Alcantara, M.N.P.A 3.1.4. Rome, Italy Rome is part of Southern Europe (CIA, 2022), located in the mid-western part of Italy (Figure 19), being the most populous city in the country and the third-largest in the EU (Clark, 2022). Moreover, the Italian capital is considered the cradle of western civilization, developing along the Tiber River, and being widely researched with Athens for their ancient urban development achievements. Although the called
as usually it is
has been considered unplanned at the beginning, over time, it has evolved,
bringing many innovations to society, for instance, aqueduct creation, central and underfloor heating inventions, among others (Hall, 1998; Mumford, 1968). Likewise, the roman road network built during ancient times played a crucial role in all its conquers since it connected Rome to the colonies easier. Thus, this distinguished engineering innovation has helped the Empire establish its hegemony through the territories that have been beaten and are still an outstanding feat in the present (Eldridge, 2018; Garcia-López, 2019).
Figure 19. Rome location and statistics. Source: Author based on data from Istat (2021)
at least 2700 years, making the city nowadays a live museum, with emblematic historical monuments and landmarks reinforcing its legibility. Without mentioning its huge religious influence worldwide for
34 Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans [SUMPs] and the transition behind planning paradigms
