn-Ynbm-bn a-kv-I-‰v tlm-´-en¬ Xm-akn°q.'

A-¥-co-£w kw-L¿-j-`-cn-Xam-bn-cp-∂p. sk-{I-t´-dn-b-‰n-\p kao-]w A-°u-≠‚ v P-\-d-en-s‚ B-∏o-kv ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂ sI-´n-SØn-em-Wv A-∂v tem tIm-tf-Pv {]h¿-Øn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. H-cp t]m-eo-kv kw-Lw tIm-tf-Pv tIm-ºu-≠nD-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F-√mw \n-co-£n-®psIm-≠v ]n¬-°m-e-Øv tI-c-fm t]m-eo-kv ta-[m-hn-bm-b Pn-√m t]m-eo-kv kq-{]-≠v Fw.tKm-]m-e\pw. t]m-eo-kv {]-I-S-\w X-S-™n√. hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-fp-sS `m-K-Øp\nt∂m t]m-eo-kn-s‚ `m-K-Øp\nt∂m H-c-{I-a-hpw D-≠m-b-Xp-an-√.

Im-º-kn¬ C-Sn-ap-dn-bpw B-bp-[∏p-cb - pw D-≈ Im-ea - m-bn-cp-∂n-√ AXv. Izn-‰v C-¥ym k-ac - Ø - n-se hoc-\m-bn-I A-cp-Wm B-k-^-en

kw-ÿm-\w k-μ¿-in-®-t∏mƒ _me≥ A-h¿-s°m-∏w k-©-cn-°p-I-bpw A-h-cp-sS {]-kw-K-߃ a-e-bm-f-Ønte-°v ]-cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw sN-bvXp. ]n-∂o-Sv B bm-{X-sb°p-dn-®v Bth-it- Øm-sS F-gp-Xp-Ib - pw sN-bvX - p.

A-—≥ kn. tI-i-h-s‚ ]m¿-´n-bmb tIm¨-{K-kv Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬ A[n-Im-cØ - n-te-°v {]-th-in-°m≥ t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p, A-Xv _m-e-Ir-jv-Ws\ B-I¿-jn-®n-√. A-t±-lw tI-c-fm tkm-jy-en-Ãv ]m¿-´n-bn¬ tN¿-∂p. \nc-h-[n sN-dp-∏-°m-sc B ]m¿-´n BI¿-jn-®-Xv A-Xv am¿-Iv-kn-kw-˛se-\n\n-kw kzo-Ic - n-°p-Ib - pw Ãm-en-\n-kw Xn-c-kv-I-cn-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-X-Xp-sIm≠m-Wv. {]m-tZ-in-I cm-{„o-b-Øn¬ HXp-ßm≥ A-h¿ B-{K-ln-®n-√. A-Xns‚ ^-e-am-bn sI.F-kv.]n-bn-se {]_-e hn-`m-Kw _w-Km-fn¬ k-am-\- Nn-¥m-K-Xn-°m¿ cq-]o-I-cn-® sd-shm-eyqj-\-dn tkm-jy-en-Ãv]m¿-´n-bn¬ e-bn®p. ]n-∂o-Sv _m-eI - r-jvW - ≥ H-cn-°Xn-cp-sIm-®n \n-b-a-k-`-bn-epw a-s‰m-cn°¬ tem-Ivk` - b - n-epw Aw-Ka - m-bn. {]`m-jI - s - \-∂ \n-eb - n¬ hn-Pb - a - m-bn-cps∂-¶n-epw ]m¿-e-sa‚-dn cw-K-Øv At±-lw tim-`n-®n-√. ]-e ta-J-e-I-fn¬ H-tc k-a-bw hym-]-cn-®-Xn-s‚ ^-e-am-bn H-∂n-epw {]m-]y-am-b Hu-∂X - y-Øn-se-Øm≥ Ign-bm-™ {]-Xn-`-I-fp-≠v. B Iq-´Øn¬ s]-Sp-∂ H-cm-fm-Wv _m-e-IrjvW - ≥. sN-dp-∏-Øn¬ X-s∂ ]-{X-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ A-t±-lw kz-¥-am-b CSw I-s≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. A-t±-l-Øns‚ Iu-ap-Zn hm-cn-I B Im-e-L-´Øn-se H-cp h-en-b kw-`h - a - m-bn-cp-∂p. \n-c-h-[n F-gp-Øp-Im¿ B hm-cn-I-bneq-sS-bm-Wv X-߃-°v hm-b-\-°m-cpsS ap-∂n-se-Øm≥ I-gn-™-sX-∂v tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Iu-ap-Zn-bp-sS HmW-∏-Xn-∏p-Iƒ C-t∏m-gpw tI-c-fw Hm¿°p-∂p-≠-t√m. tI-c-f-Øn-se C-S-Xp ]-cn-kc - w cq-]s - ∏-Sp-Øp-∂X - n¬ Iu-apZn h-ln-® ]-¶v h-ep-Xm-Wv. _m-e-Ir-jv-W-\v hm-Kv-Zm-\w \n-dth-‰m-\m-Im-™-Xv ]-e ta-J-e-I-fnhym-]m-cn-®X - p-sIm-≠p am-{X-a√ - . A-Xn\v Nn-e hy-‡n-]-c-am-b Im-c-W-ß-fpap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F-¶n-epw {i-≤ ]-{X{]-h¿-Ø\ - Ø - n¬ tI-{μo-Ic - n-®n-cp-s∂¶n¬ A-]-N-bw kw-`-hn-® tI-c-fØn-se C-S-Xp cm-{jo-b-Øn¬ H-cp Xn-cp-ج i-‡n F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ KpW-]-c-am-b kzm-[o\w sN-ep-Øm≥ A-t±-l-Øn-\v I-gn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

hn-h-cm-h-Im-i \n-b-aw Hm¿-a-bn-ep-t≠m?

I-fw cm-P≥

A-[n-Im-cw P-\-ß-fn-te-°v F-∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-Øn-s‚ A-tXIm-e-Øv tI-c-f-Øn-\v ]p-d-Øv a-s‰m-cp ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p, P-\-kp-hm-bv. A-Xv ]n-∂o-Sv \n-b-a-am-bn, A-dn-bm-\p-≈ Ah-Im-i-am-bn \mw t\-Sn-bn-´v 15 sIm-√-am-bn. ]-√v sIm-gn-s™mSp-ßp-I X-s∂-bm-tWm A-dn-bm-\p-≈ A-h-Im-i-Øn-s‚ KXnbpw?

A-dn-bm-\p-≈ A-hI - m-i\ - n-ba - w sh-dpw hn-hc - ssI-am-‰Ø - n\-∏p-dw P-\-߃ C-S-s]-Sp-∂, k¿-°m¿ kw-hn-[m-\-sØ \nb-a] - c - a - m-bn {]-Xy-£a - m-bpw ]-tcm-£a - m-bpw hn-Nm-cW - sN-øm≥ I-gn-bp-∂ X-c-Øn¬ h-en-b km-[y-X-Iƒ Xp-d-∂p-X-∂n-cp-∂p. {]m-Y-an-I X-e-Øn¬ hn-h-cm-h-Im-i C-S-s]-S-en-eq-sS \n-ch-[n {]-iv-\-]-cn-lm-c-߃ km-[m-c-W P-\-߃-°p km-[y-amhp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬ hn-h-c-e-`y-X D-d-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\v in£m-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°m≥ _m-[y-X-s∏-´ hn-h-cm-h-Im-i IΩo-j\ - p-Iƒ dn-´b - ¿-sN-b-v X-h-bv-°p-≈ sXm-gn-ep-d∏v kw-hn-[m-\a - m-°n X-I¿°p-I-bm-Wv. Hm-tcm h¿j-hpw hn-h-cm-h-Im-i \nb-a-hp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´ hm¿-jn-I dn-t∏m¿-´p-Iƒ k-`b - p-sS ta-i∏ - p-dØ - v hcp-∂p-≠v. A-Ø-cw H-cp dn-t∏m¿-´v k-a-bm-k-a-b-ß-fn¬ ]-cntim-[n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xpw N¿-®-bm-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv. C-h-sbm-∂pw \-S-°p-∂n-√. hn-h-cm-h-Im-i A-t]-£ sIm-Sp-Ø-h-sc ]-c-kyam-bn B-t£-]n-°p-∂ {]-Xn-I-c-W-ß-fpw h-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn°p∂p. ]u-c-k-aq-lw G-ev-]n-® D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃ \n¿-Δ-ln-°m\p-≈-h-cm-Wv `-c-W-I¿-Øm-°ƒ. Hu-tZym-Kn-I Np-a-X-e-I-fnC-cp-∂p ]-d-bp-∂-sX-¥pw H-cp tc-J-bp-sS ]n≥-_-e-tØm-sSbm-h-Ww. A-Xv A-dn-bm≥ P-\-߃-°v A-h-Im-i-hp-ap-≠v. \nb-am-\p-k-c-W {]-{In-b-bn-eq-sS cq-]-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv Hm-tcm ]≤-Xn-bpw. hn-h-cm-h-Im-i \n-b-a-Øn-s‚ G-‰-hpw Im-X-em-b `mKw 4˛mw h-Ip-∏m-Wv. A-Xn-se 1 se (kn) ""s]m-Xp-P-\-ß-sf _m-[n-°p-∂ \-b-߃ cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºm-gpw Xo-cp-am-\-߃ {]-Jym-]n-°p-tºm-gpw {]-k-‡-am-b F-√m h-kv-Xp-X-I-fpw ]-cky-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv'' F-∂m-Wv ]-d-bp-∂-Xv. F-∂m¬ hn-hcm-h-Im-i-Øn-\v A¿-l-X-bp-≈ Im-e-Øv ]u-c-∑m-sc C-cp-´-Øv \n¿-Øn-bm-Wv tIm-Sn-Iƒ sN-e-hp h-cp-∂ Xp-c-¶-]m-X-I-fpw sI.sd-bn-ep-sa-√mw {]-Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xv. hn-h-cm-h-Im-i-Øn-s‚ t]-cn¬ tZ-io-b-X-e-Øn¬ I-gn-™ 15 h¿-j-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ 86 t]¿ sIm-√-s∏-Sp-I-bpw 175 t]¿ B{I-a-Øn-\n-c-bm-hp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp-sh-∂m-Wv I-W-°v. B-fl-lXy-Iƒ th-sd-bp-ap-≠v. H-cp \n-b-a-Øn-s‚ t]-cn¬ C-{X-am-{Xw A-{I-a-߃ D-≠mhp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ A-Xn-s‚ i-‡n-bpw kzm[o-\-hpw Nn-√-d-b-s√-∂p-d-∏m-Wt√m.

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`-£y-h-kv-Xp-°-fp-sS D-ev-]m-Z-\-hpw \n-b-{¥-W-hpw Nn-√-d G¿-∏m-S-√.

A-Xv \n-b{- ¥n-°p-hm≥, ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-°m≥ B-scm-s°-tbm C-dß - n-∏pd-s∏-´n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]p-Xn-b Im¿-jn-I \n-b-a-ß-tfm-Sv ]mT-t`-Z-hpw A-e-k-tam? I-gn-™ e-°-Øn-se hn-i-I-e-\w hn-a¿-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

]p-Xn-b Im¿-jn-I \n-b-a-߃ :N¿-® sN-tø-≠-Xv a-‰p Nn-e-Xv hn-t\m-Zv-Ip-am¿ ]n

]mT-t`-Zw H-Iv-tSm-_¿ e-°-

{]kmZv cm[mIrjvW≥

Øn¬ tSm-an am-Xyp tI-{μ-k¿°m¿ Cu-bn-sS ]m- m-°n-b Im¿jn-I- \n-b-a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v F-gp-Xnb te-J-\w hm-bn-®p. A-sXm-cp s]m-Xp cm-jv{- So-b hn-eb - n-cp-Øe - mbm-Wv a-\- n-em-b-Xv. ]-t£, tIc-f-Øn-se km-[m-c-W I¿-j-I¿°pw I¿-j-I-sØm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ°pw A-h-sc A-sX-ß-s\ _m[n-°pw F-∂p-Iq-Sn N¿-® sN-ø-

26

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s∏-tS-≠-Xp-≠v. {]-tXy-In-®pw Ah-sc A-Xv ]-d-™v t_m-[y-s∏-SpØm≥ Np-a-X-e-bp-≈ cm-jv-{So-b]m¿-´n-I-fp-sS _-lp-P-\- kw-L-S\-I-fpw am-[y-a-ß-fpw A-Xn-te¿s∏-Sm-Ø ÿn-Xn-°v.

Cu \n-b-a-߃ s]m-Xp-sh hm-bn-®m¬ I¿-j-I-sc k-lm-bn°p-hm≥ th-≠n C-{X \-√ \n-baw C-¥y-bn¬ C-Xp-h-sc h-∂n-´n√-t√m F-∂v tXm-∂n-t∏m-Ipw. I¿j-I¿ I-gn-™m¬ ]n-s∂ Cu \nb-a-Øn¬ G-‰-hpw Iq-Sp-X¬ N¿® sN-ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv I¿-j-I-

cp-sS ÿm-]-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®m-Wv. (I-gn-™ ]-Øp-h¿-j-am-bn tI´pXp-S-ßn-bn-´p-≈ I¿-j-I-cp-sS Dev-]m-Z-I-kw-L-߃) Cu ÿm-]\-ß-fpw I¿-j-I-cpw Iq-Sn-t®¿-∂v Im¿-jn-I k-º-Zv hy-h-ÿ-sb ASn-ap-Sn ]-cn-jv-°-cn-®v kw-c-£n°m≥ t]m-Ip-∂p F-∂m-Wv tXm∂p-I. Iq-Sp-X¬ B-g-Øn-te-°v t]m-Ip-tºmƒ B-Wv Nn-e B-i¶-Iƒ ]p-d-tØ-°v h-cnI. B-Zyw-Xs - ∂ I¿-jI - t- cm-Sp-≈ kv-t\-lw. G-sX-¶n-epw Im¿-jn-I D¬-∏-∂-Øn-\v hn-e Iq-Sn-bmk¿-°m¿ B-h-s´, \-Ωp-sS s]mXp k-aq-lw B-h-s´, A-Xn-s\ F-ß-s\-bm-Wv F-Sp-°m-dp-≈-Xv? C-t∏mƒ D-≈n-bp-sS hn-e Iq-Sns°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F-¥n-\mWv D-≈n hn-e Iq-Sp-tºmƒ C-{Xbv-°v _-l-fw D-≠m-°p-∂-Xv? icm-i-cn C-¥y-°m-c-s‚ hm¿-jn-I sN-eh - n-s‚ sN-dn-sbm-cp i-Xa - m-\w am-{X-am-Wv D-≈n F-∂v Hm¿-°pI. A-tX-k-a-bw Uo-k¬ t\m°p-I, hn-e {I-am-Xo-X-am-bn Iq-SpI-bm-Wv. A-¥m-cm-{„ hn-]-Wn-bnse s]-t{Sm-fn-bw hn-ebvv-°v A-\pk-cn-®v B-Wv C-hn-Sp-sØ Uok¬ hn-e F-∂p]-d-™v hn-iz-kn∏n-®n-´v, C-t∏mƒ A-¥m-cm-{„ hn]-Wn-bn-se hn-e Xp-S¿-®b - m-bn Ipd-bp-tºmƒ A-Xn-\p hn-]-co-X-ambn Uo-k¬ hn-e Iq-´n-s°m-≠n-cn°p-I-bm-Wv, {]-Xn-tj-[n-°p-hm≥ t]m-epw ]-‰m-Ø Cu A-h-ÿbn¬! F-¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv F-fp-∏Øn¬ Ip-d-bv-°m-hp-∂ Uo-khn-e-bn¬ H-∂pw sN-øm-Ø-Xv?

D-≈nhn-e Ip-d-°m-\p-≈ ]-cm{I-aw B-tcm-Sm-Wv? C-t∏mƒ hn-e Iq-Sm-\p-≈ Im-cW - w F-¥m-Wv? Gjy-bn-se G-‰-hpw h-en-b D-≈n-hn]-Wn-bm-b \m-kn-°n-s‚ ]-cn-k-cØv D-≈n Ir-jnsN-øp-∂ H-cp-]mSv {]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Cu h¿-jw Akm-[m-cW - a - m-b a-g s]-øp-Ib - m-Wv. \-s√m-cp i-X-am-\w Ir-jn \-in-®pt]m-bm¬ I¿-j-I-cp-sS A-h-ÿ F-¥m-bn-cn-°pw? H-cp D-ev] - ∂ - Ø - ns‚ D-Xv-]m-Z-\w Ip-d-bp-tºmƒ hne Iq-Sp-I F-∂p-≈-Xv km-[m-c-W

sXm-gn-em-fn-bp-sS tk-h-\-hpw hf-ß-fpw B-Wv. C-Xpt]m-sem-cp hy-Xym-kw Im¿-jn-tIm¬-∏-∂-ßfp-sS hn-eb - n¬ h-∂n-´p-t≠m? Cu km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ F-¥p-sIm-≠mWv B-fp-Iƒ Ir-jn-bn¬\n-∂v ]n≥-hm-ßp-∂-Xv F-∂v F-fp-∏Øn¬ a-\- n-em-°m≥ ]-‰p-a-t√m!

I¿-j-I-sc k-lm-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn G-‰-hpw F-fp-∏-Øn¬ sN-ømhp-∂ Im-cy-߃ F-¥m-Wv? I¿j-I sXm-gn-em-fn-bp-sS th-X\ - w \nb-{¥n-°m≥ ]m-Sn-√. h-f-ß-fp-sS

hn-]W - n-bp-sS kz-`m-ha - m-Wv. I¿-jI-\v, hn-f-hv \-in-® A-h-ÿ-bnIn-´p-∂ h-cp-am-\w sIm-≠p-th-Ww A-bm-fp-sS Ip-Spw-_w kw-c-£n°p-hm-\pw, A-Sp-Ø hn-fh - v C-d° - phm-\pw A-t∏mƒ hn-e Iq-SnbmA-bmƒ-°v k-lm-b-am-hn-t√? AXv A-\p-h-Zn-°-e-t√ I¿-j-I-tcmSv kv-t\-l-ap-≈ k-aq-lw sN-tø≠ Im-cyw?

H-cp km-[m-c-W I¿-j-I sXmgn-em-fn-°v H-cp Zn-h-kw F-{X cq-] th-X-\w sIm-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p? H-cp Intem bq-dn-bm-bp-sS hn-e F-¥m-bncp-∂p? H-cp In-tem A-cn-bp-sS/ Hcp tX-ß-bp-sS hn-e? Cu Im-eb-f-hn¬ I¿-j-I-sØm-gn-em-fn-bpsS th-X-\w 5 -˛10 a-S-ßv Iq-Sn-bn´p-≠v, bq-dn-b t]m-ep-≈ h-f-ß-fpsS hn-e 10˛-20 a-S-ßv Iq-Sn-bn-´p≠v. Ir-jn-°v B-h-iy-am-b {]-[m\-s∏-´ c-≠p Im-cy-߃ - I¿-j-I

tem-Iw `-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv s]t{Sm-fn-bw D-X]v- ∂ - ß - t- fm \yq-¢n-b¿ B-bp-[ß - t- fm km-t¶-Xn-I hn-Zy I-øn-ep≈-tXm B-b cm-Py-ßf- mbn-cp-∂p. Im-em-h-ÿ hyXn-bm-\-Øn-s‚ B-Lm-X߃ Iq-Sp-∂, F-√mw XIn-Sw-ad- n-°p-∂, a-lm-am-cnbp-sS Im-et- Øm? `-£yh-kX -v p-°f- m-Wv Cu Im-eb-fh- n¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ kv{- Sm‰-Pn-Iv B-bn am-dp-∂-Xv. hn-e \n-b-{¥n-®p Iq-sS? kzm-X-{¥ym-\-¥-c C-¥y-bnse k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ, ]m-h-s∏-´-h¿°v `-£-Ww D-d-∏m-°m-\p-≈ s]m-

Xp hn-Xc - W - k-{º-Zm-bØ - n-\pw cq]w sIm-Sp-Øp. C-Xn-\m-h-iy-am-bn´p-≈ `-£y-h-kv-Xp-°-fp-sS kw-`c-Ww D-d-∏m-°m-\p-≈ ÿm-]-\߃-°pw cq]w sIm-Sp-Øp. Cu kw-hn-[m-\Ø - n-s‚ H-cp {]-[m-\s - ∏´ H-cp `m-K-am-Wv `-£y-h-kv-Xp-°fp- s S Xm- ß phn- e . C- X n- s \m- c p ÿn-cw kw-hn-[m-\w D-≠v. Hm-tcm Im¿-jn-tIm-Xv] - ∂ - Ø - n-\pw h-cp-∂ b-Ym¿-∞ D-Xv-]m-Z-\ sN-e-hv IW-°m-°n A-Xn-t\m-Sv sN-dn-sbmcp em-`-hpw Iq-´n-t®¿-Øm-Wv Xmßp-hn-e \n-›-bn-°p∂-Xv. k¿-°m-cp-Iƒ C-hn-S-sØ ]m-h-s∏-´ I¿-jI - ¿-°v \¬-In-bncp-∂ D-d-∏m-Wv Cu k-{º-Zm-bw. C-Xn-s\ B-kv-]-Z-am-°n-bm-Wv \-Ωp-sS s]m-Xp hn-Xc-W irw-J-e-bpw {]h¿-Øn-°p-∂X - v.

Cu tIm- h n- U v tem-Iv-Uu¨ Im-eL-´-Øn-epw `m-c-XØn-se {Km-ao-W-sc C-{X-sb-¶n-epw kw-c£n- ® v \n¿- Ø n- b - X v s]m-Xp hn-Xc - W - irwJ-e-bpw tZ-io-b {Kmao-W sXm-gn-ep-d-∏v ]≤-Xn-bpw B-W-t√m. ]p-Xn-b Im¿-jn-I \nb-a-ß-fp-sS H-cp {]tXy-IX - A-h Xm-ßphn-es - b Ip-dn-®v kq-Nn∏n-°p-∂-tX-bn-√ F-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂v am-{X-hp-a-√ I-gn-™ 12 am-kß-fn-se hn-e-bp-sS i-cm-i-cn, hne \n¿-Æb - n-°p-∂X - n-\p-≈ am¿-°‰v C‚-en-P≥-kv Xp-S-ßn-b ]p-Xnb kw-hn-[m-\ß - s - f-°p-dn-®m-Wv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. C-Xv hy-‡-am-°p-∂-Xv Xm-ßp-hn-e k-{º-Zm-bw D-t]-£n°p-∂p F-∂v X-s∂-bm-W-t√m.

Xm-ßp-hn-e C-s√-¶n¬ tI-cf-Øn¬ A-h-ti-jn-°p-∂ hn-fIƒ-°v F-¥v kw-`-hn-°p-∂p F∂v t\m-°mw. \m-fn-tI-c-Øn-s‚ Cu h¿-j-sØ Xm-ßp-hn-e 27 cq]-bm-Wv. I-gn-™ G-{]n¬, ta-bv am-kß-fn¬ I-®h - S- w H-∂p-an-√m-Ø ka-b-ß-fn¬ Iq-Sn tX-ß-bp-sS hne Ip-d-™v 28 cq-] h-sc-sb-Øn.

A-Xn-s‚ Xm-tg-°v t]m-bn-√. Ct∏mƒ A-Xv D-b¿-∂v 36 cq-] hsc F-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.

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C-\n-bpw D-b-cmw. In-tem-hn-\v 50 cq-] h-sc I-gn-™ h¿-j-ßfn¬ In-´n-bn-´p-≠v. C-tXk-a-bw A-¥c - m-{„ hn-]W - n-bn¬ \m-fn-tIc-Øn-s‚ hn-e 18 cq-]-bm-Wv. F¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv C-¥y-bn-se I¿j-I¿-°v \m-fn-tI-c-Øn-\v Cu hne e-`n-®n-cp-∂-Xv F-∂v hy-‡-amW-t√m. tem-I-Øn¬ G-‰-hpw Iq-SpX¬ \m-fn-tI-cw D-Xv] - m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂ {]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ H-∂m-Wv tI-c-fw.

H-cp h¿-jw 530 tIm-Sn. \-Ωp-sS sXm-´S- p-Øv X-s∂ X-an-g\ v- m-Spw I¿Æm-S-I-hp-ap-≠v. \m-fn-tI-c-Øn-s‚ hn-e-Ø-I¿-® h-∂m¬ Z-£n-tW¥y-bn-se, tI-c-f-Øn-se I¿-j-Icp-sS ÿn-Xn F-¥m-hpw? s\-√n-\v F-¥v kw-`-hn-°p-sa∂p-w t\m-°mw. i-cm-i-cn sN-e-hv H-cp hn-f-bv-°v G-°-dn-\v 35000 cq]-sb-¶n-epw h-cpw. H-tc-°-dn¬ \n∂v i-cm-i-cn 2000 In-tem s\-√mWv In-´p-∂-Xv. Xm-ßp-hn-e {]-Imcw k¿-°m¿ kw-`-cn-®m¬ 52600 cq-]. Xm-ßp-hn-e-bpw A-X-\p-k-cn®p-≈ kw-`c - W - h - pw C-s√-¶n¬ I¿j-I-\v ap-S-°n-b ]-Ww Xn-cn-®v In´n-√. tI-c-f-Øn¬ A-h-ti-jn-°p∂ s\¬-h-b-ep-Iƒ Iq-Sn X-cnimIpw. ]p-Xn-b \n-ba - ß - ƒ hy-hÿ m]n-X-am-°m≥ t\m-°p-∂-Xv h≥-InS ]m-´-°r-jn-tb-bm-Wv. ]-e Im-cW-ß-fm¬ tI-c-f-Øn¬ ]m-´-°rjn {]m-tb-W Ip-d-hm-Wv. ta¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-® t]m-ep-≈ {]-iv-\-߃ \m-fn-tI-c-Øn-epw s\-√n-epw _m[n-®m¬, `q-an X-cn-in-´m¬, I¿-jI-\v ap-S-°p-∂-Xv Xn-cn-®v In-´m-Xncp-∂m¬ Cu A-h-ÿ am-dpw. AXn-\p-≈ km-lN - c - y-am-Wv Cu Im¿jn-I \n-b-a-߃ H-cp-°p-∂-Xv. CXn-s‚ {]-tXy-I-X-Iƒ Iq-Sn t\m-

28

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°mw.

1. A-©p h¿-j-Øn¬ Iq-SpX¬ Im-eb - f - h - p-≈ Zo¿-LI - m-e hnf-Iƒ-°v A-\n-›n-X Im-e-tØ-°v I-cm¿ sh°mw 2. I-cm¿ sh-°p-tºmƒ X-s∂ Im-em-h[ - n-°p-≈n¬ kw-`h - n-°m-hp∂ {]-iv-\-߃ - Im-em-h-ÿm hyXn-bm-\w, tcm-K Io-S _m-[-Iƒ, a-lm-am-cn-Iƒ Xp-S-ßn-b-h ap≥-Iq´n \n¿-Δ-Nn-°m-\pw A-Xn-\v A-\pk-cn-®p-≈ {]-Xn-hn-[n-Iƒ \n¿-t±in-°p-hm-\pw I¿-j-I≥ {i-≤n-°Ww. C-Xv hn-´pt]m-bm¬ I¿-j-I\m-Wv D-Ø-c-hm-Zn! tIm-hn-Uv ap≥Iq-´n Im-Wm≥ \-ap-s°-√mw I-gn™-t√m !!

3. I-cm¿ hy-h-ÿ-I-fn¬ X¿°w h-∂m¬ ]-cn-l-cn-°p-hm≥ c≠v h-gn-I-fm-Wv \n¿-t±-in-®n-cn-°p∂-Xv. k-_v Un-hn-j-W¬ a-Pn-kvt{S-‰v \n¿-t±-in-°p-∂ X¿-° ]-cnlm-c t_m¿-Uv. C-Xn-te-°v H-t∂m c-t≠m t]-sc I¿-jI - \ - pw Xp-eyw B-fp-I-sf ]m-´-Øn-s\-Sp-°p-∂ Iº-\n-°pw \n¿-t±-in-°mw. C-hn-sS ]-cn-lm-cw B-bn-s√-¶n¬ Pn-√m If-Œ¿ \n¿-t±-in-°p-∂ k-am-\ coXn-bn-ep-≈ H-cp t_m¿-Uv D-≠v.

4. ta¬-∏-d-™ t_m¿-Uv Xocp-am-\-ß-tfm I-cm¿ hy-h-ÿ-Itfm km-[m-c-W \o-Xn\ym-b hy-hÿ-bn¬, tIm-S-Xn-I-fn¬ tNm-Zyw sN-øm≥ ]m-Sp-≈-X-√. B-sc klm-bn-°m-\m-Wv Cu hy-h-ÿIƒ? a-s‰m-∂v h≥-tXm-Xn¬ ]m-´I - rjn h-∂m¬ \-ap-°v F-¥v kw-`-hn°p-sa-∂m-Wv. G-°-dn-\v 10,000 cq] ]m-´w sIm-Sp-Øm¬ C-t∏mƒ X-s∂ km-[m-c-W I¿-j-I-sc-√mw s\¬-∏m-Sw hn-´p-sIm-Sp-°pw. h≥In-S I-º-\n-°m¿-°v G-‰-hpw an-I® km-t¶-Xn-I hn-Zy-bpw b-{¥-ß-

fpw G-Xp X-cw hnØp- I - f pw hn- j - ß fpw D-]-tbm-Kn-®v Irjn sN-ømw. A-Xn-t\°p- d n- ® v N¿- ® \- S Øp-It- bm hn-hm-Zß - fn¬ G¿-s∏-Sp-It- bm H-∂pw th-≠.

A- ß - s \ 5- ˛ 10 sIm-√w A-h¿ Ir-jn sN-bvXpt]m-bm¬ ]ns∂ \-ap-°v ]-gb - Irjn-bn-te-°v Xn-cn-®v t]m-Im≥ ]-‰p-tam?

A-Xn-\p-≈ hn-Øp-Ifpw sXm-gn-em-fn-If - pw A-dn-hpw a-Æpw A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b B-hm-k hy-h-ÿ-bpw _m-°n-bp≠m-hn-√. \-Ωp-sS km-[m-c-W I¿j-I sXm-gn-em-fn Ip-Spw-_ß - ƒ-°v F-¥v kw-`-hn-°pw? \n-b-a-Øn-s‚ th-sdm-cp k-hnti-jX - `-£y-hk - vX - p-°f - p-sS kw`-c-W cw-K-Øm-Wv. G-Xv I-º-\n°pw G-Xv D-Xv-]-∂-hpw A-h¿-°v C-„-s∏-Sp-∂ hn-e-°v F-{X th-Wsa-¶n-epw hm-ßn kq-£n-°mw, hn¬-°mw, hn¬-°m-Xn-cn-°mw. CsX-√mwIq-Sn F-tßm-´m-Wv \-Ωs - f sIm-≠p t]m-Ip-∂-Xv? C-∂v C-¥y-bp-sS I-cp-X¬ `£y-[m-\yw 73.85e-£w S¨ BWv. C-Xv F-√m h¿-j-hpw Xm-ßp hn-e-°v kw-`-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw ASp-Ø h¿-jw s]m-Xp-hn-Xc - W - irwJ-e-bn-eq-sS hn-X-c-Ww sN-ø-s∏Sp-I-bpw sN-øp-∂p. C-Xpam-dn hcp-∂ tem-I-Øv H-cp {]-[m-\-s∏-´ kw-K-Xn-bm-Wv. tem-Iw `-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv s]-t{Smfn-bw D-Xv-]-∂-ß-tfm \yq-¢n-b¿ B-bp-[-ß-tfm km-t¶-Xn-I hn-Zy I-øn-ep-≈-tXm B-b cm-Py-ß-fmbn-cp-∂p. Im-em-h-ÿ hy-Xn-bm-\Øn-s‚ B-Lm-X-߃ Iq-Sp-∂, F-√mw X-In-Sw-a-dn-°p-∂, a-lm-amcn-bp-sS Im-e-tØm? `-£y-hk - X v- p-°f - m-Wv Cu Ime-b-f-hn¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ kv-{Sm-‰-Pn-Iv B-bn am-dp-∂-Xv. `-£y-h-kv-Xp-°fp-sS D-Xv] - m-Z\ - h - pw \n-b¥ - W - h - pw H-cp Nn-√-d G¿-∏m-S-√ F-∂v hy‡w. A-Xv \n-b-{¥n-°p-hm≥, ]nSn-s®-Sp-°m≥ B-scm-s°-tbm Cd-ßn ]p-d-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. A-h¿-°v hgn-sbm-cp-°m-\m-Wv ]p-Xn-b \n-b-a߃ sIm-≠p h-∂n-cn-°p-∂s - X-∂v hy-‡-am-W-t√m.

]-´n-IP - m-Xn-˛h- ¿-§ hn-`m-Kß - ƒ G-Ik - z-`m-ha- p-≈ Pm-Xn-It- fm k-aql-ß-tfm A-√, A-Xn-\m¬ -Zfn-Xv kw-h-c-W-Øn-epw th-Ww kw-h-cW-sa-∂ hn-[n-sb, {]-t£m-`-sØ tI-c-fw t]-Sn-°p-∂-sX-¥n-\v?

]-´n-IP - m-Xn˛-]´- n-Ih- ¿-§ ¢m- n-^n-t°-j-s\ `b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-cv? hn hn A-`n-em-jv

2020 Hm-K-Ãv 27 \v P-Ãn-kv A-cp¨ an-{i A-[y-£-\m-bp-≈ kp-{]ow tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS A-©w-K `-c-W-L-S-\m s_-©v C-¥y-bn-se ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn, ]-´n-I-h¿-§ k-ap-Zm-bß-fp-sS kw-h-c-W-hp-am-bn _-‘s∏-´ ]-c-a-{]-[m-\-am-b H-cp hn-[n ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu hn-[n-bn¬ ]-db - p-∂X - v C-¥y-bn-se ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn˛]-´n-I-h¿-§ hn-`m-K߃ G-I kz-`m-h-ap-≈ Pm-Xn-Itfm k-aq-l-ß-tfm A-√. Scheduled Caste/Tribe F-∂p-]-d-bp-∂Xv `-c-W-L-S-\-bp-sS H-cp {]-tXyI sj-Uyq-fn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn°p-∂, Pm-Xo-b-am-b A-bn-Ø-hpw sXm-´p-Iq-Sm-bv-a-bpw t\-cn-´n-´p-≈

F-√m Pm-Xn-I-sf-bpw tN¿-Øn-´mWv. F-∂m¬ C-¥y-bn-se G-Xp kw-ÿm-\w ]-cn-K-Wn-®m-epw Ahn-sS-bp-≈ ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn, ]-´n-I-h¿§ hn-`m-K-߃-°n-S-bn-ep-≈ kmaq-ln-I-hpw km-º-Øn-I-hp-am-b A-¥-cw h-f-sc h-ep-Xm-sW-∂p Im-Wm≥ I-gn-bpw. kzm-X-{¥ym-\-¥-cw, ]-e A[x-ÿn-X k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fpw kw-h-cW-Øn-s‚ B-\p-Iq-ey-߃ D-]tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠v k-aq-lØn-s‚ ]-e ap-Jy-[m-cI - f - n-epw FØn-t®¿-∂n-´p-≠v. F-∂m¬ A-tXk-ab - w- kw-hc - W - w \-S∏ - n-em-°n-bn´v 70 h-¿jw I-gn-s™-¶n-epw, hnZym-`ym-k t- a-Je - b - n-tem, sXm-gn-entem bm-sXm-cp {]m-Xn-\n-[y-hpw Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øm≥ I-gn-bm-Ø [m-cmfw hn`mK߃ ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn-˛]-´nI-h¿-§ßƒ-°n-S-bn¬ D-s≠-∂p≈-Xv H-cp bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-Wv. Cu Im-gN v- ∏ - m-Sn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm\-Øn¬, Hm-tcm kw-ÿm-\ k¿°m-cp-Iƒ-°pw X-ß-fp-sS kwÿm-\-sØ Cu P-\-ß-fp-sS kmaq-ln-I km-º-Øn-I A-h-ÿ-sb°p-dn-®p hn-i-Z-am-bn ]Tn-®-Xn-\pti-jw, F-√m k-ap-Zm-b-߃-°pw kw-hc - W - m-\q-Iq-ey-߃ e-`y-am-hp∂ co-Xn-bn¬, ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn-˛]-´n-Ih¿-§ hn-`m-K-ß-sf ]-e Iv-fm- pIƒ B-°n-Øn-cn-®p kw-hc - W - w ]p\¿-\n¿-W-bw sN-øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv F-∂v tIm-S-Xn hn-[n {]-kv-Xm-hn®p. C-ß-s\-sbm-cp ¢m- n-^n-t°j≥ B-hi - y-am-tWm F-∂v Hm-tcm kv-t‰-‰p-Iƒ-°pw Xo-cp-am-\n-°m-hp∂-Xm-Wv. H-cp Xo-cp-am-\w F-Sp-t°-≠X - v Hm-tcm kv-t‰-‰p-am-Wv. Hm-tcm kw-

ÿm-\ k¿-°m-cp-If - pw X-ßf - p-sS kw-ÿm-\-sØ ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn˛]-´nI-h¿-§ hn-`m-K-ß-fp-sS km-aq-ly˛ km-º-Øn-I A-h-ÿ-sb-°p-dn®p ]Tn-®n-´p-th-W-am-bn-cp-∂p Cu sbmcp hn-j-b-Øn¬ A-`n-{]m-bw ]-d-tb-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. C-¥y-bn-se 14 kw-ÿm-\-߃ X-ß-fp-sS kwÿm-\-ß-fn¬ Cu hn-[n \-S-∏m°m≥ Xm¬-∏c - yw C-√m-sb-∂v tI{μ-sØ A-dn-bn-®p. B ]-Xn-\mep kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ H-∂v tI-cf-am-Wv. F-∂m¬ B-{‘-{]-tZ-iv, I¿-Wm-SI - , sX-ep-¶m-\, O-Øo-kvK-Uv, l-cn-bm-\, Pm¿-J≠ - v, ]-©m_v ap-Xe - m-b kw-ÿm-\ß - ƒ Cu hn-[n-sb kzm-K-Xw sN-øp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. tI-c-f-Øn-se ]-´n-I-PmXn˛h¿-§ k-ap-Zm-b-ß-sf _m-[n°p-∂ h-fs - c {]-[m-\s - ∏-´ H-cp hnj-b-Øn¬ kw-ÿm-\ k¿-°m¿ bm-sXm-cp N¿-®-bpw C-√m-sX-bmWv hn-[n- \-S-∏m-°m≥ ]-‰n-√m-sb∂p tI-{μ-sØ A-dn-bn-®n-cn-°p∂Xv. C-¥y-bn-se F-√m kw-ÿm\-ß-fn-epw kp-{]owtIm-S-Xn ]-dbp-∂ X-cØ - n-ep-≈ ]-´n-IP - m-Xn˛]´n-I-h¿-§ hn-`m-K-߃-°n-S-bn-ep≈ ¢m- n-^n-t°-j≥ F-∂ Bi-b-sØ F-Xn¿-°p-∂-Xv, kw-h-cW-Øn-s‚ Kp-W-^-e-߃ t\-Snsb-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠v k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ ap-Jy-[m-c-b-bn-te-°p H-cp ]-cn-[nh-sc F-Øn-t®-cm≥ ]-‰n-b Z-fn-XvB-Zn-hm-kn k-ap-Zm-bß - f - m-Wv. kp{]owtIm-S-Xn ]-d-bp-∂ ¢m- n-^nt°-j≥ F-∂ B-i-bw, Z-fn-Xv-˛ B-Zn-hm-kn k-aq-l-Øn-se G-‰hpw Zp-¿_-e-cm-b-h¿-°p- Iq-Sn Xß-fp-sS P-\-kw-Jym-\p-]m-Xn-I-am-

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bn kw-h-c-Ww t\-Sp-∂-Xn-\p-≈ Hcp kw-hn-[m-\a - m-sW-∂n-cn-s°, F¥p-sIm-≠m-Wv ]-e k-ap-Zm-b-ßfpw ¢m- n-^n-t°-js - \ F-Xn¿-°p∂-Xv? C-¥y-bn-se F-√m kvt- ‰-‰n-epw ¢m- n-^n-t°-j-s\ F-Xn¿-°p-∂h¿ A-Xm-Xp kw-ÿm-\-ß-fnkm-aq-ln-I-am-bn a-‰p Z-fn-Xv hn`mKßsf A-t]-£n-®v- ap-∂n¬ \n¬°p-∂h - c - m-Wv F-∂ Im-cyw \-Ωƒ a-\- n-em-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ ¢m- n-^n-t°j≥ Z-fn-Xv˛B-Zn-hm-kn k-aq-l߃-°n-Sb - n¬ A-¥c - w D-≠m-°pw F-∂ hm-Zw X-߃-°v C-t∏mƒ e-`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ kw-hc - W - m\p-Iq-ey-߃ A-Xn-\¿-l-cm-b a‰p P-\-hn-`m-K-߃-°pw-Iq-Sn, Ah-cp-sS P-\k - w-Jym-\p-]m-Xn-Ia - m-bn \-evI - m-Xn-cn-°p-∂X - n-\p-≈ H-cp IpX-{¥-am-Wv. Z-fn-Xv hn-`m-K-߃-°n-S-bnkm-aq-ln-I-am-b h-en-b A-¥-cw Ds≠-∂pw A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ F√m hn-`m-Kß - ƒ-°pw kw-hc - W - Ø - ns‚ B-\p-Iq-ey-߃ e-`n-°W - s - a¶n¬ ¢m- n-^n-t°-j≥ B-h-iyam-sW-∂p-ap-≈ hm-Zw h-f-sc-°me-߃-°p-ap-ºp-X-s∂ D-b¿-∂p-h∂ H-cp kw-ÿm-\-am-Wv B-{‘{]-tZ-iv. (sX-ep-¶m-\-bpw B-{‘{]-tZ-ipw tN¿-∂p-≈ ]-g-b kwbp-‡ B-{‘-{]-tZ-iv). P-\-kwJym-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ t\m-°n-bmc-≠p {]-_-e ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn hn-`m-Kß-fm-Wv B-{‘-{]-tZ-in-ep-≈-Xv, am- e - b pw am- [ n- I - b pw. 2011 se sk≥-k-kv A-\p-k-cn-®v am-eI-fpsS P-\-kw-Jy 50 e-£-Øn-\v apI-fn-em-Wv, am-[n-IIfp-tS-Xv 60 e£-Øn-\v ap-I-fn-epw. Cu c-≠p hn`mKß-fpw sXm-´p-Iq-Sm-bv-a-bpw Xo-≠e - pw A-\p-`h - n-°p-∂h - c - m-sW¶n-epw, am-[n-IIsf A-t]-£n-®v t\m-°p-tºmƒ am-eIƒ km-aq-lnI-am-bpw, km-º-Øn-I-am-bpw, hnZym-`ym-k-]-c-am-bpw , sXm-gn-¬]-cam-bpw h-f-sc ap-∂n-em-Wv. tI-c-fØn-te-Xn-\v hn-]-co-X-am-bn, kn-dnb≥ {In-kv-Xy≥ F-s∂m-cp P-\-hn`m-Kw B-{‘-bn¬ C-√m-Xn-cp-∂X - n\m¬, a-X ] - c - n-h¿-Ø\ - Ø - n-s‚ `mK-am-bn e-`y-am-b Cw-•o-jv hn-Zym`ym-kw Dƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ B-[p-\nI-X-sb ]q¿-W-am-bpw t\-Sn-sb-Sp°m≥ Cu hn`mKØn\v km-[n-®p.

F-∂m¬ P-\-kw-Jy-bn¬ G‰-hpw A-[n-I-ap-≈ am-[n-IIfp-sS

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Z-fn-Xv ˛ B-Zn-hm-kn hn-`m-Kß-fn-se G-‰-hpw Zp-¿_-ecm-b-h¿-°p Iq-Sn kw-h-cWw t\-Sm-\p-≈ {i-a-sØ, ka-ql-Øn-s‚ ap-Jy-[m-cbn¬ G-Xm-≠v F-Øn-°g- n™-h¿ F-Xn¿-°p-∂-sX¥p-sIm-≠v ?

N-cn-{Xw a-s‰m-∂m-Wv. \n-km-an-s‚ Io-gn-ep-≈ sX-ep-¶v kw-km-cn-°p∂, C-t∏mƒ sX-e-¶m-\ kv-t‰-‰ns‚ `m-K-am-bn-´p-≈, {]-tZ-i-ß-fnem-Wv 60 e-£w P-\-kw-Jy-bp-≈ am-[n-Icnse _-lp-`q-cn-]£hpw A-[n-h-kn-°p-∂-Xv. 1948 C¬ C¥y≥ bq-Wn-bs‚ `m-Ka - m-hp-∂X - ph-sc bm-sXm-cp X-c-Øn-ep-≈ B[p-\n-I hn-Zym-`ym-k-hpw I-S-s∂Øn-bn-´n-√. Pm-Xn-a-X t`-Z-sa-t\y F-√m B-fp-I-fpw D¿-Zp ao-Un-bw kv-Iq-fp-I-fn-em-Wv ]Tn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Cw-•o-jv hn-Zym-`ym-kw km-[m-cW - °m¿-°v A-{]m-]y-am-bn-cp-∂p.

1950 \p ti-jw `m-jm-Sn-ÿm\-Øn¬ hn-hn-[ kv-t‰-‰p-Iƒ cq-]s∏-´t- ∏mƒ sX-ep-¶p kw-km-cn-°p∂ {]-tZ-i-ß-sf Iq-´n-t®¿-ØpsIm-≠p B-{‘-{]-tZ-iv F-∂ kwÿm-\w cq-]o-Ir-Xa - m-bn. H-cp tImSn-°p-ta¬ P-\-kw-Jy-bp-≈ am-e, am-[n-I hn`mK߃ X-ß-fp-sS P\-kw-Jym _-ew-sIm-≠v kw-ÿm\-sØ cm-{„o-bw \n¿-W-bn-°p-∂Xn¬ H-cp h-en-b i-‡n-bm-bn amdn. F-∂m¬ km-aq-ln-I-am-bpw hnZym-`ym-k-]-c-am-bpw am-eIsf At]-£n-®p h-fs - c ]n-∂n-em-bn-cp-∂ am-[n-I¿ am-e hn-`m-K-hp-am-bn a¬k-cn-®p kw-h-c-Wm-\p-Iq-ey-߃ t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ ]-‰m-Ø H-cp kml-N-cyw kw-Pm-X-am-bn. P-\-kwJym-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ F-√m hn`mK߃°pw kw-hc - W - w e-`y-am-hp-∂ co-Xn-bn¬ ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn ]-´n-I-h¿-§ hn-`m-K-߃-°n-S-bn¬ ¢m- n-^nt°-j≥ B-h-iy-s∏-´p-sIm-≠v B-cw-`n-® k-ac - ß - f - m-Wv ¢m- n-^nt°-j-s\ A-\p-Iq-en-®p-sIm-≠v 2004 ¬ \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-Ww \-SØm≥ k¿-°m-cn-s\ \n¿-_‘ - a - m°n-b-Xv. Z-en-Xp-I-fp-sS D-∂-a-\-Øn-\mbn {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ B-Œn-hn-ÃpIƒ-t]m-epw X-ß-fp-sS hn`mK߃-°p- e-`n-°p-∂ B-\p-Iq-ey-

߃ a-‰p-≈-h¿-°p-Iq-Sn ]-¶n-´p\¬-I-Ww F-∂ B-h-iyw h-cptºmƒ A-Xn-s\ F-Xn¿-°p-∂ \n¿-`m-Ky-Ic - a - m-b Im-gN v- b - m-Wv ImWm≥ I-gn-bp-∂-Xv. C-¥y-bn-se a‰p- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-se A-h-ÿbpw th-sd-b-√. X-an-gv-\m-´n¬ ]-dbcpw a-lm-cm-{„-bn¬ a-ldpw ¢m n-^n-t°-j-s\ i-‡-am-bn FXn¿-°p-∂p. C-hs - c-√m-hc - pw ]-db - p∂ H-tc-sbm-cp \ym-bw ¢m- n-^nt°-j≥ Z-fn-Xp-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬ hn`m-Ko-b-X D-≠m-°pw F-∂m-Wv. tI-c-f k¿-°m¿ Cu hn-[n kw-ÿm-\-Øp \-S-∏m-°m≥ km[n-°n-√ F-∂v bm-sXm-cp N¿-®-bpan-√m-sX tI-{μ K-h-s◊‚n-s\ Adn-bn-®n-´p-s≠-In¬, A-Xn-\p-]n-∂nep-≈ Xm¬-∏c - yw F-¥m-bn-cn-°mw? tI-c-f-Øn-se ]-´n-I-Pm-Xn˛]-´n-Ih¿-§ hn-`m-K-߃-°n-S-bn¬ i-‡am-b A-¥-cw \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p F∂-Xv H-cp h-kv-Xp-X-bm-Wv. kw-hc-Ww \n-e-hn¬-h-∂n-´v F-gp-]-Xph¿-j-am-bn-´p-t]m-epw Kp-l-I-fnPo-hn-°p-∂ ]-´n-I-h¿-§-°m-¿ tIc-f-Øn¬ C-t∏m-gpw D-≠v. tI-c-fØn-se ]-´n-I-h¿-§ P-\-kw-Jy-bpsS 18 % Øn-\p ap-I-fn¬ P-\-kwJy-bp-≈ ]-Wn-b hn-`m-KØ - n¬ \n∂pw 1% B- f p- I ƒ- ° p- t ]m- e pw tPm-en-tbm D-∂X - hn-Zym-`ym-kt- am t\-Sm≥ I-gn-™n-´n-√. A-Sn-b˛Im´p-\m-bv° - ap-Xe - m-b a-‰p- ]-´n-Ih - ¿§ hn-`m-K-ß-fp-sS-bpw A-h-ÿ adn-®√ - . ]-´n-IP - m-Xn-bn¬-s∏-Sp-∂ I√m-Sn˛\m-bm-Sn Xp-S-ßn-b hn-`m-Kß-fpw C-tX A-hÿ b - n¬- X-s∂bm-Wv C-t∏m-gpw Po-hn-°p-∂X - v. AtX-k-a-bw X-s∂ ]-´n-I-h¿-§ P\-kw-Jy-bp-sS sh-dpw 7% Ønam-{Xw Xm-sg-h-cp-∂-h¿ kw-h-c-WØn-s‚ knw-l-`m-K-hpw t\-Sn-sbSp-°p-∂p.

Cu H-cp A-\o-Xn-°v am-‰w-hcp-∂-Xn-\m-Wv P-\-kw-Jym-Sn-ÿm\-Øn¬ F-√m- hn-`m-K-߃-°pw kw-hc - W - w In-´p-∂X - n-\m-bn ¢m- n^n-t°-j≥ B-h-iy-am-Wv F-∂v kp-{]ow tIm-S-Xn A-`n-{]m-b-s∏´Xv. F-∂m¬ C-Ø-c-Øn¬ k-aql-Øn-s‚ G-‰-hpw ]n-∂n¬ \n¬°p-∂ hn`mK߃°p-Iq-Sn kw-hc-Ww e-`y-am-hp-∂ co-Xn-bn¬ ¢m n-^n-t°-j≥ \-S-Øp-∂-Xn-s\ F-¥n-\m-Wv _p-≤n-Po-hn-I-fpw cm{„o-b t\-Xr-Xz-hpw F-Xn¿-°p∂Xv?

C\nbpw Xnø‰dnseØnbn´n√mØ, F∂m¬ A¥mcmjv{S Ne®n{X tafIfn¬ BZcn°s∏´ Ne®n{XsØ°pdn®v

]-Xn-hn-√m-Ø H-cp _n-cn-bm-Wn-°q-´v jm-Pn -Sn bp

A-kw-Xr-]v-X-bm-b J-Zo-P, `¿Øm-hn-s‚ G-I-]-£o-b-am-b ]pe¿-Im-e ssew-Kn-I _-‘-Øn-\v ti-jw kz-bw-t`m-Kw sN-bv-Xv FWo-‰v t]m-Ip-∂, a-e-bm-f kn-\n-a°v Xo¿-Øpw A-]-cn-Nn-X-sa-∂v ]d-bm-hp-∂ H-cp Zr-iy-J-fi-Øn\n-∂m-Wv C\nbpw Xnø‰dnseØnbn´n√mØ, "_n-cn-bm-Wn'sb-∂ Nn{Xw Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xv. ap-…nw P-\-hn`m-K-Øn-s‚ h¿-Ø-am-\-Im-e cm{„o-b-˛km-aq-ln-I-˛kmw-kv-Im-cnI˛-kz-Im-cy Po-hn-X-t`-Z-ß-sf Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m-\pw N¿-®-°v hn-t[-bam-°m-\pw {i-an-°p-Ib - m-Wv kw-hn[m-b-I≥ k-Pn≥ _m-_p.

B-Zy- J-fi-Øn-\v ti-jw ico-ci - p-≤n h-cp-Øn \n-kvI - m-cw sNøp-∂ J-Zo-Pb - n-eq-sS Xp-Sc - p-∂ kn\n-a, i-cm-i-cn Po-hn-Xw \-bn-°p-

∂ A-h-cp-sS Po-hn-X-sØ ]n-¥pS¿-∂v t]m-Ip-∂ co-Xn-bn-em-Wv Bhn-j° -v c - n-®n-cn-°p-∂X - .v km-[m-cW C-Ø-cw {]-ta-b ]-cn-k-c-߃-°v ]-›m-Ø-e-am-Im≥ C-S-bp-≈ a-e_m-dn¬ \n-∂pw `m-j-b-S-°-ap-≈ D-]m-[n-I-tfm-sS sX-°≥ tI-c-fØn-te-°v C-Xn-hr-Ø-sØ am-‰n {]-Xn-jvTn-°p-∂p-≠v. a-’y-sØm-gn-em-fn-bm-bn-cp-∂ J-Zo-P-bp-sS D-∏-sb I-S-en¬ ImWm-Xm-b-tXm-sS am-\-kn-I-tcm-Knbm-bn am-dp∂p D-Ω. k-tlm-Z-c≥ jm-\p-hn-s‚ Xo-{h-hm-Z _-‘w ]pd-Øm-Ip-∂-tXm-sS A-h-sc a-l√n¬ \n-∂v ]p-d-Øm-°p-I-bpw IpSpw-_w k-aq-lØ - n¬ \n-∂v H-‰s - ∏Sp-I-bpw sN-øp-∂p. C-tX A-h-kc-Øn¬ F-kv.Fw.F-kv h-gn ap-Øem-Jpw A-h¿-°v ssI-∏-t‰-≠n hcp-∂p-≠v. I-S¬-Øo-c-sØ Ip-SnI-Øn \-in-°p-∂-tXm-sS D-Ω-sb Iq-´n J-Zo-P-°v \m-Sp-hn-tS-≠n hcp-∂p. k- t lm- Z - c s\ kw-L-S-\bn- t e- ° v ]- d ™p-hn-Sp-∂ A_q- _ - ° ¿ Fs∂m- c mƒ Xs∂-bm-Wv X-an-gv \m-´n-se H-cp Z¿K-bn-te-°v XpS¿-∂p-≈ Po-hnX-Øn-\m-bn Ah- c p- s S bm- { X G¿-∏m-Sm-°p-∂Xv. A-hn-sS sh®v ]-cn-Nb - s - ∏-Sp∂ H- c p ap- { In A-h¿-°v k-lmb-hpw k-lm-\p`q- X n- b p- a m- I p∂p. ]n-∂o-Sv, ap-

{In-bp-sS \m´nse ho-´n-te-°v JZo-P-bpw A-Ω-bpw Xm-a-kw am-dp∂p-≠v.

D-Ω a-cn-®v H-‰° - m-hp-∂t- Xm-sS J-Zo-P H-cp kzm-{X-{¥y {]-Jym-]\w \-S-Øp-I-bm-Wv. X-s‚ Po-hnXsØ sI-´p-]m-Sp-I-fn-√m-sX Ah¿ B-tLm-jn-°m-\m-bn hn-Sp-∂p. hn-hn-[ ]p-cp-j∑ - m-cn-eq-sS-bp-≈ JZo-P-bp-sS k-©m-cw kn-\n-a-bn-se `m-K-ß-fn¬ H-∂m-Wv. Im-ew Ip-sd-°-gn-™v F-√mw a-Sp-Øv a-s‰m-cn-St- Ø-°v t]m-Im≥ D-d∏ - n-®,v A-Xn-\v ap≥-]m-bn D-∏° - pw D-Ωb - v° - pw k-tlm-Zc - \ - p-ap-≈ Hm¿Ω-°v \-S-Øp-∂ A-∂-Zm-\-am-Wv kn-\n-a-bp-sS A-h-km-\ J-fiw.

F-∂m¬, A-Xv tI-h-ew A-∂-Zm\-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Np-‰p-]m-Sp-I-tfm-Sv, Po-hn-X-Øn¬ C-S-s]-´-h-tcm-Sp-≈ Cu¿-jy-bpw {]-Xn-I-c-W-hpw IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. amw-k-Øn-s‚ cp-Nnt`-Z-߃ F-s∂m-cp Sm-Kv-sse-\p≠v Cu kn-\n-a-°v.

B-Zy-cw-Kw t]m-se Xp-d-∂pw hn-iZ- a - m-bpw Nn-{Xo-Ic - n-°s - ∏-´, F∂m¬ A-«o-e-am-Im-sX {i-≤n-°p∂ ]-e `m-K-ß-fp-ap-≠v kn-\n-abn¬. h-be - ≥-kn-\pw kn-\n-ab - na-d-bn-√. A-Xv J-Zo-P-bp-sS a-I-s‚ kp-∂-Øv cw-K-am-bpw B-Sn-s\ Adp-°p-∂ `m-K-am-bpw h-cp-∂p-≠v.

A-¥m-cm-{„ N-e-®n-{X-ta-f-Ifn¬ {]-Z¿-in-∏n-®, B-Z-cn-°-s∏-´ Cu kn-\n-a-bp-sS G-Xv cq-]-am-Ipw A-Xv \n¿-Ωn-°s - ∏-´ \m-´n¬ {]-Z¿in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂-Xv Du-ln°m-\m-hn√. hy-h-ÿn-Xn-sb {]-tIm-]n-∏n°p-∂ cp-Nn-°q-´m-Wv "_n-cn-bm-Wn'.

A-Xv Im-Wn-°v cp-Nn-°p-∂p-thmF-∂v Im-Wn-bp-sS a-t\m-[¿-Ωh - pw A-h-cp-sS-bp-≈n-se k-Zm-Nm-c-hmZn-bpw Xo-cp-am-\n-°pw.

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

31

kn-\n-a F-∂ _-lp-P-\ hn-t\m-Z-am-[y-a-Øn-\pw A-Xn-s‚ G‰-hpw A-Sn-ÿm-\]- c- h- pw km-{º-Zm-bn-Ih- p-am-b {]-Z¿-i\- ˛- B - kzm-Z-\ A-c-ßm-b Xn-b-‰-dp-Iƒ-°pw F-¥v kw-`-hn-°pw?

tIm-hn-Um-\-¥-c- kn-\n-a -: Nn-e- Ip-dn-∏p-Iƒ

km-aq-ln-I A-I-e-Øn¬-\n-∂v s]m-Xp-a-bn-te-°v kn- F-k-v -sh¶n-tS-iz-c≥

tImhn-Uv 19 F-∂ -a-lm-hym-[n- a-\p-jy-cpw tem-I-hpw -X-Ωn-ep-≈ -]m-c-kv-]-cy-sØ, -B-{i-b B-t«-j- Nq-j-W- _-‘-sØ-°p-dn-®v- B-g-Øn-epwhn-a¿-i\ - m-flI - h - p-am-bn- k-ao-]n-°p-hm-\pw- Nn-¥n-°phm-\pw -\n¿-_-‘n-°p-∂p-≠v. \-Ωp-sS- Po-hn-X-Ønepw- Po-h-\-Øn-epw -Im-gv-®-]m-Sp-I-fn-epw- tIm-hn-UvD-≠m-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂- B-Lm-Xß - ƒ- k-ºZ- vhyh-ÿ-sb-bpw -cm-{„o-b-sØ-bpw -F-∂- t]m-se -\Ωp-sS -\n-Xy-Po-hn-X-sØ-bpw- I-e-tb-bpw- Ip-dn-®v- ]p\-cm-tem-Nn-°p-hm-\p-≈ -t{]-c-W- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv.

N-e\ - w, hn-\n-ab - w, ]m-ck - ] -v c - yw a-\p-jy-s‚- tem-Im-hm-k-Øn-\pw- B-hm-k-hy-hÿ-bv-°pw -A-h-iy-am-b -aq-∂p -Im-cy-ß-fm-Wv- N-e\w, hn-\n-a-bw, ]m-c-kv-]-cyw (movement, communication/exchange and interaction/interface) F-∂n-h. H-c¿-YØn¬- ]-e- X-cw- N-e-\-ß-tfm- H-gp-°p-I-tfm- B-Wnh-sb-√mw. a-\p-jy-cp-sS -im-co-cn-I-am-b -N-e-\w, Bi-b-ß-fp-sS-bpw -hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS-bpw -k-©m-cw/H-gp°v, A-Xp-t]m-se- a-\p-jy¿ -X-Ωn-ep-≈ -C-S-s]-S-epIƒ. C-h-bp-sS -kz-X-{¥-am-b -H-gp-°v/hn-Im-kw- F∂Xv a\p-jy¿-°pw -a-\p-jy- k-aq-l-߃-°pw -cm{„o-b- cq-]-߃-°pw -k-º-Zvhyh-ÿ-Iƒ-°p-sa-√mw -\n¿-Wm-b-I-am-Wv. ]-s£ -tIm-hn-Uv hym-]-\w -C-∂vC-h-sb -\n-b-{¥n-°m-\pw -]p-\¿-hn-\y-kn-°m-\pw -a\p-jy-k-aq-l-sØ -\n¿-_-‘n-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. C-Xv a-\p-jy-Po-hn-X-sØ-bpw -Po-h-\-sØ-bpw- hn-hn-[-X-eß-fn¬ -Km-V-am-bn- _m-[n-°p-∂- -C-S-s]-S-em-Wv: ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-am-bn- A-Xv, hy-‡n, k-aq-l-Po-hn, a-\pjy-hw-iw/P-\p- v- F-∂o- \n¿-Wm-bI - a - m-b a - q-∂p- \ne-I-sf-bpw (as individual being, social being, and species being) _m-[n-°p-∂p, ]p-\x]-cn-tim-[-\-bv°v hnt[-b-am-°p-∂p.

hy-‡n-ic - o-cw / k-aq-li - c - o-cw / a-\p-jy- P-\p- v H-cp- hy-‡n-i-co-cw -F-∂- \n-e-bn-ep-≈ -\-Ωp-sS

32

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

-Po-hn-Xw/\n-e-\n-ev-]v- A-s√-¶n¬ -kp-c-£/A-Xn-Poh-\w, k-aq-l-Po-hn- F-∂- \n-e-bv-°v- \-Ωp-sS -kzmX-{¥yw/kzm-O-μyw, A-Xm-b-Xv- ]p-dw-tem-I-hpw -A]-c-cp-am-bp-≈-C-S-]m-Sp-Iƒ, C-S-I-e-cp-Iƒ- F-∂n-h, A-Xp-t]m-se- H-cp- P-\p- v (kv-]o-jo-kv) F-∂ -\n-ebv-°v- a-\p-jy-s‚- `q-an-bn-se- \n-e-\n-ev-]v/A-Xn-Po-h\w Cu- A-h-ÿ-I-fp-sS-bpw -ÿn-Xn-I-fp-sS-bp-sa√mw -tem-e-X-bpw- Zu¿-∫-ey-hpw- C-∂v shfn-s∏-´n-cn°p-∂p. A-Xp-t]m-se -kq-£v-a-{]-Ir-Xn- \-sΩ -Xn-cn™p-t\m-°p-∂- C-∂-sØ- A-h-ÿ -a-\p-jy-\pw -{]Ir-Xn-bpw -A-s√-¶n¬- ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-bp-am-bp-≈ -_-‘sØ- ]p-\-cm-tem-Nn-°m-\pw -t{]-cn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. a-\p-jy-Po-hn-bpw- `q-an-bn-se- a-‰p- ssP-hm-ssPh-Pm-e-ß-fpw -X-Ωn-ep-≈- ]-c-kv-]-cm-{in-X-Xz-hpw- B{i-b-hp-sa-√mw- Iq-Sp-X¬- cq-£-am-b -co-Xn-bn¬- hy‡-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. a-\p-jy-Po-hn- F-∂-Xv Cu- `u-a- hy-h-ÿ-bv-°p-≈n¬ -a-t‰-sXm-cp- P-\p- ns\-t∏m-se-bp-ap-≈ -H-∂m-Wv- F-∂pw, H-scm-‰ -Po-hN-{I-Øn-s‚, ssP-h-hy-h-ÿ-bp-sS,- ssP-h-{]-{In-bbp-sS- I-Æn- am-{X-am-Wv a\p-jy≥- F-∂p-ap-≈- t_m[yw- tem-I-sØ-bpw -hm-gvhn-s\-bpw- Ip-dn-®p-≈ -Nn¥-I-sf -Iq-Sp-X¬ -ssP-ho-I-am-b- A-t\z-j-W-߃°pw- Po-hn-X-co-Xn-Iƒ-°pw- `m-h-\-Iƒ-°pw- C-\n-sb¶n-epw- h-gn- sX-fn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. A-Xm-bXv a-\p-jy¿ -F-∂-Xv- H-scm-‰- P-\p- m-sW-∂pw, a-\p-jy-Ip-ew -H-

scm-‰ -i-co-cw- X-s∂-bm-sW-∂pw- a-\p-jy-i-co-c-ßfn-eq-sS-bp-≈- io-{L-hpw -kp-K-a-hp-am-b- Cu -sshd-kn-s‚ -B-tKm-f- k-©m-cw -\-sΩ -Hm¿-Ωn-∏n-°p∂p-≠v. A-Xp-sIm-≠v- \-Ωƒ- hn-iz-kn-°p-I-bpw ÿm-]-\-߃ -sI-´n-∏-Sp-°p-I-bpw -sN-bv-X- \n-c-h[n- k-¶-ev-]-\-ß-sf, [m-c-W-I-sf- \-Ωƒ -A-gn-®p]-Wn-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p: Po-h≥, {]-Ir-Xn, tcm-Kw, a-c-Ww, bm-{X, "hn-I-k-\w', B-tKm-fo-I-c-Ww, A[zm-\w- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-sb-°p-dn-®-√mw- tIm-hn-Uv- A-\¥-c-Im-e-Øv- am-dn-®n-¥n-°p-hm≥- \-Ωƒ -\n¿-_-‘nX-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. H-tc-k-a-bw -ssh-b-‡n-I-hpw -kmap-ln-Ih - pw B - t- Km-fo-bh - pw a - \ - p-jy-hw-i] - c - h - pw- Bb -Cu -{]-Xn-k-‘n- \¬-Ip-∂- A-]m-b-kq-N-\-Ifpw -Xn-cn-®-dn-hp-I-fpw- a-s‰m-cp -co-Xn-bn¬ -a-\p-jy-s\bpw- a-\p-jy-Po-hn-X-sØ-bpw -tem-I-hm-k-sØ-bpw]m-c-kv-]-cy-ß-sf-bpw -H-s°-°p-dn-®v- H-cp `ua-Po-hn -F-∂ -\n-e-bn-sem-s°- kz-bw -Im-Wm-\pw -A-dn-bm\pw- `m-h-\- sN-øm-\p-sam-s°-bp-≈ -t{]-c-W -Iq-Snbm-Wv. Cu -a-lm-am-cn-bp-sS -B-Lm-Xw -h-f-sc- `u-XnI-hpw- A-Sn-ÿm-\-]-c-hpw- im-co-cn-I-hp-am-b -kw-KXn-Iƒ- Xp-S-ßn- a-\p-jy-s‚ -ssP-hn-I-X-sb-bpw -`uam-kvXnXz-sØ-bpw- kw-_-‘n-°p-∂- \n¿-Wm-b-Iam-b -X-e-ß-fn-te-°v hym-]n-°p-∂- H-∂m-Wv. `u-XnI- X-e-Øn¬- A-Xv -a\p-jy-cp-sS- bm-{X-I-sf-bpw ]e-X-cw -hn-\n-a-b-ß-sf-bpw -A-km-[y-tam- A-]-I-S-Ic-tam- B-°p-∂p: A-Xm-b-Xv- N-c-°p-I-fp-sS- `u-XnI-am-b h - m-߬-˛hn¬-°¬ D - ] - t- bm-Kn-°¬- Xp-Sß - n, ]-W-an-S-]m-Sp-I-sf-bpw -]-e-X-cw- `u-Xn-I-hpw -`u-XntI-X-c-hp-am-b -tk-h-\-ß-sf-bpw -_m-[n-°p-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, a-\p-jy¿- X-Ωn-ep-≈ -im-co-cn-I-am-b- C-Ss]-S-ep-I-fpw- I-≠p-ap-´-ep-I-fpw- H-Øp- tN-c-ep-I-fpw B-h-iy-ap-≈ -F-√mw- X-s∂ -C-∂v- A-]m-b-I-c-am-b, I-gn-bp-∂-{X -H-gn-hm-t°-≠, kw-K-Xn-I-fm-bn- am-dnbn-cn-°p-∂p. tIm-hn-Uv- A-hÿ - \n¿-t±-in-°p-∂- hy-‡n-Iƒ -X-Ωn-se -im-co-cn-I- A-I-ew -F-∂-Xn-s\- \n¿-_-‘nX-am-b- km-aq-ln-I- A-I-e-am-bpw- AXv hy‡n-Iƒ°v- Iq-´w- Iq-Sm-\m-hm-Ø -cm-{„o-b-am-b- H-‰-s∏-S-embpw- Iq-Sn- a-\-kn-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. ap-Jwaq-Sn-bn-´- Hmtcm -hy-‡n-bpw -C-hn-sS -kw-i-bm-kv-]-Z-\pw -kw-ibm-ep-hp-am-Wv. X-\n-°pw tcmKw h-cm-sa-∂ -t]-Snbpw -X-∂n-eq-sS- tcm-Kw- ]-S-cm-sa-∂- B-i-¶-bpw -C-

hn-sS- hy-‡n-sb- H-‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-I -am-{X-a-√, X-\n-°pw -k-aq-l-Øn-\pw -C-S-bn-se -A-I-e-ß-fp-sS- kq-£n∏p-Im-c≥- Iq-Sn-bm-°n- am-‰p-∂p. B- A-I-ew -]m-en°p-I -F-∂-Xv a-‰p-≈-h-cp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°pI, A-I-ew- ]m-en-°p-I, I-gn-bp-∂-{X -s]m-Xp- C-Sß-fn-epw -C-S-]m-Sp-I-fn-epw- ]-s¶-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I hy-‡n-I-fp-sS -X-s∂ -D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Ø-hpw -[¿-Ω-hpam-bn- am-dp-∂p. F-¥p-X-cw- s]m-Xp-a-bpw -A-]m-b-Ic-am-bn-Øo-cmw -F-∂- Nn-¥/`-bw- C-hn-sS -H-cp- a-lmam-cn-bm-bn- k-aq-l-Øn¬- ]-S-cp-∂p.

Cu- co-Xn-bn¬ -im-co-cn-I-am-b- hn-\n-a-b-ß-fpwC-S-s]-S-ep-I-fpw- A-km-[y-am-b- km-l-N-cyw- A-hsb- F-√mw- Hm¨-sse≥- A-s√-¶n¬ -hn¿-Nz¬- Bb- cq-]-ß-fn-te-°pw- am¿-§-ß-fn-te-°pw- am-‰m-\p-≈Im-cW - h - pw- t{]-cW - b - pw B - b - n- am-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CuA-h-ÿ- F-√m- km-aq-ly- cw-K-ß-sf-bpw- km-º-ØnI- ta-J-e-I-sf-bpw- G-‰-hpw -\n¿-Wm-b-I-am-bn- ]u-ca-fi-e-sØ-bpw- _m-[n-°p-∂p. im-co-cn-I-am-b- AI-ew- H-cp- km-aq-ly-\n-b-aw- B-bn-am-dp-∂- Im-e-Øvi-co-ck - º - ¿-°w A - h - i - y-am-bn- h-cp-∂X - pw B - ƒ-°m¿H-Øp-tN-cp-∂X - p-am-b- ÿ-eß - f - pw k - μ - ¿-`ß - f - pw- BtLm-j-ß-fpw -F-√mw -C-\n- Ip-d-®p- Im-e-tØ-s°¶n-epw- A-km-[y-tam -`o-Xn-P-\-I-tam- B-bn-Øo¿-∂ncn-°p-∂p. tPm-en-°m-bm-epw -I-®-h-S-Øn-\m-bm-epwB-tLm-j-߃-°m-bm-epw- {]-Xn-tj-[-߃-°m-bmepw, a-\p-jy-i-co-c-߃- H-Øp-tN-cp-∂-Xpw -k-º¿°-Øn-te¿-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am-b- C-S-ß-sf-√mw- X-s∂ am-‰-Øn-\pw- \n-b-{¥-W-߃-°pw- hn-t[-b-am-Ip-sa∂-Xn-\v- kw-i-b-an-√. C-h-bv-°p-]-I-cw- hn¿-Nz¬- Bb- hn-\n-a-b -th-Zn-I-fn-te-°pw- Un-Pn-‰¬- k-º¿-°co-Xn-I-fn-te-°pw -ÿm-]-\-ß-fpw- kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fpwhy-‡n-I-fpw- Ip-Sn-tb-dpw- F-∂-Xpw- D-d-∏m-Wv. AØ-c-sam-cp- km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ -kn-\n-a- F-∂- _-lpP-\- hn-t\m-Z -am-[y-a-Øn-\pw- A-Xn-s‚- G-‰-hpw -ASn-ÿm-\] - c - h - pw- km-{º-Zm-bn-Ih - p-am-b {- ]-Z¿-i\ - ˛-Bkzm-Z-\- A-c-ßm-b- Xn-ø-‰-dp-Iƒ-°pw -F-¥p -kw-`hn-°pw- F-∂p-≈Xv kn-\n-am h - y-hk - m-bc - w-Ks - Ø-bmsI- A-e-´p-∂ -{]-iv-\-hpw- sh-√p-hn-fn-bp-am-Wv.

B-tKm-fo-bX - , k-¶c - X - , s]m-Xp-a kn-\n-a- F-∂- Zr-iy- am-[y-a-Øn-s‚-bpw- I-em-\p`-h-Øn-s‚-bpw -G-‰-hpw -\n¿-Wm-b-I-am-b- aq-∂p- khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ- A-Xn-s‚- B-tKm-fo-b-X, k-¶-c-X, s]m-Xp-a (globality, hybridity, publicness) F-∂nh-bm-bn-cn-°pw.

A-Xm-b-Xv kn-\n-a- F-∂ -am-[y-a-hpw- hy-h-km-bhpw- I-e-bpw -F-°m-e-Øpw- B-tKm-fo-b -X-e-Ønep-≈ -P-\-{]n-b-X-bpw- kzo-Im-cy-X-bpw -D-≠m-bn-cp∂p. H-cp- km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy- F-∂- \n-e-bn¬- A-Xv hf-sc- s]-s´-∂p-X-s∂ -tem-I-am-sI- hym-]n-®p, Xt±-io-b-am-b- B-Jym-\ -]m-c-º-cy-ß-sf-bpw- Zr-iyt_m-[-sØ-bpw kzmw-io-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠v- {]m-tZ-inI-am-b- I-Y-Iƒ- ]-d-™p, \m-bn-Im- \m-b-I -cq-]-ßsf-kr-„n-®p. A-Xv- H-tc- k-a-bw- B-tKm-fo-b-hpw {]m-tZ-in-I-hpw -tZ-io-b-hp-am-b- [m-c-I-sf -tIm¿-ØnW-°n-s°m-≠m-Wv hf¿-∂-Xpw- hn-I-kn-®-Xpw. kmt¶-Xn-I-am-bn -cq-]-]-c-am-bn -A-Xn-s‚- N-cn-{X-Øn-\vB-tKm-fo-b-am-b- k-am-\-X-I-fpw- Zn-i-I-fpw- D-≠m-bncp-∂p- F-¶n-epw -B-Jym-\-Øn-s‚-bpw -{]-ta-b-ß-fp-

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

33

sS-bpw- A-`n-\b - c - o-Xn-If - p-sS-bp-sam-s°- Im-cy-Øn-A-Xv- {]m-tZ-in-I-am-b- ssi-en-I-fpw- tN-cp-h-I-fpwhn-I-kn-∏n-®p. D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v- C-‰m-en-b≥- \n-tbmdn-b-en-k-hpw- {^-©v- \-h-X-cw-K-hpw -tem-I-sa-ºm-Spap-≈- kn-\n-a-I-sf- kzm-[o-\n-®n-´p-≠m-Im-sa-¶n-epwB- kzm-[o-\-߃- Hm-tcm -tZ-io-b- kn-\n-a-I-fn-epw {]-Xn-^-en-®-Xpw -A-Xm-Xv kn-\n-a-Iƒ- ]-d-™- I-YI-fpw- A-Xn-\m-bn- B-{i-bn-®- co-Xn-I-fn-epw- ssi-enI-fpw- F-√mw -hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. sk-\-K-en¬ D-kv-a-s\-skw-_-s\-bpw, C-¥y-bn-se- k-Xy-Pn-Xv-dmbv, E-Xzn-Iv-L-´-°v- F-∂n-h-sc-bpw -{io-e-¶-bn-se se-ÿ -s]-co-kn-\-bpw-\n-tbm-dn-b-en-Ãv- kn-\n-a-Iƒ -H-cp-t]m-se -kzm-[o-\n-°p-∂p-≠v. -F-¶n-epw -A-h¿ Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-cp-sS-bpw- kn-\n-a-Iƒ- h-f-sc- hy-Xy-kvX-am-b- co-Xn-I-fm-Wv- ]n-¥p-S¿-∂-Xv; A-h-bp-sS- hnIm-k-Øn¬- {]m-tZ-in-I-hpw- X-\-Xp-am-b -B-Jym-\ A-hX - c - W - ] - m-cº - c - y-ßf - pw- kmw-kv° - m-cn-I/cm-{„ob-N-cn-{X-ß-fpw -{]-Xn-k-‘n-I-fp-am-bpw- H-s°-bm-bp≈- sI-´n-a-dn-®n-ep-Iƒ- Im-Wmw. A-Xm-b-Xv- F-∂pwkn-\n-a- B-tKm-fo-b-am-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ-Ø-s∂ -AXv Xt±-io-b-ß-fm-b- B-Jym-\-cq-]-ß-fpw- I-Ym-ssien-I-fpw- A-h-X-c-W-co-Xn-I-fpw -B-hn-jv-°-cn-®p-sImt≠-bn-cp-∂p. kmw-kv-°m-cn-I-hpw- N-cn-{X-]-c-hp-am-b- Im-c-W߃-°p -]p-d-sa -C-Xn-\v a-s‰m-cp -{]-[m-\- Im-c-Ww,A-Sn-ÿm-\w- tZ-io-b -kn-\n-a-Iƒ-°v- tZ-io-b-am-bH-cp -hn-]-Wn- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p- F-∂-Xp- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. C¥y-bp-sS -Im-cy-Øn¬- C-Xv- {]-tXy-In-®pw- {]-I-S-amWv. H-cp- ]-s£ -tlm-fo-hp-Uv- kn-\n-a-bp-sS- B-[n-]Xy-Øn¬- tem-I-sa-ºm-Sp-ap-≈- tZ-io-b- kn-\n-am-hyh-km-b-߃- \n-ew-]-Xn-®-t∏m-gpw -C-¥y≥- kn-\n-amhn-]-Wn-bn¬ -tlm-fn-hp-Un-\v- ]-cn-an-X-am-b- ÿm-\ta- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q; sa-t{Sm-I-fn-epw -\-K-c-ß-fn-epam-bn- A-Xn-s‚- kzm-[o-\-hpw- P-\-{]n-b-X-bpw- ]-cn-anX-s∏-´p. F-∂m¬- Un-Pn-‰¬- hn-π-hw- Cu- A-h-ÿsb -am-‰n-a-dn-®p. A-Xv kn-\n-a-bp-sS- B-tKm-fo-b-Xsb, B-tKm-fo-b k - zm-[o-\s - Ø-bpw {- ]-Nm-cs - Ø-bpwIq-Sp-X¬ -Xo-{h-hpw -hym-]-I-hp-am-°n: Zr-iy-ß-fp-sSX¬-£-W-ap-≈- B-tKm-f- hn-\n-a-b-hpw- e-`y-X-bpwh-en-bc - o-Xn-bn¬- {]m-tZ-in-I- `m-h\ - I - s - f-bpw- B-Jym\- ]-cn-N-c-W-co-Xn-I-tf-bpw -C-°m-e-Øv- kzm-[o-\n°p-∂p. C-Xp-aq-ew- km-t¶-Xn-I -an-I-hv, ]-cn-N-c-W co-Xn-Iƒ, {]-ta-bØ - n-cs - ™-Sp-∏p-Iƒ F-∂n-hb - n-se√mw- X-s∂- B-tKm-fo-b-am-b -Nn-e- co-Xn-Iƒ-°pwXm-e] v- c - y-߃-°pw- Iq-Sp-X¬ t- a¬-ss°- e-`n-®p-sIm≠n-cn-°-bm-Wv. F-√mw- X-s∂- B-tKm-fo-b -tI-{μß-fn¬- \n-∂p-≈ k - n-\n-am/sS-en-hn-j≥- D-ev] - ∂ - ß - sf- ]n-¥p-S-cp-hm-\pw- A-h-bp-sS -{]-h-W-X-I-fn-te°v- k-ao-I-cn-°-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-bp-am-Wv. ap-ºpwB-tKm-fo-b-am-b- kzm-[o-\-߃- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p, ]s£ -Zr-iy-˛km-t¶-Xn-I- hn-Zy-bn-epw -em-h-Wy-k-t¶X-ß-fn-epw -h-cp-∂- A-Ø-cw- ]-cn-Wm-a-߃ -{I-taW-bm-bn-cp-∂p, am-{X-a-√- ap-ºv- kq-Nn-∏n-®-Xp- t]mse- X-t±-io-b-am-b- co-Xn-I-fn-epw -ssi-en-I-fn-ep-amW v-A-h-sb -{]m-tZ-in-I/tZ-io-b- kn-\n-a-Iƒ- kzmwio-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xpw- kzo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xpw. C-∂v- BtKm-fo-bX - b - p-sS- hym-]\ - Ø - n-s‚-bpw h - ym-]vX - n-bp-sSbpw- Xo-{h-X-bpw- tXm-Xpw -h¿-≤n-®n-cn-°p-∂p; BtKm-f-tI-{μ-ß-fn-se- D-ev-]m-Z-\-hpw- A-cn-Ip-I-fn-se/

34

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

{]-tZ-i-ß-fn-se- A-h-bp-sS -D-]-t`m-K-hpw -X-Ωn-ep≠m-bn-cp-∂- k-a-b-]-c-am-b- hn-S-hv, C-S-th-f-Iƒ- C√m-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p; C-Xv -{I-ta-W- H-tc- X-c-Øn-ep≈- A-`n-cp-Nn-io-e-ß-fpw- km-t¶-Xn-I -an-I-hn-s\-°pdn-®p-≈ -{]-Xo-£-I-fpw- [m-c-W-I-fpw -H-s° -]-¶n-Sp∂ -H-cp- B-tKm-f- t{]-£-I -k-aq-l-sØ- D-≠m-°nsb-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p.

A-Xp-sIm-≠v hnhc- hn-\n-a-b-Øn-s‚- Im-cyØn¬ -"B-tKm-fo-bw' F-∂ -hm-°v- sX-‰n-≤-cn-∏n-°p∂ -H-∂m-Wv: H-cp- {In-bm-]-Z-am-b- A-Xn-s\- H-cp- \m-a]-Z-am-bn- \-Ωƒ- sX-‰n-≤-cn-°p-∂p. {In-bm-]-Z-߃\m-a] - Z- ß - f - m-bn- kzm-`m-hn-Ih - ¬-°c - n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂ {- ]{In-b- Xn-cn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. hn-h-c-ß-fp-sS- tem-Ihym-]-\w- F-∂- {]-{In-b-tb -A-s√-¶n¬- {]-Xn-`m-ksØ -hn-ti-jn-∏n-°p-∂ -co-Xn-bn¬- H-cp- \m-a-]-Z-ambn- A-Xv- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ -B -{]-{In-b-bn¬- AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂- A-k-a-Xz-ß-fpw- A-k-¥p-en-Xm-hÿ-If - pw- a-d(bv)°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Xp-ey-am-b- tXm-Xn-epwth-K-X-bn-epw -B-h-iym-\p-k-c-W-hpw- B-b- co-Xnbn¬- A-√ -A-Xv kw-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv; B-tKm-fo-b-XF-∂-Xv- tem-I-sØ-√m-bn-S-Øpw -H-tc -A-\p-`-h-hp-a√. A-Xv- tem-I-Øn-se- F-√m -{]-tZ-i-ß-fpw -H-tct]m-se- ]-s¶-Sp-°p-∂, Xp-ey- ]-¶m-fn-Ø-hpw- \n¿hm-l-I-Xz-hp-ap-≈- H-cp-{]-{In-b-b-√- a-‰v- km-º-ØnI- cw-K-ß-fn-se-∂ -t]m-se -A-k-¥p-en-X-hpw- Ak-a-Xz-߃- \n-d-™-Xp-am-Wv. B-tKm-f- am-[y-a- aq-e-[-\w (]-{X-߃, kw-KoXw, kn-\n-a, ]-c-kyw, sS-en-hn-j≥ -Xp-S-ßn- C‚¿s\‰v hsc-bp-≈- F-√m-a-S-ßp-∂-Xv) F-∂-Xv- C-∂vssSw- hm¿-W¿, hmƒ-´v Un-kv-\n, tkm-Wn, Zv- \yqkv- tIm¿-∏-td-j≥, kn-_n-F-kv, h-bm- tImw- Xp-Sßn-b -B-tdm- G-tgm- tIm¿-∏-td-‰p-I-fp-sS -D-S-a-ÿX-bn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv; tZ-io-b- X-e-Øn¬- tem-I-sغm-Sp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂- hn-hn-[- am-[y-a -ÿm-]-\-ß-sfhm-ßn-bpw- e-bn-∏n-®pw- A-h- h-f-sc- th-K-Øn¬ tI-{μo-Ic - n-°s - ∏-Sp-Ib - p-am-Wv. hn-hc - k - m-t¶-Xn-I- hyh-km-b-Øn-epw -hn-h-c- hn-\n-a-b-Øn-epw -hn-I-kn-Xcm-Py-ß-fpw- tem-I-sØ- _m-°n-bp-≈- cm-Py-ß-fpw -X-Ωn-ep-≈- sIm-≈-sIm-Sp-°-I-fn¬- Xp-ey-X-bn-√ F-∂p- am-{X-a-√- h-ºn-® -A-k-a-Xz-߃ -\n-e-\n¬°p-∂p- F-∂- k-Xyw- C-hn-sS- a-d-®p-sh-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. hn-h-c- D-ev-]m-Z-\-Øn-s‚-bpw -ti-J-c-W-Øn-s‚-bpw hn-i-I-e-\-Øn-s‚-bpw -A-Xp-h-gn- A-h-bp-sS -km-ºØn-I-am-b-Xpw- A-[n-Im-c -ÿm-]-\-Øn-\m-bp-≈-Xp-

F‚¿-sS-bv-s∑‚ v) Np-h-Sp -am-‰-am-Wv- A-hn-tS-bpw \-Ωƒ -Im-Wp-∂-Xv; kn-\n-a- F-∂- Iq-‰≥ -sh-≈nØn-cb - n¬ \ - n-∂v, sS-en-hn-j\ - n-te-°pw, I-ºyq-´¿- tamWn-‰-dn-te-°pw- ]n-s∂ -sam-ss_-en-s‚- sIm-®p- Xnc-»o-eb - n-te-°pw D - ≈ - - kn-\n-ab - p-sS-bpw- Zr-iy-hn-t\mZ-ß-fp-tS-bpw -{]-bm-Ww -Cu- Zn-i-bn-te-°p -X-s∂bm-bn-cp-∂p. s]m-Xp-hm-b- hn-t\m-Z-߃-°pw- BtLm-j-߃-°pw -]-I-cw- ssh-b-‡n-I-am-b- hn-t\mZm-tLm-j-ß-tf-bpw, hy-‡n- F-∂ -D-]-t`m-‡m-hns\-bpw -tI-{μo-I-cn-°p-∂ -Cu -km-º-Øn-I -am-XrI-bv°v hen-b- H-cp- em-`m-h-k-c-hpw- A-Xn-s\ -km[m-c-W-am-°n-Øo¿-°m-\p-≈ -A-h-k-c-hp-am-bn- tImhn-Uv- H-cp-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

kn-\n-a F - ∂ - a - m-[y-aw, hy-hk - m-bw, I-e am-b -D-]-tbm-K-Øn-\p-ap-≈ -sI-ev-]n-s‚- Im-cy-Øn-hn-I-kn-X- cm-Py-߃-°p-≈ -ta¬-ss°- Zr-iy- am-[ya-cw-K-Øpw -{]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu- ]-›m-Ø-ewIq-Sn- tIm-hn-Uv- A-\-¥-c -Zr-iy- am-[y-a-ß-sf-°p-dn®v- kw-km-cn-°p-tºmƒ -Hm¿-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. tIm-hn-Uv- km-l-N-cyw- B-tKm-fo-b-X-bv-°v- B°w I - q-´p-Ib - pw- k-¶c - X - z-sØ- \n-e\ - n¿-Øp-Ib - pw- F∂m¬ -s]m-Xp-a-sb- ]-cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw- sNøp∂p.

Cu -]p-Xn-b- km-l-N-cyw -kn-\n-a- F-∂ -am-[y-aØn-s‚-bpw- I-em-\p-`-h-Øn-s‚-bpw- G-‰-hpw -{]-[m-\s∏-´ -H-cp- k-hn-ti-j-X-sb - A-Xm-b-Xv- s]m-Xp-a (]ªn-Iv-s\- v) F-∂- A-Xn-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-sØ BWv- km-c-am-b -co-Xn-bn¬-- ]-cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ -Hm- Sn- Sn- th-Zn-I-fp-sS -h-c-hn-s\-bpw- A-Xns‚ -{]-Nm-c-Øn-s\-bpw- \-Ωƒ- Cu- B-tKm-f- km-aqly cm-{„o-b- km-º-Øn-I- km-l-N-cy-Øn-epw-Iq-SnIm-tW-≠-Xp-≠v.

Cu- km-l-N-cyw- Un-Pn-‰¬- km-t¶-Xn-I -hn-Zybp-sS -{]-Nm-c-hpw- A-Xn-\v- C-\n- e-`n-°m≥ -t]m-Ip∂- k-Ω-Xn-bpw- A-[o-i-Xz-hp-am-bn-°q-Sn- _-‘-s∏´n-cn-°p-∂p: C-Xp- sh-dpw- km-t¶-Xn-I -hn-Zy-bp-sS -hnIm-k-tam- hy-‡n-bpsS ku-I-cy-tam- Bb X-e-ßfn¬ -Np-cp-°m-hp-∂- H-cp -{]-{In-b-tbm- A-√: A-XvB-tKm-f- aq-e-[-\-Øn-s‚-bpw, `-c-W-Iq-S-ß-fp-sS-bpwXm-ev-]-cy-ß-fp-am-bn- sI-´p-]n-W-™p- In-S-°p-∂ -H∂m-Wv. \-h -km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-I-fp-sS -Du-∂¬ -hy-‡nI-fpw- G-‰-hpw -A-Sn-ÿm-\-]-c-am-b- D-]-t`m-‡r -KW-am-b -Ip-Spw-_-hp-am-Wv: A-Xv hy‡n-]-c-am-b- GIm-¥-X-bn-te-°pw- Ip-Spw-_-]-c-hp-am-b- kz-Im-cy-Xbn-te-°pw- ]n-≥hen-bm≥- a-\p-jy-sc -k-lm-bn-°p∂p, A-s√-¶n¬- \n¿-_-‘n-°p-∂p. H-∏w -A-h-cp-sS Xm-ev-]-cy-ß-sf-bpw -{]-Xn-I-c-W-ß-sf-bpw- D-]-t`m-Kio-e-ß-sf-bpw- cp-Nn-I-tf-bpw- F-√mw- \n-c-¥-cw -]n¥p-S-cm-\pw- hn-i-I-e-\w- sN-øm-\pw -A-Xp-h-gn- A-hsb- \n-b-{¥n-°m-\pw- A-h¿-°p -I-gn-bp-∂p. b-Ym¿Y-Øn¬- C-Xp-Xs - ∂-bm-Wv ] - u-c∑ - m-sc- \n-b{- ¥n-°m≥ -`-c-W-Iq-S-Øn-\pw -B-h-iyw.

Un-Pn-‰¬- bp-Kw- B-cw-`n-®-Xp- ap-X¬- hn-t\m-Zhy-hk - m-bØ - n-s‚-bpw- Du-∂¬; s]m-Xp-hm-b- hn-t\mZ -C-S-߃-°pw- am-[y-a-߃-°pw -am-Xr-I-Iƒ-°pw ]-I-c-am-bn- ssh-b-‡n-I-hpw -kz-Im-cy-hpw -Kr-lm-[njvTn-X-hp-am-b -hn-t\m-Z-co-Xn-I-fn-te-°p-≈ (tlmw-

Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- kn-\n-a- F-∂ -am-[y-a-sØ, hy-hkm-b-sØ, I-e-sb -Cu -A-h-ÿ- Km-V-am-bn- kzm[o-\n-°p-I-bpw -am-‰p-I-bpw -sN-øpw- F-∂-Xn¬- kwi-b-an-√. ]-s£- A-Xn-s\- kn-\n-a-bp-sS- a-c-W-tamA-¥y-tam -B-bn- Im-tW-≠-Xp-an-√. am-[y-aw -F-∂\n-e-bn¬- kn-\n-a-bp-sS -km-t¶-Xn-I-X-I-tf-bpw- hyh-km-bw- F-∂- \n-e-bn¬- A-Xn-s‚ -\n¿-Ωm-W- hnX-cW - {- ]-Z¿-i\ - c - o-Xn-It- f-bpw- A-hb - p-sS- F-√mw- kmº-Øn-I -{I-a-ß-tf-bpw -\n-t£-]- co-Xn-I-tf-bpw Ie- F-∂ -\n-e-bv-°v- kn-\n-a -]-d-bm≥t]m-Ip-∂- I-YI-tf-bpw -A-h-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ t]m-Ip-∂- {]-ta-b-ß-tfbpw -Cu- am-‰w -Xo¿-®-bm-bpw -kzm-[o-\n-°pw, ]p\:kw-LS- n-∏n-°pw, ]p-Xn-b k - m-lN - c - y-߃-°\ - p-krX-am-bn- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øpw Hm -Sn- Sn- th-Zn-I-fpw -kn-\n-a-bpw -X-Ωn-ep-≈- apJm-ap-Jw- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw -Im-Wn-k-aq-l-sØ-bpw- Imgv-®m- hn-]-Wn-sb-bpw, Im-W¬-co-Xn-I-tf-bpw -{]-Z¿i-\- th-Zn-I-tf-bpw, H-∏w -D-≈-S-°-sØ-bpw- {]-ta-bß-tf-bpw- am-‰pw- F-∂-Xn¬- kw-i-b-an-√. kn-\n-a- F-∂- am-[y-aØ - n-\v- {]-Nm-cw e - `- n-®t- ∏mƒ\m-S-I-cw-K-Øn-\pw, sS-en-hn-j≥ -h-∂-t∏mƒ- kn-\nam- ta-J-e-bv-°pw, sam-ss_¬- t^m¨- t]m-ep-≈sN-dn-bX - pw- ssh-b‡ - n-Ih - p-am-b- hn-t\m-tZm-]I - c - W - k-t¶-Xß - ƒ- h-∂t- ∏mƒ- sS-en-hn-j\ - pw D - ≠ - m-b- AtX "Im-e-l-c-W-s∏-S¬- `o-Xn' am-{X-am-Wv- C-t∏mgpw -Im-Wp-∂-Xv. N-cn-{Xm-\p-`-hw- Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xv, ]pXp-Xm-bn -D-b¿-∂p-h-∂ -am-[y-a-ß-fpw -hn-t\m-Z -kt¶-X-ß-fpw- hm-kv-X-h-Øn¬ -ap-ºp-≈-Xn-\v- ]-I-c-amhp-Ib - pw- A-hs - c- C-√m-Xm-°p-Ib - p-a√ - - sN-bvX - X - v- F∂m-Wv. a-dn-®v, ]-c-kv-]-cw- kzm-[o-\n-°p-tºmƒ -Xs∂- ]p-Xn-b- am-[y-am-\p-`-h-ß-fp-sS- {]-Nm-cw- H-cp]p-Xn-b- t{]-£-I -k-aq-l-sØ-bpw -B-kzm-Z-\-co-Xnsb-bpw -kr-„n-°p-I-bm-Wv- sN-øp-∂-Xv. C-∂v- kn\n-a- F-∂- Zr-iy-hn-t\m-Zw -Xn-ø-‰-dn¬- am-{X-a-√, sSen-hn-j-\n-epw- a-‰p- sN-dp- Xn-c-»o-e-I-fn-epw -{]-Z¿-in∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw -B-kz-Zn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.

H-cn-°-epw- Xn-ø-‰-dn¬- t]m-bn- kn-\n-a- Im-Wm≥- km[y-X-bn-√m-Ø-h¿- Km¿-ln-I-hpw- ssh-b-‡n-I-hp-amb -k-t¶-X-ß-fn-eq-sS- kn-\n-am -t{]-£-I-cm-bn- am-dp∂p. kn-\n-a -sS-en-hn-j-\n¬- \n-∂zy- Xy-kv-X-am-b- Hcp -Zr-iym-\p-`-h-am-bn- kz-bw- ]p-\¿-\n¿-Ωn-°p-∂p, H∏w- sS-en-hn-j-\n-eq-sS -X-s∂ -{]-N-cn-°p-I-bpw- sNøp-∂p. sS-en-hn-j-\n-eq-sS -kn-\n-a- Im-Wp-∂-h-cp-sS -F-Æw- K-Wy-am-b- tXm-Xn¬- h¿-≤n-°p-tºmƒ- A-

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

35

h-sc-°q-Sn- ap-∂n¬- I-≠p-sIm-≠p-≈- co-Xn-bo¬ kn\n-a- kz-¥w -{]-ta-b-ß-tf-bpw- B-Jym-\-ß-tf-bpw]-cp-h-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. H-∂v- a-s‰m-∂n-s\- C-√m-Xm-°pI-tbm- H-∂n-s‚- hn-]-Wn-sb- Io-g-S-°p-I-tbm- A-√sN-øp-∂Xv k-¶o¿-W-am-b- co-Xn-bn¬- ]p-Xn-b- Imgv®m-io-e-ß-fpw- hn-]-W-\-co-Xn-I-fpw- A-Xp-h-gn- ]pXn-b- t{]-£-I -k-aq-l-ß-fpw- D-≠m-hp-I-bm-Wv- sNøp-∂-Xv. A-ßn-s\- t\m-°p-tºmƒ- Hm.Sn.Sn- th-Zn-Iƒ- kn\n-am- Xn-ø-‰-dp-I-sf-bpw- A-Ø-cw- {]-Z¿-i-\- co-Xn-Itf-bpw- Im-e-l-c-W-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-b-√- sN-øp-I-. a-dn®v- ]p-Xn-b -H-cp- Im-Wn- k-aq-l-sØ-bpw- hn-]-Wnsb-bpw -kr-„n-°p-I-bpw- A-Xn-\-\p-tbm-Py-am-b- BJym-\ -ssi-en-I-fpw- I-Y-I-fpw -sa-\-bp-I-bp-am-Wv. hn-t\m-Z- am-[ya- cw-K-Øn-s‚-bpw- hn-t\m-Z -km-t¶Xn-I-hn-Zy-I-fp-sS-bpw- N-cn-{Xw- A-Xm-Wv- kq-Nn-∏n-°p∂-Xv.

km-t¶-Xn-I- hn-Zy-bp-sS-bpw hn-]W - n-bp-sS-bpw- k-Ω¿-±w hn-h-c -km-t¶-Xn-I -hn-Zy-bn¬ -h-cp-∂- ap-t∂-‰ß-sf- A-hK - W - n-®p-sIm-t≠m- \n-b{- ¥n-®p-sIm-t≠mH-cp- hn-t\m-Z -hy-h-km-b-Øn-\pw- C-∂v- \n-e-\n¬-°m\m-hn-√. k-a-kv-X -ta-J-eI-fpw- B-tKm-fo-I-cn-I-s∏´- C-∂-sØ -tem-I-Øn¬- H-cp- {]-tZ-i-Øn-t\m -cm{„-Øn-t\m- t]m-epw- C-Ø-cw- km-t¶-Xn-I- X-cw-Kß-fn¬- \n-∂v- H-gn-™p-\n¬-°m-\m-hn-√. km-t¶-XnI-hn-Zy- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ -cw-K-ß-fn¬- ap-º-sØ-t∏mse- ]-g-b-Xpw -]p-Xn-b-Xp-am-b -co-Xn-Iƒ-°v- k-l-h¿Øn-°m≥- I-gn-bm-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. a-s‰m-∂v, hn-]-Wn-bp-sS-bpw- A-Xp-sIm-≠p- Xs∂- ap-X¬-ap-S-°n-s‚-bpw- \n¿-_-‘-ß-fpw -k-Ω¿±-ß-fp-am-Wv. - am-‰-Øn-s\m-∏w- \n¬-°p-I- F-∂-XvA-hn-sS- A-Xn-Po-h-\-Øn-s‚- `m-K-hpw- h-f¿-®-bv-°vA-\n-hm-cy-hp-am-Wv. ]p-Xn-b t- h-Zn-If - pw {- ]-t£-]W - hn-X-c-W- B-kzm-Z-\-co-Xn-Iƒ-°pw -H-∏-am-Wv- temIw. {]-tXy-In-®pw- bp-h-P-\-߃ - k-©-cn-°p-∂-XvF-∂X - n-\m¬ X - s - ∂- kz-¥w- t{]-£I - k - a - q-ls - Ø,h-f-cp-∂- hn-]-Wn-sb- Xr-]v-Xn-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa-¶n¬- hcp-∂- am-‰-ß-sf- \n-c-¥-c-am-bn- kzmw-io-I-cn-®p-sIm≠n-cp-t∂ -a-Xn-bm-hq.

C-¥y-bn¬- C-∂v- sIm-tdm-W-hym-[n- sIm-≠p-

≠m-b 'Xn-ø-‰¿- C-S-th-f' Cu- am-‰-Øn-\v- H-cp-Xz-c-Iam-bn- am-dp-I -am-{X-am-Wv- sN-bv-X-Xv. C-∂v- C-hn-sS kw-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂- t{]-£-I- io-e-ß-fn¬h-cp-∂- am-‰w- a-‰p- ]-e -{]-tZ-i-ß-fn-epw- cm-Py-ß-fnepw- t\-c-tØ -X-s∂ -kw-`-hn-®p- Xp-S-ßn-bn-cp-∂p.

Un-Pn-‰¬- Bƒ-°q-´-Øn-s‚ -cp-Nn- io-e-߃-°-\pkr-X-am-bn- \n¿-Ωm-W- hn-X-c-W-co-Xn-I-sf-bpw -hn-]Wn-X{- ¥-ßt- f-bpw a - m-‰p-Ib - pw- A-Xn-\m-hi - y-am-b- coXn-bn¬- D-≈-S-°-sØ- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bpw- sN-bvXp- F-∂-Xn-s‚- sX-fn-hm-Wv- C-∂v -Zr-iy-am-[y-a- hyh-km-b-cw-K-Øv- B-tKm-f- sS-en-ko-cn-b-ep-Iƒ-°pe-`n-°p-∂ -h-ºn-® -{]-Nm-cw. sK-bvw- Hm-^v- t{Xm¨kv, a-Wn-ln-b-Ãv, t\m¿-Ω¬- ]o-∏nƒ, I-Ωyq-Wn-‰nXp-S-ßn-b -hn-tZ-i- ]-c-º-c-Iƒ-°v- C-¥y-bn¬- e-`n®n-´p-≈ k - zo-Ic - W - h - pw k - zo-Im-cy-Xb - pw k - q-Nn-∏n-°p∂-Xv- t{]-£- k-aq-lØ - n¬, {]-tXy-In-®v bphm-°ƒ°n-S-bn¬- h-∂- am-‰-sØ-bm-Wv. C-Xn-s\- Xp-S¿-∂v C-¥y≥- `m-j-I-fn¬- \n¿-Ωn-°-s∏-´ -tk-{I-Uv- sKbnw-kv, ^m-an-en- am≥, sse-e, ]m-Xmƒ -tem-Iv, ]©m-b-Øv- Xp-S-ßn-b- ]-c-º-c-Iƒ -Cu- ]p-Xn-b- hn-]Wn-bp-sS- X-t±-io-b- km-[y-X-I-sf- X-s∂-bm-Wv- e£yw- sh-°p-∂-Xv. H-cp- ]-s£- kn-\n-a-sb-°m-f-[nIw- t{]-£-I- hym-]v-Xn- C-∂v- Cu- ]-c-º-c-Iƒ- t\-Snbn-´p-ap-≠v. H-∏w- D-≈-S-°-Øn-epw- A-h-X-c-W-Ønepw- Iq-Sp-X¬- \q-X-\-X-bpw- kzm-X-{¥y-hpw- C-h- ]pe¿-Øp-Ib - pw- sN-øp-∂p-≠v- F-∂p- th-Ww ] - d - b - m≥.

C-sX-√mw -kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv, km-{º-Zm-bn-I-amb -Xn-ø-‰¿- th-Zn-I-fpw A-Xn-s‚- t{]-£-I-cpw- Ct∏mƒ- X-s∂- am-dn-s°m-≠n-cn-°b - m-Wv- F-∂p-≈X - mWv. tIm-hn-Uv- Im-e-sØ- tem-Iv-sUu-Wpw- ho-´n-encn-∏pw- Cu- Zn-i-bn-ep-≈- am-‰-Øn-\v hºn-®- D-tØ-P\-hpw D - W - ¿-Δpw \ - ¬-Ip-Ib - pw- sN-bX v- p- F-∂p-am{Xw.

]p-Xn-b 'kva - m¿-S'v hn-]W - n C-¥y-bn-se -t{]-£-I- hn-]-Wn -C-Ø-c-Øn-ep≈ -H-cp- am-‰-Øn-\v X-øm-dm-tWm- F-∂-Xm-Wv- A-SpØ- tNm-Zyw. I-W-°p-Iƒ- hy-‡-am-°p-∂-Xv- C-∂v -C-¥y-bn¬ 19 tIm-Sn- ho-Sp-I-fn¬ -sS-en-hn-j≥- e-`yam-Wv- F-¶n¬- sam-ss_¬ -D-]-t`m-‡m-°-fp-sS- FÆw 65 tIm-Sn -I-hn-™n-cn-°p-∂p, A-h-cn¬ 40 tImSn -t]¿-s°-¶n-epw (aq-∂n¬ -c-≠p-t]¿-°v) 2020 HmsS- kv-am¿-Svt^m¨ -D-≠m-bn-cn-°pw- F-∂m-Wv- A\p-am-\w; A-Xpw -H-∂p -c-≠v h¿-j-߃-°p-≈n50 tIm-Sn- I-S-°pw -F-∂pw -{]-Xo-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v. Cu- I-W° - p-Iƒ k - q-Nn-∏n-°p-∂X - v sam-ss_¬t^m¨- t]m-ep-≈ -ssh-b-‡n-I-am-b- hn-t\m-Z- kt¶-X-ß-fn-te-°v- t{]-£-I¿- Np-h-Sp- am-dm-\p-≈- Ifw -H-cp-ßn-°-gn-™p- F-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.

Hm¨-sse≥- hn-Zym-`ym-kØ - n-s‚- hym-]\ - w tIm-hn-Uv- km-l-N-cyw -hn-Zym-`ym-k-sØ -ho-SpI-fn-te-°pw -Hm¨-sse≥ -th-Zn-I-fn-te-°pw- kw-{Ian-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. C-tXm-sS- hn-Zym¿-Yn-I-fp-≈- F-√mho-Sp-I-fpw- kv-am¿-Sv- B-hm-\pw -C‚¿-s\-‰v- _-‘-ap≈-Xm-Im-\pw- \n¿-_‘ - n-Xa - m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. C-Xv- Hm¨sse≥- Zr-iy-hn-t\m-Z- hy-h-km-b-߃-°v- H-cp- h-enb- th-Zn-bpw -hn-]-Wn-bp-am-Wv- Xp-d-∂p -sIm-Sp-Øn-cn°p-∂-Xv: hn-Zym-`ym-k-Øn-s‚ "Cu-h-gn'bn-eq-sS -IS-∂p-h-cm≥- t]m-Ip-∂-Xv hnZym-`ym-k-hpw- hn-h-c-ß-

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fpw- hm¿-Ø-I-fpw -am-{X-am-bn-cn-°n-√-, Zr-iy-hn-t\m-Z߃- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. C-Xv- Hm- Sn- Sn- th-Zn-I-fp-sS- h-enb -co-Xn-bn-ep-≈- hn-Im-k-Øn-\pw -hn-]-Wn-bn-te-°p≈ -I-S-∂p- I-b-‰-Øn-\pw (am¿-°-‰v- s]-\n-t{S-j≥) h-gn-sbm-cp-°n-°-gn-™p. tIm-hn-Uv Im-cW - w sS-en-hn-j\ - p-Iƒ h-en-b {]Xn-k-‘n t\-cn-Sp-I-bm-Wv. Im-bn-I -a-’-c-ß-fp-sSbpw a-‰pw X-’-a-b {]-t£-]-W-߃, ko-cn-b-epIƒ, dn-bm-en-‰n/Izn-kv Xp-S-ßn-b t{]-£-I- km-∂n≤yw B-h-iy-ap-≈ ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bp-sSsbm-s° \n¿-Ωm-Ww ap-S-ßn-b-tXm-sS ]-g-b ]-cn]m-Sn-Iƒ do-ssk-°nƒ sN-øp-I am-{X-ta am¿-§-ap≈q. ]n-s∂ A-h-cp-sS hn-t\m-Z-ß-fpw i-I-e-ß-fpsam-s°-bm-Wv. C-ßn-s\-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂ "hn-t\mZ- iq\y-Xm-th-f'sb C-∂v \n-d-bv-°p-∂-Xv C‚¿-s\‰n-eq-sS-bp-≈ ]-e-hn-[ Zr-iy-hn-t\m-Z D-≈-S-°-ßfm-Wv. A-h-bn¬ G-‰-hpw {]-ap-J-hpw {]-[m-\-s∏-´Xp-am-bX - v s\-‰v^ - ve - n-Ivk - v, B-at- km¨, tlm-Svà - m¿Xp-S-ßn-b Hm-Sn-Sn th-Zn-Iƒ X-s∂-bm-Wv. Cu IpSn-tb-‰-sØ t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p-hm-\pw B-°w Iq´p-hm-\pw D-X-Ip-∂ co-Xn-bn¬ A-h-sc-√mw X-ß-fpsS ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ- H-cp-°p-I-bpw h-cn-kw-Jym -\n-c-°pIƒ H-Xp-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xn-´p-≠v. C-Ø-cw Hm-Sn-Sn th-Zn-I-fp-sS G-‰-hpw h-en-b B-I¿-j-Ww A-h-bnep-≈ I-Ym-]-c-º-c-I-fm-Wv. ]-e- ko-k-Wp-I-fm-bn ]-S¿-∂p ]-¥-en-°p-∂ \m-S-Io-b-am-b B-Jym-\-ßfpw t{]-£-I-sc ]n-Sn-®n-cp-∂- hn-[-Øn-ep-≈ N-Sp-eam-b Zr-iy -]-cn-N-c-W-co-Xn-I-fpw km-t¶-Xn-I- an-Ihpw sIm-≠v A-h B-tKm-fo-b-am-b X-e-Øn¬-Xs∂ P-\-{]n-b-X t\-Sn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. sS-en-hnj≥ ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fp-sS ]-c-ky-an-{in-X-am-b ]-cn-]m-SnI-fn¬-\n-∂pw, A-Xn-s‚ {l-kz-I-Ym- cq-]-ß-fn¬-\n∂v- Zo¿-L-am-b- cq-]-ß-fn-te-°p-ap-≈ Cu Np-h-Spam-‰w Im-W¬co-Xn-I-tf-bpw am-‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. sSen-hn-j-s‚ Km¿-ln-Im-¥-co-£-Øn¬ -\n-∂pw sshb-‡n-I-am-b Im-W-en-te-°pw. a-s‰m-cp-]m-Sv hn-h-cß-fpw Zr-iy-i-I-e-ß-fpw sIm-≠v in-Yn-e-am-b sSen-hn-j-s‚ sIm-fm-jv Zr-iy-Øn¬- \n-∂pw G-Im-{Khpw A-Xn-s‚ H-gp-°n-\v bm-sXm-cp X-S- -hp-an-√mØ-Xp-am-b co-Xn-bn-em-Wv Cu ko-co-kp-If - p-sS Imgv®-b-\p-`-hw.

Im-Wn-I-fn¬ -A-an-Xm-k-‡n-bp-W¿-Øn- Xp-S¿®-bm-bn- a-Wn-°q-dp-I-tfm-fw -Im-Wm≥- t{]-cn-∏n-°p∂ (_n-©zyq-bnw-Kv) co-Xn-bn-te-°m-Wv- B-tKm-f -P\{]n-b -sS-en-ko-co-kp-Iƒ -\-sΩ- sIm-s≠-Øn-°p∂-Xv. Cu- Zr-iy-e-l-cn-bpw- B-Jym-\-Øn-s‚- ]n-cnap-dp-°-hpw- A-b-bm-sX-bpw -]-X-dm-sX-bpw -\n-e-\n¿Øp-I F-∂ e-£y-am-Wv- B- ko-cn-b-ep-I-fp-sS- LS-\-sb-bpw I-Y-]-d-®n¬- th-K-ß-sf-bpw -]-cn-Wm-aKp-]vX - n-Is - f-bpw F-]n-tkm-Uv hn-`P - \ - ß - s - f-bpw F√mw \n¿-W-bn-°p-∂-Xv. Xn-ø-‰-dn¬- sN-∂v- hen-bXn-c-»o-e-bn¬- kn-\n-a- Im-Wp-∂ -A-\p-`-h-hp-am-bnC-Xn-\p- h-en-b X - m-cX - a - y-sam-∂p-an-s√-¶n-epw- t{]-£I-sc- A-Xn-s‚- B-I¿-j-W- h-e-b-Øn-epw- e-l-cnØp-S¿-®-bn-epw- ]n-Sn-®p-\n¿-Øm-\pw A-Xn-s\- H-cpio-e-am-°n- am-‰n-sb-Sp-°m-\p-ap-≈- sI-ev-]pw- tIm∏pw -Hm-Sn-Sn -th-Zn-Iƒ-°pw -D-≈-S-°-Øn-\p-ap-≠v.

C-sX-√mw- kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv- Hm-Sn-Sn- th-Zn-Iƒ°v- {]-Nm-c-ta-dp-∂-tXm-sS- sS-en-hn-j≥ -ta-J-e-bn-

epw- A-Xv hen-b- co-Xn-bn-ep-≈- N-e-\-߃ -D-≠m°pw- F-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv D-≈-S-°-Øn-s‚-bpw -A-h-X-cW-Øn-s‚-bpw- Im-Wn-I-sf -]-s¶-Sp-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-epwa-‰pw -Iq-Sp-X¬- ]-co-£-W-߃- sS-en-hn-j≥ -cw-Kw\-S-Øm-\n-S-bp-≠v. Cu- ]p-Xn-b- km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ sS-en-hn-j\ - v- kn-\n-ab - n-ep-≈ B - {- i-bw h - ¿-≤n-°p-hm\p-≈- km-[y-X-bp-≈-Xn-\m¬- AXv kn-\n-am- hy-hkm-b-sØ -a-s‰m-cp- co-Xn-bn¬- k-lm-bn-s®-∂pw- hcmw.

]p-Xn-b- Xn-ci - o-eI - f - p-sS- Im-es - Ø- kn-\n-a Zr-iy-hn-t\m-Z -cw-K-Øv- sS-en-hn-j-\p-am-bn- a-’cn-t°-≠n- h-∂- k-μ¿-`-Øn¬- kn-\n-a- Iq-Sp-X¬ -hep-Xpw- \n¿-Ωm-W a - n-It- h-dn-bX - pw Z- r-iy- {im-hy- kvs]jy¬- C-^-Œp-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠v hnkv-a-bn-∏n°p-∂-Xpw- B-bn-am-dn; A-Xpt]m-se -Hm -Sn- Sn- \¬Ip-∂ -D-ev-]-∂-ß-fp-sS -ssh-hn-[y-sØ-bpw -km-t¶Xn-I -an-I-hn-s\-bpw- \n¿-Ωm-W -aq-ey-ß-sf-bpw- t\cn-S-W-sa-¶n¬- kn-\n-am -hy-h-km-bw- Im-Wn-I-sf- ]nSn-®p-\n¿-Øm-\pw -bp-hm-°-sf -B-I¿-jn-°m-\pw -kzbw -]p-Xp-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. H-cp- ]-s£- kn-\n-a-sb AXn-\p {]m-]v-X-am-°p-∂-Xv C-\n-bpw -\-„-s∏-Sm-Ø A-Xn-s‚ am-bn-IX - b - m-Wv: Xn-ø‰ - d - n-\I - s - Ø C-cp-´nIm-Wn-I-fp-sS -H-∂n-®m-sW-¶n-epw- H-‰-°p-≈ -C-cn-∏v, h-en-b -Xn-c-»o-e-bn¬ -{]-t£-]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂- Zr-iy߃, X-s∂- C-cp-∂p-≈- H-fn-™p-t\m-´- kp-Jw, sshIm-cn-I-am-bn t{]-£-I-sc-bm-sI Nq-gv-∂p-\n¬-°p-∂ Zr-iy-{im-hy A-¥-co-£w, h-en-b _nw-_-ß-fp-≠m°p-∂ X-Sp-Øp-\n¿-Øm-\m-hm-Ø km-fly-t{]-c-W, C-sX-√mw- Iq-Sn -kr-„n-°p-∂ -]-cn-k-c-t_m-[w -\-„s∏-Sp-Øp-∂- H-cp -Zr-iy-e-l-cn-bpw B- A-\p-`-h-Øns‚- A-\-\y-X-bpw- l-c-hp-am-Wv- kn-\n-a-bp-sS F-∂tØ-bpw i-‡n.

H-cp -]-s£- ]p-Xn-b -th-Zn-Iƒ- sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂sh-√p-hn-fn, kn-\n-a-bn¬- C-∂v- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂- ]-eX-cw -A-[o-i-Xz-ß-sf-bpw- A-´n-a-dn-°m-\pw -]p-Xn-b -co-Xn-bn¬- A-Xn-s‚- {In-bm-fl-I-X-sb-bpw- hn-`-h-ßsf-bpw- ]p-\¿-hn-\y-kn-°m-\p-ap-≈- A-h-k-cw -Iq-Snbm-Wv. Hm-Sn-Sn- th-Zn-Iƒ- A-\p-`h - n-°p-∂ a - s - ‰m-cp- sku-

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I-cyw -C-t∏mƒ- kn-\n-a-bp-sS- ap-I-fn-ep-≈-Xp- t]mep-≈ -I¿-i-\-am-b- sk≥-k¿- \n-b-a-ß-fn-√ F-∂p≈-Xm-Wv. X¬-°m-ew- Cu "kzm-X-{¥yw' Hm-Sn-Sn th-Zn-Iƒ A-\p-`-hn-°p-∂p-≠v F-¶n-epw- A-Xv Xp-Scm-\n-S-bn-√. a-s‰-√m -ta-J-e-I-fn-ep-ap-≈- \n-b-{¥-W߃- \n-c-¥-cw- I¿-°-i-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂- cm{„o-b- km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ Cu- A-h-ÿ- A-[n-I- Imew- \n-e-\n¬-°m-\n-S-bn-√.. A-Ø-cw- th-Zn-I-fp-sShym-]-\w -h¿-≤n-°p-∂-tXm-sS- C-t∏m-g-h¿- A-\p-`hn-°p-∂- Xm-c-X-tay-\-bp-≈ -kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚ -apI-fn¬- \n-b-{¥-W-߃- h-cm-\m-Wv- km-[y-X.

Im-Wn- ]-£w t{]-£-I -k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ -`m-K-Øp-\n-∂v- t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ -Cu -Np-h-Sp- am-‰w -F-ßn-s\-sbms° -B-bn-cn-°pw -A-h-cp-sS -Xm-ev-]-cy-ß-sf-bpw Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏p-I-sf-bpw -_m-[n-°p-hm≥- t]m-Ip-∂Xv? Im-Wn-sb- kw-_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw -{]-[m-\-s∏-´kw-K-Xn-Iƒ- hn-t\m-Z-Øn-\p-≈- Nn-e-hn-ep-≈- Ip-dhv, Im-gv® - b - \ - p-`h - Ø - n-se- kz-Im-cy-X, B-hi - y-ap-≈Xv Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm-\p-≈- kzm-X-{¥yw, D-≈-S-°Øn-se -ssh-hn-[yw, km-t¶-Xn-I- \n-e-hm-cw- Xp-Sßn-b-h-bm-Wv. C-t∏mƒ-X-s∂ -kn-\n-am- Sn-°-‰n-s‚hn-e-Iq-Sm≥- km-[y-X-bp-≠v- F-∂p-≈ -kq-N-\-I-fp≠v, A-Xv Hm -Sn- Sn th-Zn-I-fn-te-°v Iq-Sp-X¬ t{]£-I-sc A-Sp-∏n-°m-\pw km-[y-X-bp-≠v.]-s£- D≈-S-°- ssh-hn-[y-Øn-s‚ -Im-cy-Øn¬- Hm-Sn-Sn-IƒF-ßn-s\-bm-bn-cn-°pw- ]p-tcm-K-an-°p-I- F-∂-Xv "I≠'dn-tb-≠- Im-cy-am-Wv

A¬-tKm-cn-Xß - f - p-sS A - [ - o-iX - zw Im-Wn-If - p-sS- ssh-hn-[y-Øn-\pw Xm-e] v- c - y-߃°p-a-\p-k-cn-®v- C-Ø-cw th-Zn-Iƒ ssh-hn-[y-]q¿-W-

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]mT-t`-Zw

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am-b- D-ev-]-∂-߃- \n¿-Ωn-°pw- F-∂- e-fn-X -I-®-hS-bp-‡n- C-hn-sS b-Ym¿-∞-Øn¬- F-{X-I-≠v- kw-KX-am-Wv- F-∂v B-tem-Nn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Hm-Sn-Sn- th-ZnI-fp-sS -Im-cy-Øn¬- D-≈-S-°-Øn-s‚- Zn-i-bpw- cq-]hpw- \n¿-W-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- Im-Wn-I-fp-sS- cp-Nn-ioe-ß-sf- kw-_-‘n-®p-≈- hn-h-c-ti-J-c-Øn-s‚ hn-iI-e-\-Øn¬- \n-∂p-≈ kq-N-\-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw. Im-Wn°q-´Ø - n-s‚-{]-Xn-Ic - W - ß - ƒ (B-cv, G-Xp k - a - b - Ø - v, F-hn-sS, G-sXm-s° -kn-\n-a-Iƒ/ko-cn-b-ep-Iƒ- F{X -k-a-bw- F-Xp-h-sc- Im-Wp-∂p- Xp-S-ßn-b- hn-i-Zhpw ssh-b-‡n-I-hp-am-b hn-h-c-߃) ti-J-cn-®v- kam-l-cn-®v- A-Xn-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ -td-‰nw-Kv- Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bpw- A-Xn-\-\p-k-cn-®v- D-≈-S-°-Øn-s‚ an-{i-hpw ko-cn-b-ep-I-fp-sS- K-Xn-hn-K-Xn-I-fpw- \n¿-Wbn-°p-I-bm-Wv A-Xn-s‚ co-Xn. \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ hn]-Wn-bp-sS cp-Nn-io-e-߃-°-\p-kr-X-am-bn- D-≈-S-°sØ- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv A-h¿ sN-øp-∂-Xv. hnh-c- ti-Jc - ß - s - fA - S- n-ÿm-\a - m-°n-bp-≈- A¬-tKmcn-X-߃ -D-≈-S-°-sØ- \n¿-W-bn-°p-∂- Cu -co-XnZo¿-LI - m-eØ - n¬ s - sh-hn-[y-sØ- ]-cn-an-Xs - ∏-Sp-ØpI-bm-Wv- sN-øp-I. F-s¥-∂m¬- Bƒ-°q-´- A¬tKm-cn-X-߃- G-‰-hpw -i-cm-i-cn- cp-Nn-I-tf-bpw- io-eß-sf-bp-am-Wv- ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-°p-I, A-Xp-sIm-≠p- X-s∂i-cm-i-cn-bn¬- \n-∂p- hy-Xn-N-en-°p-∂-h-sb- A-Xv- Ft∏m-gpw- \n-cp-’m-ls - ∏-Sp-Øp-Ib - m-Wv- ]-Xn-hv- F-∂mWv- s]m-Xp-sh-bp-≈- A-\p-`h - w. D-Zm-lc - W - Ø - n-\v BtKm-f- X-e-Øn-ep-≈ sS-en-hn-j≥ hy-h-km-b- ]T-\߃ -kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv- D-≈-S-°-Øn-se- ssh-hn-[ysØ-°m-f-[n-Iw- hn-]-Wn-bp-‡n- sIm-≠p-h-cn-I- kao-I-c-W-am-Wv- F-∂m-Wv. a-s‰m-∂v C-Ø-cw Hm-Sn-Sn th-Zn-Iƒ Hm-tcm cm-Py-Øpw A-Xn-s‚ hn-]-Wn hn-Ikn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\-\p-k-cn-®v A-Xm-Xn-S-ß-fn-se `-c-WIq-Sß - f - p-am-bn-°q-Sn H-Øp-Xo¿-∏p-If - n-se-Øp-Ib - m-Wv ]-Xn-hv. A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ Nn-e -P-\p- p-Iƒ-°v P-\-{]o-Xn, Xm-c-km-∂n-≤yw, hn-hm-Z-aq-eyw- Xp-S-ßnb-h-bv-°v- ap≥-Xq-°-ap-≈-h am-{X-am-Wv- A-hn-sS- XpS¿- km-∂n-≤y-ß-fp-≠m-hp-I. k-am-¥-c-sa-t∂m, ]co-£W - m-flI - s - a-t∂m, hy-hÿ - mh - n-cp-≤s - a-t∂m hnfn-°m-hp-∂- Nn-{X-߃- {I-ta-W ]p-d-¥-≈-s∏-Sp-Ibm-Wv ]-Xn-hv. D-s≠-¶n¬-X-s∂ -X-߃ -D-≈-S-°ssh-hn-[yw- ]p-e¿-Øp-∂h - c - m-Wv- F-∂v- A-hI - m-is - ∏Sm≥ -am-{X-ap-≈ -an-\n-aw tSm-°¨- km-∂n-≤y-am-bncn-°pw- A-Xv. C-ß-s\- t\m-°p-tºmƒ- Hm-Sn-Sn- th-Zn-Iƒ- kn\n-ab - p-sS- kmw-KX - y-sØ-bpw P-\{- ]n-bX - tb-bpw Imgv®-b\ - p-`h - s - Ø-bpw- H-cn-°e - pw C - √ - m-Xm-°p-hm≥- t]mIp-∂n-√. sS-en-hn-j≥ A-\-¥-c- kn-\n-a am-dn-b-Xpt]m-se C-∂pw am-dp-∂/am-dn-b Zr-iym-¥-co-£-Ønt\m-Sv {]-Xn-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠v kn-\n-a ]p-\¿-\n¿-Ωn-°phm-\pw kz-¥w em-h-Wy-sØ-bpw B-Jym-\-co-Xn-Itf-bpw {]-ta-b-ß-sf-bp a-‰pw ]p-\-cm-hn-jv-°-cn-°phm-\p-am-Wv km-[y-X. ko-cn-b-ep-I-fp-sS- ssZ¿-Ly-sØ {l-kz-k-a-b Zr-iym-\p-`-h-Øn-s‚ Xo-{h-X-bn-eq-sS-bpw- ]-c-º-c-Ifp-sS ]-cn-N-c-W- th-K-X-sb- kn-\-a-bv-°p- am-{Xw km[y-am-Ip-∂ [ym-\m-fl-I-X- sIm-≠pw -i-–-tLm-jß-sf- au-\w s - Im-≠pw, Zr-iy-Pm-eß - s - f Z- r-iy-ssZ¿Lyw -sIm-≠pw- kn-\n-a- a-dn-I-S-°pw F-∂p {]-Xo£n-°mw.

s]m-Xp-ab - p-sS B-tLm-jw a-‰p- ]-e-X-cw Zr-iy -am-[y-a-߃-°v- {]-Nm-cw- e-`n-®n-´pw km-{º-Zm-bn-I -cq-]-Øn-ep-≈- kn-\n-a -\n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xpw AXn-s‚ am-bn-I-X \-„-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xpw A-Xn-s‚ G-‰-hpwh-en-b- k-hn-ti-jX - b - m-b "s]m-Xp-a' aq-ea - m-bn-cn-°pw. H-cp s]mXp-ÿ-e-Øv A-]-cn-Nn-X-cp-sS H-cp Iq-´w H-∂n-®n-cp-∂v kn-\n-a Im-Wp-I F-∂ A-\p-`-h-sØ- a-s‰m-cp- am-[y-a-Øn-\pw -]-I-cw sh-°m-\m-bn-´n-√. k-hn-ti-ja - m-b Cu ssh-Im-cn-Im-\p-`h - Ø - ns‚- Im-X¬- A-Xn-s‚ -s]m-Xp-a-bm-Wv. A-Xv- H-cp- ]-s£- kaq-l-Po-hn- F-∂ -\n-e-bn¬ -a-\p-jy-s‚- G-‰-hpw- {]m-Ir-X-hpwau-en-I-hp-am-b- tNm-Z-\- Iq-Sn- B-bn-cn-°mw A-Xv. A-XpsIm≠p -X-s∂- kn-\n-a- F-∂- am-[y-a-hpw -I-em-cq-]-hpw- A-Xn-s‚ Xn-ø-‰¿ -{]-Z¿-i-\- A-c-ßp-I-fpw- H-cn-°-epw- Im-e-l-c-W-s∏Sm≥ km-[y-X-bp-an-√ H-cp -]-s£ -`m-hn-bn¬ -kn-\n-a-bpw- \-h-am-[y-a- k-t¶-Xß-fpw- A-h-bp-sS- G-‰-hpw -sau-en-I-am-b- X-\-Xp-kz-`m-h-߃ -\n-e-\n¿-Øp-I-bpw -A-h-bp-sS -A-\-\y-am-b- A-\p-`-h/{]-Im-i\- km-[y-X-I-sf- Iq-Sp-X¬- k¿-§m-fl-I-hpw- k-a-Im-en-I-hpw B-°p-I-bm-hpw -sN-øp-I. ho-Sn-s‚ -Np-a-cp-Iƒ-°p-≈n¬- \n∂v- Xn-ø-‰-dn-s‚- hn-im-e-X-bn-te-°pw, ko-cn-b-ep-I-fp-sS- Zo¿L -l-c-ß-fn¬- \n-∂v- kn-\n-a-bp-sS -{l-kz- [ym-\-ß-fn-te-°pw -kz-Im-cy- e-l-cn-I-fn¬- \n-∂v- s]m-Xp- B-tLm-j-ß-fn-te-°pwk-aq-l-Po-hn-bm-b- a-\p-jy-\v- k-©-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°m-\m-hn-√. ]ucXz-sØ -D-]-t`m-‡m-hv- F-∂ -kz-Xz-Øn-te-°pw s]m-Xp-a-sb- kz-Im-cy-X-I-fp-sS- B-tLm-jw- sIm-≠pw -a-d°m-\pw -a-d-bv-°m-\pw -{i-an-°p-∂ -tIm-hn-Uv- A-\-¥-c-Im-e-Øvs]m-Xp-as - b-bpw- s]m-Xp-P\ - s - Ø-bpw- s]m-Xp-`m-h\ - s - b-bpw- kn\n-a-bn-epw- kn-\n-a-bn-te-°pw- sIm-≠p-h-cn-I- F-∂-Xv- H-cp- cm{„o-b- Zu-Xyw- Iq-Sn-bm-bn-am-dp-∂p t\-c-sØ- kq-Nn-∏n-®-Xp-t]m-se- Cu- {]-Xn-k-‘n- kn-\nam-‰n-Iv- `m-h-\-sb-bpw -am-‰n- a-dn-°m-Xn-cn-°n-√ hy-‡n-sb-bpw, k-aq-l-sØ-bpw- km-aq-ln-I-X-sb-bpw -a-\p-jy-hw-i-sØ- Ipdn-®p-≈- Xn-I-®pw -hy-Xy-kv-X-hpw -ssP-hn-I-hp-am-b- _-Z¬- `mh-\-I-sf- Cu -k-μ¿-`w -D-tØ-Pn-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-°n-√. kmw-kv-°mcn-I- aq-e-[-\-Øn-s‚-bpw- `m-h-\-bp-sS-bpw- B-tKm-f-X-e-Øn-ep≈- G-Io-I-c-W-sØ-bpw -tI-{μo-I-c-W-sØ-bpw- Ip-dn-®v- A-cnIp-I-fn¬- \n-∂v- Nn-¥n-°m-\pw- Iq-Sn -Cu -{]-Xn-k-‘n- k-lmbn-t®-°pw. D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, tem-I -kn-\n-a-bn¬- F-∂pw kz-bw -B-tKm-f -kw-c-£-I-cpw -a-\p-jy-hw-i-Øn-s‚- t]m-cmfn-I-fp-am-bn- kz-bw- A-h-tcm-[n-®n-cp-∂- tlm-fn-hp-Uv-kn-\n-a-bv°pw- A-Xn-s‚- `u-a-c-£-I- B-Jym-\-߃-°pw -A-Xn-s‚ -{]`-h-am-bn- {]-Xn-jvTn-°-s∏-´- A-ta-cn-°≥- A-l-¥-bv-°pw- h-enb -aq-ey-tim-j-Ww- C-∂p-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. A-Xv- tem-I -kn-\n-amcw-K-sØ hy-h-km-bw- F-∂- \n-e-bv-°v- am-{X-a-√- I-e- F-∂ \n-e-bv-°pw tlm-fo-hp-Uv- t\-Sn-bn-´p-≈- A-[o-i-Xz-Øn-\pw- AXv- {]-k-cn-∏n-®p -sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ -`m-h-\m- hy-h-ÿ-bv-°pw- G‰- I-\-Ø- Xn-cn-®-Sn- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. tIm-hn-Uv hym-[n-∏-S¿-®-tbmSp-≈ -Hm-tcm- cm-{„-Øn-s‚-bpw -{]-Xn-I-c-Ww -sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂-Xv, A-Xm-Xv- tZ-i-cm-{„-߃- Xp-S¿-∂ph-∂ -km-aq-ln-I-hpw -km-º-Øn-I-hpw- B-b -\-b-ß-fp-sS- i-‡n -Zu¿-_-ey-ß-sf°q-Sn-bm-Wv; A-Xv- s]m-Xp- k-º-Øn-s‚-bpw -s]m-Xp-hm-b-Xns‚-bpw- D-S-a-ÿ-X-sb-°p-dn-®p- am-{X-a-√, H-cp- k-aq-l-hpw t]m-‰n- h-f¿-Øn-b- [m¿-Ωn-I -k-º-Zvhy-h-ÿ-sb- Ip-dn-®p-Iq-Snkq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v: ]-cn-N-c-Ww, A-\p-I-º, {i-≤, F-∂n-hsb-°p-dn-s®-√mw -Hm-tcm- k-º-Zzy-h-ÿ-bpw- ]p-e¿-Øn-h-cp-∂ [m-c-W-I-tf-bpw -A-h-sb -F-√mw -A-Sn-Ø-d-bm-°n-b- ÿm-]\-ß-sf-bpw- Ip-dn-®p-≈- A-Sn-ÿm-\-]-c-am-b- Nn-e -tNm-Zy-߃Cu -k-μ¿-`w -D-∂-bn-°p-∂p-≠v.

tSm¨ t]m-eo-knw-Kv ( Tone Policing )

H-cm-fp-sS hm-Z-K-Xn-sb ]-cm-P-b-s∏-SpØp-∂X - n-\v B hm-ZØ - n-s‚ D-≈S- ° - s - Ø A-h-K-Wn-®v, A-Xn-s‚ A-h-X-c-W-co-Xnsb hn-a¿-in-°p-∂-Xm-Wv tSm¨ t]m-eoknw-Kv. k-aq-l-Øn-se D-b¿-∂-h¿ Xm-gv∂-h-sc kw-hm-Z th-Zn-bn¬ tXm-ev∏n-°p∂-Xv ]-e-t∏m-gpw Cu hn-[-Øn-em-Wv. "Cß-s\-bm-tWm C-sXm-s° ]-d-tb-≠Xv?'F-∂v ]-d-bp-∂-bm-fp-sS ssh-Im-cn-IX-sb, ]-Z -ip-≤n-sb, k-`y-X-sb, i-co-c N-e\ - ß - s - f-sb-√mw {]-Xn-°q-´n¬ \n¿-Øn, kw-hm-Z-sØ h-gn-Xn-cn-®p-hn-Sp-∂ co-Xn-bmWn-Xv. kv-{Xo-Iƒ A-S-°-tØm-Spw H-Xp-°tØm-Spw H-® Xm-gv-Øn-bpw kw-km-cn-°W-sa-∂ s]m-Xp-t_m-[s - Ø ap≥-\n¿-Øn, kv-{Xo-bp-sS i-–-sam-∂p-b¿-∂p t]mbm¬ A-Xn-s‚ t]-cn¬ am-{Xw, A-h-cpsS hm-Zw F-{X aq-ey-h-Øm-bn-cp-∂mt]m-epw, hn-a¿-in-°p-∂-Xv km-[m-c-W-bmWv. I-dp-Ø-h¿, Z-fn-X¿, kv-{Xo-Iƒ, Ip´n-Iƒ, {Km-ao-W¿, hn-Zym-`ym-kw Ip-d-™h¿ Xp-S-ßn-b-h-cm-Wv tSm¨ t]m-eo-knwKn-\v s]m-Xp-th C-c-bm-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. kwhm-Z-ß-fn¬ ssh-Im-cn-I-am-bn C-S-s]-Sp∂-h¿ A-Xn-s‚ t]-cn¬ X-s∂ tSm¨ t]m-eo-knw-Kn-\v hn-t[-b-cm-Im-dp-≠v.

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

39

sF-Iy-cm-jv-{S k-` @ 75

]-g-b bp-≤-Øn¬ \n-∂v ]p-Xn-b bp-≤-ap-J-tØ-°v kp\nXm \mcmb¨

k-am-[m-\w, kp-c-£n-X-Xzw F∂o hn-j-b-ß-fn¬ B-tKm-f A`n-{]m-b k-a-\z-bw cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øp∂-Xn-\m-bm-Wv c-≠mw tem-I -bp≤-Øn-\v ti-jw, sF-Iy-cm-jv{- S-k` cq-]o-Ir-X-am-hp-∂-Xv. F-∂mCu h¿-js - Ø sh¿-Nz¬ P-\d - A-kw-ªn- \-S-∂-Xv tem-Iw Iq-SpX¬ hn-`m-Ko-b-hpw B-tKm-f- kl-I-c-W-Øn-s‚ Im-cy-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ {I-a-c-ln-X-hp-am-b k-μ¿-`Øn-em-Wv. H-tc cm-Py-Øn-se-bpw hn-hn-[ cm-Py-ß-fn-se-bpw P-\߃-°n-S-bn¬ A-c-£n-X-t_m-[hpw sh-dp-∏pw \n-d™ n-cn-°p-∂X - pam-b A-h-k-cw Iq-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv. A-t∏mƒ sF-Iy-cm-j{-v S-k`- b - psS `m-hn-sb-¥m-Wv? C-Xp-h-sc-bn√m-Ø-hn-[w ]-c-kv-]-cw _-‘n-Xhpw B-{in-X-hp-am-b H-cp tem-IØn¬ Po-hn-°p-∂ A-hk - c - Ø - n-emWv C-Øc - s - am-cp tNm-Zyw D-b¿-Øp∂-Xv. sIm-tdm-W F-∂ a-lm-amcn tem-I-Øn-se k-º-Zv-hy-h-ÿI-sf X-I¿-sØ-dn-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

A-Xn-s‚ hym-]-\-am-I-s´ Ip-d-bp∂-Xn-s‚ e-£-W-sam-∂pw Im-Wn°p-∂pan-√. tem-I-Øn-s‚ G-sX¶n-ep-sam-cp tIm-Wn¬ ssh-d-kv _m-[ A-ht- i-jn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬

40

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

A-Xv hym-]n-°p-sa-∂-Xm-Wv bmYm¿-∞yw. A-Xn-\m¬ X-s∂ Cu a-lm-am-cn-sb {]-Xn-tcm-[n-°p-∂X - n\v, a-c-W-\n-c-°v Ip-d-°p-∂-Xn-\v, km-º-Øn-I \n-e sa-®-s∏-Sp-Øp∂-Xn-\v, hm-Kv-Zm-\w sN-ø-s∏-´ acp-∂v F-√m-hc - n-te-°pw F-Øn-°p∂-Xn-\v F-√mw B-tKm-f -k-l-Ic-Ww A-Xym-h-iy-am-Wv. cm-Py-ßsf-√mw H-∂n-®v {]-h¿-Øn-t°-≠Xv A- \ n- h m- c y- a m- W v . \- a p- ° - X dnbmw.

A-tX-k-a-bw, cm-jv-{S-ß-fp-sS ]-c-am-[n-Im-c ko-a-I-sf A-{]-k‡-am-°p-∂ "Im-em-h-ÿ A-Sn-b¥-cm-hÿ ' F-∂ a-s‰m-cp Zp-c¥ - w hm-Xn-ep-If - n¬ ap-´p-∂p-≠v. \-ap-°v s]m-Xp-hm-sbm-cp B-tKm-f A-¥co-£a - m-Wp-≈s - X-∂X - pw F-√m-h¿°pw _m-[I - a - m-Ip-∂ \n-ba - ß - f - pw \n-b-{¥-W-ß-fp-an-s√-¶n¬ F-√m cm-Py-ß-fpw B A-¥-co-£-sØ a-en-\o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv Xp-S-cp-sa-∂Xpw h-kv-Xp-X-bm-Wv. i-‡-∑m-sc h-I-sh-°m-sX F-√m-h-sc-bpw Hcp-t]m-se \n-b-{¥n-°p-hm-\pw \nb-aß - ƒ H-cp-t]m-se \-S∏ - m-°p-hm\pw {]-ÿm-\-߃ Iq-Sn-tb Xocq. A-Xm-Wv C-∂-sØ B-h-iysa-∂pw \-ap-°-dn-bmw. sF-Iy-cm-jv-{S k-` 75 ¬ FØp-∂ Cu A-h-k-c-Øn¬ temI-Øv h-en-b {[p-ho-I-c-Ww kw-`-

hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ib - m-sW-∂v Xncn-®d - n-tb-≠X - p-≠.v hn-hc - ß - f - pw Adn-hpw {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpw A-\m-bmkw e-`y-am-Ip-∂ Xp-d-∂ k-aq-l߃ cq-]-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠, P-\m-[n-]Xy-Øn-s‚ G-‰h - pw \n¿-Æm-bI - a - mb D-]-I-c-W-߃ t\-sc F-Xn-cmbm-Wv {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂X - v. A-h kaq-l-ß-sf Iq-Sp-X¬ A-S-™-Xm°p-∂p. hn-h-c-ß-fpw A-dn-hpw e`y-a-√m-Xm-°p-∂p. k-aq-l-ß-sf Iq-Sp-X¬ Iq-Sp-X¬ hn-`-Pn-°p-Ibpw {[p-ho-I-cn-°p-I-bpw sN-øp∂p. C-Xn-s∂m-cp k-Xy-am-Wv. Xpd-∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xy k-aq-l-ß-fnh-kn-°p-∂ \-Ωƒ Hm-tcm-cp-Øt- cbpw A-Xv am-‰n-a-dn-°p-∂p. A-Xv \ap-°-dn-bm-hp-∂ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sØbpw am-‰p-∂p. sF-Iy-cm-jv{- S-k` - b - p-sS 75˛mw hm¿-jn-Im-tjm-Lß - f - n-se B-Xy¥n-Ia - m-b hn-tcm-[m-`m-kw c-≠v apJy-{]-`m-jW - ß - f - p-sS Im-cy-Øn-embn-cp-∂p. sUm-Wmƒ-Uv {Sw-]v, kzX-{¥ -tem-I-Øn-s‚ {]-kn-U-s≠∂ \n-e-bn¬ A-ta-cn-°-sb-°p-dn®m-Wv {]m-Y-an-I-am-bpw kw-km-cn®-Xv. ssN-\-bp-sS {]-[m-\-a-{¥n B-I-s´ P-\m-[n-]-Xy-aq-ey-ß-sf°p-dn-®pw. P-\m-[n-]X - y-Øn-s‚ Cu am-Xr-II - ƒ (A-ßs - \ hn-fn-°m-sa¶n¬) \-S-∏p-co-Xn-bm-hp-I-bm-Wv. H-cp bp-≤-Øn-s‚ A-h-km-\Øn¬ \n-∂m-Wv sF-Iy-cm-jv{- S-k` - bp-sS B-cw-`w. C∂v \-Ωƒ a-s‰m-cp bp-≤-Øn-s‚ ]-Snhm-Xn¬-°e - m-Wv ˛ \-ap-s°-√mw Xn-cn®-dn-bm-\m-hp-∂X - pt]m-se C-Øh - W A-Xv P-\m-[n-]X - ytØm-Sp-≈ bp-≤am-Wv.

tIm-ssh-bn-se ⁄m-\n-sb-∏-‰n

]p-Xn-b-sXm-∂pw A-\y-a-√ A-ar-Xv-em¬

X-

an-gn-se \n-c-h-[n sN-dp-am-knI-I-fp-sS ]-{Xm-[n-]-cpw I-hn-bpw am¿-Ik v- n-Ãp \n-cq-]I - \ - p-am-bn-cp-∂ tIm-ssh ⁄m-\n Cu-bn-sS 85˛ma-sØ h-b- n¬ a-c-W-a-S-™p. hen-b B-fp-Iƒ a-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xan-gn¬ Im-ea - m-\m¿ F-∂v ]-db - mdp≠v. a-c-W-s∏-´-bmƒ Im-ew B-bn°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p F-∂v hm-bn-s®Sp-°m-sa-∂v tXm-∂p-∂p. H-cpIm-ew X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p sI. ]g\n-kzman F-∂ tIm-ssh ⁄m\n.

A-º-tXm-fw {K-Ÿ-߃ c-Nn® F-gp-Øp-Im-c≥ F-∂-Xn-ep-]-cn⁄m-\n X-s∂ Im-e-Øn¬ A-Sbm-f-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv X-an-gn-se Nn-e sN-dp-am-kn-I-fpw {Kq-∏p-I-fp-am-bp≈ _-‘w h-gn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. a-ebm-f-Øn-se-∂-t]m-se `m-hp-I-Xz\n¿-Ωm-WØ - n¬ sN-dp-am-kn-II - ƒ X-an-gn-epw h-en-b ]-¶v h-ln-®n-cp∂p. kn kp sN-√-∏, Im-\m kp{_-“-Wyw, kp-μ-c cm-a-kzm-an Ch-scm-s° sN-dp-am-kn-I-I-fp-sS ]{Xm-[n-]¿ - amcpam-bn-cp-∂p. X-an-gv B[p-\n-IX - I-hn-Xb - n-epw I-Yb - n-epw {]-Im-in-X-am-b-Xv sN-dp-am-kn-I-Ifn-em-Wv. sXm- Æ q- d p- I - f p- s S Xp- S - ° Øn¬ "\n-I-gv' F-s∂m-cp am-kn-I A-t±-lw F-Un-‰p sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p. tImbºØqcn¬ CSØc°m¿ Xßnbncp∂ sX-cp-hn¬ H-cp C-cp\n-e sI-´n-S-Øn¬ ap-Iƒ-\n-e-bnse c-≠p ap-dn-bm-bn-cp-∂p ⁄m\n-bp-sS ]m¿-∏n-Sw. \n-d-sb am-knI-I-fpw ]p-kv-X-I-ß-fpw \n-d-™ H-cn-Sw. sh-≈ ap-dn-°-ø≥ _-\n-b\pw ssI-en-bpw [-cn-® I-j-≠n°m-c-\m-b B ⁄m-\-hr-≤-s‚ ap-Jw Hm¿-Ω -h-cp-∂p-≠v. A-t∂°v A-t±-lw ]q¿-Æ-am-bpw A-‘-

\m-bn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p. ]p-kv-X-Iw hm-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-\pw hm-°p-Iƒ ]-I¿-Øp-hm-\pw H-cp k-lm-bn-bp≠m-bn. km-ln-Xy-hpw cm-jv-{So-bhpw kw-km-cn-°m-\p-≈ H-cn-Sa - m-bncp-∂p ]-e¿-°pw B ho-Sv. am¿-Ivk - n-Ãm-bn-cp-∂ ⁄m-\nsb tdmbnÃmb Fw.tKm-hn-μ-\nte-°v A-Sp-∏n-®-Xv c-≠p-t]-cn-sebpw {Zm-hn-U-Ø-am-bn-cp-∂p. c-≠pt]¿-°pw {Zm-hn-UØ - w F-∂X - v `mj-bn-ep-≈ Po-hn-Xw am-{X-am-bn-cp∂n-√. {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{Xw F-∂v hnfn-°m≥ tXm-∂p-∂-b-f-hn¬ H-cp Po-hn-X-ho-£-W-ap-≠v tKm-hn-μ-\nse-bpw ⁄m-\n-bn-se-bpw {Zm-hnU-ØØn¬. am¿-Ik v- n-Ãm-bn-cn-°ptºm-gpw X-angv B-cw (Kp-Ww) ⁄m-\n-bp-sS Nn-¥m-tem-IØ - n{]-[m-\-s∏-´ H-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu A¿-∞-Øn¬ {Zm-hn-U-{]-ÿm-\Øn-s‚ N¿-®I - f - n¬ km-[m-cW - CSw-]n-Sn-°m-Ø H-cp [m-c-bp-sS {]Xn-\n-[n Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p ⁄m-\n. ⁄m-\n-bp-sS kmw-kv-Im-cn-I Po-hn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®v A-t±-l-sØ A-Sp-Øp- ]-cn-N-b-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂ s]-cp-amƒ ap-cp-I≥ ]-d-™-Xn-s‚ kw-£n-]X v- a - n-Xm-Wv: A-dp-]X - p-If - nse Fw-F¬ {]-ÿm-\h - p-am-bn _‘-s∏-´p-sIm-≠m-Wv ⁄m-\n-bpsS cm-jv-{So-b-Po-hn-Xw Xp-S-ßp-∂Xv. {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ {]-kn-≤o-Ic-Wa - m-b "]p-Xn-b X-ea - p-ssd'bnA- t ±- l w k- P o- h - a m- b n- c p- ∂ p.

1970I-fn¬ "hm-\-ºm-Sn' F-∂ amkn-I-bp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´p cq-]wsIm-≠ I-hn-Xm-{]-ÿm-\-Øn-se H-cp {]-[m-\ I-Æn-bm-bn-cp-∂p ⁄m-\n. A-°m-e-Øv A-t±-lw [m-cm-fw I-hn-XI - f - pw F-gp-Xn. 1980 I-fn¬ ]p-Xn-b am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv Nn-¥I-fp-am-bn A-t±-lw _-‘-s∏-´p.

F-kv hn cm-P-Zp-ssc, F-kv.F≥.\m-Kc - m-P≥ F-∂n-h¿ A-t±-lØ - n-

s‚ cm-jv-{So-b _-‘p-°-fm-hp-∂p.

90 I-fn¬ t]m-Ãv tkm-hn-b-‰v am¿Iv-kn-Ãv A-t\z-j-W-ß-fp-sS `m-Kam-bn-´v ]-cnWmaw F-∂ am-kn-I ⁄m-\n F-Un-‰v sN-øp-∂p. C-tX Im-e-b-f-hn¬ km-ln-Xy-Øn-\pw [m-cm-fw C-Sw \¬-In-s°m-≠p-≈ \n-I-gv F-∂ {]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-hpw B-cw-`n-°p-∂p. B-tKm-f-h¬-°-cWw, km-º-Øn-I-h¬-°-c-Ww F∂n-h-s°-Xn-sc-bp-≈ B-i-b-k-ac-ßf - p-sS {]-Im-it- h-Zn-bm-bn-cp-∂p ]-cn-Wm-a-hpw \n-I-gp-sam-s°. ]pXn-b \q-‰m-≠n¬ X-an-gv t\-bw F∂ {]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-am-bn ⁄m-\nbp-sS th-Zn. X-an-gv`m-j, kw-kv-Imcw, ]m-cº - c - y-߃ F-∂n-hs - b-°pdn-®p-≈ A-t\z-j-W-ß-fpw ssPh-Ir-jn, ]-®b - p-sS cm-j{v- So-bw, Bflo-b-X F-∂n-h-sbm-s° X-an-gv t\-b-Øn¬ {]-Xy-£-s∏-´p. F¨]-Xp-I-fn¬ {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-® am¿-Ivkn-kh - pw X-an-gv C-e° - n-ba - pw (am¿Iv - k n- k - h pw X- a n- g v km- l n- X y-

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]mT-t`-Zw

41

hpw)F-∂ {K-Ÿa - m-Wv ⁄m-\n-bpsS Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ G-‰-hpw {]-[m-\s∏-´-Xv. X- a n- g v am¿- I v - k n- à p- I - f n⁄m-\n-sb hy-Xy-kX -v \ - m-°p-∂X - v \n-c¥ - c - a - m-bn ]p-Xn-b hn-jb - ß - f - pam-bn kw-h-Zn-°m-\p-≈ A-t±-lØn-s‚ {i-≤b - pw ]-cn-{i-ah - pw B¿÷h-hp-am-Wv. Im-gv-N \-jv-S-s∏-´ ti-j-hpw A-t±-lw X-s‚ A-t\zj-Wß - ƒ Xp-S¿-∂p-sIm-t≠-bn-cp∂p. sP.Ir-jv-W-aq¿-Øn-sb-°p-dn®v F-gp-]-Xp-I-fn¬ ]p-kv-X-I-sa-gpXn-b ⁄m-\n ]n¬-°m-e-Øv ssZhw F-∂ B-i-b-sØ-°p-dn-®v c≠v ]p-kv-X-I-߃ F-gp-Xn. {Zm-hnU {]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚-bpw I-ΩyqWn-Ãn-s‚-bpw Im-gv-N-∏m-Sp-Iƒ-°v ]p-d-Øv `-‡n-km-ln-Xy-sØ X-angv kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-s‚ ap-X¬-°q-´mbn Im-W-W-sa-∂v A-t±-lw Bh-iy-s∏-´p. F-√m A¿-∞-Øn-epw ssP-h˛- _p-≤n-Po-hn-bm-bn Xp-S¿-∂ A-t±-lw ]m¿-´ncm-jv-{So-b-tØm-Sv A-I-ew ]m-en-°p-I-bpw -sN-bv-Xp. {Zm-hn-U {]-ÿm-\h - p-am-bn _‘-s∏-´v cm-jv{- So-b hy-‡n-Xz-߃ \n¿-Ωn-°s - ∏-´X - n-s\-°p-dn-®v hn KoX-bp-sS H-cp {]-_-‘-ap-≠v. A-dp]-Xp-I-fn¬ cm-jv-{So-b- I¿-Ør-Xz߃ cq-]s - ∏-´X - v F-ßs - \-sb-∂pw F¨-]-Xp-I-fn¬ A-h km-^-eya-S-™-Xv F-ß-s\ F-∂pw Ko-X A-t\z-jn-°p-∂p-≠,v ⁄m-\n-bp-sS A-Sp-∏-°m-c-\m-b F-kv.hn.cm-P-Zpssc-sb-°p-dn-®v Zo¿-L-am-bn Ko-X F-gp-Xp-∂p-. ⁄m-\n-sb-t∏m-se sIm¶p- \ m- ´ n¬- ( Xangv \ mSns‚ tImbºØq¿ Dƒs∏sSbp≈ hS°p]Sn™md≥ {]tZiw) ˛-[mcm-]p-cw˛-P\ - n-®ph-f¿-∂ cm-PZ- p-sscbpw Fw.F¬ cm-jv{- So-bØ - n¬ IqSn-bm-Wv s]m-Xp-cw-K-tØ-°v I-S∂p-h∂ - X - v. ]n¬-°m-eØ - v Ko-Xb - psam-Øv Towards A non Brahmin Millennium F-∂ ]p-kv-X-Iw F-gp-XpI-bp-≠m-bn. cm-P-Zp-ssc-bp-sS cmjv{- So-bt- em-Iw H-cp-]m-S¿-∞Ø - n⁄m-\n-bpw ]-¶p-sh-°p-∂p-s≠∂v Ko-X H-cp kw-`m-j-W-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. X-an-gv-\m-´n-se CS-Xp {]-ÿm-\-hpw {Zm-hn-U {]ÿm-\h - pw X-Ωn-ep-≈ sIm-Sp-°hm-ße - n-s‚ cm-j{-v So-b k-μ¿-`w KoX F-Sp-Øp ]-d-bp-∂p-. A-dp-]-XpI-fn-se cm-j{v- So-b I¿-Ør-Xz-߃ ]-e-Xpw Cu c-≠p [m-c-I-fpw Iq´n-ap-´p-∂ C-S-Øp-\n-∂m-Wv B-cw`n-°p-∂-Xv. "The left had to reckon

42

]mT-t`-Zw

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an-Un¬ _¿-Øv H-cp am-kn-I-bp-sS t]-cp-am-Wv Xo-

h-≠n-bp-sS Nq-fwhn-fn tIƒ-°p-tºmƒ Hm-tcm-cp-Øcp-sS-bpw A-\p-`-h-ß-fp-sS N{Iw D-cp-fp-∂X - v Hm-tcm-tcm ]mf- ß - f n- e q- s S B- b n- c n- ° pw. ÿn-cw bm-{X-°m¿-°m-h-s´ Xo-h-≠n a-s‰m-cp tem-Iw. No´p-I-fn kw-L-߃-°v ap-XKm-\t- a-f kw-Lß - ƒ-°v h-sc C-Sw sIm-Sp-°p-∂p I-ºm¿-´vsa≥-dI -v ƒ. I-Æq¿ sd-bn¬-th kv-t‰-j≥ tI-{μ-am-bp-≈ s{Sbn≥ bm-{X-°m-cp-sS Iq-´m-bva-bn¬ ]n-d-∂ am-K-kn≥ "anUn¬ _¿-Øv" Cu kv-t]-kv h¿-[n-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. tIm-gnt°m-Sv\n-∂v Im-k¿-tIm-t´°pw Xn-cn-®pw ]-e kv-t‰-j\n¬-\n-∂v I-b-dp-I-bpw ]-e kv-t‰-j-\p-I-fn-em-bn C-d-ßp-I-bpw sN-øp-∂ bm-{X-°m-cp-sS km-ln-Xym-`n-cp-Nn-bn¬ \n-∂v ]n-d-hn-sbSp-Ø-Xm-Wv s{S-bn≥ am-K-kn≥ F-∂ B-i-bw. I-sø-gp-Øp-{]-XnIƒ t^m-t´mtIm-∏n-sb-Sp-Øv {]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ cq-]n-I-cn-°s∏-´ Iq-´m-bv-a, ]-¶m-fn-Ø-hpw B-i-b-hpw hn-]p-e-s∏-´-t∏mƒ If¿ {]n≥-dv am-K-kn-\m-bn am-‰p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. H-∂-c h¿-j-Øn-\v ti-jw t]-cp am-‰-tØm-sS aƒ-´n-I-f¿ A-®-Sn-bn¬ 100 t]-PpItfmsS I¬-∏-‰ \m-cm-b-W≥, A-Rv-P-en ta-t\m≥ Xp-S-ßn-bhcp-sS C‚¿-hyq Dƒ-s∏-sS bm-{X-°m-cp-sS {i-≤ B-I¿-jn-°m≥ Xp-S-ßn. F≥ sI ap-c-fn-bm-Wv an-Un¬ _¿-sØ-∂ B-i-b-Øns‚ D-]-⁄m-Xm-hpw F-Un-‰-dpw.

with the Dravidian Movement and the latter couldnot entirely ignore the former either, since there had always been steady traffic back and forth between the two spaces, although this has seldom been owned up by either group. To be a Communist and read Periyar was not an anomaly, as it has been made out to be; and likewise it was 'normal' for Leftists to work alongside Dravidianists in particular contexts' ˛ Ko-X F-gp-Xp-∂p.

A-Æm-a-e k¿-Δ-I-em-im-ebn¬ {Zm-hn-U -{]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚ aq¿-[-\y-Øn¬ X-an-gv ]Tn-®v ]n¬°m-eØ - v kvI - q-fn¬ X-an-gv A-[ym]-I-\m-bn sXm-gn-se-Sp-Ø ⁄m\n-°v `m-jm-tZ-io-b-X Xo-£v-W hn-Im-ca - m-bX - n¬ A-¤p-Xs - ∏-tS-≠Xn-√. tkm-hn-b-‰v bq-Wn-b-s‚ ]-

X-\-Øn-\v ti-jw tZiob{]iv\w X-an-gv-\m-´n-se Fw.F¬ {Kq-∏p-Ifn¬ k-Po-h-am-bn D-b¿-∂p-h-∂p.

F- ∂ m¬ Fw- . F¬ cm- j v - { So- b Øn¬\n-∂pw ⁄m-\n-sb hy-Xykv-X-\m-°p-∂-Xv km-{º-Zm-bn-I am¿-Iv-kn-Ãv tem-I-Øn-\-∏p-d-Øv Km-‘n-tb-bpw am-thm-tb-bpw `mjm-tZ-io-b-Xm cm-jv-{So-b-tØ-bpw \-h-km-aq-ly {]-ÿm-\-ß-tf-bpw B- fl o- b - X - t b- b pw H- s ° ]Tn°m≥ {i-an-®p F-∂-Xm-Wv. ]p-Xnb-sXm-∂pw X-\n-°v A-\y-a-√ F∂ cm-jv-{So-b-Z¿-i-\w ⁄m-\n-bnep-≠v. X-an-gv tZ-io-b-Xm hm-Z-Øns\ ]n≥-]‰ - p-∂ kmw-kvI - m-cn-I cmjv-{So-bw A-h-km-\-Im-e-Øv kzoI-cn-®-t∏mƒ A-Xn-s\ k¿-§m-flI-am-°m≥ A-t±-l-Øn-\v I-gn™Xpw A-Xp-sIm-≠m-hWw.

I-Ωyp.-]m¿-´n @ 100

A-Sp-Ø ap-Jy-a-{¥n ap-kv-enw B-bm-se-¥v?

I-cp-Wm-I-c≥

h-Øn-°m-\n-se t]m-∏n-s\ Im-Wm≥ t]m-hp-tºmƒ `-K-h-Xv-Ko-X-bp-sS H-cp tIm-∏n Icp-Xp-∂ I-Ωyp-Wn-Ãv- X-s∂-bm-Wv, _n sP ]n-bn-te-°v- H-gp-In-sbm-gp-In t]m-Ip-∂p-sh-∂v ]-d-b-s∏-Sp-∂ a-e-bm-fn {In-kv-Xym-\n-I-sf X-S-bm≥ tPm-kv sI am-Wn-sb X-ß-fp-sS ap∂-Wn-bn-te-°v F-Sp-°p-∂-Xv F-∂v £-a-tbm-sS a-\- n-em-°n-bm¬ a-Xn, a-e-bm-fn I-ΩypWn-k-Øn-s‚ 100 h-¿j-hpw a-\- n-em-°m≥.- AXv \n-߃-°v- 100 h¿jw I-Ωyp-Wn-Ãv- F-∂ s{]m^-bn-en-epw sN-øm-hp-∂-tX D-≈q. A-s√-¶n¬, aX-sØ-bpw km-ap-Zm-bn-I-X-sb-bpw k-am-k-aw Ac-®p tN¿-Øp-≠m-°n-b ap-∂W - n kw-hn-[m-\a - m-Wv, C-S-Xpw -h-e-Xpw t`-Z-an-√m-sX C-∂v \mw A-\p-`hn-°p-∂ cm-{„o-b-Øn-s‚ D-≈-S-°w : H-tc Ip-fØn¬ h-f-cp-∂ c-≠p ap-X-e-Iƒ. _n sP ]n-bpsS B-[n-]-Xy-sØ t\-cn-Sm≥ "\-Ωp-sS cm-{„o-bw" I-s≠-Øp-∂ h-gn-Iƒ C-ß-s\-bm-Wv. C Fw Fkn-s‚-bpw sI I-cp-Wm-I-c-s‚-bpw cm-{„o-b kº¿-°w-sIm-≠v In-´n-b hym-[n-bm-Wv A-Xv. F-¥psIm-≠m-Wv tI-c-f-Øn¬ ln-μp h¿-§o-b-X-bv-°v F-Xn-sc D-Ø-tc-¥y≥ \-K-c-ß-fn-epw {Km-a-ß-fnepw D-≠m-hp-∂-Xp-t]m-se Z-fn-Xv-˛h-\n-X˛hn-Zym¿∞n {]-t£m-`-߃ D-≠m-hm-Ø-Xv F-∂v B-temNn-®p t\m-°q: Cu ap-X-e-I-fp-sS izm-kw \-ΩpsS ap-J-Øpw ap-´pw.

B¿ F-kv F-kn-s‚ cm-{„o-b A-P-≠-sb sN-dp-°m≥ R-߃ H-cp ap-…ow-ap-Jy-a-{¥n-sb ÿm-\m¿-∞n-bm-bn A-hX - c - n-∏n-°pw F-∂v ]-db - m≥ C-∂v tIm-¨-{K- n-s\m kn ]n Fw s\m I-gn-bn√. A-sXm-cp N-cn-{X-]-c-am-b ap-{Z-mhm-Iyw B-hpsa-¶n-epw, I-gn-bn-√. tI-c-f-Øn-se tIm-¨-{K- v B-Zyw kn ]n Fw s‚-bpw C-t∏mƒ _n sP ]n bp-sS-bpw cm-{„o-bØ - n-s‚ C-cb - m-Wv, {]-Xo-£ th≠. kn ]n Fw tI-c-f-Øn-se ln-μp-hn-izm-kn-Ifp-sS h-en-b I-£n-bm-Wv, G-Xv t\-c-hpw B¿ F{]kmZv cm[mIrjvW≥ kv F-kn-te-°v- Xp-d-∂n-´ H-cp Du-Sp-h-gn A-Xn-\p≠v. A-Xv H-cp sk-°p-e¿ ]m¿-´n-b-√. \-Ωƒ H-cp sk-°p-e¿ k-aq-l-hpw A-√. Im-c-Ww, Pm-Xn-bpw k-ap-Zm-b-hpw a-X-hpw C-∂pw \-Ωp-sS Po-hn-X-Øn¬ {]-_-e-am-Wv, A-Xn-\mcm-{„o-b-Øn-epw. F-∂m¬, sk-°p-e-dn-k-sØ kw-c-£n-°m-\pw _-e-s∏-Sp-Øm-\pw \-ap°v I-gn-b-W-sa-¶n¬, B¿ F-kv F-kn-s\ Ir-Xy-am-bn {]-Xn-tcm-[n-°-W-sa-¶n¬, C-∂p≈ Cu cm-{„o-b-I-£n-I-fp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-ß-sf ]-c-ky-am-bn hn-a¿-in-°p-∂ A-Wn-Iƒ- Xs∂ D-b¿-∂ph-c-Ww. A-Ø-cw km-[y-X-Iƒ s]m-Xp C-S-ß-fn¬ I-s≠-Ø-Ww. Z-fn-Xpw ap-…o-apw kv-{Xo-bpw A-h-cp-sS {]-iv-\-ß-fpw Cu ]m-cv-´n-Iƒ-°p-≈n¬X-s∂ D-b-c-Ww. A-Xn-\m-bn sh-dp-sX H-∂v hm-Zn-®p-t\m-°q : A-Sp-Ø ap-Jy-a-¥n H-cp ap-…ow B-h-Ww F∂v. \-Ωp-sS cm-„o-b ln-t∏m-{I-kn ]-c-ky-am-bn D-cp-Im≥ Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xv Im-Wmw...]-co£n-®p t\m-°p.

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

43

Hm¿-a / A-°n-Øw

_-lp-X-bp-sS ]mT-߃

ayq-kv ta-cn tPm¿-÷v

"H

-cp I-Æo¿-°-Ww a-‰p-≈-h¿°m-bv / s]m-gn-°-th D-Zn-°-bmsW / ∂m-flm-hn-em-bn-cw ku-c-afiew' I-Æo¿-°-W-sØ-bpw ]p-©ncn-sb-bpw a-\p-jy-Xz-Øn-s‚ am-\Z-fi-ß-fm-bn I-≠-dn-™ I-hnsb-bm-Wv ssl-kv-Iqƒ- ¢m-kp-Imcn-bm-b B s]¨-Ip-´n A-°n-Øam-bn hm-bn-®-dn-™-Xv. ]n-s∂-sbt∏m-tgm "sh-fn-®w Zpx-J-am-Wp-Æo / Xa- -t√m kp-J-{]-Zw' F-∂v Im-hy{]-Ic - W - Ø - n-\∏ - p-dt- Ø-°v I-hn-Xsb Iq-sS-s°m-≠p-t]m-b {]o-Un{Kn-°m-ew. A-°n-Øs - a-∂ I-hn Xa- n-s\ D-]m-kn-® I-hn-sbm-∂p-as√-¶n-epw Cu h-cn-I-fn-se A-ip`m-]v-Xn-t_m-[w F-ß-s\-tbm F∂n-ep-d-™ Im-e-Øp-\n-∂p-am-Wv ]n-∂o-Sv I-hn-sb hm-bn-®-Xpw hmb-\b - n-se A-]c - - `m-jy-߃-s°mØp I-hn-sb Xn-cn-®-dn-bm≥ I-gnbp-∂p-sh-∂ A-hn-Zy-sb kzmw-ioI-cn-®-Xpw. {]-ÿm-\ß - f - pw {]-Xy-bi - m-kv{X-ß-fpw ]-cn-N-bn-°p-tºm-sgms° A-Xn-s‚ h¿-Øp-f-hpw k-am¥-ch - p-am-b K-Xn-Iƒ h-∂v A-tem-

44

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

k-c-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Xp-S-ßn-b-t∏mƒ A-°n-Ø-Øn-s‚ Nn-e I-hn-X-Iƒ Iq-sS-t∏m-∂p. H-cp-]m-Sv I-hn-X-Iƒ C-sX-t‚-X-s√-∂pw F-\n-°p-≈-Xs√-∂p-ap-≈ t_m-[y-Øn¬ h-gn-bnep-t]-£n-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. hnπ-hw, km-aq-ly- ]-cn-jv° - c - W - w F∂n-h-sbm-s° K-f-tO-Zw sN-øs∏´ A-\o-Xn-I-fm-bn am-{Xw hymJym-\n-®m¬ A-fh - p-]m-IØ - n-\v \nc-°m-Ø in-c- p-Iƒ A-hn-S-hn-sS ti-jn-°n-t√? A-h¿-°pap-ºn¬ Pohn-Xs - a-¥p- X-cw ]mT-am-Wv \¬-IpI? A-k-a-X-I-sf-√mw Zq-co-I-cn-°Ø-° -hn-[-Øn¬ hym-Jym-\-£-aam-Ip-∂ \-thm-∞m-\ Nn-¥ F-¥mbn-cn-°p? C-ß-s\ ]-e-hn-[-Øn\-thm-∞m-\ aq-ey-ß-fp-sS hn-Nmc-W A-t±-lØ - n-s‚ I-hn-XI - f - n-eps≠-∂v Xn-cn-®-dn-™-Xv ]n-∂o-SmWv. `n-∂-kz-c-ß-fp-sS ]-e- ]mT߃ kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂ A¿-∞-]-c-amb _-lp-X-sb-°p-dn-®v Nn-¥n-°pI-bpw km-aq-lym¿-∞-Øn-s‚ GI- ^-e-{ip-Xn-bp-sS hy¿-∞-X-sb [ym-\n-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-X I-hn-bmWv A-°n-Øw. th-Z-tam th-Zm-¥-tam D-®m-cW- ]mT-ß-fn-epw A-\p-jvTm-\- hn[n-If - n-epw Ip-Sp-ßn-°n-S° - m-sX Pohn-XØ - n-s‚ No-gv\ - n-eb - m-bn A-°nØw I-hn-X-I-fn¬ Im-Wp-∂p. CZw \ a-a F-∂ `m-h-sØ-°p-dn-®v A-°n-Ø-Øn-s‚ I-hn-X-Iƒ ]Tn°p-∂-h-sc-√mw ]-d-bp-∂p-≠v. AXp-am-{X-am-bn Cu Nq-g\ v- n-es - b hymJym-\n-°m-\m-hp-tam F-∂v Rm≥ kw-i-bn-°p-∂p. "\n-s‚ I¿-Ωw Xm-\-t√m \obm-bn P-∑w sIm-≠p / \n-s‚ I¿Ω-am-b-t√m ho-≠pw \o P-\n-t°-

≠p' F-∂n-ßs - \ a-lm-_e - n-bp-sS ]p-cm-hr-Øw B-Jym-\w sN-øp-∂ I-hn-X-bn¬ ]-d-bp-∂p.

"Rm-t\, Rm≥ Rm-\m-sW∂ an-Yy-sb-°-Æn≥-ap-ºn¬ / ImWp-∂s - X-√mw a-s‰m-∂m-sW-∂ NnXvkXy-sØ' "\o-sb-∂m-flm-hn≥ ]p-Æn\n-s∂m-cn-°-epw / ]-dn-bm-bv-I-\pI-tº' (A-tX th-≠q) Xp-Sß - n-b \n-ch - [ - n D-Zm-lc - W - ß-fn-eq-sS sX-fn-™p-h-cp-∂ Bflo-bX - b - v° - v ssh-Zn-Ih - n-[n {]-Imc-ap-≈ bm-K-Øn-s‚ B-flo-b -hnNm-c-a-√ Im-Wp-∂-Xv. I-cp-W-bpw A-\p-Iº - b - pw tN¿-∂p-\n¬-°p-∂ A-ssZz-X hn-Nm-c-a-t√-sb-∂ tNmZy-am-Wv a-\- n¬ h-cp-∂Xv. B-[p-\n-I a-\p-jy \ - n¿-an-Xn-bpsS aq-i-bn-eq-sS I-S-∂p-t]m-Iptºm-gpw A-Xn-t\m-Sv ]q¿-Æ-am-bn Xm-Zm-fly-s∏-Sm-\m-Im-Ø B-flt_m-[-sØ ]-¶p-sh-°m-\pw A°n-Øw ss[-cy-s∏-Sp-∂p.

"A-gn-°m≥ Rm-\-gn-®n-´p / ap≠o-∏q-Wp-\q¬ ]-e-t∏m-gpw / Agn-™n-´n-√-sX≥ kq-£v-a / i-co-cØn-¶-en-s∏m-gpw' B-fl-hn-a¿-i-\-]-c-am-bn \-SØp-∂ C-Ø-cw Xp-d-∂p ]-d-®n-epIƒ G-sX-¶n-ep-sam-cp hy-‡n-kzXz-Øn-s‚ am-{Xw {]-iv-\-am-bn ImWm≥ ]-‰p-tam? Pm-Xn-bp-sS \mcm-b-th-cp-I-fn-te-°v I-Æ-b-®psIm-≠p am-{X-ta Cu h-cn-I-sf hm-bn-°m-\m-Iq. kv-{Xo-I-fp-sS hy-Xy-kv-X Pohn-X-bn-S-߃ B-hn-jv-°-cn-°p-∂Xn¬ A-°n-Ø-Øn-s‚ B-Zy-Ime I-hn-X-I-fn¬ Nn-e am-Xr-I-Ifp-≠v. {]-W-b-hpw ]m-c-X-{¥y-hpw

F-kv ]n D-Z-b-Ip-am¿

F-∂m-Wv Sn.]o-‰-sd B-Zy-am-bn I-≠-Xv? Hm¿-Ω-bn-√. F-∂pw F\n-°-t±-lw ]o-‰-d-Æ-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

F-√m A¿-∞-Øn-epw F-s‚ aqØ G-´≥. F-∂m¬ H-cn-°e - pw "htey-´\ - m'bn-cp-∂n-√. F-√m-bn-SØ - pw kv-t\-l-a-b-\m-b kw-c-£-I≥. ap-≠v, A-c-°-ø≥ Ip-∏m-bw, bm-sXm-cm-Vw-_c - h - p-an-√m-Ø e-fnX-am-b th-jw. \n-dw I-dp-I-dp-∏v, D-≈n¬ sh-fp-sh-fp-∏v, X-e-\n-d-sb X-ea - p-Sn, a-\w \n-ds - b {]-Xym-ib - pw hn-izm-kh - pw Du¿-÷h - pw. ]-et- ∏mgpw ssI-bn¬ Nn-√n-°m-ip-≠m-hpI-bn-√. B-Œn-hn-Ãn-\v ]-Wn-sb-Sp°m≥ Im-ip th-s≠-∂v Rm≥ Xncn-®-dn-™-Xv ]o-‰-d-Æ-\n¬ \n-∂mWv. B¿-÷-h-hpw B-flm¿-∞-Xbpw X-s∂ [m-cm-fw. a-’y-sØm-gn-em-fn s^-U-tdj-\pw a-‰p \n-c-h-[n {]-ÿm-\-ßfpw kw-L-Sn-∏n-s®-Sp-Ø-Xv A-t±l-am-Wv. a-’y-sØm-gn-em-fn-If - p-ambn _-‘-s∏-´ t{Sm-fnw-Kv Xp-S-ßnb ]-e {]-iv-\-ß-fn-epw A-t±-lw C-S-s]-´p. X-an-gv\m-´n-te-bpw tI-cf-Øn-te-bpw sam-Øw C-¥y-bn-tebpw \n-c-h-[n P-\-Io-b {]-t£m-`ß-fn¬ ]-¶m-fn-bm-bn. Im-Sv, I-S¬, Io-gm-f¿ - C-h-cp-sS-sb-√mw {]-iv\߃ k-am-\h - pw ]-ck - v] - c - _-‘nX-hp-am-sW-∂v Xn-cn-®d - n-™ A-t±lw I-£n cm-{„o-bØ - n-∂Xo-Xa - mb cm-{„o-bw cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {]-bX - v\ - n-°p-Ib - pw ]-cº - c - m-KX - a’y-sØm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS D-∂-Xn°pw Xo-c-tZ-i-Øn-s‚ ]m-cn-ÿnXn-I k-¥p-e\ - Ø - n-∂pw th-≠n cm{„o-b C-S-s]-S-ep-Iƒ \-S-Øp-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. A-e-Iƒ F-∂ {]-kn-≤o-I-c-

W-Øn-eq-sS ]o-‰-d-Æ≥ \m-´p-Imcp-sS {]-iv-\-߃ B-fp-I-fn-seØn-®p. Cw-•o-jn-tem a-‰p `m-j-Ifn-¬ {]m-ho-Wy-an-s√-¶n-epw i-‡am-bn X-s‚ B-i-b-߃ {]-I-Sn∏n-®p. ]-Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°v ap-ºv Xncp-h\ - ¥ - ] - p-cØ - v Fw.F. ]T-\ Ime-Øv Pn.]n. H. sse-\n-ep-≈ At±-l-Øn-s‚ Ip-Sp- p ap-dn-bm-bncp-∂p F-s‚ Xm-hf - w. B-Œn-hn-Ãmbn Xn-cn-s®-Øn-b-t∏m-gpw A-hn-sSØ-s∂. F-√m k-a-c-cw-K-ß-fn-epw A-t±-lw k-Po-h-am-bn-cp-∂p. IqSwIp-fw, hn-gn-™w, sd-b¿ F¿Øv, ]-›n-a-L-´w, a-e-tbm-c sslth Xp-Sß - n-b F-√m t]m¿apJ-ßfn-epw ap-∂W - n-t∏m-cm-fn-bm-bn-cp-∂ A-t±-lw Iq-Sw-Ip-fw B-W-h-\n-eb-sØ X-an-gv\m-Sn-s‚ am-{Xw {]-

iv-\-am-b-√ I-W-°m-°n-b-Xv. samØw \m-ep-tIm-Sn a-e-bm-fn-I-fp-tSbpw {]-iv-\w F-∂ \n-e-bn-em-Wv. ]o-‰Æ - \ - p-am-bn _-‘s - ∏-´ \nc-h[ - n A-\p-`h - ß - f - pw Hm¿-ΩI - f - pw F-\n-°p-≠v. tIm-gn-t°m-´p \-S-∂ ]mT-t`-Zw k-_mƒ-t´¨ s^-Ãnh-en¬ H-cp-an-®-Xm-Wv H-cp Zo-]v-X kva - c - W (Cu Ip-dn-∏v F-Un-‰v sN-øp∂-Xn-\n-Sb - n-em-Wv em¬ t- Im-bn- ∏ - dºn-en-s‚ a-cW - h - m¿-Øb - p-sa-Øp∂-Xv. a-’y-sØm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS ]m-cn-ÿn-Xn-I th-he - m-Xn-Iƒ a-ebm-fn-I-fp-sS Xo≥-ta-i-bn-se-Øn°m≥ {i-an-® I-\ym-Ip-am-cn am¿®n¬ ]o-‰d - n-s\m-∏a - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂ {][m-\ B-ISv- n-hn-Ãm-bn-cp-∂p em¬.)

]-cm-{i-b-Xz-hpw C-g- I-e¿-∂p-h-cp∂ kv-{Xo-Xz-amWv C°hnXIfnep≈Xv. "A-S-in-em-Po-hn-tem-Iw ]n-Sn®p sh¨-˛ / sIm-Sn ]-d-Øn-b a¿Øy-hw-i-Øn-s\ / [-c-bn-e¿-∏n-® \m-cn-am¿ R-ß-tfm / \-c-I-]m-cX-{¥y-Øn-∂-Sn-a-Iƒ' ˛ Cu h-cnIƒ kv-{Xo-Po-hn-X-tØm-Sp-≈ kao-]-\-Øn-s‚ am-Xr-I-bm-Wv. {]-hm-Nn-I F-∂ I-hn-X-bnhr-≤I - \ - y-Im-Po-hn-XØ - n-te-°v FØn-\n¬-°p-∂ Xm-{Xn-sb `m-hn-bp-

sS {]-hm-Nn-Ib - m-bn A-hX - c - n-∏n-®psIm-≠m-Wv I-hn-X h-fc - p-∂X - v. "Iøn-se-°-Æm-Sn-bn¬ _nw-_n-®p I≠p \m-e-©o-b-°-ºn-I-fm lm an∂p-∂p ap-Sn-s°-´n¬' F-s∂-gp-Xnbn-S-Øp- \n-∂m-Wv A-b-e-sØ amØp-hn¬ A-h-bp-sS \o-e-\nƒ-an-gnbn-W sN-∂p ]-Xn-™-Xv F-s∂gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "B-Nm-cw \n-h¿-Øn-bn-´ Iq-cncpƒ-Øn-c / bm-Nm-cw Xm-t\ No¥n-bh - s - f-∏p-dw X-≈o' / {`-jvS- b - mb B s]¨-Ip-´n-sb `m-hn-bp-sS

{]-hm-Nn-I B-bn-´m-Wv I-hn-Xb - n\n¿-h-Nn-°p-∂-Xv. "am-Øp-hn≥ a-Sn-Ø-´n¬ / °nS-∂p aq-Iw sN-hn-tbm¿-Øp / t]ma-h-f-Xn-ep-Æn-X≥ Nn-cn- tIƒ-°pw / {]-hN - n-°m-dp-≠h - f - n-s∏m-gpw / "aX-Øn-s‚ i-h-Øn¬-®-hp-´n / i‡n-bmw a-\p-jy-Xzw' Cu I-hn-X-sb-gp-Xn-b-Xv {_m“-Wy-Øn-s‚-bpw k-h¿-ÆX - b - p-sSbpw I-hn-bm-bn Nn-e-t∏m-sgm-s°sb-¶n-epw hym-Jym-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ A-°n-Øw X-s∂-bm-Wv.

Hm¿-a / Sn.]o-‰-¿

I-S∏ - p-dØ - p-\n-∂v ]o-‰d- Æ - ≥

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

45

am-[y-a-kzm-X-{¥yw A-`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S-\ kzm-X-{¥yw X-s∂-bm-Wv F-∂ `-c-WL-S-\m hym-Jym-\-ap-s≠-¶n-epw A-`n-{]m-bw ]-d-bm-\m-h-iy-am-b hn-h-c-ti-Jc-W-Øn-\v H-cp \n-b-a-Øn-s‚-bpw ]n≥-_-e-an-√. H-cp am-[y-a-{]-h¿-Ø-I-s‚ sXm-gn-e-h-Im-iw Iq-Sn au-en-Im-h-Im-i-Øn¬ s]-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. a-dn-®v sX-fnbn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp h-sc hn-h-c -ti-J-c-W-hp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´p-≈ H-cp am-[y-a{]-h¿-ØI - s- ‚ \-S]- S- n-Iƒ-°v \n-ba- ]- c- a- m-b ]n≥-_e- w \¬-tI-≠X - p-≠v.

am-[y-a- {]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\pw \n-b-a -kw-c-£-W-am-h-iy-ap-≠v F≥ ]n cm-tP-{μ≥

Z

¬-ln-bn¬ am-[y-a{- ]-h¿-ØI - \ - mb kn-≤n-°v Im-∏-s\ bp.]n s]meo-kv A-d-Ãv sN-bv-X-Xv A-t±-lw D-Øc - {- ]-tZ-in-se l-{Xm- n-te-°p t]m-Ipw-h-gn-°m-Wv. H-cp-]m-Sv s]mXp-{]-h¿-ØI - c - pw am-[y-a{- ]-h¿-ØI-cpw l-{Xm-kn-te-°p t]m-bn-´p≠v. A-h-sc-sbm-∂pw A-d-Ãv sNbv-Xn-´n-√-t√m kn-≤n-°n-s\ am-{Xw F-¥p sIm-≠v A-d-Ãv sN-bv-Xp F-∂ tNm-Zyw, Im-∏-s\ A-d-Ãv sN-øm-\pw cm-Py-t{Zm-l-t°- ns]-Sp-Øm-\pw a-Xn-bm-b F-t¥m Im-cW - a - p-s≠-∂X - n-s‚ kq-N\ - b - mbn Nn-e 'cm-Py-kv-t\-ln-Iƒ' D-∂bn-°p-∂p-≠v. th-sd B-sc-bpw Ad-Ãv sN-bX v- n-´n-√ F-∂X - n-\v F-¥m-

Wv sX-fn-hv? l-{Xm-kn-te-°p t]mb tZ-io-b- t\-Xm-°s - f-t∏m-epw XS-bp-I-bpw X-≈n-bn-Sp-I-bpw a-S-°n A-b-°p-I-bp-sam-s° sN-bv-X-Xv hm¿-Ø-bm-Ip-∂p-≠v. kn-≤n-°v ae-bm-fn-bm-b-Xp sIm-≠m-Wv A-t±l-Øn-s‚ A-dà - v sN-dn-b hm¿-Øbm-sb-¶n-epw C-hn-sS h-∂-Xv. tZio-b am-[y-a-߃-°v l-{Xm-kv Hcp kw-`-h-ta A-√-t√m.

Z¬-ln-bn¬-\n-∂p H-cp ap-…nw ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I≥ c-t≠m aq-t∂m ap-…nw bp-hm-°ƒ-s°m-∏w l-{Xmkn-te-°p ]p-d-s∏-´p F-∂-Xp- Xs∂ tbm-Kn-bp-sS s]m-eo-knkw-i-b-ap-W¿-Øp-∂ Im-cy-am-Wv. A-hn-sS Z-en-Xv s]¨-Ip-´n ]o-Un-

∏n-°s - ∏-´n-´n-s√-∂pw B s]¨-Ip´n-bp-sS a-c-Ww ]o-U-\w sIm-≠s√-∂pw ar-X-tZ-lw Ip-Spw-_-߃°v hn-´p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠ H-cp Im-cyhp-an-s√-∂pw t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mhn-√-t√m A-h¿ A-tßm-´p-t]m-Ip∂p-Xv. A-XpsIm-≠p- X-s∂ s]meo-kv A-h-sc B-Zyw X-S-™p-sh®p. ]n-t‰-∂v A-h¿ Pm-ay-Øn¬ Cd-ßn-tb-°pw F-∂p tXm-∂n-bt∏mƒ bp.F.]n.F Np-a-Øn, AXpw t]m-cm-™n-´v cm-Py-t{Zm-l° - p‰-hpw Np-a-Øn. C-\n G-Xv sIm-esIm-º≥ I-]n¬kn-_¬ h-∂mepw P-bn-en¬-\n-∂v C-d-ßp-I Ffp-∏-a-√. Im-c-Ww, Cu c-≠v Ip-‰ß-ƒ-°pw, Pm-ayw In-´p-I Zp-jv-Ic-am-Wv. kn-≤n-°v Im-∏\ - pw H-∏w- D-≠mbn-cp-∂-h-cp-sa-√mw t]m-∏p-e¿ {^≠p-Im¿ B-sW-∂v ln-μp-Xz-]£ am-[y-a-߃ {]-N-cn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. t]m-∏p-e¿ {^-≠v \n-tcm-[n-°-s∏´ ]m¿-´n-b-√. am-[y-a-{]-h¿-Ø-I¿°v cm-{„o-b-_-‘w D-≠m-I-cp-Xv F-s∂m-cp \n-ba - h - pw \m-´n-en-√, Aß-s\-sbm-cp am-[y-a- [m¿-an-I- hyh-ÿ-bpw C-√. ]m¿-´n {]-Nm-c-Wam-Wv ]-e ]-{X-ß-fp-sS {]-Jym-]nX \-bw -X-s∂. a-Xw- {]-N-cn-∏n-°p∂-Xpw Ip-‰-a-√. tI-c-f-Øn-se P-\w- Sn.hn/ P∑-`q-an am-[y-a {]-h¿-Ø-I¿ c-≠v \ym-bo-I-c-W-߃ ap-t∂m-´p-sh°p-∂p-≠v. H-∂v, C-h-cp-sS ]-°¬\n-∂v h¿-Ko-b hn-tZz-j-ap-≠m-°p∂ e-Lp-te-J-Iƒ I-s≠-Øn-bn´p-≠v. c-≠v, C-h¿ bp.]n bn-ep-S\o-fw h¿-Ko-b I-em-]w kw-L-Sn-

∏n-°m≥ th-≠n-bm-Wv Im-dn¬ ]pd-s∏-´-Xv. c-≠n-s‚-bpw sX-fn-hv Ah¿ I-≠n-´n-√, tIm-S-Xn-bn¬ lmP-cm-°n-bn-´p-an-√. a-e-bm-fn-bm-b Hcp ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I-\pw aq-∂p hnZym¿-∞n-If - pw tN¿-∂v D-Øc - {- ]-tZin¬ h¿- K o- b I- e m- ] w D- ≠ m°m≥ ]p-d-s∏-´p F-∂p \ym-bo-Icn-°m≥ {i-an-°p-∂X - n-s‚ ]-cn-lmky-X G-Xp s]m-eo-kp-Im-c-\p t]m-epw a-\- n-em-Ipw. F-∂n-´pw, A-h¿ A-Xm-Wv sN-øp-∂-Xv. 1967 ap-X¬ \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ bp.F.]n.F \n-b-a-Øn¬ 2019-h-cp-Øn-b t`-ZK - X - n-bm-Wv C-t∏mƒ cm-Py-Øp-S-\o-fw K-h-¨-sa‚p-Iƒ Zp-cp-]t- bm-Ks - ∏-Sp-Øp-∂X - m-bn Bt£-]-ap-b¿-∂n-´p-≈-Xv. t\-c-sØ `o-Ic - - kw-LS- \ - I - ƒ am-{X-am-Wv \nb-aØ - n-s‚ ]-cn-[n-bn¬ h-∂n-cp-∂Xv. I-gn-™ h¿-jw hy-‡n-I-sfbpw `o-I-c-cm-bn {]-Jym-]n-°m-sa∂ t`-Z-K-Xn h-∂p. 2010-\pw 14-\pw C-Sb - n¬ Cu \n-ba - {- ]-Im-cw H-cmƒ t]m-epw A-d-Ãv sN-ø-s∏-´n-´n-s√∂v \m-j-\¬ s{sIw sd-t°m-Uvkv _yq-tdm dn-t∏m¿-´p-Iƒ hy-‡am-°p-∂p. 2017-¬ D-Øc - {- ]-tZ-intbm-Kn B-Zn-Xy-\m-Yn-s‚ k¿-°m¿ h-∂v H-cp h¿-j-Øn-\-Iw A-hn-sS 382 t]-cm-Wv Cu \n-b-a-{]-Im-cw A-d-Ãv sN-ø-s∏-´-Xv. 2008 \-h.

26\vv apw-ss_ Sm-Pv tlm-´¬ B{I-an-°-s∏-´-Xn-\p ti-jw `o-I-cm{I-a-W-߃ ]-c-am-h-[n X-S-b-s∏´-Xm-Wv. 2014-\p ti-jw `o-I-cm-{Ia- W - s am- ∂ pw C- √ m- s X- X - s ∂ bp.F.]n.F A-d-Ãv \n-Xy-kw-`-ham-bn. 2014-¬ 976, 2015-¬ 897, 2016¬ 922, 2017-¬ 901, 2018¬ 1182 F-∂ tXm-Xn¬ bp.F.]n.F {]Im-cw- A-dà - p-Iƒ D-≠m-bn F-∂mWv F≥.kn.B¿._n I- W - ° v . bp.F.]n.F/ sk-Un-j≥ \n-b-aß-f-\p-k-cn-®p-≈ A-d-Ãn¬ sXfn-hp-ti-J-c-W-Øn-\pw a-‰pw t{]mkn-Iyq-j-\v C-„w t]m-se k-a-bsa-Sp-°mw. km-[m-c-W-K-Xn-bnPm-ayw In-´m-Ø I - p-‰ß - f - m-Wv Ah. sIm-Spw-Ip-‰h - m-fn-Iƒ-°p t- ]mepw P-bn-en¬ \n-ba - k - l - m-bw tXSm-\p-≈ ku-I-cyw e-`n-°m-dp-≠v. \n-b-a-hm-gv-N \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂ H-cp cm-Py-Øv H-cn-°-epw A-Xp \n-tj[n-°-s∏-´p-Iq-Sm-Ø-Xm-Wv. kn-≤n°n-\pw H-∏-ap-≈-h¿-°pw B \nb-a-k-lm-bw \n-tj-[n-°-s∏-´p.

A-`n-`m-j-I-s\ Im-Wm≥ P-bnen¬ A-\p-aX - n \n-tj-[n-®p. C-sX-

gp-Xp-tºm-gpw A-Xp e-`n-®n-´n-√. kn≤n-°v Im-∏-s\ hn-Sp-hn-°m≥ th≠n tI-cf - ]-{X-{]-h¿-ØI - bq-Wnb≥ U¬-ln L-SI - w kp-{]nw tImS-Xn-bn¬ k-a¿-∏n-® l¿-Pn-bnXo¿-∏m-b-Xv l-c-Pn bp.]n sslt°m-S-Xn-bn¬ k-a¿-∏n-®m¬ a-Xn F-∂v \n¿-t±-in-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv. F∂m¬, A-`n-`m-jI - ¿-°m¿-°pw kn≤n-°n-s\ Im-Wm≥ A-\p-a-Xn e`n-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠v ho-≠pw kp{]nw-tIm-SX - n-sb k-ao-]n-t°-≠n h∂p. Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ B-cm-Wv, \n-ba-]m-eI - ¿ B-cm-Wv F-∂p t]m-epw kw-i-bn-®p-t]m-Ip-∂ A-h-ÿ. kn-≤n-°v Im-∏-\pw Iq-´p-Imcpw U¬-ln-bn¬-\n-∂p ]p-ds - ∏-Spwh-sc A-h¿-s°-Xn-sc H-cp tI- pw B-t£-]-hpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. C∂p A-h-sc X-≈n-∏-d-bp-∂-h-cnU¬-ln-bn-se G-Xm-\pw ]-{X-{]h¿-Ø-I-cpw D-s≠-∂v am-[y-a- dnt∏m¿-´p-Iƒ kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p. kn≤n-°v Xo-{h-hm-Zn-bm-Wv F-∂p Ah¿-°pw ap≥-s]m-∂pw tXm-∂n-bn´n-√. H-cp t]m-∏p-e¿{^-≠p {]-h¿Ø-Is - \ U¬-ln-bn-se ]-{X-{]-h¿Ø-I-bq-Wn-b≥ L-S-Iw A-Xn-s‚ kn-{I-´-dn-bm-bn Xn-c-s™-Sp-°p-ambn-cp-t∂m? kn-≤n-°v Im-∏≥ F¥n-\v ]-{X-{]-h¿-Ø-I-c-√m-Ø hy‡n-Is - f C-Øc - s - am-cp bm-{X-bnH-∏w Iq-´n F-∂pw A-h¿ tNm-Zn°p-∂p-≠v. A-t±-lw Xm-a-kn-°p∂-Xv t]m-∏p-e¿ {^-≠v Hm-^o-knem-Wv, A-t±-lw A-h-cp-sS Hm-^okv kn-{I-´-dn-bm-Wv Xp-S-ßn-b Btcm-]-W-ß-fpw D-∂-bn-°-s∏-´n-´p≠v. C-sX-√mw k-Xy-am-Wv F-∂pw A-t±-lw t]m-∏p-e¿ {^-≠p-Im-c≥ X-s∂-bm-Wv F-∂p sX-fn-bn-°s - ∏´m-epw s]m-eo-kv \-S-]-Sn i-cn-tbm \n-b-a-]-c-tam B-hp-∂n-√. tZ-io-bcm-{„o-b-Øn¬ A-e-sbm-en-Iƒ D≠m-°n-b H-cp kw-`-h-Øn-s‚ ]›m-Ø-ew A-t\z-jn-°m-\pw kw`-h-ÿ-ew Im-Wm-\pw ]-{X-{]-h¿Ø-I-\v A-h-Im-i-ap-≠v. kn-≤n-°v Im-∏≥ am-[y-a{- ]-h¿-ØI - ≥ X-s∂bm-Wv. am-[y-a- {]-h¿-ØI - s - ‚ A-t\zj-W-߃-°v \n-b-a- kw-c-£-Ww B-h-iy-am-Wv F-∂ kp-{]-[m-\-amb {]-iv-\-Øn-te-°v hn-c¬- Nq-≠p∂-Xp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv Cu kw-`-hw. am[y-a-kzm-X-{¥yw A-`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S\ kzm-X-{¥yw X-s∂-bm-Wv F-∂ `-c-W-L-S-\m hym-Jym-\-ap-s≠-¶nepw A-`n-{]m-bw ]-d-bm-\m-h-iy-am-

b hn-h-c-ti-J-c-W-Øn-\v H-cp \nb-a-Øn-s‚-bpw ]n≥-_-e-an-√. H-cp am-[y-a-{]-h¿-Ø-I-s‚ sXm-gn-e-hIm- i w Iq- S n au- e n- I m- h - I m- i Øn¬ s]-tS-≠-Xm-Wv. a-dn-®v sXfn-bn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X - p h-sc hn-hc - t- iJ-cW - h - p-am-bn _-‘s - ∏-´p-≈ H-cp am-[y-a-{]-h¿-Ø-I-s‚ \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ°v \n-b-a-]-c-am-b ]n≥-_-ew \¬tI-≠-Xp-≠v. kw-i-b-Øn-s‚ B\p-Iq-eyw \¬-In-tb A-bm-fp-sS \-S-]-Sn-I-sf \n-b-a-]m-e-I¿ ImWm≥ ]m-Sp-≈q. H-cp hn-`m-Kw am[y-a-{]-h¿-Ø-I¿ t]m-epw cm-{„ob b-P-am-\-∑m-cp-sS Xm-ev-]-cyw kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\p th-≠n sXmgn¬-cw-K-sØ k-l-{]-h¿-Ø-I-sc H-‰p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ib - pw lo-\a - m-bn Ah-tl-fn-°p-I-bpw sN-øp-∂-Xv \Ωp-sS \m-´n-te Im-Wq. cm-Py-Øp-S-\o-fw bp.F.]n.F t]m-ep-≈ \n-b-a-߃ D-]-tbm-Kn®v kw-ÿm-\ `-c-W-I-£n-Iƒ FXn-cm-fn-I-sf P-bn-e-S-°p-I-I-bmWv. tI-cf - Ø - n-em-Wv C-Xn-te-‰h - pw `o-I-c-am-b H-c-\p-`-hw D-≠m-b-Xv. kn.]n.Fw {]-h¿-Ø-I-cm-b c-≠p bp-hm-°-sf am-thm-bn-Ãv _-‘w B-tcm-]n-®v, bp.F.]n.F h-Ip-∏pIƒ Np-a-Øn ]m¿-´n-bp-sS `-c-WIq-Sw -X-s∂ X-S-hn-em-°n. H-Sphn¬ `-c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-I-sf F-¥mWv \n-b-aw F-∂p ]Tn-∏n-°m≥ F≥.sF.F tIm-S-Xn th-≠n-h∂p. kn-≤n-°v Im-∏-s‚ Im-cyØn¬ kw-ÿm-\ ap-Jy-a-{¥n C-Ss]-S-Ww F-∂m-tcm A-`y¿-∞n-®Xm-bn tI-´p. \-√ X-am-i. kw-ÿm\ ap-Jy-a-{¥n A-e≥-Xm-l A-dÃv hn-j-b-Øn¬ F-Sp-Ø A-tX

\n-e] - m-Sm-Wv, A-tX `m-jb - m-Wv kn-≤n-°n-s‚ Im-cy-Øn¬ _n.sP.]n.bpw A-h-cp-sS am-[y-a-ßfpw kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F-Xn¿-]£-Øv \n¬-°p-∂ B-sc-bpw amthm-bn-Ãv/-ap-…nw Xo-{h-hm-Zn ap{Z-Ip-Øn X-S-hn-em-°m≥ G-Xp \n-b-a-sØ-bpw Zp¿-hym-Jym-\w sN-ømw, F-¥p sX-fn-hpw ]-S®p-≠m-°mw. \n-c-h-[n h¿-§o-bm-{I-a -kw`-h-ß-fp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´v t]m∏p-e¿ {^-≠v {]-Xn-°q-´n¬ \n¬°p-∂p-≠v F-∂-Xv k-Xy-am-Wv. H-cp-]m-Sv sh-√p-hn-fn-Iƒ t\-cn-Sp∂ ap-…nw k-aq-l-sØ Iq-SpX¬ h-en-b A-]m-b-ß-fn-te-°v X-≈n-bn-Sp-I-bm-Wv t]m-∏p-e¿ {^-≠v t]m-ep-≈ kw-LS- \ - I - ƒ sN-øp-∂-Xv F-∂ Im-cy-Ønkw-i-b-an-√. F-∂m¬, `-c-W-LS-\ D-d-∏p-\¬-Ip-∂ A-h-Im-i߃ am-{Xw D-]t- bm-Ks - ∏-Sp-Øp∂, P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hy-h-ÿ G¬∏n-® D-Øc - h - m-Zn-Øß - ƒ am-{Xw \n¿-hl - n-°p-∂ km-[m-cW - a-\pjy-sc `o-Ic - {- ]-h¿-ØI - ¿ F-∂p ap-{Z-Ip-Øn, Pm-ayw In-´m-Ø h-

Ip-∏p-Iƒ Np-aØ - n X-Sh - n-en-Sp-∂Xpw \n-ba - k - l - m-bw t]m-epw \ntj-[n-°p-∂X - pw a-\p-jy-Xz-cl - nX-am-b `-cW - I - q-S `o-Ic - {- ]-h¿-Ø\-am-Wv. 85 h-b- p-≈ s{sI-kvX-h ]p-tcm-ln-X\ - pw Cu-tim k` -Z-en-Xv a-\p-jym-h-Im-i-{]-h¿Ø-I\ - p-am-b Ãm≥-kzm-an-tbm-Sp Im-´p-∂ {Iq-c-X-bp-am-bn Xm-c-Xay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ C-X-{X-sbm∂pw `o-I-c-a-√ F-∂p B-iz-kn°m-sa-∂p am-{Xw.

tI-c-fw h-I-bpw h-cp-∂p-thm H-cp I-cn-\n-b-aw Iq-Sn? B

-cpw ]-cm-Xn-s∏-Sp-I-sbm-∂pw th-≠, km-aq-ly- am-[y-a-Ønse F-s¥-¶n-epw t]m-Ãv A-h-tl-f-\/ am-\-lm-\n kz-`m-h-ap-≈sX-∂v s]m-eo-kn-\p tXm-∂n-bm-ep-S≥ tI-s -Sp-°mw. D-S≥ A-dÃv D-≠m-Ip-tam Pm-ayw X-cm-sX P-bn-en-e-S-°p-tam F-s∂m-∂pw A-dn-bn-√. \n-b-aw ]q¿-Æ-cq-]-Øn¬ Hm¿-Un-\≥-km-bn h-cm-\n-cn°p-∂-tX D≈q.

C-Xv km-aq-ly- am-[y-a-߃-°p am-{X-a-√, ]-c-º-cm-K-X am-[y-a߃-°pw _m-[-I-am-Im-\m-Wv km-[y-X F-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v am-[y-a ta-Je - b - pw B-i¶ - b - n-em-Wv. tI-cf - ]-{X-{]-h¿-ØI - b - q-Wn-b≥ Cu \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-W-Øn-s\-Xn-sc cw-K-Øp h-∂p-I-gn-™p. km-aq-ly- am-[y-a-ß-fn¬ h-\n-X-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc-bp-≈ lo-\-amb A-h-tl-f-\-߃ X-S-bm≥ h-gn-sbm-∂pw Im-Wm-sX-bm-Wv Cu \n-b-a- \n¿-Ωm-W-sa-∂v A-[n-Ir-X¿ hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Xo¿-®bm-bpw km-aq-ly- am-[y-a-Øn¬ I-b-dn B¿-°pw B¿-s°-Xn-scbpw F-¥pw F-gp-Xmw, ]-d-bmw F-∂ \n-e-bp-≠v. h-\n-X-Iƒ ]-cmXn-s∏-´m¬-t∏m-epw s]m-eo-kv \-S-]-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-∂n-√ F-∂m-Wv Ct∏mƒ C-°m-cy-Øn-ep-≈ ]-cm-Xn. A-t∏mƒ ]n-s∂ ]-cm-Xn-s∏-SmsX-bpw \-S-]-Sn F-Sp-°mw F-∂p hy-h-ÿ sN-bv-Xn-s´-¥m-Wv {]tbm-P-\w? \n-e-hn-ep-≈ \n-b-a-Øn¬ ^-e-{]-Z-am-b hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ C-√mØ-Xm-Wv ]p-Xn-b \n-b-a-\n¿-Ωm-W-Øn-\p Im-c-Ww F-∂p A-[nIr-X¿ hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]-t£, B-h-iy-am-b \n-b-a-h-Ip-∏pIƒ C-t∏mƒ-X-s∂ [m-cm-f-ap-s≠-∂pw s]m-eo-kn-\v C-√mØ-Xv C-Ø-cw hn-j-b-ß-fn¬ \-S-]-Sn F-Sp-°m-\p-≈ k-∑\- pw ip-jv-Im-¥n-bp-am-Wv F-∂pw \n-b-a-cw-K-Øp-≈-h¿ Nq-≠n-°m-´p-∂p. kp-{]nw tIm-S-Xn Ip-gn-®n-´ sF.Sn \n-b-a-Øn-se 66 F h-Ip-∏n-s‚ t{]-X-sØ-bm-Wv C-t∏mƒ ]n-W-dm-bn k¿-°m¿ Po-h≥ -sh-∏n-®v tI-c-f-Øn¬ C-d-°p-∂-sX-∂ B-t£-]am-Wv i-‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv. A-`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S-\w au-en-Im-h-Imi-am-sW-∂p Nq-≠n-°m-´n-bm-Wv kp-{]nwtIm-S-Xn Cu \n-baw d-±m-°n-b-Xv. bp.F.]n.F B-bm-epw cm-Py-t{Zm-l -\n-ba-am-bm-epw F-√mw Pm-ayw \n-tj-[n-°m-hp-∂ \n-b-a-ß-fmWv. P-Uv-Pn-°p {]-Xn-bp-sS \n-c-]-cm-[n-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®v \-√ t_m-[yw tI- n-s‚ hn-Nm-c-W-bv-°p ap≥-]pX-s∂ D-≠mhp-I {]-bm-k-am-W-t√m. A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ C-Ø-cw tI p-I-fn-se {]-Xn-Iƒ Pm-ayw In-´m-sX h¿-j-ß-tfm-fw Pbn-en-em-tb-°mw. ]p-Xn-b \n-b-a-Øn-eq-sS k¿-°m¿ C-XmsWm e-£yw sh-°p-∂-Xv F-∂ tNm-Zy-am-Wv D-b-cp-∂-Xv. ]p-Xn-b \n-b-a-Øn¬ Hm¨-sse≥ A-h-tl-f-\-Øn-\v ]-Xn-\m-bn-cw cq-] ]n-g-bpw A-©p h¿-jw X-S-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw in£. Ip-‰-hm-fn-bm-sW-∂p I-s≠-Øn tIm-S-Xn hn-[n-°p-∂ in-£sb-°p-dn-®m¿-°pw th-h-em-Xn-bn-√. Ip-‰-hm-fn-bm-sW-∂p sX-fn™m-e-t√ A-Xv A-\p-`-hn-t°-≠-Xp-≈q? ]-t£, A-d-Ãn-em-bmhn-[n- h-cpw-h-sc F-{X Im-e-sØ P-bn¬-hm-kw, ]o-U-\w, A-t\I e-£w cq-]-bp-sS tIm-S-Xn-s®-e-hv, sXm-gn¬-\-„w Xp-S-ßn-b A-¥-an-√m-Ø bm-X-\-I-fm-Wv \n-c-]-cm-[n-bpw A-\p-`-hn-t°-≠n hcn-I. P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ C-Ø-cw Hmtcm \n-b-ahpw I-ø-Sn-®v ]m m-°p-tºmƒ \n-c-]-cm-[n-I-fp-sS N-¶n-Sn-∏m-Wv D-b-cp-∂-Xv. bp.F.]n.F-bpw cm-Py-t{Zm-l-\n-b-a-hpw F-√mw C-Xp-h-sc-bpw Ip-‰-hm-fnI-tf-°mƒ ]-e a-S-ßv \n-c-]-cm-[n-I-sf-bm-Wv in-£n-®n-´p-≈-Xv F∂-Xp X-s∂ Cu B-i-¶-Iƒ-s°-√mw Im-c-Ww.

th-Ww "Hm-∏¨ ko-{I-‰v ' \-ap-°pw tPm¨ ]t{Xmkv

33 h¿-j-sØ am-[y-a {]-h¿-Ø\-Øn-\p-ti-jw k-ln-sI-´v ]-Sn-bnd-ßn-t∏m-∂ ap-Xn¿-∂ am-[y-a {]h¿-Ø-I≥ B¿. kp-`m-jn-s‚ shfn-s∏-S-Ø-ep-Iƒ hm-bn-®p. (]mTt`-Zw H-tŒm-_¿ e-°w) am-[y-a taJ-e-bp-sS Zp-c-h-ÿ-I-sf-°p-dn-®v A-dn-hp ]-I-cp-∂-Xn-\p Cu sh-fns∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-´p. \-μn. {]-Xy-£-Øn¬ ]-{X- kzm-X{¥y-ap-≈ H-cp cm-Py-am-Wv C-¥y F-∂m-Wv sh-∏v. A-sXm-cp sX-‰n≤m-c-W am-{X-am-sW-∂p Cu shfn-s∏-Sp-Øe - p-Iƒ hy-‡a - m-°p-∂p.

C-¥y-bn-se B-Zy-sØ h¿-Øam-\-]-{X-am-b _w-Kmƒ K-k-‰v "F√m I-£n-Iƒ-°pw-th-≠n Xp-d-∂psh-®-Xv, A-tX-k-a-bw B-cp-sSbpw kzm-[o-\-i-‡n-°p h-iw-h-Za-√m-Ø' (Open to all, but influenced by none) cm-{„o-b hm-WnPy {]-Xn-hm-c-]-{Xw F-∂ {]-Jym]-\t- Øm-sS-bm-Wv {]-kn-≤o-Ic - n-®ncp-∂X - v.

C-∂s - Ø am-[y-aß - ƒ Cu {]Jym-]-\-tØm-Sv H-´pw \o-Xn ]p-e¿Øp-∂n-√. B-sI-°q-Sn ]n-¥p-S-cp∂-Xv Cu {]-Jym-]-\-Øn-se hmWn-Py-sØ-bm-Wv. A-Xpw A- hm-Wn-Py-a-√, a-dn-®v I-gp-Ø-d-∏≥ sN-´n-an-Sp-°v.

1970I-fn¬ {_n-´-Wn¬ hy-hkm-b-_-‘ ]-cn-jv-I-c-W _nA-h-X-cn-∏n-®n-cp-∂ k-a-b-Øv B \m-´n-se ]-{Xw, td-Un-sbm, sS-enhn-j≥ Xp-S-ßn-b am-[y-a-߃ sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ-°pw sXm-gn-em-fn kw-L-S-\-Iƒ-°pw F-Xn-sc s]mXp-P-\-߃-°n-S-bn¬ F-Xn¿-∏pw ap≥-hn-[n-I-fpw kr-„n-°p-∂-Xn¬

hym-]r-X-cm-bn-cp-∂p. C-Xn¬ a-\ws\m-¥ am-[y-a ta-J-e-bn-se ]-{X{]-h¿-Ø-I¿, km-t¶-Xn-I hn-Z-KvZ¿ ap-Xe - m-bh - ¿ H-Øp-tN¿-∂v {^o I-Ωyq-Wn-t°-j≥-kv {Kq-∏v (Free Communications Group) cq-]o-Icn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. am-[y-a-ß-fnP-\m-[n-]-Xy D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xzw \n¿h-ln-°p-I, s]m-Xp-P-\- k-aq-ltØm-Sp-≈ {]-Xn-_≤ - X - I - ƒ-°p D]m-[n-I-am-bn Po-h-\-°m-cp-sS kwL-S-\m {]m-Xn-\n-[yw ap-tJ-s\ am[y-a-ß-fn-se {]-Xn-]m-Zy-ß-fnt]m-k‰ - o-hm-bn C-Ss - ]-Sp-I ap-Xe - mb e-£y-ß-fm-Wv Cu {Kq-∏n-\p≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Iq-Sm-sX Cu {Kq∏v Hm-∏¨ ko-{I-‰v (Open secret) F-∂ t]-cn¬ H-cp {]-kn-≤o-Ic - W - hpw ]p-dØ - n-d° - n-bn-cp-∂p. hy-hk - mb-_-‘ ]-cn-j-I-c-W _n-√n-s‚ Np-hS- p-]n-Sn-®v X-Ir-Xn-bm-bn \-S∂ - ncp-∂ hy-hk - m-b ÿm-]\ - ß - f - p-sS G-s‰-Sp-°¬, e-b-\w Xp-S-ßn-b-h-

bp-sS ]n-∂m-ºp-dß - f - n¬ H-fn-™ncn-°p-∂ N-Xn-I-fpw I-≈-Ø-c-ßfpw Cu {]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn-eq-sS s]m-Xp-P\ - k - a - £ - w sIm-≠p-h∂ - ncp-∂p. A-ß-s\ kz-¥w am-[y-aß-fn-eq-sS ]p-dØ - p sIm-≠p-hc - m≥ I-gn-bm-Ø hm¿-Ø-Iƒ Ip-d-s®ms° I-≠p. ("Hm-∏¨ ko-{I-‰v' F∂ t]-cv \-∂m-bn-´p-≠v, A-t√?) am-[y-a ta-J-e-bn-se D-≠-®pcp-´p-Iƒ sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ am[y-a-{]-h¿-Ø-\w A-h-km-\n-∏n-®v Ir-jn-bn-te-°p Xn-cn-™t- ∏mƒ am{X-am-Wv B¿. kp-`m-jn-\v kzm-X{¥yw e-`n-®-Xv. "Hm-∏¨ ko-{I-‰v' t]m-ep-≈ kw-hn-[m-\-߃ \n-ehn-ep-≠-¶n¬ A-∏-t∏mƒ X-s∂ sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øm-am-bn-cp-∂p. A-sX, H-cp "Hm-∏¨ ko-{I-‰v' \-ap-°pw ASn-b-¥n-c-am-bn th-Ww. "t_m-[-]q¿-h-hpw kp-[o-c-hpw \n-›-b-Zm¿-Vy-tØm-Sp Iq-Sn-b-Xpam-b H-cp t]m-cm-´w sIm-≠-√m-sX ]-{X-tem-I-sØ c-£n-°p-I km[y-a√ - . [o-ca - \ - - p-If - m-b G-Xm-\pwt]¿ H-Øp-tN¿-∂p Pm-Kc - q-Ic - m-bn hn-´p-ho-gN v- b - n-√m-sX t]m-cm-Sp-Ib - msW-¶n¬ C-Xn-s\ c-£n-°m≥ Ign-t™-°pw; A-Xp-hg - n C-¥y≥ P\m-[n-]-Xy-sØ-bpw.'

C-¥y≥ ]-{X-tem-Iw I-Sp-Ø A-kzm-X-¥yw A-\p-`-hn-®n-cp-∂ 1970I-fn¬ P-b-{]-Im-iv \m-cm-bW≥ F-gp-Xn-b H-cp te-J-\-Ønse h-cn-I-fm-Wn-Xv. am-[y-a kzm-X{¥yw \m-\m-hn-[-Øn¬ A-kzm-X{¥y-hpw sh-√p-hn-fn-I-fpw `o-j-WnI-fpw t\-cn-´p sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ C°m-eØ - v sP.]n.bp-sS Cu hm-°pIƒ G-h-cp-sS-bpw a-\- n¬ D-btc-≠-Xp-≠v. ssÿ-cy-im-en-Iƒ A-hk - c - Ø - n-s\m-Øp {]-Xn-Ic - n-°psa-∂p {]-Xo-£n-°p-∂p.

A-kow Xm-∂n-aq-Sv

Np-

f-bpw Nm-dpw \p-W-™p-I-gn-™v Cu Ip-cp Rm≥ D-S≥ h-en-®p Xp-∏pw: B X-cn-ip-\n-ew A-Sp-Ø \n-an-jw \n-_n-U h-\-am-Ipw. a-[p-c-Øns‚ sskzcy-ØnA-dn-bm-sX Iq-ºn-t∏m-b I-Æp-Iƒ sa-s√-Øp-d-∂p Rm≥ Ip-™pIp-™p t\m-´-ß-fp-sS ap-´-Iƒ hn-X-dpw: B l-cn-X \n-»-–-X In-fn-sbm-®-I-fmap-J-cn-X-am-Ipw. A-Xp tI-´p Rm≥ F-fp-Xm-sbm-cp ]p-©n-cn ]m-Ipw: am-\p-I-fpw ap-b-ep-I-fpw ]p¬-ta-Sp-I-fnX-Øn-°-fn-°pw.

A-Xns‚-bm kz-—-X-bnG-º-°w-hn-´p Rm\p-d-ßm≥ In-S-°pw: D-W-cpw-h-tc-bv-°pw Im-´-cp-hn-Iƒ I-f-I-fw ]m-Spw... tIm-´p-hm-bn-´p aq-cn-\n-h¿-°s - h Dƒ-h-\-sam∂n-f-Im≥ Xp-S-ßpw.

I-c-fn-e-t∏m-sfm-cm-i(B-Àm-Z-hpw) s]-s´-∂p-bn¿-°pw...

B-b-Xp s\-©n¬-∏-S-cpw..

D-Z-c-∏n-S-∏n-em hn-i∏ - n-∂p-Xn¿-∏p-Iƒ ho-≠pw In-fn¿-°pw: Im-S-I-sam-cp s\-Sp-ho¿-∏p-W¿-Øpw.

50

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

s\-©n¬ \n-∂pw R-c-ºp-Iƒ tXm-dp-samcnw-Kn-Xw th-cp ]m-bn-®p-e-bpw:

kq-cym-h-t_m-[ In-c-Ww...!

A-h X-Ir-Xn-bn¬ s]m-´n ap-f-bv-°pw:

h-\y-am-b ap-cƒ-®-I-fm¬ h-\sam-∂p In-Sp-ßpw!

hm-bn-em-h\ - a-Ω-´p ]n-s∂-bpw kzm-Zn-jvT-am-bn-´-a-cpw...

I¨-I-fm¿-Øn-bnse-t¥m sX-c-bp-∂-t]mt]m-f-Iƒ \o¿-Øn-∏-c-Xpw..! \-\-sh-gm t\m-´-∏-c-∏ns]m-gn-bpw s]m-cn-bp-∂

Np-f-bpw Nm-dpw \p-W-™p-I-gn-™v Cu Ip-cp Rm≥ D-S-t\ h-en-®-ßp Xp-∏pw.

]n kp-[m-I-c≥

h

-‰n-b Ip-f-Ønao≥ ]n-Sn-°p-∂ Ip-´n-Iƒ km-tcm-]-tZ-i I-Y-Iƒ Hm¿-°m-dn-√ am-f-ß-fn¬ H-fn-®pw N-Ø -t]m-se In-S-∂pw c-£-s∏-´ a-’y-߃ A-h¿-°p \m-b-I-c-√ [ym-\\ - n-cX - \ - m-bn-cp-∂v C-c-sb e-I-j v- yw sh-°p-∂ sIm-‰n hn-√-\p-a-√.

H-tc C-c-sb Im-Øn-cn-°p-∂ c-≠p Iq-´p-Im¿ I-Ym-]m-{X-߃ A-{X-am-{Xw. D-e-Iw Np-‰p-tºmƒ am-K-√≥ ao≥- ]n-Sn-®n-cp-t∂m? sIm-fw-_-kv \-£-{X a-’y-ß-sf kz-]v-\w I-≠n-cp-t∂m? sN-fn ]p-X-™ -tXm¿-Ønao≥ s]m-Xn-™p `q-tKm-fw \n¿-Ωn-® Ip-´n-Iƒ H-‰° - p-Xn-∏n-\v

`q-J-fi-߃ Xm-≠p-∂p. s]≥-Kzn-\p-I-fp-sS tem-I-Øp-\n-∂pw {[p-h-°-c-Sn-I-fp-sS a-™p-]m-fn-I-fn-te-°v Ip-f-Øn¬ \n-∂pw I-c-I-b-dm-Ø X-h-f-Iƒ t\m-°n \n¬-t° A-‰v-em‚n-°n-\p ta-te-°q-Sn im-¥-k-ap-{Z-Øn-s‚ {]-im-¥n-bn-te-°v, s_¿-aq-U-bp-sS Im-Wm-°-b-Øn¬ \n-∂pw Nm-hp-I-S-en-s‚ e-h-W-Km-V-X-bn-te-°v... h-d-N-´n Im-Øn-cn-°p-∂ a-’y-߃ \n-d-™ Ip-f-߃ In-\m-hv Im-Wp-∂p hn-i-∂n-cn-°p-∂ sIm-‰n D-®-sh-bn¬ ]q-Ø B-Im-i-tØ-°v Nn-d-Ip-hn-cn-°p-∂p.

A-t∂-cw Ip-´n-Iƒ B-Zy-am-bn km-tcm-]-tZ-i I-Y-Iƒ hm-bn-°p-∂p.

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

51

a-Rv-Pp D-Æn-Ir-jv-W≥

Ip

-∂n-s‚ C-d-°-Øn-se C-cp-´v a-W-°p-∂ \n-dw t]m-b a-c \n-d-ap-≈ d-kv-t‰m-d‚n-se G-‰-hpw C-Sp-ßn-b A-‰-Øv c-≠p t]¿-°p-am-{Xw C-cn-∏n-S-ap-≈ sN-dn-b N-Xp-c ta-i-bnA-Xn-cm-hn-se ÿm-]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ H-‰-sbm-cp ]m-Xn hn-cn-™ Np-h-∂ A-Y-hm sh-fp-Ø tdm-k-tbm A-Y-hm P-d-_-d-tbm cm-hn-se H-cp ]q-hv am-{X-am-bn I-W-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p . ]-t£

cm-hn-e-sØ Hm-´∏m-®n-en-\n-S-bn¬. \-Sm-j hn-i-∂p-h-∂v I-b-dp-tºmƒ.

C-cn-∏-S-sam-∂pw Im-en Im-Wm-sX. N-Xp-c-ta-i-bn¬ H-‰-°n-cp-∂p U-_nƒ-V-°¿ _¿-§¿ hn-gp-ßp-∂ Xm-Sn-°m-c-t\m-Sv C-hn-sS C-cp-t∂m-s´ F-∂v I-Æp-sIm-≠v tNm-Zn-®-Xv. ]p-Xn-\ cp-Nn-bp-≈ \m-c-ß-sh-≈w H-‰ izm-k-ØnA-I-Øm-°n-b-Xn-\p ti-jw am-{Xw. F-Xn-tc C-cn-°p-∂ B-sf A-hƒ I-≠-Xv ....

U-_nƒ-_m-c¬ tXm-°p sIm-≠v `m-cy-sb sh-Sn-h-®-Xn-\p ti-j-ap-≈ A-bm-fp-sS h-c-hm-Wv F-∂v \-Sm-j-tbm tdm-k-tbm A-dn-™n-√.

H-cp X-c-Øn-epw H-Øp-t]m-Im-Ø t_m- n-\p-≈ cm-Pn-°-Øv sa-bn¬ sN-øm≥ th-≠n am-{Xw N-Xp-c-ta-i-bn¬ C-cp-∂ \m-cm-b-W≥ ....

Nn-°≥ t]m-]v-kpw s]-dp-°n Xn-∂p-sIm-≠m-Wv ssS-∏nw-Kv Xp-S¿-∂-Xv. cm-{Xn hn-am-\-Øn¬ A-bmƒ cm-Pyw hn-Sp-I-bpw. a-Æp sIm-≠p-≈ B-{i-a-Øn¬ Ip-Sn-tb-dp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. h¿-j-߃-°p ti-jw \m-cm-bW - ≥ {]-i-kv-X-\m-b tbm-Kn-bm-Ip-sa-∂v.. ap-≈m-tW k-Xyw, tdm-k-°-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. a-[p-c-tam X-Wp-t∏m C-√m-Ø Pyq-kv Hm-U-dn-´n-´m-Wv. I-´ {]-W-b-sa-∂v ]-d-bp-∂ c-≠p-t]¿ an-≠m-\n-cp-∂-Xv . \-√ h-√ h¿-Ø-am-\-hpw tIƒ-°mw F-∂v tdm-k-bpw sN-hn Iq¿-∏n-®p ..

C-{X ]-Xp-s° ]-d-™m-se-ß-s\ tIƒ-°pw .?

A-h¿ Im-ep-Iƒ tN¿-Øp-h-®n-cp-∂-Xv tdm-k F-ß-s\ Im-Wm-\m-Wv ?

H-‰-bm-fpw C-√m-Ø t\-c-Øv H-‰b - v° - n-cp-∂v Im-∏n Ip-Sn-°p-∂ s]¨-Ip-´n am-{X-am-Wv tdm-k-sb sXm-´-Xv. A-\-¥-cw hn-cn-™p-t]m-bn B ]q-hv ...

52

]mT-t`-Zw

\hw_¿ 2020

Fw k-Mv

A-fn-bm Zm C-hn-sS sh-≈w tI-dp-∂p.

A-fn-bm h-≈-am-bm sh-≈w tI-dpw, C-Xv H-‰-Ø-Sn h-≈-a-√!

Hm A-Xm-t√?

Cu Hm-´-Iƒ A-S-®q-sS? ]n-s∂-¥m ? h-≈w C-ß-t\m-Sn ap-ßn-bm \-Ω-fv s]-´p-t]m-In-t√?

H-∂p t]m A-fn-bm \o-¥m-\-dn-b-Øn-t√F-s‚ tXm-fn¬ ]n-Sn-®p In-S! Hm-tlm C-°m-b-en\o-¥n-∏Tn-® F‚-Sp-Øm ..! h¿-Øa - m-\ß - f - pw A-\p-am-\-ß-fpw A-h-km-\n-°p-∂p C-\n \-Ω-sfm-∂n-®v h-≈Ø - n¬!

th-sd B-scm-cmƒ? \o am-{Xw! ap-dn-™ kz-]v\ - Ø - n≥ ti-jn-∏p-Iƒ \n-im-‘-X-Iƒ A-gn-™pt]m-b kv-t\-ls®-∏n\n-s‚ ap-dn-s®-Sp-Ø ap-Sn-\m-cn-g-Iƒ!

Rm-\-Xv Im-Øph-®n-cn-°p-∂p (F-∂ c-l-kyw B-tcm-Spw ]-d-tb-≠ ) H-cp a-’yw ]-d-™p F-s‚ h-b-dn-\p-≈n-em-bn-cp-∂p \n-s‚ kz-]v-\-߃ Ip-td-°m-ew! kz-]v-\-ß-sf-√mw H-Sp-ßn-b-t∏mƒ \o Rm≥ ]-c-kv-]-cw tNm-Zn-®p , B h-f-fw B-cp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-∂p?

Im-‰pw tIm-fpw \n-d-™ cm-{Xn-bnRm-\pw \o-bpw am-{Xw H-cp h-≈Ø - n¬! \-Ω-sfm-Øp-tN¿-∂ Im-b¬-°-c-b-√, \-Ωƒ tN¿-∂p-In-S-∂ I-S¬-Øo-c-a-√ , B-cpw Im-Wm-sX kz-]\ v- Ø - nRm≥ am-{Xw I-≠ k-ap-{Zm-¥-cw A-hn-sS F-\n-s°m-∏w

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]mT-t`-Zw

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sIm-Sp-°¬ hm-ß-en]-W-sa-¥n-\v?

Sn sF em-ep

\

-ap-°p kp-]-cn-Nn-X-am-b km-{º-Zm-bn-I hn-]-Wn hn-\n-a-b hy-h-ÿ-bn¬-\n-∂p hn-`n-∂-amb H-cp "hm-Wn-`w' A-ta-cn-°-bn-se hn¿-Po-\n-b kw-ÿm-\-Øn-se s{K-bv-k¨ Iu-≠n-bnep-≈ C≥-Un-s]≥-U≥-kv ]-´-W-Øn¬ c-≠p-aq-∂p h¿-j-am-bn {]-h¿-Øn-®p-h-cp-∂p.

"B-h-iy-ap-≈-Xp F-Sp-Øp sIm-≠p t]m-Ip-I' F-∂ B-i-b-Øn¬ A-[n-jvTn-X-am-bmWv Cu hm-Wn-`w \-S-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xv. ]-c-kv-]-c ssI-am-‰-Øn-s‚ co-Xn-bn-em-Wv C-Xp {]-h¿-Øn°p-∂-Xv. H-cp hy-Xym-kw am-{Xw, C-hn-Sp-sØ sIm-Sp-°¬-hm-ß-en¬ ]-W-ss°-am-‰w H-´p-an√.

Cu hm-Wn-`-Øn-s‚ {]-h¿-Ø-\w e-fn-X-am-Wv. ho-Sn-s‚ aq-e-bn¬ D-t]-£n-®p X-≈n-b, hn¬-]-\ km-[y-X-bn-√m-Ø, A-tX k-a-bw a-‰m¿-s°-¶n-epw {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sm-hp-∂ A-√-d-Nn√-d h-kv-Xp-°-fpw ho-´p-km-a-{Kn-I-fpw hm-Wn-`-Øn-te-°p kw-`m-h-\-bm-bn kzo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

C-Ø-cw km-[-\-߃ B-h-iy-°m¿-°p F-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p t]m-Imw. Xn-I-®pw ku-P-\y-ambn.

Im-Øn-t°mƒ F-s∂m-cp kv-{Xo-bm-Wv C-ß-s\-sbm-cp \q-X-\ hm-Wn-`-hp-am-bn ap-t∂m´p h-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. s{K-bv-k¨ em≥-dv sI-b¿ F-∂ k-∂-≤ kw-L-S-\-bp-sS k-l-I-c-WtØm-sS-bm-Wv Cu hm-Wn-`w \-S-∂p h-cp-∂-Xv. "{^o am¿-°-‰v ' F-∂ e-fn-X-am-b t]-cm-Wv Cu hm-Wn-`-Øn-\p A-h¿ sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "A-t\ym-\yw ]-¶p-sh-°p-I' F-∂ B-i-bw 1975 ¬ H-dn-tKm¨ k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn_n-cp-Z hn-Zym¿-Yn-bm-bn-cp-∂ Im-e-Øp-X-s∂ Im-Øn-t°m-fn-s‚ a-\- n¬ I-b-dn-°q-Sn-bn-cp∂p. k¿-h-I-em-im-e Im-º-kn¬ Xm-a-kn-®n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ A-h-cpw k-l-]mTn-I-fpw F-√mw ]¶p-sh-®p-≈ H-cp Po-hn-X ssi-en-bm-Wv ]n-¥p-S¿-∂n-cp-∂-Xv. Cu B-i-bw Iq-Sp-X¬ hn-]p-eam-b A¿-Y-Øn-epw X-e-Øn-epw {]-tbm-K-Øn¬ h-cp-Øp-hm≥ {i-an-®-Xn-s‚ ^-e-am-bm-Wv C-Ø-c-sam-cp kz-X-{¥ hm-Wn-`w H-cp-ßn-b-Xv. Cu kz-X-{¥ hm-Wn-`w \mw F-gp-Xn-Ø-≈p-∂ N-c-°p-Iƒ-°p H-cp c-≠m-aq-gw {]-Zm-\w sN-øp-∂p. D-]-Im-c-{]-Z-ß-fm-b h-kv-Xp-°ƒ A-h-in„- Iq-ºm-c-ß-fn¬ A-Sn-™p-Iq-Sm-sX c-£n-s®-Sp-°m\m-hp-∂p. A-Xp-h-gn A-aq-ey-ß-fm-b {]-Ir-Xn-hn-`-hß-fp-sS kp-ÿn-c D-]-tbm-Kw sN-dn-b tXm-Xn-se-¶nepw D-d∏ - p-hc - p-Øm-\m-Ip-∂X - m-Wv. k-lh - ¿-Øn-Xz-Øns‚-bpw k-l-Po-h-\-Øn-s‚-bpw H-cp Hm¿-a-s∏-Sp-ØIq-Sn-bm-Wn-X.v am-\p-jn-I_ - ‘ - Ø - n-e[ - n-jT v n-Xa - m-b Cu kz-X-{¥ hm-Wn-`-Øn-s‚ N-¥-em-h-Wyw kp-ÿn-c Po-hn-X-\n¿-an-Xn-°p k-lm-b-I-am-tb-°pw. ]-c-º-cm-KX s]m-Xp-bn-S-ß-sf-√mw Hm-tcm-∂m-bn A-{]-Xy-£-ambn sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ kz-X-{¥ hm-Wn-`w ]p-Xnsbm-cp s]m-Xp-bn-S-Øn-s‚ Xp-d-hn-bp-am-tb-°mw. sN-dp-sX-¶n-epw kr-„n-]-c-am-b C-Ø-cw C-S-s]-Sep-Iƒ \-Ωp-sS \m-´n-epw B-h¿-Øn-°-s∏-tS-≠ H∂m-Wv. D-]t- `m-Kk - w-kvI - m-cØ - n-s‚ {]-tem-`\ - ß - f - nDƒ-s∏-´p-sIm-≠v \mw hm-ßn Iq-´n-b-h-bn¬ ap-S-°m®-c-°p-I-fm-bn am-dn-b-h {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-∂ I-c-ß-fnte-°p ssI-am-dp-∂-Xn-\p-≈ k-∑-\- v {]-I-Sn-∏n-t°≠-Xp-≠v. C-Xp {]m-h¿-Øn-I-am-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈ e-fn-Xam-b kw-hn-[m-\ß - f - pw D-cp-Øn-cn-™p h-tc-≠X - p-≠v.

54

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{]nbs∏´ jo\, KpUv ss_ km-dm tPm-k-^v

jo-

\-sb Rm≥ ]-cn-N-bs∏-Sp-∂-Xv F-s‚ a-Iƒ Ko-X hgn-bm-Wv. B-Zyw kvI - q-fn-epw ]n-∂oSv tIm-tf-Pn-epw A-h¿ H-cp-an-®p≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A-ß-s\-bm-Wv jo\ F-s‚ kp-lr-Øv t{K-kn-s‚ aI-fm-sW-∂v Rm≥ a-\- n-em-°p∂-Xv. Ip-cn-bn-®n-db - n¬ F-\n-°v ASp-Ød - n-bm-hp-∂ Ip-Spw-_a - m-Wv Ah-cp-tS-Xv. jo-\ F-s‚ Po-hn-XØ - n-te-°v I-S∂ - p-hc - p-∂X - v kv{- Xo hn-tam-N\ - w F-∂p-≈ H-cp tdm-fn-em-Wv. 80 Ifn¬ tI-c-f-Øn¬ kv-{Xo hn-tamN-\{- ]-ÿm-\Ø - n-s‚ B-ib - ß - ƒ hn-]p-e-am-bn {]-N-cn-°m≥ Xp-S-ßnb k-a-b-Øv a-‰v sN-dp {Kq-∏p-Itfm-sSm-∏w Xr-iq-cn¬ tN-X-\ F∂ H-cp kw-Lw cq-]s - ∏-Sp-Ib - p-≠mbn. s^-an-\n-Ãv {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ G-Ii - n-em-cq-]a - m-bn-´√ - \-S∂ - n-cp-∂Xv. H-cp-]-t£, ]-c-kv-]-c hn-cp-≤w F-∂p-t]m-epw tXm-∂m-hp-∂- X-cØn-ep-≈ s^-an-\n-Ãv ho-£W - ß - fn¬ {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ H-cp-]m-Sv kv{Xo-Iƒ A-∂pw C-∂pw D-≠v. ]-ckv-]-c-ap-≈ hn-izm-k-߃-°v, kwhm-Z-߃-°v, hn-a¿-i-\-߃-s°ms° kv-s]-bv-kv D-≈ h-f-sc P\m-[n-]X - y-]c - a - m-b H-cp C-Sa - m-Wv kv{Xo-I-fp-sS {]-h¿-Ø-\-ta-J-e. AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ H-cp Iq-´¿ ]n¥p-Sc - p-∂X - v B-bn-cn-°W - s - a-∂n-√ a-s‰m-cp Iq-´¿ ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂-Xv. ]-

t£ F-√mw Iq-Sn H-∂n-®p tN¿Øp-sh-bv-°p-tºm-gm-Wv kv-{Xo-bpsS hn-tam-N-\-hp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´ cm-{„o-b-Øn-s‚ B-g-Øn-ep-≈ kzm-[o-\w tI-c-f-Øn¬ \-ap-°v a\- n-em-°m-\m-hp-I. F-√m-h¿-°pw H-‰ e-£y-ta-bp-≈q; hn-tam-Nn-Xb - mb kv-{Xo, D-bn¿-sØ-gp-t∂¬-°p∂ kv{- Xo, \-s´-√p \n-h¿-Øn \n¬°p-∂ kv{- Xo. C-Xn-\p-th-≠n H-∂n®p-Iq-Sn-b-h-cm-Wv F-√m-h-cpw Xs∂. F-√m {Kq-∏p-I-fpw ]-s¶-SpØv tIm-gn-t°m-Sv sh-®p-\-S-∂ hen-b k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ h-f-sc sFIy-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn kv-{Xo-hn-tam-N-\mi-bw D-b¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-® H-cp N-cn-{Xw tI-cf - Ø - n¬ tc-Js - ∏-Sp-tØ-≠X - p≠v. Cu {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß - f - n-sem-s° jo-\-bp-sS ap≥-I-øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tN-X\ - b - p-sS km-cY - n X-s∂-bm-bncp-∂p A-hƒ. ]mT-t`-Zw {Kq-∏p-ambn tN¿-∂v {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂ k-ab-Øv h-f-sc hy-Xy-kv-X-ß-fm-b, h-fs - c _p-≤n-]c - a - m-b, Im-eØ - n-\p ap-t∂ Ip-Xn-°p-∂ B-i-b-߃ ap-t∂m-´p-sh-°p-hm≥ jo-\-°v Ign-™n-cp-∂p.

A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ ]-e-t∏mgpw ]-e {Kq-∏v {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw kz-X-{¥-am-b hn-a¿-i-I-bm-bncp-∂p jo-\. B hn-a¿-i\ - ß - ƒ kXy-Øn¬ \-sΩ Nn-¥n-∏n-°m≥ hf-sc-tb-sd t{]-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. h-fs - c kz-X-{¥ _p-≤n-bm-b, F-¥m-Wv i-cn-bm-b H-cp s^-an-\n-Ãn-s‚ Pohn-X-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xv F-∂v Xo-cpam-\n-°p-I-bpw, A-Xv Xn-c-s™-Sp-

°p-I-bpw sN-bv-X jo-\-sb-bm-Wv k- X y- Ø n¬ Rm≥ A- X n- i - b tØm-Sp Iq-Sn t\m-°n-°-≠n-cp-∂Xv. jo-\b - p-sS H-cp h-en-b {]-tXyI-X-bm-bn F-\n-°v tXm-∂n-bn-´p≈-Xv, F-√m-ht- c-bpw B-I¿-jn-°p∂ A-h-fp-sS kv-am¿-´v-s\- pw NSp-ea - m-b hn-a¿-i\ - kz-`m-hh - pw AtXm-sSm-∏w X-s‚ D-≈n-ep-≈ Bi-b-sØ {]-I-Sn-∏n-°m≥ th-≠n A-hƒ D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ Xr-iq¿ `m-j-bp-sS I-d-I-f-™ \n-jv-°-f¶-X-bp-am-Wv. jo-\ H-cn-°-epw Xriq¿ `m-j-b-√m-sX kw-km-cn-®n-´p≈-Xv Rm≥ tI-´n-´n-√. A-Xn-se H-cp N-Sp-e-X, i-‡n-bpw ku-μcy-hpw ]-cn-lm-kh - pw F-√mw I-e¿∂ H-cp kw-km-c-co-Xn F-√m-h-tcbpw jo-\-bn-te-°v A-Sp-∏n-®v \n¿Øp-∂ H-cp L-S-I-am-bn-cp-∂p.

A-hƒ-°v h-f-sc ]-c-∂ kplr-Zv-_-‘-߃ D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tI-cf - Ø - n-ep-S\ - o-fa - p-≈ kv{- Xo-If - pam-bn A-Sp-∏-hpw km-tlm-Z-cy-hpw ]p-e¿-Øn-bn-cp-∂ H-cp Ip-´n-bm-Wv jo-\. tcm-KØ - n-s‚ ImTn-\y-Øn-\n-Sbn-epw Rm≥ A-h-km-\w I-≠ jo-\-bp-sS t^m-t´m, jo-\-tb A√m-Ø H-cp cq-]w, X-s‚ tcm-K-iø-bn-en-cp-∂p-sIm-≠v H-cp ]p-kv-XIw hm-bn-°p-∂ Nn-{X-am-Wv. B Nn-{Xw I-≠p-\n¬-°m-\p-≈ ti-jn F-\n-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. A-h-sf kv-t\-ln-® B¿-°pw X-s∂ AXp-≠m-hn-√ F-∂v D-d-∏m-Wv.

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]mT-t`-Zw

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F-¥v c-kw-≈ s^-an-\n-Ãv !

I-\n -Ip-kr-Xn

F-

\n-°v- jo-t\-®n-sb ]-‰n Fgp-Xm-s\m-∂pw ]-‰p-sa-∂v tXm-∂p∂n-√. Nn-e-s∏mƒ B¿-°pw. I-gnbp-∂-Xpw A-I-∂v, h-f-sc am-dn \n∂v F-gp-Xp-∂p. `m-j-°pƒ-s°m≈m-hp-∂-Xn-\p-a-∏p-d-am-Wp Nn-e a\p-jy¿.

2005 ¬ D-≠m-b ]-e Xr-iq¿ Iq-´p-I-fn¬ \n-∂m-Wp Rm≥ BZy-am-bn jo-t\-®n-sb I-≠-Xv- F∂m-Wp Hm¿-Ω.

A-Xn-s\m-s° ap≥-s] jo t\-®n R-ß-sf-sbm-s° I-≠n-´p≠m-h-Ww. Cu {]-]-©w s]m-´n hn-S¿-∂X - p ap-X¬ s]m-´n-ØI - c - m≥ t]m-Ip-∂-Xv- h-sc-bp-≈-Xv- A-h¿°-dn-bmw. Np-‰p-]m-Sn-t\m-Sv- A-Xnkq-£v-a-am-b {i-≤ ]p-e¿-Øp-∂ jo-\ tN-®n. tN-®n C-∂-tßm-´v- h-t∂m-s´?

A-hn-sS h-∂v \n-t∂m-s´? In-St∂m-s´? -C-ß-s\ R-߃-s°ms° F- t ∏mƒ th- W - s a- ¶ n- e pw tNm-Zn-°m≥ ]-‰p-∂ Np-cp-°w t]cn-sem-cmƒ. \o C-tßm-´n-s∏m hc-s√, F-\n-°n-s∏m H-cp-]m-Sv- tPmen-bp-≠v- F-∂pw A-s√-¶n¬ ht∂m-So F-∂pw ]p-√p t]m-se ap-

56

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J-Øv- t\m-°n ]-d-bp-∂ tN-®n. s^-an-\n-Ãv∂ - p ]-d™ m¬ C-{X ck-ap-≈ H-cp s^-an-\n-Ãn-s\ Rm≥ th-sd I-≠n-´n-√. s^-an-\n-k-Øn\p C-{X `w-Kn-bpw \¿-Ω-hpw B-ghpw D-s≠-∂v a-\ - n-em-bX - v- X-s∂ jo-\ tN-®n-sb I-≠-Xn-\p ti-jam-Wv. tN-®n \-Ω-sf Nn-cn-∏n-®v- hi-Øm-°n I-f-bpw. Nn-¥n-∏n-®v- A¥w sI-Sp-Øpw. C-{X-bpw h-en-b Xn-b-dn-I-sfm-s° C-ß-s\ C-{Xbpw kn-ºn-fm-bn ]-d-bm≥ A-dn-bp∂, s]m-´ _p-≤ow sIm-≠v- sN∂m¬ H-Sn-®v- a-S-°n I-øn-Ø-cp-∂ jo-t\-®n. F-s¥m-cp _p-≤n-a-Xn. F-¥p hn-j-a-am-sW-¶n-epw jo-t\-®n-bp-sS I-øn¬ F-s∏m-gpw sN-∏S- n hn-Zy-Iƒ, Ip-dp-°p-hg - n-Iƒ F-∂p th-≠ ]-eX - c - w D-Øc - ß - ƒ, ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ H-s° D-≠m-hpw. AtXm-≠p X-s∂ A-h-cp-≈-Xv- Rß-sf-t∏m-se Ip-sd t]¿-°v- h-√mØ ss[-cy-am-bn-cp-∂p. Po-hn-°m\p-≈ ss[-cyw h-∂-Xv- X-s∂ jot\-®n Im-c-W-am-W.v- H-cp `m-Kw Xf¿- ∂ - X v - t]m- s e- b m- W - p F- \ n°nt∏m. tN-®n-bp-sS ho-´n¬ F-t∏mƒ sN-∂m-epw ]-e s]¨-Ip-´n-I-fp≠m-hpw. ho-´n¬ \n¬-°m≥ ]-‰mØ, ]- e _p- ≤ n- a p- ´ p- I - f p- a p- ≈ s]¨- I p- ´ n- I ƒ. tN-®n-bp-sS sj¬-^v- \n-d-sb hn-Nn-{X-am-b IuXp- I h- k v - X p- ° fpw X-Sn I-fn-∏m-´ß- f p- a p- ≠ m- h pw.

A-Sp-°-f H-cp A¤p-X tem-I-hp-amWv. C-sX-¥n-\m D]- t bm- K n- ° - s W, tN-®o-∂v tNm-Zn°m≥ ]-‰n-b H-cmbn- c w Iq- ´ - a p- ≈ A-Sp-°-f.

Rm≥ tjmfp-an-´v- ]p-X® - v- \n¬°p- ∂ - X v- I- g pØn¬ \n-d-sb ehv- ss_-‰v- D-≈-Xv

sIm-≠m-Wp, A-√m-sX sXm-≠t- hZ-\ h-cpw F-∂v t]-Sn-®v-´-√ F-∂v, a-‰m¿-°pw a\ n-em-bn-s√-¶n-epw jot\-®n-°v- a-\- n-em-hpw. I-c®n¬ h-∂v ap-´n \n¬-°m-Wp `-£Ww I-gn-s®m-≠n-cn-°p-tºm-sg-∂pw A-h¿-°v- a-\ - n-em-hpw. I-ct- ™mSo F-∂pw ]-d-bpw. F-{X a-d-®p ]n-Sn-®m-epw D-≈v- a-\- n-em-°m≥ A-h¿-°v- H-cp I-gn-hp-≠v-. kw-km-cn-®n-´pw kw-km-cn-®n´pw sIm-Xn Xo¿-∂n-´n-√m-bn-cp-∂p.

D-dß - m≥ hn-Sm-sX, cm-{Xn ap-gp-h≥, ]-I¬ ap-gp-h≥ H-´pw a-Sp-°m-sX C-ß-s\ C-cp-∂p kw-km-cn-°m≥ sIm-Xn Xo¿-∂n-´n-√m-bn-cp-∂p, Fs‚ jo-\-t®-®o..

G-‰-hpw H-Sp-hn¬ I-≠-t∏mƒ R-߃ ]m-\n-Iv- A-‰m-Iv- h-cp-∂Xn-s\ ]-‰n kw-km-cn-®p. a-Wn-°qdp-I-tfm-fw. jo-t\-®n-bp-sS ]-gp-Ø am-ß ap-f-In-´v- sh-®-Xv-, N-´n-bn¬ h-® sIm-©p-Id - n, Iq-Pb - n-se X-Wp-Ø sh-≈w, Np-cn-Zm-dp-Iƒ, I-f¿-^pƒ ]m-hm-SI - ƒ, \-√ I-gp-In-aS- ° - n sh® s_-Uv- jo-‰p-Iƒ, Im-∏n-s]mSn I-fd - n-se km-cn, a-Wn-πm‚p-Iƒ, ]q-°ƒ, a-c-߃, i-–w, Nn-cn, aWw...C-sXm-s° F-√m-h¿-°p-ap≈-Xm-Wp. ]-s£, F-‰-hpw {]n-b-s∏-´-Xv- Rm≥ Hfn-∏n-®v- sh-°p-I X-s∂ sN-øpw.

F-\n-°v- am-{X-a-dn-bm-hp-∂ jo-t\®n F-s‚-bp-≈n¬ X-s∂ C-cn-°s´.

You were my true feminist.

That one person I really looked upto, And longed for.

This world is so unpleasant without you.

There is no humour anymore.

No laughs. No cuddles.

Its a sad ignorant place.

I kept erasing the map of thrissur.

Is there a way I can make it disappear?

Ip-Øn-h-c-®n-´v- Xo-cp-∂n-√-s√m Cu \-in-® tem-Iw.

kv-{Xo kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-te-°v Ip-dp-°p h-gn-I-fn-√, A-Xv Po-hn-Xw X-s∂-bm-Wv ]n C D-j

jo-

\-bp-sS A-¥ybm-{X-°v km-£n-bm-hp-tºmƒ, jo-\ Iq-Sn A-hn-sS k-Po-h-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶nCu km-l-N-cyw F-ß-s\-bm-bncn-°p-sa-∂v a-\- n¬ sh-dp-sX Hm¿-Øp t]m-bn. F-{X k-¿-Km-flI-am-°pw jo-\ Hm-tcm k-μ¿ - -`ßfpw! F-{X Hm¿-Km-\n-Iv B-bn-cn°pw Hm-tcm C-S-s]-S-ep-I-fpw! jo\-sb B-cm-Wv a-d° - p-I? sX-fn-sh≈w t]m-se Xp-d-∂p kw-km-cn-®p \-Ω-sf Iq-sSIq-´p-∂ {]n-bs∏-´ Iq-´p-Im-cn. {]m-bhy-Xym-k-hpw enw-K-hyXym-kh - pw {]-iv\ - a - m-°m-sX A-\mbm-k-am-bn Ip-cn-b-®n-d `m-j-bnh-en-b Du¿-P-tØm-sS jo-\ Bi-b hn-\n-ab - w \-SØ - p-∂X - v H-c¤ - pX-am-bn-cp-∂p. D-≈psIm-≠v Xo¿Øpw kz-X-{¥-am-b H-cmƒ-t° AXn-\p I-gn-bq. jo-\ D-≈psIm-≠v A-{X-°pw kz-X{- ¥-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]e-Xc - Ø - n¬ Du-jva - f - a - m-b ku-lrZ-߃ jo-\° - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. H-´pw Iq-´n-s°-´n-bnSmØ Xp-d-∂, A-Xncn-Sm-Ø ku-lr-Z-߃ jo-\-°p≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]-e-t∏m-gpw X-e-ap-dIƒ°-∏p-d-tØ-°v A-h hym-]n-®ncp-∂p. Xm≥ \n¬-°p-∂ C-Sw Xt‚-Xp X-s∂ F-∂v D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-XztØm- s S D- d - ∏ n- ° p- ∂ s]- c p- a m‰ßƒ.

Xr-iq¿ `m-jb - p-sS Cu-WØ - nepw `m-h-Øn-epw B-g-Øn-epw D≈ ku-lr-Z hn-fn-I-fpw ap-g-ßp∂ s]m-´n-®n-cn-I-fpw... jo-\-bp-sS Cu kz-X-{¥-am-b C-S-s]-S-ep-Iƒ B-W-[n-Im-c aq-i-bn¬ _-e-s∏-´ hy-‡n-Xz-ß-sf h--sc kzm-[o-\n-®n´p-≠v. A-Øc - w s]-cp-am-‰ß - s - f am‰n-sb-Sp-°m≥ A-h¿ \n-¿_ - ‘ - n-°s∏-´n-´p-≠v.

Xp-S-°w ap-X¬ H-Sp-°w h-sc D-≈ H-Xp-ßm-Ø Du¿-P {]-hm-l-

am-bn-cp-∂p jo-\ R-ß-fp-sS IqSn-t®-ce - p-If - n¬. A-Xv tN-X\ - b - nB-bm-epw ]n-∂o-Sv k-l-P-bnB-bm-epw t_m-≤y-s∏-´ Im-cy߃. {]-h¿-Øn-°m≥ G-sX-¶n-epw kn-≤m-¥-ß-fp-sS ]n≥-_-ew Bh-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ip-sd G-sd sN-dn-b sN-dn-b {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ tI-c-f-Øn-s‚ kv-{Xo A-h-Im-i {]-h-¿Ø-\ ta-J-e-°v kw-`m-h-\ sN-øm≥ jo-\-bp-sS t\-Xr-Xz ]c-am-b C-S-s]-S-en-∂m-bn-´p-≠v. kv{Xo-bp-sS A-h-Im-iw tI-h-ew hy‡n-]-c-am-b kzm-X-{¥y-sa-∂-Xn-e∏p-dw km-aq-ly-am-bpw ]m-cn-ÿnXn-I-am-bpw D-≈ kzm-X-{¥y-sa-∂ H-cp Im-gN v- ∏ - m-tSm-Sp Iq-Sn-bp-≈ {]h¿-Ø-\-߃ B-bn-cp-∂p A-∂v G-sd-bpw D-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. G-gn-a-e-bn¬ \n-∂v _-en-b∏mte-°v \-SØ - n-b bm-{X-bn¬ kPo-h-am-b Aw-K-am-bn-cp-∂p jo-\.

B-Wh - tIm-f\ - o-Ic - W - Ø - n-s‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p B bm{X. A-sX-√mw ]n-∂o-Sv tI-c-f-Ønse B-Wh - hn-cp-≤ k-ac - ß - ƒ - °v D-tØ-P-\-am-bn-´p-≠v.

H-cp kv-{Xo{]-h¿-Ø-I F-∂ \n-eb - n¬ H-Xp-ßp-∂ {]-h¿-Ø\ - coXn-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√ jo-\-bp-tS-Xv. CS-s]-S-ep-I-fn¬ F-∂-t]m-se {]h¿-Ø-\-ß-fn-epw h-f-sc k-¶p-NnX-am-b ]-cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]-›n-a-L-´ c-£m bm-{X-bn-epw jo-\ Iq-sS D-≠m-bncp-∂p, h-f-sc k-Po-h-am-bn X-s∂.

A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bm-h-Ww hn]p-e-am-b ku-lr-Zw- cq-]-s∏-´-Xv. H-∂n-s‚-bpw B-[n-Im-cn-I-X ssIh-is∏-Sp-Øn-bn-s√-¶n-epw H-∂nepw ]n-∂n-ep-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. hy-‡n Po-hn-X-hpw {]-h¿-Ø\-hpw th-sd th-sd A-Xn-cn-´p kq£n-®n-cp-∂n-√ jo-\. Iq-sS-bp-≈h¿ X-s∂ Ip-Spw-_w. A-ß-s\ jo-\-bp-sS ho-Sv H-cp Ip-Spw-_ ho-

Sv B-bn-cp-∂p. F-s‚ a-Iƒ-°v hen-b C-„a - m-Wv A-hf - p-sS C-øs - b (jo-\ F-∂v hn-fn-°m-\p-≈ A-hfp-sS Ip-´n-°m-e-sØ {i-a-am-bn-cp∂p C-ø). Ip-´n-I-fp-am-bn C-S-s]Sm≥ jo-\-°v h-en-b I-gn-hm-bn-cp∂p. jo-\-tbm-sSm-∏w bm-{X-t]mIm-\pw s]-cp-∂m-fn-\v t]m-Im-\psa-√mw Ip-sd Ip-´n-Iƒ D-≠m-hpam-bn-cp-∂p. A-t∏mƒ jo-\-bpw Hcp Ip-´n-bm-hpw.

Hm-tcm Ip-´n-tb-bpw a-\- nI-≠v Hm-tcm k-Ωm-\-߃ hm-ßn \¬-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. F-t∏m-gpw F√m Ip-´n-I-sf-bpw Hu-´v tUm¿ sIm-≠v t]m-Ip-∂-Xv jo-\-bm-bncp-∂p. h-ep-Xpw sN-dp-Xp-am-b Ip´n-I-fp-sS k-t¥m-jw Im-Wm≥ jo-\ h-√m-sX ]-cn-{i-an-°p-am-bncp-∂p. A-h-tcm-tSm-∏w \n-∂v A-hcp-sS hn-j-a-ß-fp-sS Ip-cp-°-gn-®p kz-X-{¥-am-°¬ jo-\-bp-sS H-cp {i-a-a-am-bn-cp-∂p. F-hn-sS-bpw Ft∏m-gpw H-´pw ap≥-˛]n≥ hn-[n-Iƒ \-SØ - m-sX jo-\ A-hs - c tN¿-Øv \n¿-Øp-am-bn-cp-∂p. A-Xp-sIm-≠v X-s∂ jo-\-bp-sS kv-{Xo kzm-X{¥y {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ Np-cp-s°-gpØn-s‚ Ip-dp-°p-h-gn-I-f-√ a-dn-®p Po-hn-X-Øn-s‚ t\¿ B-g-ß-fn-te°p-≈ k-©m-c-am-Wv. A-Xn-\p t\¿ km-£y-߃ Ip-sd sN-dp-∏-°m-cp-sS Po-hn-X kμ¿`-ßf - m-W.v {]-tXy-Ia - m-b G-sX¶n-epw {]-Xy-b-im-kv-{Xß-fn-tes°m-∂pw Nm-cn \n-ev-°m≥ jo-\ {i-an-®n-√. B kzm-X-{¥yw jo-\bp-sS {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-sf Iq-Sp-X`w-Kns∏-Sp-Øn. kv{- Xo-If - p-sS t\-sc-bp-≈ B[n-]-Xy-sØ tNm-Zyw sN-øp-I sIm-≠p-≠m-Ip-∂ ap-dn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ jo-\° - pw D-≠m-bn-´p-≠v. Cu kzmX-{¥y-sØ A-hn-Nm-cn-X-am-bm-Wv tcm-Kw I-S-∂p ]n-Sn-°p-∂-Xv. s]mcp-Xn \n-ev-°m≥ ]-c-am-h-[n {i-an®p-sh-¶n-epw ]n-Sn-®p \n¬-°m-\m-bn√t√m, G-sd t\c-tØ-bm-bn Cu t]m-°v. ]-I-cw sh-°m-\n-√m-Ø Cu Po-hn-X-Øns‚ Hm¿-a-bp-sS h-en-b I-cp-ØmWv C-\n \-ap°p-≈-Xv.

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

57

Ip-Xn-c-hm¬ ap-Sn-bp-am-bn Ip-Xn-c-sb-t]m-se sI sP tPm-Wn

Sm... F-∂p hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠v 16, hm-©n-tem-Uv-Pv, Xr-iq¿ -21 Cu hn-em-k-Øn-te-°v H-cp kv-{Xo IS-∂p-h-cn-I-sb-∂-Xv B-bn-c-Øn sXm-≈m-bn-cØ - n F¨-]X - p-If - nA-]q¿-Δ-am-bn-cp-∂p. Im-c-Ww Cu ap-dn ap≥ \-Iv-k-se-‰p-I-fp-sS-bpw P-\-Io-b kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-th-Zn {]h¿-Ø-I-cp-sS-bpw ]-cn-ÿn-Xn {]h¿-ØI - c - p-sS-bpw kw-Ka - - ÿ-ea - mbn-cp-∂p. ]n.bp.kn.F¬, hm-°v, ]mT-t`-Zw, ss\-Xn-I-th-Zn Xp-S-ßnb \-h km-aq-ly-{]-ÿm-\-ß-fp-S {]-h¿-Ø-\-tI-{μ-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]-cnÿn-Xn P-\-Io-bm-tcm-Kyw, ]u-cmh-Im-iw, kn-\n-a, \m-S-Iw, kv-{Xohm-Zw Xp-S-ßn ]-e hn-j-b-ß-fpsS-bpw kw-hm-Z ÿ-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]p-cp-j-∑m¿ am-{Xw h-∂p-t]mIp-∂ A-h-cp-sS kw-hm-Z- ÿ-etØ-bv-°m-Wv kv-{Xo-Iƒ I-S-∂ph-cp-∂X - v. tI-cf - h - ¿-Ω tIm-tf-Pna-eb - m-fw Fw.F hn-Zym¿-∞n-\n-bmbn-cp-∂p jo-\. jo-\b - p-sS k-tlmZ-c≥ jm-Pp tPm-kv A-tX tImtf-Pn¬ ^n-tem-k-^n _n-cp-Z hnZym¿-∞n-bpw.

58

]n-∂o-Sv jo-\b - p-sS `¿-Øm-hmb k-t¥m-jv-Ip-am-dpw A-hn-sS X-s∂ hn-Zym¿-∞n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hm©n tem-Uv-Ppw {]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpam-bn F-{X-tbm s]-s´-∂v jo-\bpw jm-Pp-hpw jm-Pp-hn-s‚ k-l]mTn-I-fm-b jo≥, Zm-k≥ Xp-Sßn-b-h-cpw Xm-Zm-flyw {]m-]n-®p. jm-Pp A-ß-s\ R-ß-fp-sS IqsS ^pƒ-ssSw {]-h¿-Ø-I-\m-bn X-s∂ am-dn. sX-cp-hp-\m-SI - w, ]mTt`-Zw, ]u-cm-h-Im-i {]-h¿-Ø-\߃ Xp-S-ßn F-√m cw-K-Øpw. jo-\ R-ß-fp-sS ap-∂n¬ [oc-X-tbm-sS \-S-∂ kv-{Xo-bm-bn-cp∂p. A-ß-s\-bm-Wv tN-X-\ s^an-\n-Ãv {Kq-∏v cq-]w-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. jo-\-bm-bn-cp-∂p tN-X-\-bp-sS {]kn-U‚ v, h-f-sc {]-k-∂-h-Xn-bmbn, s]m-´n-®n-cn-®v, I-fn-X-am-i-Iƒ ]-d-™v Nn-cn-∏n-®v, Cu-tKm-bn-Ãn°-√m-Ø s^-an-\n-Ãm-Im≥ jo-\bv° - p-≈ I-gn-hv A-]m-ca - m-bn-cp-∂p.

H-∂pw h-Ih - ® - p-Xc - n-Ib - n-√. "Sm' F∂ hn-fn-bn¬ A-hƒ \-sΩ ap-Jw Xn-cn-∏n-°pw. A-X-h-fp-sS ssP-hnI L-S-\-bm-Wv. ]p-cp-j-s\ i-{Xp-hm-°m-sX kv-{Xo-kzm-X{¥yØn-\p-th-≠n \nc-¥-cw I-e-ln-® jo-\ `m-c-ap-≈

ssk-≤m-¥n-I {]-iv-\-ß-sfm-∂pw D-∂-bn-°m-dn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. kv-t\-lØn-s‚, km-¥z-\-Øn-s‚ H-cp Xtem-S-em-bn-cp-∂p.

Xr-iq¿ `m-j-bp-sS am-[p-cyw hn-f-ºp-∂ ssi-en-bn-eq-sS A-hƒ kw-km-cn-°p-tºmƒ kv-t\-l-Øns‚ H-cp I-S¬ I-c-bn-te-°v h-cpI-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]-›n-a-L-´ c-£mbm-{X, B-W-h-hn-cp-≤ I¨-sh≥j≥, _-en-b-]m¬ bm-{X, X-¶-aWn˛kq-cy-s\-√n ]o-U-\-t°-kp-Itfm-Sp-≈ {]-Xn-I-c-W-߃, A-gnam-hv a-Zy-\n-tcm-[-\ k-a-cw, am-\kn-Im-tcm-Ky tI-{μ-Øn-se Im-cpWyw h¿-jn-® am-\k - n-bp-sS {]-h¿Ø-\-߃, hn-_v-Pn-tbm¿ Xp-S-ßn F-{X-tbm k-a-c-ap-J-Øv jo-\-bp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B jo-\-bm-Wv C√m-Xm-b-Xv. a-cW - w H-cm-sf-bpw C-√m-Xm-°p∂n-√. A-h-sc kv-t\-ln-®, \-ap-°v H-cp-]m-Sv kv-t\-lw X-∂-h-cn¬ ]e-cpw C-∂v \-Ωp-sS Iq-sS-bn-√. kzman\mY≥, kptcjv Xcpam{X, jo\bpsS Xs∂ A\nb≥ jmPp... B {]n-b-s∏-´-h¿ t]m-bnS-tØ-°v, A-h-cp-sS-bn-S-bn-se I\-em-bn, s]m-´n-®n-cn-bm-bn jo-\ amd-s´.

Printed and published by Civic Chandran and owned by Naithikavedi Publications, Printed at Red Star Offset, Kozhikode.

Published from Sooryakantham, West Hill, Kozhikode 673005 Editor: Civic Chandran \hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

Fw a-t\m-l-c≥

Xp-

d∂ - B-tLm-ja - m-bn-cp-∂p AXv. hn-th-N\ - ß - f - p-sS-bpw ]-cn-an-XnI-fp-sS-bpw t]-cn¬ A-cn-Ip-h¬-°cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw ]n-¥-≈-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sN-øp-∂-h-cp-sS P-\m-[n-]-tXym-’h - w˛2019 H-tŒm-_¿ 28\pw 29\pw ]mT-t`-Zw \-S-Øn-b k_mƒ-´≥ s^-Ãn-h¬. B-sc-bpw ]p-d-Øp \n¿-Øm-Ø B-tLm-jam-bn-cp-∂p aq-fm-°w F-∂p sNm√n-hn-fn-® B Io-gm-f-∏q-cw. tI-c-fØn-\-I-Øpw ]p-d-Øp-\n-∂p-am-bn F-{X-sb-{X I-em-Im-c∑ - m¿, _p-≤nPo-hn-Iƒ, B-Œn-hn-Ãp-Iƒ, s]¿t^m-a¿-am¿, kw-Lm-S-I¿.... ao-c kw-L-an-{X, tUm-. lm-jn-kp-±o≥ A-l-Ω-Zv, k-μo-]v ]m-sfi, at\m-c-Rv-P≥ _ym-]m-cn, sS≥-knMv kyq-t≠, _-ªp tem-bv-tXm-Mv Kmw, ]mw-Jp-cn k-lo¿, i¿-an-f apdm knw-Kv, {]-k-∂, kp-μ-cn, F tc-hX - n, F-kv ]n D-Zb - I - p-am¿, kmdm-tPm-k-^v, tUm-. Fw- Pn- F-kv \m-cm-b-W≥, sI C F≥ Ip-™l-Ω-Zv, kn sI Pm-\p, ap-c-fo-[c≥ sI, A-\n¬ tN-te-{º, hn Sn ]-fl\ - m-`≥, dn-bm-kv tIm-ap, kn F-^v tPm¨, J-Zo-P apw-Xm-kv, tUm-. sI {io-Ip-am¿, \-fn-\n Pao-e, P-am¬ sIm-®-ßm-Sn, tPm-bvam-Xyp, ]n sP am-Xyp, F≥ ]n cm-tP-{μ≥... C-¥y-bn-se k-_mƒt´¨ N-e-\-ß-fp-sS t\¿Im-gv-Nbpw A-Ø-cw k-{In-b-X-Iƒ-°v C‘-\-am-b-h-cp-sS hn-]p-e-am-b t{iWn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p A-Xv. I¬∏‰ \mcmbW≥, arZpe tZhn Fkv , F ]n Ip™map F∂nhcmbncp∂p s^Ãnh¬ UbdŒ¿am¿.

Hm-tcm s]¿-t^m-a≥-kpw A-hn-ka v c-Wo-bw. {]-`m-j-W-ß-fpw sk-an\m-dpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I B-hn-jv-Im-

B-fm-°w I-t≠, aq-fm-°w tI-t´... c-ß-fpw sIm-≠v ^p-≈n ]m-°v-Uv B-b c-≠p \m-fp-Iƒ. I¿-´≥ ssdk¿ F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ A-h-X-cn-∏n® i-¶¿ sh-¶n-tS-iz-c-s‚ "{In-an\¬ ss{S-_v-kv B-Œv' F-∂ \m-SIw k-_mƒ-t´¨ s - ^-Ãn-he - n-s‚ H-Ø H-cp ap-J-hp-c-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]m¿-∞m sk≥ Kp-]v-X-bp-sS "`qan-]p-{X' F-∂ A-kw t^m-t´m {]Z¿-i-\w, h-\n-Xm kw-hn-[m-b-I-cpsS ^n-enw s^-Ãn-h¬ F-∂n-hbpw km-‰-sse-‰v t{]m-{Km-ap-I-fmbn tIm-gn-t°m-Sv \-K-c-Øn¬ A-ctß-dn.

Xp-d-∂ kw-hm-Z-ß-fp-sS-bpw B-hn-jv-Im-c-ß-fp-sS-bpw B c-≠v cm-∏-I-ep-I-sf A-S-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øm\m-Wv 2019 \-hw-_¿ e-°w ]mTt`-Z-Øn-s‚ ap-gp-h≥ t]-Pp-I-fpw am-‰n-sh-®-Xv. s^-U-d¬ C-¥y A`n-ap-Jo-I-c-W-߃: Im-iv-ao-cpw t\m¿-Øv Cu-Ãpw, \n-e-]m-Sp-Itfm-Sp-≈ h¿-Ø-am-\-߃, c-≠v {]-f-b-߃-°v ti-jw tI-c-f-Ønse ]m-cn-ÿn-Xn-I sh-√p-hn-fn-Iƒ, k-_mƒ-t´¨ Sp sa-bn≥ kv-{Sow Xp-S-ßn-b sk-an-\m-dp-Iƒ, H-∏w ssh-Ip-t∂-c-ß-fnse A-h-K-Wn°m-\m-hm-Ø {]-`m-j-W ]-c-º-cIƒ. D-Æn-Ir-jv-W≥ ]m-°-\m-cpsS ap-f] - m-Spw {]-`m-Xw, Xn-_Ø - ≥ kmw-kvI - m-cn-I kw-LØ - n-s‚ kwKo-X-hpw Nn-{X-sa-gp-Øpw, Im-iv-aocn dm-∏v kw-Ko-X-⁄≥ ap-kmw `´n-s‚ dm-∏v ^yq-j≥ ayq-kn-Iv, tUm-Œ¿ tIm-bb - pw kw-Lh - pw Ah-X-cn-∏n-® am-∏n-f-I-e, tc-h-Xn-bpsS B-flm-hn-jI -v m-ca - m-b sh-ss≈

sam-gn, X-an-gv-\m-Sv I-sse-bm-I-Øns‚ ]-d-bv aq-fm-°w \n-an¿-hv... ]pkv-X-I {]-Im-i-\-߃, {]-Z¿-i-\߃... A-ß-s\ G-sd {]-Xo-£Iƒ ]-I¿-∂m-Wv aq-fm-°w k-am]n-®-Xv. A-Xn-te-sd ]p-fI - t- Øm-sS-bmWv ]n-∂o-Sv h-∂ ]mT-t`-Z-Øn-s‚ te-Hu-´v \-SØ - n-bX - v. I-≠X - pw tI´-Xpw A-\p-`h - n-®X - p-sa-√mw sh-≈Øm-fp-I-fn¬ \n-d-bv-°p-tºmƒ, H∂n-\p-]n-d-sI H-∂m-bn tN¿-Øpsh-°p-tºm-gp-≈ {Xn¬ ]-d-™-dnbn-°m-\m-hn-√.

Hm-tcm k-aq-l-hpw ]-c-kv-]-cw Im-Wp-I-bpw tIƒ-°p-I-bpw sNøm-sX sh-tΔ-sd C-S-ß-fn¬ X-Sh-d-I-fn¬ F-∂-t]m-se I-gn-bptºmƒ A-h-sc H-cn-S-Øv aq-fm-°tØm-sS H-Øp tN¿-°m≥ I-gn™-Xv \n- m-c-Im-cy-a-√. H-cp kaq-ls - a-∂ \n-eb - n¬, P-\m-[n-]X - y cm-{„w F-∂ \n-e-bn-epw \-Ωƒ t\-cn-Sp-∂ {]-i\ v- ß - s - f tI-{μ Bi-b-am-bn \n¿-Øm≥ I-gn-™-XmWv aq-fm-°w X-tº-dn¬ sIm-´n-°b-dn-b-t∏mƒ km-[y-am-b B sh{Sn Hm-ssi.

Cu hn-P-b-Øn-\v Xp-S¿-® A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]-t£ Io-gvta¬ a-dn-™ H-cp Im-ew h-√m-Ø H-c-¥m-fn-∏n-s‚ Nq-cm-Wv ]n-∂o-Sv hym-]n-∏n-®-Xv. H-cp aq-fm-°-Øn-s\¶n-epw I-Æpw Im-Xpw \-´n-cn-°m≥ I-gn-™-Xpw A-Xn-s‚ en-Jn-X {]am-Wa - m-bn ]mT-t`-Zw C-dß - n-bX - pw C-t∏mƒ Hm¿-°p-tºmƒ sN-dn-b Imcy-a-√.

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

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Patabhedam Monthly November 2020 Vol.9 Issue No.11 RNI No.: KERMAL/2013/53535 Postal Registered No.: KL/CT/228/2019-2021 Date of Publication: 10th November 2020