TAIMETOIDU JA KEHAKOOSTISE MÕJU METABOOLSE SÜNDROOMIGA SEONDUVATELE VEREPARAMEETRITELE NAISTEL
Influence of vegetarian diet, body mass index and body fat percentage on the factors associated with metabolic syndrome in women
Piret Mihkelson, Aivar Orav, Ülle Parm, Anna-Liisa Tamm
Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a condition which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease threefold and type 2 diabetes fivefold. It is defined by a cluster of metabolic disorders like abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance and hypertension. There are several factors influencing the prevalence of MS, e.g. low level of physical activity, smoking habits, but also inappropriate diet. Vegetarian diet has been reported to reduce the risk of MS, but vegetarians have also lower body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage, which may be the cause of lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome among vegetarians. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between vegetarian diet and body composition and their influences on MS in Estonian women. This study comprised 132 subjects, including 51 vegetarians. All participants filled out a questionnaire, gave a blood sample after an overnight fast and had body composition measured. Fasting glucose, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), insulin, triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A1 (APO A1), apolipoprotein B (APO B), total cholesterol (TC), LDL- (low-density lipoprotein) and HDL- (high-density lipoprotein) blood cholesterol levels were measured and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β), 33
