474
CLIL Unità di Apprendimento 1 The eatwell plate
We should eat at least five portions a day of fruit and vegetables, because they contain vitamins and minerals which are important to keep our body and mind healthy, and fibre, which aids digestion and makes us feel fuller so we eat less. We should also eat a lot of potatoes, bread, rice, pasta and other starchy foods because they contain carbohydrates, which give us energy, but also fibre, calcium and vitamin B. We need to eat some milk and dairy foods because things like cheese and yogurt provide good sources of protein, which our bodies need for growth and repair, and even higher levels of calcium, vital for strong bones. We should also eat some meat, fish, eggs and beans as they are full of protein, vitamins and minerals. Red meats, like beef and lamb, contain iron and vitamin B12 but they are high in saturated fats. So it is important to eat lower-fat white meats like turkey and chicken. Fish is a good alternative protein as it is low-fat and contains fatty acids. We should not eat too much food like cakes, biscuits or chocolate, which is high in fat or sugar, and we should have water instead of fizzy and sugary drinks. Finally we should use fresh fruits as much as possibile. Last but not least, we should avoid too much fast food.
Unità di Apprendimento 2 Food preservation Physical food preservation methods tend to affect food by changing its temperature or water content. They include the natural process of air drying things like herbs, or sun drying fruit or stockfish, spray drying, using a hot gas to reduce products like milk or eggs to powder, or freeze drying food quickly at very low-temperatures to preserve it, resulting in lightweight products like freeze-dried ice cream or instant coffee, not to mention food for astronauts and athletes. Microfiltration, pasteurisation and sterilising are different preservation methods. Chemical preservation methods include both natural and artificial substances. Natural additives used to preserve food are sugar, salt, vinegar and alcohol, while artificial additives are preservatives, antioxidants and antimicrobial substances, although in general these last ones may be toxic if too much is used. Salt curing can be dry as for hams and sausages; sugar curing works in a similar way. Marinating consists of immersing the product in an acidic substance like vinegar, lemon juice or wine, sometimes mixed with oil and spices. Alcohol can also be used to preserve fruits like cherries, apricots and plums, with the addition of sugar.
1 Answer the questions. 1 2 3 4
Why is it important to eat a lot of fruit and vegetables? Can you list some seasonal fruit and vegetables for each season? Why is it important to eat potaoes, bread, rice and pasta? What should we eat if we need calcium?
2 Decide if these are natural (N) or artificial (A) additives. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Alcohol Antimicrobial substances Antioxidants Preservatives Salt Sugar Vinegar
.................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. ..................
