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SUUHINGAMISE TEKKEPÕHJUSED JA SELLEST TULENEVAD TERVISEPROBLEEMID LAPSEEAS The causes of mouth breathing and related to it health issues in childhood. Ekaterina Nikolaenko, Svetlana Krit, Terje Arula Abstract Mouth breathing is supposed to affect about half of the children. Mouth breathing is not a distinct disease, but rather a clinical syndrome with multiple aetiologies, mostly resulting from the obstruction of airflow at the level of the nasal cavity or the nasopharynx. The present research study is a review of scientific literature aiming to identify the causes of mouth breathing and to describe the resulting health problems in childhood. A total of 39 sources were used for the analysis, 36 of which were research articles, two health check guidelines and one book. The sources used have been published between 2001 and 2019. During childhood the following pathologies are responsible for the development of mouth breathing by causing nasopharyngeal obstruction: allergic rhinitis, hypertrophic adenoids and/or tonsils, nasal septum deviation. The reviewed literature suggests two more reasons causing mouth breathing by the different mechanisms: a short lingual frenulum and long-term bottle-feeding. Mouth breathing that being present over long periods of time, may lead to different health problems in children, such as orofacial alterations, malocclusion, sleepdisordered breathing, body posture alterations and speech disorders. Keywords: mouth breathing in childhood, causes of mouth breathing, effects of mouth breathing, children’s physical health.
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