Globalization And The Challenges of Public Administration

Page 95

86

H.A. KHAN

and procedures, both formal and informal” (Reichers and Schneider 1990, p. 49). The ethical climate is one of major elements of organizational climate. Victor and Cullen (1988, p. 101), view that “the prevailing perceptions of typical organizational practices and procedures that have ethical content” and “those aspects of work climate that determine what constitutes ethical behavior at work.” Organizational “ethical climate is a normative construct of shared behaviors guided by policies, procedures, and systems in an organization that direct organizational member’s ethical actions and decisions” (Agarwal and Malloy 1999, p. 54). These behaviors are observable and influence organizational members in decision-making processes and the involvement in misconduct (Vardi 2001). When an organizational member is faced with an ethical issue and examines what the expectation is, ethical climate provides a basis for the perception of acceptable and ethical behavior (Fritsche 2000, p. 15). Leadership can create a culture of fairness, equality, tolerance of opposition, and impartiality. Leadership can create a climate of cooperation, friendliness, and reward of performance. Rewards based on fairness and performance can enhance the morale and productivity in the organizations.

Public Goods and Leadership Leaders in a globalized world are responsible for providing public goods that will benefit humanity. “A public good is one in which the consumption of it by an individual or any entity is not subtracted from the consumption of others. The interdependence and integration of the world economy accentuate the fact that providing and maintaining global public goods are an important foundation for a responsible global leadership” (Ali 2006, p. 2). The important question is to provide sustainable public goods. In an age of globalization, providing public goods involves social equality, political stability, and environmental sustainability. The success of the leadership will depend on the solutions to these problems.

Leadership Training Leadership training has become crucial for dealing with the complex problems of the society. Public sector leaders remain in office for a long time after they receive their college degrees. With a fast-moving world, by the time they become senior officers, the education background becomes irrelevant to the changes of the time (Barker 1997). Therefore, it is necessary for the leaders to be knowledgeable of the current situation. Leadership


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Articles inside

Index

12min
pages 207-216

Appendix

2min
pages 203-206

8 Conclusion

1min
pages 201-202

References

11min
pages 193-200

Equity and Environmental Justice

4min
pages 185-186

Public Procurement

1min
page 189

International Trade and Sustainability

1min
page 184

International Collaboration

1min
page 183

Ideological Divide

3min
pages 181-182

Cooperation Between the Public and Private Sectors

1min
page 179

Institutional Capacity

1min
page 178

What Is Sustainability?

1min
page 171

The Evolution of Environment Policy

6min
pages 172-174

7 Globalization and Sustainability

3min
pages 169-170

Developing the Mission on Sustainability

1min
page 177

Consequences of Climate Change

1min
page 175

Planning and Policy-Making

1min
page 176

References

7min
pages 164-168

Dependent Variable = E-Governance

1min
page 162

Training and Learning

1min
page 160

E-Governance and Trust

1min
page 159

The Challenges of Local Government

1min
page 157

The Reduction of Corruption

1min
page 158

Social Media

1min
page 156

Must Be Citizen Centered

2min
page 155

Human Connections

1min
page 154

Security

1min
page 152

Flexi-Time/Flexi-Place

1min
page 150

Participation and E-Democracy

5min
pages 147-149

Transparency and Accountability

2min
page 146

6 The Challenges of E-Governance in Public Administration

3min
pages 143-144

References

8min
pages 137-142

Improvement in Efficiency

1min
page 145

Justice

1min
page 130

Fairness

2min
page 129

Ethical Decision-Making

1min
page 126

Organizational Politics and Ethics

1min
page 125

Privatization Movement and Ethics

3min
pages 119-120

Moral/Ethical Leadership

4min
pages 122-123

Challenges of Maintaining Privacy

2min
page 124

Ethics in Contracting

1min
page 118

Globalization and Corruption

3min
pages 116-117

Ethics for Good Governance

1min
page 115

5 Ethics and Accountability and the Challenges

3min
pages 109-110

References

14min
pages 100-108

Crisis Leadership

6min
pages 96-99

Organizational Culture and Leadership

1min
page 93

Partnership, Collaboration, and Leadership

1min
page 95

Moral and Ethical Leadership

1min
page 92

Transformational Leadership

2min
pages 90-91

Cultural Competence and Leadership

4min
pages 87-89

What Kinds of Leadership Skills?

3min
pages 84-85

References

13min
pages 69-76

4 Globalization and Leadership Challenges

2min
pages 77-78

Leadership Theories

6min
pages 79-81

Spreadable Diseases

2min
page 67

Strategic Planning and Human Resource Management

1min
page 61

Diversity

3min
pages 64-65

The Challenge of Cultural Competence

3min
pages 62-63

Challenges of Participation

1min
page 60

Motivation

2min
page 54

Implement a Change Culture

4min
pages 57-58

Technology and Training

3min
pages 55-56

Productivity/Performance

3min
pages 52-53

Decentralization

1min
page 51

Compensation

3min
pages 47-48

Public Service Ethics

2min
page 49

Demand for Accountability

1min
page 46

Loss of Prestige in Government Employment

3min
pages 43-44

Loss of the Tenure System

2min
page 45

The Challenges of Recruitment

1min
page 42

References

9min
pages 35-40

Capacity Building and Challenges

1min
page 34

Public Enterprises

1min
page 31

The Rise of Civil Society

1min
page 21

Globalization of Demands

2min
page 17

Globalization

1min
page 16

Innovation

1min
page 19

Openness and Transparency

1min
page 18
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