പാഠഭേദം മാസിക നവംബർ 2020

ta-b-sd t\-cn-´v sX-c-s™-Sp-Øm-tem? sF-k-Iv B‚-Wn

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≠≥, \yq-tbm¿-°v,]m-cn-kv, tSm-°n-tbm, dn-tbm, jm-Mv-lm-bv,_yq-W-kv A-tb-gv-kv... C¥y-bn¬ X-s∂ I¬-°-Ø, lu-d, apw-ss_, \m-K-∏q¿... Cu \-K-c-ß-fp-sS-sb-√mw t]tcm¿-°p-tºmƒ A-hn-S-ß-fn-se ta-b¿-am-tc-bpw \m-tam¿-°p-∂p. C-hn-S-ß-fn-se-√m-ap-≈-Xv ]u-c-∑m-cn¬ \n-∂v t\-cn-´v sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´ ta-b¿-am-cm-Wv. t\-Xm-Pn kp-`m-jv N-{μt_m-kv A-ß-s\ H-cn-°¬ ]-g-b I-¬°-Ø-bn-se sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´ ta-b-dm-bn-cp-∂n´p≠v. ta-b¿-am-sc/X-t±-i kz-bw `-c-Wm-[y-£-∑m-sc t\-cn-´v sX-c-s™-Sp°p-I F-∂ B-i-bw ]-co-£n-°m≥ {i-an-®n-´p-≈ kw-ÿm-\-ß-fpw \ap-°p-≠v: a-[y-{]-tZ-iv, D-Ø-c {]-tZ-iv, cm-P-ÿm≥, X-an-gv-\m-Sv, ln-amN¬ {]-tZ-iv, D-Ø¿-J-fiv, Pm¿-J-fiv, O-Øo-kv-L-´v.... 2016¬ i-in X-cq¿ ta-b¿-am-sc t\-cn-´v sX-c-sØ-Sp-°-W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂ H-cp kzIm-cy _n¬ ]m¿-e-sa‚n¬ A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-I t]m-ep-ap-≠m-bn. \-K-c-k`m-[y-£-∑m-sc t\-cn-´v sX-c-s™-Sp-°-W-sa-∂ B-h-iy-sØ cm-lpKm-‘n ]n-¥m-ßp-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. F-∂n-´pw, tIm¿-∏-td-j≥/-ap-\n-kn∏m-en-‰n/]-©m-b-Øp-I-fn-te-°v sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v \-S-°m-\n-cn-s° \-ΩpsS \m-´n-epw Cu B-i-bw N¿-®-°m-bn D-b¿-∂p h-tc-≠-Xp-≠v.

1992 ¬ 74 Bw `-c-W-L-S-\m t`-Z-K-Xn-tbm-sS-bm-W-t√m X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS im-‡o-I-c-Ww, A-[n-Im-c hn-tI-{μo-I-cW-Øn-s‚ ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \mw Ku-c-h-am-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv. c-≠mw A-Uv-an-\n-kv-t{S-‰n-hv dn-t^mwkv I-Ωo-j≥ B {i-a-sØ ap-t∂m-´p sIm-≠p-t]m-Im≥ {i-an-°p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. F-∂n-´pw ]-©m-b-Øv {]-kn-U-≠v/ap-\n-kn-∏¬ sN-b¿-am≥/tIm¿-∏-td-j≥ ta-b¿ ÿm-\-߃ Ct∏m-gpw hy-‡n-Xz-ap-≈, Xo-cp-am-\-ß-sf-Sp-°m-\pw \-S-∏m-°m-\pw kzm-[n-Im-c-ap-≈ H-∂m-bn am-dn-bn-´n-√. `-cn-°p-∂ cm-„o-b I-£n-bp-sS, `q-cn-]-£w h-cp-∂ Iu¨-kn-e¿-am-cp-sS, B-Xy¥n-I-am-bn F-Iv-kn-Iyp-´n-hv Hm-^o-k-dp-sS (sk-{I-´-dn/I-Ωo-j-W¿ )A-Sn-sbm-∏v Im-Øp InS-°-Ww \-Ωp-sS X-t±-i kz-bw `-c-Wm-[y-£-∑m¿. k-l-{]-h¿-Ø-I-cm-b Iu¨-kn-e¿-amtcm-Spw ap-I-fn-ep-≈ ]m¿´n-tbm-Spa-√m-sX B-cp-am-bpw hn-\n-a-bw \-S-Øm≥ A-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏Sp-∂n-√-h¿. H-cp \-K-c-sØ H-cp-an-®v I-≠v \-K-c ]n-Xm-sh-∂ \n-e-bn¬ A-Sp-Ø A-©p h¿j-tØ-s°-¶n-epw B-kq-{X-W-Øn-s‚ _v-fp{]n‚ v X-bm-dm-°m≥ tI-h-e F-Iv-kn-Iyp-´n-hv A-[n-Im-cw t]m-ep-an-√m-Ø A-[y-£-\m-hn-√-t√m. sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´, F-Iv-kn-Iyp-´n-hv A-[n-Im-c-ap-≈ ta-b¿-°v \-K-cm-kq-{X-W-hpw hnI-k-\-hpw k-a-{K-am-bn I-≠v \-K-c-k-`-°-I-Øpw ]p-d-Øp-ap-≈ cm-„o-b-I-£n-I-fn¬/P-\Io-b kw-L-ß-fn¬ s]-´-h-tc-bpw kn-hn¬ k-aq-l-Øn-se {i-≤n-°-s∏-tS-≠ hy-‡n-I-sfbpw G-tIm-]n-∏n-°m≥ I-gn-bpw. A-ß-s\ I-gn-bp-∂-Xp sIm-≠m-Wv 2001 se `o-I-cm-{I-a-WØn-\p ti-j-ap-≈ \yq-tbm¿-°v ta-b-sd, H-fn-ºn-Iv-kn-\p th-≠n \-K-c-sØ H-cp-°n-b tSm°n-tbm ta-b-sd, \-K-c-sØ kv-am¿-sS-Ãv kn-‰n-bm-°n-b _m¿-kn-tem-W ta-b-sd, B-Zy-sØ dm-]n-Uv {Sm≥-kv-t]m¿-Sv kn-Ãw hn-`m-h-\ sN-bv Ip-cp-Sn-_ ({_-ko¬) ta-b-sd-sb-√mw temIw Hm¿-°p-∂-Xv. H-cp \-K-cw A-Xn-s‚ ta-b-dp-sS `-c-W \n-]p-W-X-sIm-≠pw A-t±-lw G-tIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂ P-\-Io-ssb-Iy hn-th-Iw sIm-≠pw A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv H-∂m-tem-Nn-®p t\m-°p. I-£n-cm-{„ob t\-XrXzØn-s‚, Ãm‚n-Mv I-Ωn-‰n-I-fp-sS k-Ω¿-±-Øn-\p ap-I-fn-ep-≈ _yq-tdm-{Im-‰n-Iv kp-{Ko-hm⁄-°v h-g-ßn\n¬-°p-∂ H-cp ]m-h-Øm-\n¬ \n-s∂-t∏m-gm-Wv \-Ωp-sS X-t±-i kz-bw-`-c-W t\-Xr-Xzw tam-Nn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I? F-t∏m-gm-Wv \-ap-°v \-Ωp-sS kz-¥w ta-b-sd t\cn´v D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Ø-tØm-sS sX-c-s™-Sp-°m-\m-hp-I?

\hw_¿ 2020

]mT-t`-Zw

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