'kksËkkn'kZ (lanfHkZr ,oa lehf{kr 'kksËk vkys[kksa dh =Sekfld if=dk)
o"kZ % 4 vad % 2 ekpZ & ebZ] 2022
RNI- UPHIN/2018/77444
ISSN 2582-1288
dHkh Mjs ugha] dHkh >qds ugha % jke/kkjh flag ^fnudj* veu dqekj jk"V™dfo jke/kkjh flag fnudj dk tUe 24 flracj 1908 dks fcgkj ds csxwljk; ftys ds flefj;k xkao esa gqvk FkkA mUgksaus iVuk fo'ofon~;ky; ls bfrgkl jktuhfr foKku esa ch, fd;k lkFk gh laLd`r] ckaXyk] vaxzst+h vkSj mnwZ dk xgu v/;;u fd;kA ch, ds ckn os ,d fon~;ky; esa v/;kid gks x,A 1934 ls 1947 rd fcgkj ljdkj dh lsok esa lc&jftLV™kj vkSj Ápkj foHkkx ds mifuns'kd jgsA 1950 ls 1952 rd eqt∂Qjiqj dkyst esa fganh ds foHkkxk/;{k vkSj Hkkxyiqj fo'ofon~;ky; ds midqyifr Hkh jgsA ckn esa Hkkjr ljdkj ds fganh lykgdkj Hkh cusA mUgsa in~efoHkw"k.k dh mikf/k ls Hkh vyad`r fd;k x;kA mudh iqLrd laLd`fr ds pkj vË;k;] ds fy, lkfgR; vdkneh iqjLdkj rFkk moZ'kh ds fy, Hkkjrh; KkuihB iqjLdkj Ánku fd;k x;kA fnudj dk tUe csxwljk; ds fy, blfy, Hkh vHkwriwoZ Fkk D;ksafd ;g fon~;kifr dh Hkh tUeLFkyh jgh gSA fnudj jkT;lHkk lnL; Hkh cusA bl nkSj esa mudk vf/kd le; fnYyh esa gh chrkA ijarq tc Hkh xkao igqaprs] rks gt+kjksa dh la[;k esa yksx muds ?kj vk tkrsA lc fnudj ls dfork lquuk pkgrs FksA 1947 esa ns'k LokËkhu gqvk vkSj og fcgkj fo'ofon~;ky; esa fganh ds Á/;kid o foHkkxk/;{k fu;qDr gksdj eqt∂Qjiqj igqapsA 1952 esa tc Hkkjr dh ÁFke laln dk fuekZ.k gqvk] rks mUgsa jkT;lHkk dk lnL; pquk x;k vkSj og fnYyh vk x,A fnudj 12 o"kZ rd laln&lnL; jgs] ckn esa mUgsa lu 1964 ls 1965 bZ- rd Hkkxyiqj fo'ofon~;ky; dk dqyifr fu;qDr fd;k x;kA ysfdu vxys gh o"kZ Hkkjr ljdkj us mUgsa 1965 ls 1971 bZ- rd viuk fganh lykgdkj fu;qDr fd;k vkSj og fQj fnYyh ykSV vk,A fQj rks Tokj mejk vkSj js.kqdk] gqadkj] jloarh vkSj n~oan~oxhr jps x,A vaxzst+h dky esa js.kqdk vkSj gqadkj dh dqN jpuk,a ;gka&ogka Ádk'k esa vkb± vkSj vaxzst Á'kkldksa dks le>rs nsj u yxh fd os ,d x+yr vkneh dks vius ra= dk vax cuk cSBs gSa vkSj fnudj dh Qkby rS;kj gksus yxh] ckr&ckr ij dSfQ+;r ryc gksrh vkSj psrkofu;ka feyk
djrhaA pkj o"kZ esa ckbZl ckj mudk rcknyk fd;k x;kA jke/kkjh flag fnudj LoHkko ls lkSE; vkSj e`nqHkk"kh Fks] ysfdu tc ckr ns'k ds fgr&vfgr dh vkrh Fkh rks og csckd fVIi.kh djus ls drjkrs ugha FksA jke/kkjh flag fnudj us ;s rhu iafDr;ka iafMr tokgjyky usg: ds f[+kykQ+ laln esa lqukbZ Fkha] ftlls ns'k esa Hkwpky ep x;k FkkA fnypLi ckr ;g gS fd jkT;lHkk lnL; ds rkSj ij fnudj dk pquko iafMr usg: us gh fd;k Fkk] blds ckotwn usg: dh uhfr;ksa dh eq[+kkyQ+r djus ls os ugha pwds& ns[kus esa nsork ln`'; yxrk gS can dejs esa cSBdj x+yr gqDe fy[krk gSA ftl ikih dks xq.k ugha xks= I;kjk gks le>ks mlh us gesa ekjk gSA 1962 esa phu ls gkj ds ckn laln esa fnudj us bl dfork dk ikB fd;k ftlls rRdkyhu Á/kkuea=h usg: dk flj >qd x;k FkkA ;g ?kVuk vkt Hkh Hkkjrh; jktuhfr ds bfrgkl dh pqfuank ÿkafrdkjh ?kVukvksa esa ls ,d gSA js jksd ;qf/kf"Bj dks u ;gka tkus ns mudks LoxZËkhj fQjk ns gesa xkaMho xnk ykSVk ns vtqZu Hkhe ohjA
blh Ádkj ,d ckj rks mUgksaus Hkjh jkT;lHkk esa usg: dh vksj b'kkjk djrs g, dgk& ^D;k vkius fganh dks jk"V™Hkk"kk blfy, cuk;k gS] rkfd lksyg djksM+ fganhHkkf"k;ksa dks jkst vi'kCn lquk, tk ldsa\* ;g lqudj usg: lfgr lHkk esa cSBs lHkh yksx lUu jg x, FksA fdLlk 20 twu 1962 dk gSA ml fnu fnudj jkT;lHkk esa [kM+s gq, vkSj fganh ds vieku dks ysdj cgqr l[r Loj esa cksyAs mUgksaus dgk&^ns'k esa tc Hkh fganh dks ysdj dksbZ ckr gksrh gS] rks ns'k ds usrkx.k gh ugha cfYd dfFkr cqn~f/kthoh Hkh fganh okyksa dks vi'kCn dgs fcuk vkxs ugha c<+rsA irk ugha bl ifjikVh dk vkjaHk fdlus fd;k gS] ysfdu esjk [+k;ky gS fd bl ifjikVh dks Ásj.kk Á/kkuea=h ls feyh gSA irk ugha] rsjg Hkk"kkvksa dh D;k fdLer gS fd Á/kkuea=h us muds ckjs esa dHkh dqN ugha dgk] fdarq fganh ds ckjs esa mUgksaus vkt rd dksbZ vPNh ckr ugha dghA eSa vkSj esjk ns'k iwNuk pkgrs gSa fd D;k vkius fganh dks jk"V™Hkk"kk blfy, cuk;k Fkk rkfd lksyg djksM+ fganhHkkf"k;ksa dks jkst vi'kCn lquk,a\ D;k 79
vkidks irk Hkh gS fd bldk nq"ifj.kke fdruk Hk;kog gksxk\* mudh ;g ckr lqudj iwjh lHkk lUu jg xbZ A BlkBl Hkjh lHkk es a Hkh xgjk lUukVk Nk x;kA ;g eqnkZ&pqIih rksM+rs gq, fnudj us fQj dgk& ^eSa bl lHkk vkSj [+kkldj Á/kkuea=h usg: ls dguk pkgrk gwa fd fganh dh fuank djuk can fd;k tk,A fganh dh fuank ls bl ns'k dh vkRek dks xgjh pksV igqaprh gSA* jke/kkjh flag fnudj ds fy[ks dbZ dkO;] xzaFk vkSj jpuk,a bruh Áfln~/k gqbZ dh ns'kHkj esa cPps ls ysdj cw<s+ rd viuh cksypky dh Hkk"kk esa Hkh fnudj dh dfork,a vkSj nksgs nksgjk;k djrs gSaA fganh dh dfork,a vkSj xzaFkksa dks fy[kdj jke/kkjh flag fnudj us fcgkj ds NksVs ls xkao flefj;k ls jkT;lHkk lnL; vkSj jk"V™dfo rd dh mikf/k vftZr dhA jk"V™dfo fnudj tc iwjh y; esa Fks] ml le; ds nkSj dks Hkkjrh; bfrgkl esa fganh lkfgR; dk Lof.kZe ;qx Hkh dgk tkrk gSA fganh Hkk"kk ds tfj, jk"V™dfo jkeËkkjh flag fnudj dks tks miyfCËk;ka feyh] mlds cnys mUgksaus ns'k esa fganh ds fodkl ds fy, v?kksf"kr eqfge NsM+ j[kh FkhA fnudj dks vkn'kZ ekudj dbZ dfo vkSj lkfgR;dkj vkxs vk,A ,slk ugha Fkk fd mUgsa nwljh Hkk"kk,a ugha vkrh FkhA mUgsa ckaXyk] mfM+;k] Hkkstiqjh vkSj vaxzst+h esa [kklh egkjr gkfly FkhA ckotwn blds mUgksaus fganh dks gh vkRelkr fd;kA fganh ys[ku ds tfj, gh vius loksZPp dks ÁkIr fd;kA fuf'pr :i ls jke/kkjh flag fnudj dk Hkkjr esa fganh lkfgR; ds {ks= esa fd;k x;k ;ksxnku vn~forh; vkSj vrqyuh; gSA mudh Áokge;h vkSj vkstfLouh dfork dk fganh lkfgR; esa fof'k"V LFkku gSA fnudj mu FkksM+s dfo;ksa esa gSa] ftudh dfork,a vkt Hkh yksxksa dh tqcku ij vk tkrh gSaA 1962 esa Hkkxyiqj fofo us mUgsa MhfyV dh ekun mikfËk nh FkhA ^laLd`fr ds pkj v/;k;* ij 1960 esa mUgsa lkfgR; vdkneh iqjLdkj feyk FkkA 1973
