SEGURIDAD INTERNACIONAL
PÁGINA 36
SECURITY DILEMMA:
UNITED STATES – UKRAINE – RUSSIA POR: MÓNICA ÁLVAREZ CUEVAS ESTUDIANTE DE LA LICENCIATURA EN RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES POR PARTE DE LA UNIVERSIDAD ANÁHUAC MÉXICO EN 8° SEMESTRE. CORREO: MONICA99ALVAREZ@GMAIL.COM
Abstract: The Ukrainian-Russian crisis has become the most latent international event of 2022, with a rapid escalation in the tension of relations between the main international actors involved such as Russia, Ukraine, the United States, and the European Union. However, it must be taken into account that the crisis has been manifesting itself since March 2021 as Russian troops mobilizations have occurred on the Russian-Ukrainian border. In order to have a complete picture of the causes of the present conflict, antecedents for decades must be mentioned, such as the creation of NATO, the waves of expansion of this organization, and the annexation of the Crimean peninsula, the actions of international actors in this month, such as state visits, press conferences and symbolism, hoping that it will be complete enough to try to understand an international crisis and how it would impact the international and national security of each of the actors in a globalized and interdependent world.
INSTAGRAM: @MONICA_ALCU
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO onwards) is an intergovernmental military alliance formed on April 4, 1949, which aims to be a collective defense system for the countries that are part of the treaty (Government of Spain, 2015). The main clause of said organization is to comply with article 5, which stipulates that an attack against one of the allies will be considered an attack against all the allies. Having the knowledge of the year of creation, emphasis can be placed on the international scene of that time, the Cold War, an ideological conflict between the West, led by the United States, and the East, led by the former USSR.
The Warsaw Pact, being NATO's counterpart in the USSR block, was created on May 14, 1955, however, with the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the USSR in 1991, the Pact was dissolved (Sadurní, 2021). Despite this, NATO remained one of the most important international defense organizations, as its main objective remains the protection of allies, regardless of Key words: Crisis, Ukraine, Russia, European Union, NATO, the threat. France, Nord Stream 2, Pipelines, Biden, Putin, Macron. NATO, having the 12 original member countries United States, Canada, United Kingdom, France, Iceland, Denmark, he year 2022 has begun with a great threat to the international Norway, Portugal, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and national security of the countries involved in the Ukrainian- has taken into account the threats that a globalized world Russian crisis, and despite having escalated into conflict in presents for the international security, so it has had 7 expansions, February of this year, the background of the main international in 1952, 1955, 1982, 1990, 1999, 2004, 2009 and 2017, having actors of the 20th century must be taken into account, the United now 28 member countries, Greece, Turkey, Germany, Spain, States and Russia, as well as their positions in the current crisis. Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Albania, Croatia and Montenegro (The World Order, 2020).
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