Alcantara, M.N.P.A 3.1.1. Vienna, Austria Vienna is part of Central Europe (CIA, 2022), located in the eastern part of Austria, close to the borders with the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia, being the most populous city in the country (Figure 10). Additionally, the capital of Austria has been facing increasing development and growth in the past decades, besides being considered one of the fastestgrowing metropolises
livable
city for more than ten years, from 2009 to 2019 (Mercer, 2019; The Economist, 2019; Wiener Tourismusverband, 2019).
Figure 10. Vienna location and statistics. Source: Author based on data from City of Vienna (2021); Stadtregionen (2022)
These achievements have not appeared out of the blue. Vienna is a city with an important background history, whose influence turned it into an urban planning reference. Located along the Danube River, the Austrian capital emanates art and culture. For instance, at the end of the 19th century, the city witnessed a strong clash of urban ideals between the modernist Otto Wagner
responsible for remodeling the Ringstraße project, in which
buildings reflected and promoted movement
and the architect Camillo Sitte
who
defended the urban fabric being a result from an occupation over time determined by the local typology and nature itself. In this case, the movement crowned won the urbanism battle, bringing a revolution in the transport system, intensifying the social division of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans [SUMPs] and the transition behind planning paradigms 23
