Alcantara, M.N.P.A Under the considerations expressed so far, a mobility paradigm shift is currently happening where a holistic approach has been at the core of these changes. In addition, the elaboration of the BMT strategic documents scrutinized in this research
selected as one of the reinforced the importance of an
integrated approach between the different city sectors toward sustainable urban development. Hence, similarly to the previous case cities, Budapest has also won some mobility awards. For instance, it won the European Mobility Week award in 2008 and was among the finalists in 2005, 2006, and 2013 (EUROPEANMOBILITYWEEK, 2022b). Moreover, the Hungarian capital has been among the finalists of the 5 th SUMP Award in 2016 (EUROPEANMOBILITYWEEK, 2022a). To conclude, Figure 18 presents Budapest modal split from 2017. The total percentage of sustainable trips (PT, bicycle, and walking) is 57%, and the target shown in the BMT is 70% (50% PT, 5% bicycle, 15% walking). Thus, to reach the 2030 expected scenario, Budapest is aiming to reduce private vehicular traffic by almost 30% in the following years, which is not as ambitious as Brussels, but still a considerable amount that needs many integrated actions and measures between all transport modes to be able to reach its goals.
Figure 18. Budapest Modal Split 2017. Source: Author based on data from BKK Budapesti Közlekedési Központ (2019c)
Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans [SUMPs] and the transition behind planning paradigms 33
