Shodhadarsh

Page 77

'kksËkkn'kZ (lanfHkZr ,oa lehf{kr 'kksËk vkys[kksa dh =Sekfld if=dk)

o"kZ % 4 vad % 2 ekpZ & ebZ] 2022

fganh x+ty + ds /kkjnkj rsoj % jkekorkj R;kxh

RNI- UPHIN/2018/77444

ISSN 2582-1288

jke ukxj foy{k.k us rks laLd`r esa x+t+y dh jpuk dh Fkh tks cukjl ls rjafx.kh if=dk esa lu 1916 bZ- esa Ádkf'kr gqbZ FkhA ;g le; og Fkk tc 700 o"kZ vjch vkSj Qkjlh Hkk"kkvksa ds 'kkldh; dk;Z dh Hkk"kk cus jgus ds LFkku ij vaxzst+h Hkk"kk vf/kdkj dj pqdh Fkh vkSj tulkekU; dh Hkk"kk esa vusd Hkk"kkvksa ds 'kCn lfEefyr gks pqds Fks blh ds lkFk Qkjlh vkSj vjch cgqy 'kCnkoyh dks fy[kus ds fy, fodflr gqbZ Qkjlh fyfi ds vk/kkj ij fodflr ys[ku O;oLFkk dks mnwZ fyfi Lohdkj fd;k x;k vkSj laLd`r vkfn Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dh 'kCnkoyh ;qDr fganh dh fyfi nsoukxjh Lohdkj dh xbZA bl Ádkj fganh dks nsoukxjh vkSj mnwZ uke ls nks fyfi;ka ÁkIr gks xbZ A blh nkSj ds jpukdkjksa dk mYys[k ≈ij fd;k x;k gSA egkeuk enu eksgu ekyoh; n~okjk LFkkfir fganh lkfgR; lEesyu ds lkFk gh lkfgR; esa t;'kadj Álkn] lw;Zdkar f=ikBh ^fujkyk*] egknsoh oekZ vkSj lqfe=kuanu iar ds lkFk gh fganh vius u, mRd"kZ dh vksj pyh tk jgh FkhA dfo lEesyu ds eapksa ij xksiky flag ^usikyh*] gfjoa'kjk; cPpu] xhrdkj HkkjrHkw"k.k vxzoky] nq";ar dqekj R;kxh vkSj jkekorkj R;kxh tSls Js"B xhrdkj vius&vius Ádkj ls fganh dks yksdfÁ; cuk jgs FksA jkekorkj ds ckn dh dM+h esa vn~Hkqr xhrdkj fd'ku ljkst ds vkxeu ls ukjh ds lEeku dh j{kk djrs gq, Áse xhr ds {ks= esa ,d ubZ ygj iSnk gqbZA jkekorkj R;kxh mUgha nq[kksa dks xhrksa esa xk jgs Fks] ftUgsa 'kjrpaÊ pÍksik/;k; us vius miU;klksa esa vafdr fd;k FkkA vkxs pydj fd'ku ljkst us Hkh L=h ds lEeku dks cgqr ≈ij mBk;kA bu lHkh jpukdkjksa dk ,d gh mn~n's ; jgk jktuhfrd Hkz"Vkpkj dh tM+kas ij pksV djuk vkSj ËkeZ psruk rFkk lkekftd cks/k dk mUu;u djrs gq, uSfrdrk dks fodflr djukA blh nkSj esa ns'k Lok/khu gks x;k] dfork Hkh Nan ls eqDr gksdj vdfork] ubZ dfork vkfn vusd jax :iksa esa fc[kjrh pyh xbZA ckr jkekorkj R;kxh dh gS tks Nkanfld jpuk ds l'kDr Ágjh FksA mUgksaus yksdra= esa ≈ij ds Hkz"Vkpkj vkSj uhps ds O;fDr ij gks jgs vR;kpkj tSlh lHkh folaxfr;ksa ds fo#n~/k vius vkÿks'k dks vius xhrksa vkSj x+t+yksa esa fuHkhZdrk ls O;Dr fd;kA og ml lekt dh ihM+k ds xk;d Fks ftlds thou vkSj ej.k dks mUgksaus Lo;a ft;k FkkA ;g Hkh la;ksx gh Fkk fd esjs fd'kksj eu dks Nwus okyh dfork Hkh jkekorkj R;kxh dh gh FkhA lu~ 1960 ds n'kd esa fgan ikWdsV cqDl n~okjk Ádkf'kr vkSj Ádk'k iafMr ds laiknu esa fudys jpuk laxzgksa esa ,d jpuk eSaus i<+h Fkh] ftldk va'k eq>s ;kn jgk& ^galrh lka> tgka mrjhA@,slk dksbZ n~okj crk nks@ eq>dks ml lkSHkkX;oku ds@ de ls de n'kZu djok nks* jpuk eu ij Ni x;h] jpukdkj dk uke ;kn ugha jgk] jpuk Hkqyk;s ls u HkwyhA Áfln~/k gkL; dfo MkW- eD[ku eqjknkcknh th ls gks jgh ,d ppkZ esa vHkh jkekorkj R;kxh dk uke vk;kA dfo 'ksjtax xxZ n~okjk laikfnr R;kxh th dh jpukvksa dk ladyu eD[ku th ls ysdj i<+kA ogh iafDr;ka fQj i<+ha] mudk O;fDrRo >qylrs gq, lekt O;Fkk dk Árhd vkSj mudk jpuk lalkj ihM+k dk xk;d Fkk] tSlk mUgksaus ft;k oSlk gh fy[kk] mudh jpuk,a i<+dj eu dks lq[k feyk lkFk gh dqN Á'u Hkh mBsA jkekorkj R;kxh dks Lej.k djrs gq, muds dfo :i dh ppkZ rks gksxh gh] eqjknkckn dh fuHkhZd dfo ijaijk ds bl vewY; jRu dh ppkZ fo'kqn~/k fganh x+t+y ds jpukdkj ds :i esa Hkh gksuh pkfg,A KkrO; gS fd cgqr le; rd eqjknkckn esa jgus okys dfo nq";ar dqekj R;kxh Hkh eqjknkckn dh rRdkyhu rglhy pankSlh ds ,l,e fMxzh dkWyst ds Nk= Fks vkSj

lkaLd`frd lw;Z dh fdj.kksa dk ÁkjafHkd Ádk'k tgka&tgka QSyk Fkk mu LFkkuksa esa eqjknkckn Hkh 'kkfey gSA LokfHkeku] L=h dk lEeku] uSfrdrk vkSj jk"V™okn tSls egŸoiw.kZ ?kVd ;gka dh feÍh esa Hkh vadqfjr vkSj iYyfor gq, gSa] ftlesa olq/kSo dqVqacde dk lkSjHk lapfjr gqvkA oSfnd lafgrk esa Ωf"kdk okxkEHk`.kh us jk"V™ fuekZ.k dh psruk dk mn~?kks"k fd;k Fkk] ogh Hkkjr dk lkaLd`frd vk/kkj gSA laLd`fr esa lkfŸod dyk cks/k vk/kkjHkwr rŸo dk dk;Z djrk gSA jkekorkj R;kxh blh ds lk/kd FksA dfo] miU;kldkj] O;oLFkkid] Á'kkld] O;aX;dkj vkSj i=dkj lHkh :iksa esa mUgksaus vdyad ;'k dhfrZ ikbZ FkhA eqjknkckn dh rRdkyhu rglhy orZeku ftyk lEHky ds dqjdkoyh xkao esa lu 1925 bZLoh esa tUes jkekorkj R;kxh ds igys Hkh bl {ks= esa lkaLd`frd eankfduh dh ,d vtlz /kkjk Áokfgr gks jgh FkhA Ákphu ikapky dHkh Kku foKku dk dsaÊ FkkA egkHkkjr dh dFkk dk rks dsaÊ gh ikapkyh gSA eqxy dky ls ;g {ks= ,d ckj fQj fon~okuksa ds dsaÊ ds :i esa lkeus vkrk gSA lu 1700 ds ckn eqjknkckn ds jktk uoy jk; oQ+k us vius lkaLd`frd xkSjo dks bl Ádkj O;Dr fd;k gS& gqLus vey is vius u Hkwy bl d+nj fd 'ks[k oka (ogka) ds eqvkeys dh fdlh dks [+kcj ughaA jktuhfrd lŸkk] oSpkfjd fodkl dks ÁHkkfor djrh gS ijarq HkkSfrd :i ls ckj&ckj mtM+us ij Hkh Hkkjr ds HkkoukRed Hkko dks rksM+k tkuk dHkh blfy, laHko ugha gqvkA bl lkaLd`frd f{kfrt ls >jrk Ádk'k fujarj Hkkjrh; tuekul dh rst+fLork dks cuk, jgkA bfrgkl crkrk gS fd vkuaneB ds jpukdkj cafde paÊ pV~Vksik/;k; ds miU;kl gksa ;k 'kjr paÊ pÍksik/;k; dk dFkk lkfgR; nksuksa esa dgha Hkh u rks ukjh ds lEeku vkSj mldh xfjek ij jap ek= Hkh vkap vkbZ gS vkSj u gh jk"V™ dh laLd`fr dh vkHkk ean iM+h gSA 'kjn ckcw ds laiw.kZ lkfgR; esa ijk/khu Hkkjr dh v[kafMr lnkpkj okyh ukfj;ksa ds ifjfLFkfrtU; nSU; dk fp=.k fd;k x;k gSA jkekorkj R;kxh us jkt lŸkk ls misf{kr vkSj /kS;Zoku ukxfjdksa dh ljyrk ,oa lRlkgl dk viuh x+ty + esa fp=.k fd;k gS] ;n~;fi R;kxh th ds xhrksa esa yksd thou ds nq[kksa dk ÁHkko feyrk gS fQj Hkh mudh x+t+ysa vius vki esa fo'ks"k Hkkoksa dks ÁLrqr djrh gSaA ;gka eSa eqjknkckn ds fiNys 200 o"kks± esa gq, lkfgR;dkjksa dk ukeksYys[k djuk pkgwaxk ftUgksaus lkaxhr fo/kk ds ek/;e ls viuh laLd`fr ds mnkŸk Hkko vkSj vnE; lkgl dks dHkh gYdk ugha gksus fn;kA ftyk eqjknkckn ds gh ykyk 'khry nkl] iafMr ckyeqdqan 'kekZ vkSj jktk fd'ku dqekj odkj tSls jpukdkjksa us eqfLye 'kklu dky esa Hkh viuh Hkkouk,a bl Ádkj O;Dr dh gS] jktk fd'ku dqekj dk ,d 'ksj gS& p'es&ognr ls cqrdns esa Hkh eq>dks gj cqr [kqnk ut+j vk;kA eqjknkckn uxj ds ykyk 'kkfyxzke oS'; vkSj fon~;kokfjf/k iafMr Tokyk Álkn feJ ljh[ks jpukdkj vk/;kfRed Álaxksa n~okjk jk"V™h; vkSj ËkeZ vk/kkfjr lkekftd psruk ds Álkj esa ;ksxnku ns jgs FksA iafMr Tokyk 76


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fjiksVZ& ihM+k ds vej xk;d Fks jkekorkj R;kxh@fjiksVZ&MkW- eukst jLrksxh

8min
pages 84-86

Hkkjrh; jk"V™okn % fparu ,oa ijEijk@MkW- fnus'k dqekj xqIrk

7min
pages 82-83

dHkh Mjs ugha] dHkh >qds ugha % jke/kkjh flag ^fnudj*@veu dqekj R;kxh

10min
pages 80-81

26- fganh x+t+y ds /kkjnkj rsoj % jkekorkj R;kxh@MkW- vt; vuqie

13min
pages 77-79

25- nnZ Hkjsa xhrksa dk xk;d] dfo ,oa xhrdkj % jkekorkj R;kxh@vkpk;Z lanhi dqekj R;kxh ^nhi

4min
page 76

23- Ásj.kk lzksr gSa egkdfo jkekorkj R;kxh@ MkW- v#.k dqekj R;kxh

5min
page 74

22- [kM+h gSa ogka QSyk, gq, gj vksj pV~Vkusa@R;kxh v'kksdk d`".ke

9min
pages 72-73

21- jkekorkj R;kxh ds xhr % lkekftd ifjis{k@ MkW- eatq #Lrxh

13min
pages 69-71

24- xhr dk mRrqax f'k[kj % jkekorkj R;kxh@MkW- Mh-,u 'kekZ

5min
page 75

20- laosnukvksa ls ;qDr xhrksa dh nqfu;k@MkW- e`nqyk R;kxh

5min
page 68

19- lkfRod fojks/kkHkkl dh oSfnd tuJqfr & Jh jkekorkj R;kxh@fot; Ádk'k Hkkjn~okt

5min
page 67

18- vkx vkSj ikuh ds xk;d % Jh jkekorkj R;kxh @MkW- 'kSytk lDlsuk

10min
pages 65-66

14- eu lefiZr ru lefiZr] vkSj ;g thou lefiZr@Lusgyrk

4min
page 56

15- fganh xhrksa ds vfHkKku jktdqekj ^^Jh jkekorkj R;kxh**@MkW- fujadkj flag R;kxh

10min
pages 57-58

12- xhr ls eSa vkneh dks [kkstrk gwa @ MkW- vfuy 'kekZ ^vfuy

8min
pages 51-52

13- eSa cgkjksa dk vdsyk oa'k/kj gwa @MkW- panu dqekjh

14min
pages 53-55

16- eka ljLorh ds ojn iq= % xhrdkj Jh jkekorkj R;kxh@ jf'e vxzoky

8min
pages 59-60

17- ^xhr cksyrs gSa* esa laosnuk vkSj xhrkRedrk@ MkW- MkWyh

19min
pages 61-64

11- Hkkjrh;rk ds uhydaB dfo jkekorkj R;kxh@vjfoUn t;fryd

4min
page 50

8- pkgrk gwa ns'k dh /kjrh] rq>s dqN vkSj Hkh nwa & jkekorkj R;kxh @MkW- xqjZdksaMk uhjtk

13min
pages 44-46

9- yksdfiz; fganh dfo ,oa xhrdkj jkekorkj R;kxh@MkW- lq'khy dqekj R;kxh ^vfer

9min
pages 47-48

7- xhrksa dk vkstLoh Loj % ;kuh jkekorkj R;kxh@fxjh'k iadt

14min
pages 41-43

10- rsjs nkeu esa crk ekSr ls T+;knk D;k gS\ @MkW- vjfoan dqekj flag

4min
page 49

6- dfo ,oa O;aX;dkj jkekorkj R;kxh@ds-,l- rwQ+ku

4min
page 40

5- jkekorkj R;kxh ,d dkyt;h xhrdkj@egsUnz ^v'd

5min
page 39

1- jkekorkj R;kxh dh dforkvksa esa n~oano vkSj thou n'kZu@Áks-(MkW-) fueZyk ,l- ekS;Z

18min
pages 28-31

3- d'rh dks rwQ+ku ls fudkyus dh vkLFkk dk xhrdkj@izks- vkuan dqekj R;kxh

30min
pages 33-38

5- yksdfiz; xhrdkj jkekorkj R;kxh@{ksepanz ^lqeu

35min
pages 15-21

10- jkekorkj R;kxh@MkW- lqjs'k xkSre] MkW- oh.kk xkSre

16min
pages 25-27

fo'ks"k laiknd izks- Ω"kHk nso 'kekZ dh d+ye ls

4min
page 6

4- jkekorkj R;kxh % ,d vrqyuh; dfo@ ckyLo:i jkgh

4min
page 14

1- jkekorkj R;kxh ,d ifjp;@veu dqekj ^R;kxh

8min
pages 10-11

8- dfooj jkekorkj R;kxh@'ksjtax xxZ

5min
page 23

vfrfFk laiknd MkW- dkjsUnznso R;kxh ^eD[ku eqjknkcknh* dh d+ye ls

3min
page 7

9- t+ehu ij [kM+k xhrdkj % jkekorkj R;kxh@jes'k xkSM

4min
page 24
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